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[ MUSIC ]

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>> WELCOME TO THE INTERNATIONAL

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SPACE STATION.

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I'M ASTRONAUT AKI HOSHIDE.

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>> I'M ASTRONAUT MEGAN MCARTHUR.

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TODAY, WE'RE GOING TO DISCUSS

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HOW ENGINEERS DESIGN

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SPACE STATION MODULES

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SO WE CAN USE

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THE ENTIRE VOLUME

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TO LIVE AND WORK.

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>> WHAT IS VOLUME?

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GLAD YOU ASKED.

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LET'S GO CHECK IT OUT.

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AREA IS DEFINED AS

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THE TWO-DIMENSIONAL SPACE

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OCCUPIED BY A FLAT SHAPE

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OR SURFACE OF AN OBJECT,

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WHEREAS VOLUME IS THE AMOUNT

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OF SPACE OCCUPIED INSIDE

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A THREE-DIMENSIONAL OBJECT.

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>> LENGTH TIMES WIDTH

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WILL GIVE YOU

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THE AREA OF A SQUARE.

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TAKE THE AREA OF A SQUARE

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AND MULTIPLY THAT BY ITS HEIGHT

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TO GET THE VOLUME OF A CUBE.

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FOR EXAMPLE, HERE'S A CUBE

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THAT IS TWO METERS LONG

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BY TWO METERS WIDE

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BY TWO METERS HIGH.

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MULTIPLY THOSE DIMENSIONS,

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AND YOU GET EIGHT CUBIC METERS

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OF VOLUME.

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BUT THAT'S ONLY ONE WAY

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TO CALCULATE VOLUME.

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CONES, CYLINDERS,

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AND SPHERES ALL HAVE

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DIFFERENT FORMULAS

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TO CALCULATE THEIR VOLUMES.

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TO CALCULATE

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THE VOLUME OF A CYLINDER,

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WE TAKE THE AREA OF THE CIRCLE--

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PI TIMES THE RADIUS SQUARED--

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AND MULTIPLY THAT

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BY THE LENGTH OF THE CYLINDER.

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IN THE DESTINY MODULE,

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WE HAVE A PRESSURIZED VOLUME

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OF APPROXIMATELY

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106 CUBIC METERS,

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OR 3700 CUBIC FEET.

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THAT'S A LOT OF SPACE

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FOR US TO LIVE AND WORK.

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>> DESTINY IS THE PRIMARY

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RESEARCH LAB FOR U.S. PAYLOADS,

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SUPPORTING A WIDE RANGE

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OF EXPERIMENTS AND STUDIES,

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CONTRIBUTING TO HEALTH, SAFETY,

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AND QUALITY OF LIFE FOR

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PEOPLE ALL OVER THE WORLD.

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ENGINEERS DESIGNED

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THESE CYLINDRICAL MODULES

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FOR ASTRONAUTS TO UTILIZE

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THE ENTIRE THREE

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DIMENSIONAL SPACE.

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>> SO YOU'VE LEARNED

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THAT DESTINY IS

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A CYLINDRICAL-SHAPED

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PRESSURIZED MODULE,

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BUT INSIDE THIS SPACE,

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YOU CAN SEE THAT

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OUR INTERIOR SPACE

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IS A LITTLE BIT MORE

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LIKE A SQUARE.

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SO THESE RACKS ARE DESIGNED

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TO FIT AGAINST THE WALLS

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OF THE, UH, CIRCULAR

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CYLINDRICAL MODULE,

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AND SO THE BACK

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OF THE RACK IS CURVED,

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AND THE FRONT OF

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THE RACK IS STRAIGHT.

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AND SO, WE CAN KEEP

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A VARIETY OF DIFFERENT KINDS

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OF EXPERIMENTS

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IN DIFFERENT RACKS,

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AND WE CAN ALSO USE

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THE CEILING AND THE FLOOR

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JUST AS EASILY

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AS IF IT WERE A WALL.

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SO ONE OF THE PLACES

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THAT WE STORE SOME OF OUR STUFF

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IS IN THE CEILING.

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YOU SEE WE HAVE THESE

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DIFFERENT KINDS OF BAGS

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THAT WE STORE THINGS IN

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IN THESE DIFFERENT, UM,

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KINDS OF CUPBOARDS.

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WE ALSO CAN KEEP OUR MEDICAL KIT

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UP HERE OUT OF THE WAY,

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SO IF ANYBODY, UM,

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GETS A CUT OR A SCRAPE

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OR NEEDS SOME MEDICINE,

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WE HAVE DIFFERENT PACKS

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IN HERE THAT HAVE

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ALL THE DIFFERENT THINGS

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THAT WE MIGHT NEED

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WHILE WE'RE UP HERE.

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I CAN ALSO USE SPACE

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IN THE FLOOR.

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WE ACTUALLY HAVE A WINDOW

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THAT'S IN OUR FLOOR

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THAT LOOKS STRAIGHT DOWN

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ONTO THE EARTH.

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[ MUSIC ]

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I HOPE YOU LEARNED A LITTLE BIT

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ABOUT THE IMPORTANCE

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OF ENGINEERING

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AND UTILIZING VOLUME

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ABOARD THE SPACE STATION TODAY.

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USE THE CORRESPONDING

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CLASSROOM CONNECTION

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TO LEARN MORE ABOUT AREA

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AND VOLUME AND CHALLENGE

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YOURSELF TO REDESIGN

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YOUR OWN HOME AND CLASSROOM

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FOR LIFE IN MICROGRAVITY.

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>> MAYBE ONE DAY

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YOU WILL BE AN ENGINEER,

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DESIGNING ROOMS FOR US

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UP HERE IN SPACE.

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SEE YOU NEXT TIME.