>> STATION, THIS IS HOUSTON.
ARE YOU READY FOR THE EVENT?
>> STATION IS READY FOR THE
EVENT.
>> ISS RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
CONFERENCE.
THIS IS MISSION CONTROL HOUSTON.
PLEASE CALL STATION FOR A VOICE
CHECK.
>> -- IF YOU LOOK AT THE CREW
PHOTO, EVERYBODY IS SMILING, BUT
KJELL HAS GOT THIS STRAIGHT
FACE.
I ASKED HIM WHY HE WAS LIKE
THAT, AND HE SAID, THAT WAS THE
BEST ONE HE USED.
STATION, THIS IS ISSR&D
DEVELOPMENT CONFERENCE.
HOW DO YOU HEAR US?
>> THIS IS STATION.
WE HEAR YOU WELL.
HOW US?
>> KJELL, WE WERE JUST TALKING
ABOUT THAT PHOTO BEFORE WE
STARTED HERE.
>> YEAH, IF I HAD KNOWN WE WERE
GOING TO TALK ABOUT THAT, I
WOULD HAVE STARTED OUT MUCH MORE
STONEY FACED.
>> WELL, WE'RE HERE TO TALK
ABOUT RESEARCH AND SCIENCE, AND
WE'RE GOING TO GET INTO SOME OF
THE NUTS AND BOLTS OF THAT.
I DON'T KNOW IF YOU HEARD, BUT
THERE WAS SOME NEWS TODAY THAT
EVEN THOUGH NASA HAS EXTENDED TO
2030 WITH RUSSIANS AS
MULTINATIONAL PARTNERS THAT THEY
ARE GOING TO GO AHEAD AND DO
THEIR OWN SPACE STATION AFTER
2024, SOMETIME AFTERWARDS.
IT'S BEEN VERY CONTROVERSIAL
LAST SIX MONTHS.
-- CONTROVERSIAL THE LAST SIX
MONTHS.
JUST GIVE US A SENSE OF WHAT AS
HE LIKE THERE ON THE STATION
WITH THE RUSSIANS?
>> YEAH, WE HAVEN'T HEARD
ANYTHING ABOUT THAT, BUT WE ARE
TRAINED TO DO A MISSION UP HERE,
AND THAT MISSION INVOLVES THE
WHOLE CREW.
WE ARE GOING TO CONDUCT THE
SCIENCE AND RESEARCH THAT WE'VE
BEEN TRAINED TO CONDUCT, AND
PRINCIPLES FROM ALL --
PRINCIPALS FROM ALL OVER THE
WORLD HAVE INVESTED THEIR TIME
AND EFFORT INTO THAT.
WE ARE GOING TO CONTRIBUTE TO
MISSION SUCCESS, AND THAT IS
EVERYBODY WORKING TOGETHER TO
MAKE SURE WE'RE ACCOMPLISHING
THE SCIENCE AND KEEPING THE CREW
AND THE VEHICLE SAFE.
>> ALL RIGHT.
LET'S TALK ABOUT SCIENCE AND
RESEARCH.
YOU'RE BOTH INVOLVED IN A LOT OF
EXPERIMENTS, ALL OF YOU ARE.
IT'S THE ASTRONAUTS' JOB ON THE
STATION.
YOU HAVE TO TAKE CARE OF
YOURSELF AND EAT AND TAKE CARE
OF THE STATION.
HOW MUCH TIME OF THE DAY ARE YOU
SPENDING ON EXPERIMENTS?
>> YEAH, THAT'S A GOOD QUESTION,
AND ULTIMATELY, YOU KNOW, EVERY
DAY IS DIFFERENT UP HERE, WHICH
IS ONE OF THE PRIVILEGES OF
GETTING UP HERE, IS THAT WE HAVE
SO MANY DIFFERENT THINGS THAT WE
CAN DO, SO MANY COOKIE JARS THAT
WE GET TO STICK OUR HANDS IN.
BUT ESPECIALLY WITH THE ARRIVAL
OF SPACEX 25 LAST WEEK, AS YOU
KNOW, WE HAVE A TON OF SCIENCE
THAT WE HAVE UP HERE THAT WE GET
TO PARTICIPATE IN, SO LATELY,
THE PAST WEEK OR SO, IT HAS
DEFINITELY BEEN HEAVIER ON THE
SCIENCE SIDE AND LESS SO ON THE
MAINTENANCE SIDE.
WE TOOK CARE OF THE MORE SORT OF
MAINTENANCE TASKS PRIOR TO
SPACEX 25 ARRIVING SO THAT WE
COULD DIG INTO THE EXCITING
SCIENCE THAT'S ON BOARD.
EVERY DAY, WE GET TO PARTICIPATE
ON A NEW EXPERIMENT OR CONTINUE
AN EXPERIMENT THAT WE WORKED ON
EARLIER, AND IT'S GREAT TO
CONTINUE TO SUPPORT ALL THE
DIFFERENT EXPERIMENTS UP HERE.
>> YOU DO TALK TO SCIENTISTS ON
THE GROUND WHEN YOU'RE DOING
THOSE EXPERIMENTS.
DO YOU SEE THE BIGGER BUILDING
BLOCK OF WHAT YOU'RE WORKING ON,
THE SMALL PORTION OF WHAT YOU'RE
WORKING ON, THAT EXPERIMENT,
COULD BE MUCH BIGGER DOWN THE
ROAD FOR HUMANITY?
>> I THINK DURING MY LAST
MISSION IN 2015 AND NOW, I
REALLY FEEL LIKE WE'RE BRIDGE
BUILDERS, AND WE ARE REALLY PART
OF THE TEAM THAT IS BUILDING
THAT BRIDGE TO RETURN TO THE
MOON AND THEN ULTIMATELY TO MAKE
OUR WAY TO MARS, AND FROM THE
SMALLEST EXPERIMENT THAT WE SEE
UP HERE TO MORE OF THE MILESTONE
EXPERIMENTS, YOU DO GET THE
SENSE THAT ALL OF US ARE ON THAT
ROAD MAP TO ENABLE US TO DO THAT
SPACE EXPLORATION, THESE LONGER
MISSIONS FURTHER AWAY FROM THE
EARTH, TO CONDUCT FURTHER
SCIENCE AND EXPLORATION ON EARTH
AND GOING TO THE MOON.
WE HAVE A GLOVE BOX WAY DOWN IN
THE JAPANESE EXPERIMENT MODULE,
WHERE WE'RE CONDUCTING
BIOLOGICAL RESEARCH TO BETTER
UNDERSTAND THE EFFECTS OF
RADIATION AND THE MICROGRAVITY
ENVIRONMENT ON DIFFERENT
BIOLOGICAL MODELS, AND HOW SPACE
FLIGHT HAS ON THE HUMAN BODY, SO
WE'RE EXPERIMENTING WITH ALL OF
THOSE BUILDING BLOCKS HAS ON THE
FUTURE.
>> AND I WOULD JUST ADD -- YEAH,
NO, SORRY.
AGREE WITH KJELL AND JUST WOULD
ADD THAT A LOT OF THE SCIENCE
THAT WE'RE DOING ON STATION HAS
TREMENDOUS BENEFITS BACK ON
EARTH.
A LOT OF WHAT WE'RE DOING HERE,
WHAT WE ARE DEMONSTRATING, THE
SCIENCE THAT WE ARE PRODUCING
AND HELP FACILITATING AND
SUPPORT HAS POTENTIAL TO HELP
LIFE ON EARTH FOR HUMANS RIGHT
NOW.
ONE IS THE EARTH SOURCE DUST
MINERAL EXPERIMENT.
YOU CAN CHECK ME ON THAT, BUT
THAT IS TO USE SPECTROSCOPY TO
MEASURE DUST IN THE ATMOSPHERE
AND USING THAT TO DETERMINE THE
MINERAL COMPOSITION OF DUST SO
THAT WE CAN UNDERSTAND THE
EFFECT OF DUST ON THE EARTH'S
CLIMATE AND ENVIRONMENT, WHICH
OBVIOUSLY HAS DIRECT IMPACT TO
ALL OF EARTH'S INHABITANTS.
SO ALL OF WHAT WE'RE DOING UP
HERE, AS KJELL MENTIONED, HELPS
US IN THE FUTURE FROM THE
PRESENT
>> KJELL, YOU'VE MADE A PERFECT
SEGUE.
YOU TALKED ABOUT THE MOCHII.
MY QUESTION FOR YOU IS AFTER
TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATION
BECAUSE, YOU KNOW, WE'RE GOING
TO BE TRANSITIONING INTO
PROVIDING THE SERVICE FOR THE
GREATER COMMUNITY FOR R&D AND
ENGINEERING AND DEVELOPMENT ON
ISS.
HOW IS TECHNOLOGY DEMONSTRATION
DIFFERENT FROM OTHER TYPES OF
EXPERIMENTS IN SPACE, MAYBE MORE
ROUTINE ONES, AND WHAT -- WHAT
ARE THE DIFFERENCES IN TERMS OF
HOW YOU PERCEIVE IT IN ORBIT,
AND FINALLY, WHICH ONE'S MORE
FUN?
>> WELL, AS A SCIENTIST SPEAKING
TO AN ENGINEER, I WON'T ANSWER
YOUR LAST QUESTION, BUT -- NO,
ABSOLUTELY.
THE THING THAT'S SO EXCITING AND
FUN ABOUT DOING TESTS AND DOING
TECHNOLOGY, YOU KNOW,
DEMONSTRATING TECHNOLOGY AND
EVEN THE TROUBLESHOOTING THAT
COMES WITH TECHNOLOGY IS BEING
ABLE TO USE THE ISS AS A TEST
BED.
THIS IS ONE OF THE MAIN PURPOSES
AND MAIN BENEFITS OF THE ISS, IS
THAT WE ARE USE IT TO TEST
TECHNOLOGIES SO THAT WE CAN USE
THEM AS WE EXPLORE FURTHER OUT
INTO THE SOLAR SYSTEM.
YOU BROUGHT UP NEEMO.
THAT'S USED TO FLY MOCHII UP TO
THE ISS AND ALLOWS US TO APPLY
THAT TO FUTURE SPACE
EXPLORATIONS IN THE FUTURE, SO
IT IS A VERY NEAT LINEAGE TO
WORK THROUGH THOSE PROCEDURES AS
WELL AS THE EQUIPMENT ITSELF TO
GET IT FULLY READY TO GO WHEN WE
GET IT.
>> IT'S BEEN A COUPLE OF YEARS.
WE'VE HAD FOUR NASA CREW MEMBERS
PARTICIPATE, AND ONE A PRIVATE
AXIOM ONE CREW MEMBER
PARTICIPATE, SO WE BASICALLY
BUILT THIS VEST TO PROTECT THE
CREW, SO THEIR INVOLVEMENT MEANT
A LOT TO US.
THERE'S GREAT OVERLAP BETWEEN
THE FEEDBACK THAT WE GOT FROM
THE DIFFERENT CREW, AND TO THAT
EXTENT, I'M HAPPY THAT WE GOT
VERY GOOD INFORMATION, AND FOR
MY QUESTION, I'D JUST LIKE TO
ASK, HAVING SPENT SO MUCH TIME
ON ISS ALREADY, HOW DOES IT FEEL
TO HAVE THE OPPORTUNITY TO GO TO
THE MOON, AND ARE YOU AFRAID OR
CONCERNED ABOUT DOING THAT?
AND IF YOU'RE AFRAID OR
CONCERNED, IS THERE ANY OTHER
TECHNOLOGY THAT YOU FEEL THAT
NEEDS TO BE DEVELOPED FOR YOU TO
SAFELY VENTURE TO THE MOON AND
BACK?
>> WELL, I THINK I CAN CERTAINLY
SPEAK FOR MYSELF, AND WE'VE
TALKED ABOUT, YOU KNOW, THE
FUTURE OF LUNAR EXPLORATION AND
SPACE EXPLORATION IS WE HAVE
SPOKEN ABOUT ARTEMIS AND THE
EXPLORATION THAT THAT
REPRESENTS.
I THINK THAT WE ARE ALL INSPIRED
BY THE IMAGES OF THE APOLLO
ASTRONAUTS EXPLORING THE MOON.
I THINK THAT IT'S AN EXCITING
FUTURE FOR NASA AND FOR ALL OF
OUR ARTEMIS PARTNERS.
YOU KNOW, IT IS CERTAINLY BEYOND
LOW EARTH ORBIT, SO THERE IS
SOME ADDITIONAL RISK, BUT I'M
CONFIDENT IN THE SCIENTISTS AND
TEAM THAT IS WORKING OUT THAT
ARCHITECTURE AND PLAN IS GOING
TO
-- PLAN, IS GOING TO PROVIDE US
A VERY SAFE AND FRUITFUL PLAN
FOR EXPLORATION.
NOW, THE ASTRORAD VEST, AS AN
EXAMPLE, I THINK THIS IS
SOMETHING THAT -- ONCE WE
VENTURE OUT OF EARTH'S
GEOMAGNETIC PROTECTION TO THE
MOON AND THEN ONTO MOON, WE ARE
THREATENED BY THESE SOLAR
PARTICLE EVENTS, SO HAVING SOME
KIND OF PROTECTION THAT WILL
AFFORD US AN EXTRA LAYER OF
MITIGATION THAT WILL SHIELD US
FROM THE IMMEDIATE EFFECTS OF
RADIATION AND THE LONGER-TERM
EFFECTS OF RADIATION, IT'S
REALLY A PRIVILEGE TO GET TO TRY
OUT THESE TECHNOLOGIES ON THE
SPACE STATION AND THEN ALSO TO
HAVE INPUT, TO HAVE USER INPUT
INTO IT, SO THAT THE PRODUCT,
WHATEVER WE USE IN THE FUTURE,
IS SOMETHING THAT THE CREW
MEMBERS ARE GOING TO BE
INTERESTED AND EXCITED ABOUT
USING.
>> I THINK THAT'S IT, THE
FEEDBACK THAT YOU RECEIVE FROM
THE ASTRONAUTS THAT CONTRIBUTE
TO THE NEXT ITERATION --
>> VERY TRUE BECAUSE A SOLAR
EVENT LASTS UP TO TWO WEEKS, SO
IT MUST BE COMFORTABLE FOR THEM
TO CONTINUE OPERATIONS.
>> ALL RIGHT.
THANK YOU.
LET'S TALK A LITTLE BIT ABOUT
STATION, AND JESSICA, I WANT TO
START WITH YOU.
I THINK WE'VE ALL DREAMED OF
WHAT IT'S GOING TO BE LIKE IN
THE STATION, BUT WHEN YOU CAME
INTO THE STATION, WHAT STRUCK
YOU THE MOST?
WAS IT THE SMELLS?
THE SOUND?
GIVE US AN EXPERILANATION OF WH
YOU EXPERIENCED IN THE BEGINNING
AND YOUR STAY SO FAR?
>> YEAH, IT'S INTERESTING THAT
YOU BRING UP THE MOCK-UPS IN
BUILDING NINE AND JSC AND OTHER
CENTERS, AS WELL AS SPACEX IN
HAWTHORNE.
BECAUSE OUR TRAINERS AND
FACILITIES ARE SO TOP NOTCH, IT
ALL FEELS FAMILIAR.
EVERYTHING THAT WE ARE
INTERACTING WITH, THE MODULES
THAT WE ARE LEARNING TO FLOAT
IN, IT ALL FEELS VERY FAMILIAR
BECAUSE WE HAVE DONE THE
TRAINING, BUT AT THE SAME TIME,
IT IS EQUALLY AS UNFAMILIAR.
IT IS THE MOST UNFAMILIAR
ENVIRONMENT THAT WE CAN FIND
OURSELVES IN, SO THAT KIND OF
JUXTAPOSITION OF THE FAMILIAR
AND THE UNFAMILIAR WAS REALLY
SURPRISING AND TOOK SOME TIME TO
FIND A WAY TO MESH THOSE TWO, TO
A POINT WHERE IT NOW FEELS LIKE
HOME.
>> KJELL, YOU FLEW IN 2017.
YOU HAD A VERY EXPERIENCED
MENTOR.
YOU ARE NOW THE VETERAN, THE
MENTOR.
WHAT HAS CHANGED SINCE THEN ON
STATION, AND GIVE US AN IDEA IN
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT FOR THE
FOLKS IN THE ROOM HOW IT MAY
CONTINUE TO DEVELOP IN THE NEXT
SEVERAL YEARS?
>> YEAH, IT'S SUCH AN PRIVILEGE
TO GET TO DO THIS
ONCE-IN-A-LIFETIME OPPORTUNITY.
I HAD THE EXPERIENCE OF A
LIFETIME, AND FOR ME, THE GOAL
WAS TO BE ABLE TO TRY TO HELP
THE FIRST-TIME FLIERS HAVE THAT
EXPERIENCE, SO REALLY A DELIGHT
TO PROVIDE SOME ADVICE ALONG THE
WAY.
IN TERMS OF THE DIFFERENCE, I
THINK THE CREW IS A HUGE
DIFFERENCE.
I HAD A GREAT CREW THE FIRST
TIME AROUND AND AN AMAZING CREW
THIS TIME.
THE CREW MAKES THE MISSION, AND
IT'S SUCH A PRIVILEGE TO FLY
WITH THESE GUYS.
THE SECOND PART OF IT IS YOU
REALLY FEEL THE STATION AND THE
SCIENCE OF STATION.
ESPECIALLY WITH THE ARRIVAL OF
SPACEX 25, WE ARE FILLED TO THE
BRIM.
THERE'S SCIENCE HAPPENING IN ALL
THE NOOKS AND CRANNIES OF
STATION, AND YOU FEEL LIKE WE'RE
UP AND RUNNING AND PROVIDING
THAT VITAL TEST BED FOR
EXTENDING OUR REACH INTO THE
SOLAR SYSTEM AND IMPROVING LIFE
ON EARTH.
VERY EXCITED FOR THE TEAMS THAT
THESE EXPERIMENTS REPRESENT.
WE APPRECIATE ESPECIALLY THAT'S
FACILITATED THE SCIENCE GETTING
UP HERE SO THAT WE CAN DO THIS.
WE KNOW THAT EACH EXPERIMENT
REPRESENTS MAYBE A CAREER OR A
LIFETIME'S WORTH OF WORK, SO
EVERY TIME WE'RE TOUCHING THESE
EXPERIMENTS, WE UNDERSTAND THE
GRAVITY OF THAT WORK, AND IT'S A
PRIVILEGE TO BE A PART OF IT.
>> ANOTHER GREAT SEGUE.
LET'S TALK ABOUT COOPERATION.
JAXA IS HERE, I THINK ESA IS
HERE SOMEPLACE.
YOU'RE TALKING ABOUT COOPERATION
WITH INTERNATIONAL PARTNERS.
TALK TO US ABOUT WORKING WITH
INTERNATIONAL PARTNERS, AND
JESSICA, BEFORE WE RUN OUT OF
TIME, TALK TO US ABOUT DOING
SCIENCE THERE.
>> YEAH.
THE INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION
PIECE OF THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE
STATION IS TRULY AT THE CENTER
OF IT.
IT IS SUCH AN AMAZING EXAMPLE OF
WHAT WE CAN DO WHEN WE ALL COME
TOGETHER.
WE POOL OUR RESOURCES AND
EXPERTISE TO REALLY ACCOMPLISH
THINGS THAT WE WOULD NOT BE ABLE
TO ACCOMPLISH ON OUR OWN AS
INDIVIDUAL NATION, SO TO BE ABLE
TO BE A PART OF THAT, TO HAVE
SAMANTHA CRISTOFORETTI AND THE
TEAMS THAT WE HAVE ON THE
GROUND, AND WE'RE VERY FORTUNATE
TO HAVE OUR FIRST ARAB ASTRONAUT
LONG DURATION, GRATEFUL TO HAVE
THEM, AS WELL, SO IT TRULY IS AN
INTERNATIONAL ENDEAVOR.
AS A SCIENTIST, IT IS JUST THE
MOST EXCITING PLACE TO BE, ON
SPACE STATION.
AS A GEOLOGIST, TO BE ABLE TO
LOOK OUT THE WINDOW AND SEE THE
EARTH FROM A PLANETARY
PERSPECTIVE AND MARRY THAT WITH
WHAT WE ARE ABLE TO SEE ON THE
GROUND, ON FOOT, WITH THE MORE
REMOTE PERSPECTIVE WE CAN GET
FROM THE ISS IS JUST A REALLY
UNIQUE OPPORTUNITY, SO SUPER
GRATEFUL FOR THE OPPORTUNITY.
>> THE THEME OF THE CONFERENCE
IS DECADE OF RESULTS.
I THINK WE JUST HAVE A FEW
SECONDS.
KJELL, GIVE US A SENSE OF WHAT
YOU'RE CONTRIBUTING TO THE NEXT
LESS THAN DECADE OF RESULTS?
>> WE'VE BEEN AT WORK FOR OVER
TWO DECADES NOW, AND WE HAVE THE
PRIVILEGE OF SEEING THE SPACE
STATION OPERATING AT ITS
INTENDED CAPACITY.
WE HAVE HUNDREDS OF RESEARCH
EXPERIMENTS UP HERE, AND IT IS
BUILDING ON THE WORK THAT HAS
BEEN DONE OVER PREVIOUS DECADES,
AND SO IT'S EXCITING TO BE A
PART OF THAT AND REALLY SEE THE
FOUNDATION THAT THIS IS BUILDING
FOR FUTURE EXPLORATION AND FOR
IMPROVING LIFE BACK ON EARTH.
AND AGAIN, GRATEFUL FOR ALL OF
OUR PARTNERS ACROSS THE WORLD,
UNIVERSITIES AND INDUSTRY THAT
ARE PARTNERING ON THIS PLATFORM
TO HELP US SUCCEED.
>> KJELL AND JESSICA, THANK YOU
FOR TALKING TO US.
THANK YOU VERY MUCH.
[Applause]
>> STATION, THIS IS HOUSTON ACR.
THAT CONCLUDES THE EVENT.
>> TO ALL PARTICIPANTS FROM THE
ISS RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
CONFERENCE, THAT CONCLUDES THE
EVENT.
STATION, WE ARE NOW RESUMING