1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:12,145 >> IGNITION SEQUENCE. 2 00:00:12,212 --> 00:00:13,046 >> GOOD MORNING. 3 00:00:13,113 --> 00:00:13,947 HAPPY NEW YEAR! 4 00:00:14,013 --> 00:00:15,248 WELCOME TO THIS VIEW OF THE 5 00:00:15,315 --> 00:00:16,649 INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION 6 00:00:16,716 --> 00:00:18,852 FLIGHT CONTROL ROOM AT NASA'S 7 00:00:18,918 --> 00:00:20,053 JOHNSON SPACE CENTER. 8 00:00:20,120 --> 00:00:21,454 THE MEN AND WOMEN IN THIS ROOM 9 00:00:21,521 --> 00:00:23,056 ARE WORKING WITH THE MEN AND 10 00:00:23,123 --> 00:00:24,958 WOMEN OF EXPEDITION 66 AS THEY 11 00:00:25,024 --> 00:00:26,860 TAKE OFF ANOTHER YEAR OF SCIENCE 12 00:00:26,926 --> 00:00:29,863 RESEARCH ON A ONE-OF-A-KIND 13 00:00:29,929 --> 00:00:30,764 LABORATORY IN SPACE. 14 00:00:30,830 --> 00:00:37,470 COMMANDER ANTON SHKAPLEROV HAS 15 00:00:37,537 --> 00:00:39,973 KICKED OFF 2022 WITH THE FOCUS 16 00:00:40,039 --> 00:00:41,374 ON SCIENCE SUPPORT WHILE THEY 17 00:00:41,441 --> 00:00:42,475 WORK TO KEEP THE HOME AND SPACE 18 00:00:42,542 --> 00:00:44,077 IN GOOD SHAPE TO SUPPORT THE 19 00:00:44,144 --> 00:00:47,280 MISSION FOR YEARS TO COME. 20 00:00:47,347 --> 00:00:47,480 ♪ 21 00:00:47,547 --> 00:00:51,384 ♪ ♪ 22 00:00:51,451 --> 00:00:51,684 ♪ 23 00:00:51,751 --> 00:00:53,620 >> WELCOME TO SPACE TO GROUND. 24 00:00:53,686 --> 00:00:55,422 WE SAY HELLO TO THE NEW YEAR. 25 00:00:55,488 --> 00:00:56,523 THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION 26 00:00:56,589 --> 00:00:59,225 IS SETTING ITS SIGHTS TO MANY 27 00:00:59,292 --> 00:01:00,427 YEARS AHEAD. 28 00:01:00,493 --> 00:01:02,929 NASA ADMINISTRATOR BILL NELSON 29 00:01:02,996 --> 00:01:05,331 ANNOUNCED THAT THE BIDEN-HARRIS 30 00:01:05,398 --> 00:01:06,533 ADMINISTRATION IS COMMITTED TO 31 00:01:06,599 --> 00:01:08,535 THE EXTENSION OF OPERATIONS OF 32 00:01:08,601 --> 00:01:11,538 THE SPACE STATION THROUGH 2030. 33 00:01:11,604 --> 00:01:13,940 THIS WILL ENABLE CONTINUATION OF 34 00:01:14,007 --> 00:01:15,442 GROUNDBREAKING RESEARCH BEING 35 00:01:15,508 --> 00:01:17,644 CONDUCTED BY NASA AND OUR 36 00:01:17,710 --> 00:01:19,245 NATIONAL PARTNERS ON THE 37 00:01:19,312 --> 00:01:20,747 ORBITING LABORATORY THROUGH THE 38 00:01:20,814 --> 00:01:22,649 REST OF THIS DECADE. 39 00:01:22,715 --> 00:01:24,651 AND IN A STATEMENT POSTED TO 40 00:01:24,717 --> 00:01:25,852 NASA. GOV. 41 00:01:25,919 --> 00:01:27,153 NELSON SAID THE INTERNATIONAL 42 00:01:27,220 --> 00:01:29,856 SPACE STATION IS A BEACON OF 43 00:01:29,923 --> 00:01:30,857 PEACEFUL INTERNATIONAL 44 00:01:30,924 --> 00:01:32,859 SCIENTIFIC COLLABORATION AND FOR 45 00:01:32,926 --> 00:01:35,161 MORE THAN 20 YEARS HAS RETURNED 46 00:01:35,228 --> 00:01:37,464 ENORMOUS SCIENTIFIC EDUCATIONAL 47 00:01:37,530 --> 00:01:40,467 AND TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT TO 48 00:01:40,533 --> 00:01:42,669 BENEFIT HUMANITY. 49 00:01:42,735 --> 00:01:43,970 ONE OF THE CURRENT DEVELOPMENTS 50 00:01:44,037 --> 00:01:45,972 ABOARD THE SPACE STATION IS THE 51 00:01:46,039 --> 00:01:48,475 MANUFACTURING OF SUPER ALLOY. 52 00:01:48,541 --> 00:01:51,177 SUPER ALLOY ARE ALLOYS 53 00:01:51,244 --> 00:01:53,012 INCREDIBLE HEAT RESISTANT 54 00:01:53,079 --> 00:01:56,115 PROPERTIES AND SUPER ALLOY 55 00:01:56,182 --> 00:01:57,917 TAXING MODULE IS TESTING A 56 00:01:57,984 --> 00:01:59,919 COMMERCIAL MANUFACTURING DEVICE 57 00:01:59,986 --> 00:02:03,823 THAT PROCESSES PARTS IN 58 00:02:03,890 --> 00:02:05,124 MICROGRAVITY. 59 00:02:05,191 --> 00:02:06,926 THE RESEARCH THESE SUPER ALLOYS 60 00:02:06,993 --> 00:02:08,928 COULD IMPROVE THE PERFORMANCE 61 00:02:08,995 --> 00:02:10,730 AND MATERIALS UNDER EXTREMELY 62 00:02:10,797 --> 00:02:12,732 HIGH TEMPERATURES SUCH AS METAL 63 00:02:12,799 --> 00:02:14,934 AND TURBINE ENGINES FOR 64 00:02:15,001 --> 00:02:17,937 AEROSPACE AND POWER GENERATORS. 65 00:02:18,004 --> 00:02:19,939 SO HOW IS YOUR NEW YEAR'S 66 00:02:20,006 --> 00:02:21,941 RESOLUTION COMING ALONG? 67 00:02:22,008 --> 00:02:23,443 WELL, WE HAVE A RESOLUTION THAT 68 00:02:23,510 --> 00:02:24,744 WILL BE EASY TO FOLLOW. 69 00:02:24,811 --> 00:02:27,146 WE INVITE YOU TO KEEP UP-TO-DATE 70 00:02:27,213 --> 00:02:28,147 ON THE LATEST NEWS ABOUT THE 71 00:02:28,214 --> 00:02:29,949 INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION THIS 72 00:02:30,016 --> 00:02:31,951 YEAR BY CONNECTING WITH US ON 73 00:02:32,018 --> 00:02:33,953 ONE OF THESE SOCIAL MEDIA 74 00:02:34,020 --> 00:02:34,654 PLATFORMS. 75 00:02:34,721 --> 00:02:36,456 YOU CAN FIND UPDATES FROM THE 76 00:02:36,523 --> 00:02:39,158 ISS ON TWITTER AT SPACE UNDER 77 00:02:39,225 --> 00:02:41,160 SCORE STATION AND FOR THE LATEST 78 00:02:41,227 --> 00:02:43,263 NEWS ABOUT RESEARCH AND SCIENCE 79 00:02:43,329 --> 00:02:45,365 ON THE ORBITING LABORATORY HEAD 80 00:02:45,431 --> 00:02:48,368 TO AT ISS UNDERSCORE RESEARCH. 81 00:02:48,434 --> 00:02:51,271 YOU CAN GET A DAILY ON ORBIT 82 00:02:51,337 --> 00:02:52,705 STATUS REPORT BY VISITING OUR 83 00:02:52,772 --> 00:02:55,008 SPACE STATION BLOG AT 84 00:02:55,074 --> 00:02:58,111 BLOGS.NASA. GOV AND YOU CAN 85 00:02:58,177 --> 00:02:59,612 FOLLOW THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE 86 00:02:59,679 --> 00:03:01,114 STATION ON FACEBOOK AND 87 00:03:01,180 --> 00:03:01,714 INSTAGRAM. 88 00:03:01,781 --> 00:03:03,716 DO YOU WANT THE LATEST NASA NEWS 89 00:03:03,783 --> 00:03:04,918 IN YOUR IN BOX? 90 00:03:04,984 --> 00:03:07,420 SIGN UP FOR ONE OF THE NASA NEWS 91 00:03:07,487 --> 00:03:09,122 LETTERS EXPLORE WIDE LIST OF 92 00:03:09,188 --> 00:03:11,925 TOPICS LIKE STATION SCIENCE AND 93 00:03:11,991 --> 00:03:15,128 SPACE BIOLOGY AND ASTRONAUTS OF 94 00:03:15,194 --> 00:03:17,330 OUR PLANET. 95 00:03:17,397 --> 00:03:18,932 NOW SPACE TO GROUND THIS WEEK. 96 00:03:18,998 --> 00:03:21,134 THANKS FOR WATCHING AND AS 97 00:03:21,200 --> 00:03:24,037 ALWAYS, KEEP SENDING US YOUR 98 00:03:24,103 --> 00:03:26,139 QUESTIONS USING THE #ASKNASA. 99 00:03:26,205 --> 00:03:34,447 WE WILL SEE YOU NEXT WEEK. 100 00:03:34,514 --> 00:03:35,848 >> THE SEVEN MEMBERS OF 101 00:03:35,915 --> 00:03:39,152 EXPEDITION 66 FINISHED 2021 IN 102 00:03:39,218 --> 00:03:40,653 SPACE BUT THEY REPRESENT FEWER 103 00:03:40,720 --> 00:03:42,255 THAN ONE-THIRD OF THE TOTAL 104 00:03:42,322 --> 00:03:44,157 NUMBER OF HUMAN BEINGS WHO 105 00:03:44,223 --> 00:03:45,258 FLOATED ABOARD THE WORLD'S 106 00:03:45,325 --> 00:03:47,360 ORBITING OUTPOST LAST YEAR. 107 00:03:47,427 --> 00:03:48,661 IF YOU LIKE THOSE NUMBERS, YOU 108 00:03:48,728 --> 00:03:50,263 WILL LOVE THESE. 109 00:03:50,330 --> 00:03:51,564 COUNTING DOWN NOW TO THE 110 00:03:51,631 --> 00:03:53,399 INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION YEAR 111 00:03:53,466 --> 00:04:00,206 IN REVIEW IN 3, 2, 1. 112 00:04:00,273 --> 00:04:00,707 ♪ 113 00:04:00,773 --> 00:04:01,107 ♪ ♪ 114 00:04:01,174 --> 00:05:50,149 ♪ ♪ 115 00:05:50,216 --> 00:06:04,297 ♪ ♪ 116 00:06:04,363 --> 00:06:05,998 YOU PROBABLY NOTICED IN THAT 117 00:06:06,065 --> 00:06:07,500 FEATURE, THAT WAS A SECTION ON 118 00:06:07,567 --> 00:06:09,102 THE GROUNDBREAKING SCIENCE DONE 119 00:06:09,168 --> 00:06:10,103 ON THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE 120 00:06:10,169 --> 00:06:12,205 STATION IN 2021. 121 00:06:12,271 --> 00:06:14,107 BUT THAT AIN'T THE HALF OF IT. 122 00:06:14,173 --> 00:06:15,808 AS EXPEDITION CREWMEMBERS FROM 123 00:06:15,875 --> 00:06:17,210 FIVE DIFFERENT COUNTRIES 124 00:06:17,276 --> 00:06:19,412 SUPPORTED RESEARCH IN DOZENS OF 125 00:06:19,479 --> 00:06:21,314 EXPERIMENTS LAST YEAR THAT TOOK 126 00:06:21,380 --> 00:06:23,316 ADVANTAGE OF THE ABSENCE OF 127 00:06:23,382 --> 00:06:24,517 GRAVITY TO LEARN THINGS THAT 128 00:06:24,584 --> 00:06:26,018 COULDN'T BE LEARNED HERE ON 129 00:06:26,085 --> 00:06:26,619 EARTH. 130 00:06:26,686 --> 00:06:28,221 TAKE A LOOK NOW AT THE BEST 131 00:06:28,287 --> 00:06:30,323 SCIENCE PHOTOS FROM THE STATION 132 00:06:30,389 --> 00:06:34,127 DURING 2021. 133 00:06:34,193 --> 00:06:34,527 ♪ 134 00:06:34,594 --> 00:06:59,886 ♪ ♪ 135 00:06:59,952 --> 00:07:00,386 ♪ ♪ 136 00:07:00,453 --> 00:07:00,520 ♪ 137 00:07:00,586 --> 00:09:24,497 ♪ ♪ 138 00:09:24,563 --> 00:09:25,898 ♪ THE ASTRONAUTS WHO ARRIVED A 139 00:09:25,965 --> 00:09:27,199 THE STATION IN NOVEMBER ARE 140 00:09:27,266 --> 00:09:28,301 ABOUT A THIRD OF THE WAY THROUGH 141 00:09:28,367 --> 00:09:29,702 THE MISSION WHICH HAS BIG 142 00:09:29,769 --> 00:09:31,003 SCIENCE PLANS OF ITS OWN AND 143 00:09:31,070 --> 00:09:34,707 TAKE A LISTEN, AS RAJA CHARI, 144 00:09:34,774 --> 00:09:38,911 TOM MARSHBURN, MATTHIAS MAURER 145 00:09:38,978 --> 00:09:41,314 DESCRIBE THEIR COMMERCIAL USE OF 146 00:09:41,380 --> 00:09:43,015 SPACE WHILE CONTRIBUTING TO 147 00:09:43,082 --> 00:09:44,317 PREPARATIONS FOR HUMANS TO 148 00:09:44,383 --> 00:09:51,524 EXPLORE THE MOON IN A FEW YEARS. 149 00:09:51,590 --> 00:09:53,826 >> I AM KAYLA BARRON, A MISSION 150 00:09:53,893 --> 00:09:54,527 SPECIALISTS. 151 00:09:54,593 --> 00:09:57,930 I AM MATTHIAS MAURER. 152 00:09:57,997 --> 00:09:59,732 >> MY NAME IS TOM MARSHBURN, I 153 00:09:59,799 --> 00:10:01,033 AM THE PILOT. 154 00:10:01,100 --> 00:10:03,736 >> I AM RAJA CHARI, COMMANDER OF 155 00:10:03,803 --> 00:10:05,237 THIS CREW-3 MISSION TO THE 156 00:10:05,304 --> 00:10:06,238 INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION. 157 00:10:06,305 --> 00:10:06,539 ♪ 158 00:10:06,605 --> 00:10:06,672 ♪ 159 00:10:06,739 --> 00:10:21,554 ♪ 160 00:10:21,620 --> 00:10:22,855 >> THE CREW-3 MISSION ON THE 161 00:10:22,922 --> 00:10:25,257 NASA COMMERCIAL SPACE LEAGUE TO 162 00:10:25,324 --> 00:10:27,259 THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION 163 00:10:27,326 --> 00:10:28,060 AND WORK ON THE INTERNATIONAL 164 00:10:28,127 --> 00:10:30,262 SPACE STATION FOR AROUND SIX 165 00:10:30,329 --> 00:10:33,766 MONTHS FOR LOTS OF SCIENCE, AND 166 00:10:33,833 --> 00:10:36,068 CREW DRAGON IS ONE OF OUR NEWEST 167 00:10:36,135 --> 00:10:38,070 WAYS TO GET THERE. 168 00:10:38,137 --> 00:10:40,272 THERE HAVE BEEN SOYUZES THAT 169 00:10:40,339 --> 00:10:41,574 HAVE FLOWN THE INTERNATIONAL 170 00:10:41,640 --> 00:10:42,575 SPACE STATION WITH CREW AND THE 171 00:10:42,641 --> 00:10:43,576 SPACE SHUTTLE FOR THE 172 00:10:43,642 --> 00:10:45,077 INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION NOW 173 00:10:45,144 --> 00:10:46,879 THE CREW DRAGON IS TAKING HUMAN 174 00:10:46,946 --> 00:10:48,481 BEINGS TO THE INTERNATIONAL 175 00:10:48,547 --> 00:10:49,582 SPACE STATION SO WE PARTNERED 176 00:10:49,648 --> 00:10:51,183 WITH SPACEX IN THE COMMERCIAL 177 00:10:51,250 --> 00:10:52,818 CREW PROGRAM AND DESIGNED, 178 00:10:52,885 --> 00:10:54,220 BUILD, OPERATE THESE VEHICLES 179 00:10:54,286 --> 00:10:56,822 THAT TAKE US, TRANSPORT US TO 180 00:10:56,889 --> 00:10:57,923 THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION 181 00:10:57,990 --> 00:11:00,326 SO WE CANCUN RUN TO THE AMAZING 182 00:11:00,393 --> 00:11:01,927 WORK THAT WE ARE DOING UP THERE. 183 00:11:01,994 --> 00:11:04,030 YEAH, IT IS EXCITING ON THE NEW 184 00:11:04,096 --> 00:11:06,032 SPACESHIP FOR SURE AND NEWLY 185 00:11:06,098 --> 00:11:08,234 DESIGNED OF THE SPACESHIP BUT I 186 00:11:08,300 --> 00:11:10,036 LOOK ARE LOOK FORWARD TO FLYING 187 00:11:10,102 --> 00:11:12,738 WITH THREE PEOPLE THAT HAVE NOT 188 00:11:12,805 --> 00:11:14,740 FLOWN BEFORE AND UNIQUE CREW AND 189 00:11:14,807 --> 00:11:16,842 INCREDIBLY OPERATIONALLY SAVVY 190 00:11:16,909 --> 00:11:17,076 ALREADY. 191 00:11:17,143 --> 00:11:19,445 SO WHAT I TRY DO IS IF THERE IS 192 00:11:19,512 --> 00:11:20,746 ANY GAPS IN THEIR KNOWLEDGE OF 193 00:11:20,813 --> 00:11:22,748 HOW THEY ARE GOING TO FEEL, HOW 194 00:11:22,815 --> 00:11:23,949 THEY ARE GOING TO OPERATE WHATS 195 00:11:24,016 --> 00:11:25,351 THE ZERO GRAVITY GOING TO BE 196 00:11:25,418 --> 00:11:27,253 LIKE, HOW THAT MIGHT CHALLENGE 197 00:11:27,319 --> 00:11:28,854 OUR EXPECTATION FORCE WHAT WE 198 00:11:28,921 --> 00:11:32,158 CAN GET DONE. 199 00:11:32,224 --> 00:11:33,359 >> SO YOU REALLY FEEL LIKE YOU 200 00:11:33,426 --> 00:11:35,761 HAVE BECOME A RESIDENT OF SPACE, 201 00:11:35,828 --> 00:11:38,664 A RESIDENT OF ZERO AND YOU START 202 00:11:38,731 --> 00:11:40,266 TO FEEL LIKE YOU ARE GETTING THE 203 00:11:40,332 --> 00:11:41,967 IDEA OF HOW THIS WORKS. 204 00:11:42,034 --> 00:11:44,770 EVERY DAY IS LONG SERIES OF 205 00:11:44,837 --> 00:11:45,871 PROBLEM-SOLVING. 206 00:11:45,938 --> 00:11:47,873 YOU GOT TOKING IF YOU GOUT WHERE 207 00:11:47,940 --> 00:11:49,875 TO PUT THE PENCIL AND DRINK IF 208 00:11:49,942 --> 00:11:50,876 YOU HAVE IT. 209 00:11:50,943 --> 00:11:52,711 10,000 ADA YOU ARE SOLVING BILL 210 00:11:52,778 --> 00:11:54,313 PROBLEMS LIKE THIS WHEN THAT 211 00:11:54,380 --> 00:11:55,815 BECOMES FLUID YOU FEEL LIKE 212 00:11:55,881 --> 00:11:57,716 COULD BE EFFICIENT AND GET A LOT 213 00:11:57,783 --> 00:11:59,318 OF WORK DONE AND A LOT OF WORK 214 00:11:59,385 --> 00:12:00,820 TO GET DONE ON THE SPACE STATION 215 00:12:00,886 --> 00:12:02,021 RIGHT NOW. 216 00:12:02,088 --> 00:12:03,322 SPENT A LOT OF THE TIME TRAINING 217 00:12:03,389 --> 00:12:04,924 IN DRAGON BECAUSE THAT IS 218 00:12:04,990 --> 00:12:06,325 DYNAMIC PHASE OF THE MISSION BUT 219 00:12:06,392 --> 00:12:08,327 IT IS JUST A TINY FRACTION THE 220 00:12:08,394 --> 00:12:09,628 WHOLE POINT IS GOING TO THE 221 00:12:09,695 --> 00:12:12,031 SPACE STATION AND DOING 222 00:12:12,098 --> 00:12:13,332 INCREDIBLE WORK UP THERE SO THE 223 00:12:13,399 --> 00:12:15,234 TIME ON THE SPACE STATION IS 224 00:12:15,301 --> 00:12:16,435 SPENT ONE KEEPING THE SPACE 225 00:12:16,502 --> 00:12:18,537 STATION HEALTHY AND SO HATE BEEN 226 00:12:18,604 --> 00:12:20,039 UP THERE FOR 20 YEARS THEN A LOT 227 00:12:20,106 --> 00:12:22,241 OF SYSTEMS THAT NEED UPGRADES 228 00:12:22,308 --> 00:12:23,642 AND OPERATORS THERE TO KEEP THEM 229 00:12:23,709 --> 00:12:25,344 WORKING WELL BUT WE ALSO DO 230 00:12:25,411 --> 00:12:27,546 INCREDIBLE SCIENCE THE SPACE 231 00:12:27,613 --> 00:12:29,248 STATION IS A NATIONAL LABORATORY 232 00:12:29,315 --> 00:12:30,649 ORBITING AROUND THE EARTH AIN'T 233 00:12:30,716 --> 00:12:31,951 IS APPROXIMATELY REALLY UNIQUE 234 00:12:32,017 --> 00:12:33,252 ENVIRONMENT. 235 00:12:33,319 --> 00:12:34,553 ONCE WE ARRIVE ON THE 236 00:12:34,620 --> 00:12:35,955 INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION WE 237 00:12:36,021 --> 00:12:38,557 WILL LEARN A LOT OF EXPERIMENTS. 238 00:12:38,624 --> 00:12:40,159 I AM MATERIAL SCIENCE ENGINEER 239 00:12:40,226 --> 00:12:42,061 SO MY FOCUS WOULD BE LOTS OF 240 00:12:42,128 --> 00:12:43,863 EXPERIMENTS IN THE SCIENCE 241 00:12:43,929 --> 00:12:45,865 DOMAIN BUT ALSO LIFE SCIENCES 242 00:12:45,931 --> 00:12:47,566 WOULD BE VERY IMPORTANT. 243 00:12:47,633 --> 00:12:48,567 >> THERE IS ALL KINS OF RESEARCH 244 00:12:48,634 --> 00:12:50,469 GOING ON A DAILY BASIS THAT LEAD 245 00:12:50,536 --> 00:12:52,071 TO FUNDAMENTAL CHANGES IN THE 246 00:12:52,138 --> 00:12:53,806 WAY WE UNDERSTAND HOW THE WORLD 247 00:12:53,873 --> 00:12:56,008 WORKS A AND THE EYE, EAR, WHERE 248 00:12:56,075 --> 00:12:57,810 HANDS AND THE EXPERIMENTS THAT 249 00:12:57,877 --> 00:12:59,512 HELP LEAD TO THE SCIENCE OF 250 00:12:59,578 --> 00:13:01,814 DISCOVERIES THAT CAN PUSH OUR 251 00:13:01,881 --> 00:13:03,315 OFFICER IS THE BOTH BEYOND THE 252 00:13:03,382 --> 00:13:04,817 PLANET AND UNDER STAND AND 253 00:13:04,884 --> 00:13:06,318 OPERATE ON OUR EARTH EVEN 254 00:13:06,385 --> 00:13:07,219 BETTER. 255 00:13:07,286 --> 00:13:08,320 >> ONE OF THE GREAT LEGACIES OF 256 00:13:08,387 --> 00:13:09,822 THE SPACE STATIONS IS NOT JUST 257 00:13:09,889 --> 00:13:12,625 GOING TO BE SCIENCE BUT VERY 258 00:13:12,691 --> 00:13:14,326 IMPORTANTLY THE INTERNATIONAL 259 00:13:14,393 --> 00:13:15,027 COOPERATION. 260 00:13:15,094 --> 00:13:16,629 THIS IS ONE OF THE FIRSTS 261 00:13:16,695 --> 00:13:18,731 CERTAINLY TODAY'S PERHAPS MOST 262 00:13:18,797 --> 00:13:19,632 PROMINENT INTERNATIONAL 263 00:13:19,698 --> 00:13:21,534 COOPERATION FOR EXPIRATION THAT 264 00:13:21,600 --> 00:13:23,135 IS NOT FOR SURVIVAL, IT IS NOT 265 00:13:23,202 --> 00:13:24,537 FOR COMPETITION IN THE 266 00:13:24,603 --> 00:13:25,538 MARKETPLACE. 267 00:13:25,604 --> 00:13:28,040 IT ITS FOR JUST EXPLORATION. 268 00:13:28,107 --> 00:13:30,142 >> I THINK WE ARE NOW ABOUT TO 269 00:13:30,209 --> 00:13:31,844 ENTER NEW REAR OF HUMAN 270 00:13:31,911 --> 00:13:34,647 SPACEFLIGHT IN THE PAST AND WE 271 00:13:34,713 --> 00:13:35,848 FLEW THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE 272 00:13:35,915 --> 00:13:38,250 STATION TO DO BUR POORLY SIRENS 273 00:13:38,317 --> 00:13:39,552 NOW AT THE STATION WE BECOME MER 274 00:13:39,618 --> 00:13:41,954 AND MORE COMMERCIAL AND 275 00:13:42,021 --> 00:13:42,855 COMMERCIAL EXPERIENCE ON ONE 276 00:13:42,922 --> 00:13:45,057 SIDE, BUT ALSO, COMMERCIAL 277 00:13:45,124 --> 00:13:46,959 ASTRONAUTS WHO COME UP TO RUN 278 00:13:47,026 --> 00:13:48,961 MAYBE THEIR OWN SCIENCE PROGRAMS 279 00:13:49,028 --> 00:13:51,864 BUT ALSO TO ENJOY JUST BEING UP 280 00:13:51,931 --> 00:13:54,400 IN SPACE TO EXPERIENCE SPACE AND 281 00:13:54,466 --> 00:13:57,603 TO CONVEY THIS MESSAGE THE FAST 282 00:13:57,670 --> 00:13:59,004 NATION OF SPACE TO ALL THE 283 00:13:59,071 --> 00:14:08,314 PEOPLE ON THE GROUND. 284 00:14:08,380 --> 00:14:09,615 >> IN ADDITION TO HELPING 285 00:14:09,682 --> 00:14:10,516 PERFORM SEE YOU RETURN IS THE 286 00:14:10,583 --> 00:14:12,117 INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION 287 00:14:12,184 --> 00:14:13,919 CREWMEMBERS ARE SCIENCE. 288 00:14:13,986 --> 00:14:16,322 WHEN THEY SERVE AS GUINEA PIGS 289 00:14:16,388 --> 00:14:18,023 IN EXPERIMENTS THAT ARE DESIGNED 290 00:14:18,090 --> 00:14:20,025 TO HELP GET HUMAN BEINGS READY 291 00:14:20,092 --> 00:14:22,428 FOR FUTURE MISSIONS LIKE ARTEMIS 292 00:14:22,494 --> 00:14:23,629 PROGRAM MISSIONS BACK TO THE 293 00:14:23,696 --> 00:14:24,830 MOON AND AFTER THAT, MISSIONS 294 00:14:24,897 --> 00:14:27,032 OUT INTO THE SOLAR SYSTEM. 295 00:14:27,099 --> 00:14:28,634 SCIENTISTS ARE BUSY EXPLORING 296 00:14:28,701 --> 00:14:30,436 WAYS TO PROVIDE THOSE FUTURE 297 00:14:30,502 --> 00:14:32,738 ASTRONAUTS WITH THE NUTRITION 298 00:14:32,805 --> 00:14:34,139 THEY NEED TO STAY HEALTHY WHEN 299 00:14:34,206 --> 00:14:35,841 THEY TIME COMES FOR THEM TO 300 00:14:35,908 --> 00:14:37,142 LEAVE THE HOME PLANET ON 301 00:14:37,209 --> 00:14:38,544 JOURNEYS THAT WILL LAST FOR 302 00:14:38,611 --> 00:14:44,250 YEARS. 303 00:14:44,316 --> 00:14:45,651 >> THE SUCCESSFUL MISSION STARTS 304 00:14:45,718 --> 00:14:49,955 WITH NUTRITION. 305 00:14:50,022 --> 00:14:54,593 PRESENTED BY SCIENCE AT NASA. 306 00:14:54,660 --> 00:14:55,694 CENTURIES AGO. 307 00:14:55,761 --> 00:14:57,696 LARGE WOODEN SHIPS EXPLORED THE 308 00:14:57,763 --> 00:14:58,897 SEVEN SEAS. 309 00:14:58,964 --> 00:15:00,899 BUT OFTEN THE SHIP THAT BEGAN 310 00:15:00,966 --> 00:15:02,401 THE VOYAGE WITH THE CREW OF 311 00:15:02,468 --> 00:15:04,303 HUNDREDS COULD RETURN WITH TENS 312 00:15:04,370 --> 00:15:07,206 AND THE SILENT KILLER, SCURVY, A 313 00:15:07,273 --> 00:15:08,207 DISEASE THAT OH COARSE WHEN 314 00:15:08,274 --> 00:15:10,609 THERE IS A LOOK OF VITAMIN C IN 315 00:15:10,676 --> 00:15:11,810 THE DIET. 316 00:15:11,877 --> 00:15:13,812 ALL THE OTHER EXTREME EXPLORERS 317 00:15:13,879 --> 00:15:15,314 OF THE NORTH AND SOUTH POLES 318 00:15:15,381 --> 00:15:18,117 COULD FALL ILL BY EATING THE 319 00:15:18,183 --> 00:15:20,119 LIVER OF POLAR BEAN, SEALS 320 00:15:20,185 --> 00:15:22,421 EXPOSING THEM TO TOXIC LEVELS OF 321 00:15:22,488 --> 00:15:23,722 VITAMIN A. 322 00:15:23,789 --> 00:15:25,124 CENTURIES OF EXPLORATION HAVE 323 00:15:25,190 --> 00:15:26,325 TAUGHT US, THERE IS A VITAL 324 00:15:26,392 --> 00:15:27,726 RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SUCCESSFUL 325 00:15:27,793 --> 00:15:29,728 EXPLORATION MISSION AND BALANCE 326 00:15:29,795 --> 00:15:30,429 NUTRITION. 327 00:15:30,496 --> 00:15:31,930 AND NO WHERE IS THAT LESSON MORE 328 00:15:31,997 --> 00:15:35,534 VITAL THAN IN THE EX VANS OF 329 00:15:35,601 --> 00:15:36,535 OUTER SPACE. 330 00:15:36,602 --> 00:15:38,237 NASA NUTRITIONIST AND MANAGER 331 00:15:38,304 --> 00:15:41,140 FOR NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY 332 00:15:41,206 --> 00:15:44,043 SCOTT M SMITH NOTES WE ARE 333 00:15:44,109 --> 00:15:46,945 STUDYING ABOARD OF THE ISS BY 334 00:15:47,012 --> 00:15:48,847 TRACKING WHAT ASTRO NOTE ITS EAT 335 00:15:48,914 --> 00:15:50,449 AND HOW THEIR BODY MASS AND 336 00:15:50,516 --> 00:15:51,650 HEALTH CHANGE OVER TIME IN 337 00:15:51,717 --> 00:15:53,786 MICROGRAVITY. 338 00:15:53,852 --> 00:15:55,688 MENUS THAT LOOK VARIETY AND BUSY 339 00:15:55,754 --> 00:15:57,089 SCHEDULES CAN IMPACT THE 340 00:15:57,156 --> 00:16:00,693 ASTRONAUT'S DIETARY INTAKE AND 341 00:16:00,759 --> 00:16:02,494 OUT OF SUFFICIENT INTAKE LEADS 342 00:16:02,561 --> 00:16:04,396 TO WEIGHT AND MASS LOSS, BEN AND 343 00:16:04,463 --> 00:16:06,498 MUSCLE LOSS, CARDIOVASCULAR 344 00:16:06,565 --> 00:16:07,900 EFFECTS AND MORE. 345 00:16:07,966 --> 00:16:10,602 THE FOODS ON ISS ARE ALL SHELF 346 00:16:10,669 --> 00:16:13,305 STABLE AND NO FREEZER FOR GOOD. 347 00:16:13,372 --> 00:16:15,207 RIGHT NOW, WE LUCKY BECAUSE WE 348 00:16:15,274 --> 00:16:16,909 ARE ABLE TO DELIVER FRESH FRUIT 349 00:16:16,975 --> 00:16:18,811 AND VEGS TO THE STATION. 350 00:16:18,877 --> 00:16:20,612 BUT THINK ABOUT THE FIRST HUMAN 351 00:16:20,679 --> 00:16:22,614 TRIP TO MARS AND BACK. 352 00:16:22,681 --> 00:16:25,117 WHICH MAY TAKE 36 MONTHS OR MORE 353 00:16:25,184 --> 00:16:27,619 AND HOW DO WE MAINTAIN OPTIMAL 354 00:16:27,686 --> 00:16:28,921 NUTRITION FOR THE ASTRONAUTS 355 00:16:28,987 --> 00:16:30,122 OVER THIS MUCH TIME? 356 00:16:30,189 --> 00:16:32,024 THE CHALLENGE IS CLEAR. 357 00:16:32,091 --> 00:16:33,726 IN SPACE, THE ASTRONAUTS 358 00:16:33,792 --> 00:16:35,427 ENVIRONMENT IMPACTS THEIR 359 00:16:35,494 --> 00:16:36,929 NUTRITIONAL NEEDS. 360 00:16:36,995 --> 00:16:39,732 ASTRONAUTS HAVE HIGHER RADIATION 361 00:16:39,798 --> 00:16:42,334 EX PORE POS SURE AND LEVELS OF 362 00:16:42,401 --> 00:16:44,837 CARBON DIOXIDE, LOW 363 00:16:44,903 --> 00:16:46,638 MICROGRAVITY WHICH CAN HAVE 364 00:16:46,705 --> 00:16:47,940 EFFECTS ON THEIR HEALTH. 365 00:16:48,006 --> 00:16:50,242 HAVING A BALANCED NUTRITIOUS 366 00:16:50,309 --> 00:16:51,443 DIET IS IMPORTANT TO HELP 367 00:16:51,510 --> 00:16:53,379 COUNTERACT SPACEFLIGHT EFFECT ON 368 00:16:53,445 --> 00:16:54,079 THE BODY. 369 00:16:54,146 --> 00:16:55,381 THESE CAN HAVE SHORT TERM 370 00:16:55,447 --> 00:16:56,982 CONSEQUENCE LIKE ON MOOD AND 371 00:16:57,049 --> 00:16:58,884 PERFORMANCE AND KIDNEY STONE 372 00:16:58,951 --> 00:17:00,686 RING,S AND RAISES LONG TERM 373 00:17:00,753 --> 00:17:02,588 CONCERNS SUCH AS BEN AND MUSCLE 374 00:17:02,654 --> 00:17:04,390 LOSS AND CARDIOVASCULAR 375 00:17:04,456 --> 00:17:05,891 DEGRADATION AND IMPAIRMENT OF 376 00:17:05,958 --> 00:17:08,494 THE IMMUNE FUNCTION AND VISION 377 00:17:08,560 --> 00:17:08,894 CHANGES. 378 00:17:08,961 --> 00:17:10,496 SMITH SAYS THE FOODS WE GIVE 379 00:17:10,562 --> 00:17:13,098 THEM WILL BE UP MOST IMPORTANT 380 00:17:13,165 --> 00:17:14,600 FOR COUNTERACTING THESE EFFECTS 381 00:17:14,666 --> 00:17:15,901 WHICH IS WHY WE NEED FIND WAYS 382 00:17:15,968 --> 00:17:17,903 TO KEEP THE FOOD PALATABLE, 383 00:17:17,970 --> 00:17:19,605 NUTRITIOUS, SAFE, EVEN AFTER IT 384 00:17:19,671 --> 00:17:22,408 IS STORED FOR MONTHS OR YEARS. 385 00:17:22,474 --> 00:17:23,609 KEEPING AN. 386 00:17:23,675 --> 00:17:25,110 >> I WILL BE IMPORTANT, TOO. 387 00:17:25,177 --> 00:17:27,913 ARE CURRENTLY ON ISS, ASTRONAUTS 388 00:17:27,980 --> 00:17:30,716 USE I PAD APP TO TRACK INTAKE 389 00:17:30,783 --> 00:17:32,217 AND GIVES THEM REAL-TIME 390 00:17:32,284 --> 00:17:33,619 INFORMATION ON THE DIET. 391 00:17:33,685 --> 00:17:35,821 THE NUTRITION TEAM AND FLIGHT 392 00:17:35,888 --> 00:17:37,022 SURGEONS ALSO WATCH THIS 393 00:17:37,089 --> 00:17:38,223 INFORMATION TO HELP PROVIDE 394 00:17:38,290 --> 00:17:39,825 FEEDBACK TO ASTRO NOTES. 395 00:17:39,892 --> 00:17:41,527 THIS ATTENTION TO ASTRONAUT 396 00:17:41,593 --> 00:17:42,928 NUTRITION IS ALSO PAYING 397 00:17:42,995 --> 00:17:47,232 DIVIDENDS FOR THOSE 398 00:17:47,299 --> 00:17:48,734 ONBOARD THE SPACE STATION HAVE 399 00:17:48,801 --> 00:17:51,537 ALREADY DELIVERED A PLETHORA OF 400 00:17:51,603 --> 00:17:53,071 NUTRITIONAL DATA THAT COULD BE 401 00:17:53,138 --> 00:17:55,073 APPLIED TOWEL A ALL PEOPLE AND 402 00:17:55,140 --> 00:17:56,575 GAINED NEW IN NIGHT? 403 00:17:56,642 --> 00:17:58,177 HOW NUTRITION CAN HAVE EFFECTS 404 00:17:58,243 --> 00:18:00,179 ON ALL HUMAN SYSTEMS INCLUDING 405 00:18:00,245 --> 00:18:01,880 EFFECT ON BONE LOSS WHICH AFFECT 406 00:18:01,947 --> 00:18:04,283 THE ELDERLY IN PARTICULAR HOW TO 407 00:18:04,349 --> 00:18:05,684 BETTER TREAT THAT CONDITION AND 408 00:18:05,751 --> 00:18:06,985 OTHERS. 409 00:18:07,052 --> 00:18:08,887 OF COURSE, SAYS SMITH A SIMPLE 410 00:18:08,954 --> 00:18:10,189 START FOR PEOPLE ON EARTH TO 411 00:18:10,255 --> 00:18:12,591 MAINTAIN OPTIMAL HEALTH IS THE 412 00:18:12,658 --> 00:18:15,093 SAME IT HAS BEEN FOR CENTURIES. 413 00:18:15,160 --> 00:18:17,596 KEEP EATING YOUR FRUITS AND 414 00:18:17,663 --> 00:18:19,498 VEGGIES FOR MORE EYE CYANS FROM 415 00:18:19,565 --> 00:18:20,699 THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION. 416 00:18:20,766 --> 00:18:25,404 TO WWW.NASA. GOV/ISS-- SCIENCE 417 00:18:25,471 --> 00:18:27,005 FOR MORE APPETIZING INFORMATION 418 00:18:27,072 --> 00:18:30,209 ABOUT SPACE EXPLORATION VISIT 419 00:18:30,275 --> 00:18:33,212 SCIENCE.NASA.GOV. 420 00:18:33,278 --> 00:18:34,413 >> ONE MAJOR GOAL OF THE 421 00:18:34,480 --> 00:18:35,714 INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION 422 00:18:35,781 --> 00:18:37,916 PROGRAM IS TO DEVELOP THE TOOLS 423 00:18:37,983 --> 00:18:39,418 AND TECHNIQUES THAT WE'LL NEED 424 00:18:39,485 --> 00:18:41,220 TO BE SUCCESSFUL IN THE NEXT 425 00:18:41,286 --> 00:18:43,021 STAGE OF HUMAN EXPLORATION OF 426 00:18:43,088 --> 00:18:43,822 SPACE. 427 00:18:43,889 --> 00:18:44,923 STARTING WITH THE ARTEMIS 428 00:18:44,990 --> 00:18:46,725 PROGRAM, AND THE MISSIONS TO THE 429 00:18:46,792 --> 00:18:48,227 MOON THAT ARE COMING UP SOON. 430 00:18:48,293 --> 00:18:50,229 THE FOE FOLKS AT THE EXPLORATION 431 00:18:50,295 --> 00:18:52,764 AND IN SPACE SERVICES PROJECTS 432 00:18:52,831 --> 00:18:53,365 DIVISION AT THE GOODARD 433 00:18:53,432 --> 00:18:55,267 SPACEFLIGHT CENTER HAVE WORKED 434 00:18:55,334 --> 00:18:57,269 UP A NUMBER OF THESE NEW TOOLS 435 00:18:57,336 --> 00:18:59,171 THAT HAVE BEEN TESTED IN THE 436 00:18:59,238 --> 00:19:00,572 SPACE STATION TO HELP DRAW UP 437 00:19:00,639 --> 00:19:02,474 THE BLUEPRINT FROM OUR SUSTAINED 438 00:19:02,541 --> 00:19:04,977 HUMAN SPACE. 439 00:19:05,043 --> 00:19:06,078 THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION 440 00:19:06,144 --> 00:19:07,679 HAS BEEN PROVIDING WITH US 441 00:19:07,746 --> 00:19:09,181 GROUNDBREAKING SCIENCE AND 442 00:19:09,248 --> 00:19:11,483 DISCOVERIES FOR OVER TWO DECADES 443 00:19:11,550 --> 00:19:13,685 AND WHEN YOU THINK OF THE SPACE 444 00:19:13,752 --> 00:19:15,087 BEARING SPECIES YOU MAY THINK OF 445 00:19:15,153 --> 00:19:16,889 IT AS SOMETHING LIMITED TO THE 446 00:19:16,955 --> 00:19:18,590 FUTURE OR CYPRIANS FICTION AND 447 00:19:18,657 --> 00:19:21,193 IN FACT, SOME MORE THAN 20 YEARS 448 00:19:21,260 --> 00:19:23,395 HUMANS HAVE MAINTAINED TO 449 00:19:23,462 --> 00:19:25,397 CONTINUOUS PRESENCE SPACE VIA 450 00:19:25,464 --> 00:19:26,298 THE SPACE STATION. 451 00:19:26,365 --> 00:19:27,399 DURING THIS TIME WE REACHED THE 452 00:19:27,466 --> 00:19:29,201 BENEFITS OF THE RESEARCH 453 00:19:29,268 --> 00:19:44,816 CONDUCTED ONBOARD. 454 00:19:44,883 --> 00:19:45,918 WE HAVE IMAGINED TO LISTENER AND 455 00:19:45,984 --> 00:19:47,819 DEVELOP ENGINEERING CAPABILITY 456 00:19:47,886 --> 00:19:49,421 ON THE PRIME REAL ESTATE 457 00:19:49,488 --> 00:19:50,622 OUTSIDE. 458 00:19:50,689 --> 00:19:51,723 ALL THE UNIQUE THINGS WE HAVE 459 00:19:51,790 --> 00:19:53,225 BEEN ABLE TO DO ON THE ISS 460 00:19:53,292 --> 00:19:56,028 INCLUDE THINGS AROUND ROBOTICS 461 00:19:56,094 --> 00:19:59,731 AND AUTONOMY AND ESPECIALLY WITH 462 00:19:59,798 --> 00:20:02,034 A NEW NATIONAL CAPABILITY IN 463 00:20:02,100 --> 00:20:03,335 INITIATIVE WE HAVE GOING ON 464 00:20:03,402 --> 00:20:07,139 AROUND ON ORBIT SATELLITE 465 00:20:07,205 --> 00:20:07,739 SERVING. 466 00:20:07,806 --> 00:20:09,341 I WOULD TELL THAT YOU THE ISS 467 00:20:09,408 --> 00:20:12,044 WAS REALLY AT THE FOREFRONT OF 468 00:20:12,110 --> 00:20:14,046 US STARTING THIS ACTIVITY. 469 00:20:14,112 --> 00:20:15,247 >> THERE IS STILL SO MUCH LEFT 470 00:20:15,314 --> 00:20:17,249 TO LEARN AND TO SO MUCH 471 00:20:17,316 --> 00:20:18,850 TECHNOLOGY LEFT TO BE TESTED IN 472 00:20:18,917 --> 00:20:20,552 THE INCREDIBLY UNIQUE PLACE. 473 00:20:20,619 --> 00:20:22,454 >> REALLY THE ISS IS ORBITING 474 00:20:22,521 --> 00:20:26,058 LAB PROVIDES THE AGENCY WITH THE 475 00:20:26,124 --> 00:20:27,659 OPPORTUNITY TO TEST THINGS IN A 476 00:20:27,726 --> 00:20:29,061 MICROGRAVITY ENVIRONMENT THIS 477 00:20:29,127 --> 00:20:31,263 THE MAIN DIFFERENCE BETWEEN 478 00:20:31,330 --> 00:20:33,765 EARTH TESTING AND ISS IS EXACTLY 479 00:20:33,832 --> 00:20:36,468 THAT MY GROW GRAVITY FACTOR. 480 00:20:36,535 --> 00:20:37,970 USING STATION TO PRACTICE 481 00:20:38,036 --> 00:20:39,071 CAPABILITY AND SEE HOW 482 00:20:39,137 --> 00:20:41,473 TECHNOLOGIES WILL LOOK AND WORK 483 00:20:41,540 --> 00:20:44,076 IN SPACE IS COMPARABLE TO HAVING 484 00:20:44,142 --> 00:20:45,777 DRESS REHEARSAL BEFORE A BIG 485 00:20:45,844 --> 00:20:47,879 PLAY AND PROVIDES WITH US THE 486 00:20:47,946 --> 00:20:49,081 OPPORTUNITY TO LISTENER, ADAPT 487 00:20:49,147 --> 00:20:50,582 AND TWEAK THINGS AS NEEDED TO 488 00:20:50,649 --> 00:20:52,084 DRIVE DOWN MISSION RISKS TO 489 00:20:52,150 --> 00:20:53,619 INCREASE THE CHANCE OF SUCCESS. 490 00:20:53,685 --> 00:20:55,420 THIS IS IMPORTANT WHEN YOU 491 00:20:55,487 --> 00:20:57,022 CONSIDER THAT MANY OF THESE TECH 492 00:20:57,089 --> 00:20:58,724 ROLE IN GAINS CAPABILITIES ARE 493 00:20:58,790 --> 00:21:00,926 THINGS THAT HAVE NEVER BEN BEEN 494 00:21:00,993 --> 00:21:01,927 DOVER DONE BEFORE. 495 00:21:01,994 --> 00:21:05,430 THINGS LIKE SPACE THAT WERE NOT 496 00:21:05,497 --> 00:21:07,232 DESIGNED TO BE REFUELED. 497 00:21:07,299 --> 00:21:09,434 NASA HAS BIG PLANS AT THE MOON 498 00:21:09,501 --> 00:21:12,337 MARS AND BEYOND FIRST ON THE 499 00:21:12,404 --> 00:21:14,539 DOCKET IS ARTEMIS WHICH PLANS TO 500 00:21:14,606 --> 00:21:15,741 SEND THE FIRST BECOME AND THE 501 00:21:15,807 --> 00:21:17,242 MISSION TO THE MOON AND IN 502 00:21:17,309 --> 00:21:18,744 AUDITION TO TESTING, STATION 503 00:21:18,810 --> 00:21:20,245 ALSO PROVIDES NASA WITH THE 504 00:21:20,312 --> 00:21:22,447 BLUEPRINT FOR LONG TERM HUMAN 505 00:21:22,514 --> 00:21:23,949 DATA IN SPACE FROM LEARNING 506 00:21:24,016 --> 00:21:25,550 ABOUT HOW HUMAN BODIES ADAPT TO 507 00:21:25,617 --> 00:21:26,752 THE SPACE ENVIRONMENT IN THE 508 00:21:26,818 --> 00:21:27,653 LONG TERM. 509 00:21:27,719 --> 00:21:29,454 TO DISCOVERING HOW TO GROW FOOD 510 00:21:29,521 --> 00:21:31,356 AND MORE TO ORBITING LABS 511 00:21:31,423 --> 00:21:33,358 PROVIDES A VALUABLE LESSON AS 512 00:21:33,425 --> 00:21:34,960 PART OF THE ARTEMIS PROGRAM, 513 00:21:35,027 --> 00:21:36,561 GATEWAY WILL BE OUT POST 514 00:21:36,628 --> 00:21:37,963 ORBITING THE MOON AND SIMILAR TO 515 00:21:38,030 --> 00:21:39,364 THE WAY STATION ORBITS THE 516 00:21:39,431 --> 00:21:40,065 EARTH. 517 00:21:40,132 --> 00:21:42,467 LIKE STATION, IT WILL ACTS AS A 518 00:21:42,534 --> 00:21:44,069 DESTINATION FOR EXPEDITIONS AND 519 00:21:44,136 --> 00:21:45,570 SCIENCE INVESTIGATIONS. 520 00:21:45,637 --> 00:21:47,773 UNLIKE STATION, IT COULD SERVE 521 00:21:47,839 --> 00:21:49,274 AS A PORT FOR DEEP SPACE 522 00:21:49,341 --> 00:21:50,175 TRANSPORTATION. 523 00:21:50,242 --> 00:21:52,477 SUCH AS LANDERS ON THROUGHOUT 524 00:21:52,544 --> 00:21:53,812 LUNAR SERVICE OR SPACECRAFT 525 00:21:53,879 --> 00:21:55,814 EMBARKING TO DESTINATIONS BEYOND 526 00:21:55,881 --> 00:21:56,515 THE MOON. 527 00:21:56,581 --> 00:21:58,016 GATEWAYS CRITICAL COMPONENT OF 528 00:21:58,083 --> 00:22:00,218 THE ARTEMIS PROGRAM AND POSSIBLE 529 00:22:00,285 --> 00:22:02,421 THANKS TO THE STATION. 530 00:22:02,487 --> 00:22:04,022 >> SO MANY TECHNOLOGIES ARE 531 00:22:04,089 --> 00:22:06,925 REQUIRED FOR US TO SUSTAIN 532 00:22:06,992 --> 00:22:09,327 PRESENCE AND BOTH LUNAR AND THEN 533 00:22:09,394 --> 00:22:11,329 EVENTUALLY WHEN WE GO ON TO THE 534 00:22:11,396 --> 00:22:13,331 ARTEMIS PROGRAM ESPECIALLY AND 535 00:22:13,398 --> 00:22:15,734 THE SURFACE AND WE ARE LOOKING 536 00:22:15,801 --> 00:22:18,136 AT NOW INVOLVES ADVANCED POWER 537 00:22:18,203 --> 00:22:19,438 AND CAPABILITIES AND ADVANCED 538 00:22:19,504 --> 00:22:21,139 PROPULSION AND ADVANCED 539 00:22:21,206 --> 00:22:22,441 COMMUNICATIONS TRYING TO GO TO 540 00:22:22,507 --> 00:22:24,443 OPTICAL COME IN CAUTIONS FROM 541 00:22:24,509 --> 00:22:26,545 RADIO FREQUENCY AND ENTER AND 542 00:22:26,611 --> 00:22:28,246 LANDING OF LARGE SCALE MASS THEN 543 00:22:28,313 --> 00:22:30,549 AGAIN THE AUTONOMY I KEEP GOING 544 00:22:30,615 --> 00:22:32,050 BACK TO THOSE AS WELL BUT THEY 545 00:22:32,117 --> 00:22:34,352 NEED DIFFERENT TECHNOLOGICAL 546 00:22:34,419 --> 00:22:36,254 CHALLENGES EXISTS AND OUR R 547 00:22:36,321 --> 00:22:37,355 NEEDED FOR US TO BE ABLE TO 548 00:22:37,422 --> 00:22:38,557 SUSTAIN THOSE AND WHAT WE ARE 549 00:22:38,623 --> 00:22:40,358 DOING NOW WILL DETERMINE THE FEW 550 00:22:40,425 --> 00:22:42,060 FUTURE OF WHAT THE AGENCY'S 551 00:22:42,127 --> 00:22:42,661 CAPABILITIES ARE. 552 00:22:42,728 --> 00:22:44,463 THE INTERNATIONAL STAYS STATION 553 00:22:44,529 --> 00:22:46,865 OFFERS ENDLESS POSSIBILITIES IN 554 00:22:46,932 --> 00:22:48,166 THE FUTURE TO CONTINUE TO 555 00:22:48,233 --> 00:22:50,268 ADVANCE AT THE SPACE BEARING 556 00:22:50,335 --> 00:22:52,704 FEES POST. 557 00:22:52,771 --> 00:22:53,105 ♪ 558 00:22:53,171 --> 00:22:53,238 ♪ 559 00:22:53,305 --> 00:22:54,806 ♪ SPECIE. 560 00:22:54,873 --> 00:22:56,308 INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION 561 00:22:56,374 --> 00:22:58,310 CREWMEMBERS SPEND SOME OF THEIR 562 00:22:58,376 --> 00:22:59,911 TIME ON STATION MAIN NEXT, AND 563 00:22:59,978 --> 00:23:01,613 SOME ON SCIENCE ACTIVITIES AND 564 00:23:01,680 --> 00:23:04,316 SOME OF IT SHARING THE EXPENSE 565 00:23:04,382 --> 00:23:06,318 OF FLYING IN SPACE WITH FOLKS ON 566 00:23:06,384 --> 00:23:08,520 EARTH AND THAN INCLUDES STUDENTS 567 00:23:08,587 --> 00:23:10,322 STUDYING THE FIELDS OF SILENCE, 568 00:23:10,388 --> 00:23:12,023 TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING AND MATH 569 00:23:12,090 --> 00:23:13,825 AND IN THE STEM DEMONSTRATION 570 00:23:13,892 --> 00:23:16,228 VIDEO, ASTRONAUT SHANE KIMBROUGH 571 00:23:16,294 --> 00:23:17,729 DESCRIBES HOW CREWMEMBERS USE 572 00:23:17,796 --> 00:23:19,331 THEIR SENSE IN SPACE AND HOW 573 00:23:19,397 --> 00:23:21,833 THOSE SENSES ADAPT TO BEING IN 574 00:23:21,900 --> 00:23:23,235 WEIGHTLESSNESS. 575 00:23:23,301 --> 00:23:23,735 ♪ 576 00:23:23,802 --> 00:23:24,136 ♪ ♪ 577 00:23:24,202 --> 00:23:54,199 ♪ 578 00:23:54,266 --> 00:23:56,201 >> HELLO MY NAME IS SHANE 579 00:23:56,268 --> 00:23:58,503 KIMBROUGH. 580 00:23:58,570 --> 00:23:59,805 I AM INDUSTRIES NOW THE LIVING 581 00:23:59,871 --> 00:24:00,338 ON THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE 582 00:24:00,405 --> 00:24:01,306 STATION. 583 00:24:01,373 --> 00:24:02,607 I WILL BE TALKING ABOUT THE FIVE 584 00:24:02,674 --> 00:24:04,810 MAIN AND HOW WE USE THEM HERE ON 585 00:24:04,876 --> 00:24:05,510 THE STATION. 586 00:24:05,577 --> 00:24:10,715 LET'S GO CHECK THEM OUT. 587 00:24:10,782 --> 00:24:12,217 AS HUMANS WE HAVE FIVE SENSES 588 00:24:12,284 --> 00:24:13,718 THAT LET US OBSERVE THE WORLD 589 00:24:13,785 --> 00:24:14,820 AROUND US. 590 00:24:14,886 --> 00:24:16,421 THE SENSES ARE SIGHT, TASTE, 591 00:24:16,488 --> 00:24:19,724 SMELL, HEARING AND TOUCH. 592 00:24:19,791 --> 00:24:22,127 OUR SENSES HELP US DETERMINE 593 00:24:22,194 --> 00:24:23,128 WHETHER OR NOT WE LIKE SOMETHING 594 00:24:23,195 --> 00:24:25,730 BUT THEY ALSO WARN US IF 595 00:24:25,797 --> 00:24:26,932 SOMETHING IS WRONG. 596 00:24:26,998 --> 00:24:29,334 SOMETIMES OUR SENSE PICK UP VERY 597 00:24:29,401 --> 00:24:30,836 GOOD THINGS LOOK THE SMELL OF 598 00:24:30,902 --> 00:24:32,737 FRESH BAKED COOKIES HER TO TASTE 599 00:24:32,804 --> 00:24:34,639 OF YUMMY PIZZA. 600 00:24:34,706 --> 00:24:36,641 OTHER TIMES OUR SENSES MAY WARN 601 00:24:36,708 --> 00:24:38,343 US OF DANGER AND THE SMELL OF 602 00:24:38,410 --> 00:24:39,544 SOMETHING BURNING OR THE FEELING 603 00:24:39,611 --> 00:24:41,346 OF SOMETHING HOT. 604 00:24:41,413 --> 00:24:42,747 LET'S GO THROUGH THE FIVE SENSE 605 00:24:42,814 --> 00:24:44,049 THEN TALK ABOUT WHAT WE MAY 606 00:24:44,115 --> 00:24:46,051 OBSERVE WITH THEM AND UP HERE ON 607 00:24:46,117 --> 00:24:49,254 THE STATION. 608 00:24:49,321 --> 00:24:51,356 >> THE SITE ALLOWS US TO SEE THE 609 00:24:51,423 --> 00:24:53,692 WORLD AROUND US AND IN MY CASE 610 00:24:53,758 --> 00:24:54,793 SPACE. 611 00:24:54,860 --> 00:24:56,294 HERE ON THE STATION, ONE WAY WE 612 00:24:56,361 --> 00:24:58,096 USE OUR SENSE OF SIGHT IS TO SEE 613 00:24:58,163 --> 00:24:59,497 DIFFERENT EXPERIMENTS WE ARE 614 00:24:59,564 --> 00:25:00,198 WORKING ON. 615 00:25:00,265 --> 00:25:01,800 SOME WE CAN REPORT THE RESULTS 616 00:25:01,867 --> 00:25:03,501 BACK TO EARTH. 617 00:25:03,568 --> 00:25:05,003 SOME ASTRO NOS HAVE NOTICED 618 00:25:05,070 --> 00:25:07,005 THEIR SITE CHANGES A LITTLE 619 00:25:07,072 --> 00:25:09,207 AFTER LIVING IN MICROGRAVITY 620 00:25:09,274 --> 00:25:10,709 ABOARD THE STATION AND HELPING 621 00:25:10,775 --> 00:25:12,611 TO FIX THIS BY CONDUCTING 622 00:25:12,677 --> 00:25:17,315 SEARCH UP HERE. 623 00:25:17,382 --> 00:25:18,316 ASTRONAUTS LIKE ME. 624 00:25:18,383 --> 00:25:19,618 OUR SENSE OF TASTE COMES FROM 625 00:25:19,684 --> 00:25:21,119 THE TONGUE AND IT TELLS OUR 626 00:25:21,186 --> 00:25:22,420 BRAIN WHAT KIND OF FOOD AND 627 00:25:22,487 --> 00:25:24,122 NUTRIENTS WE ARE PUTTING INTO 628 00:25:24,189 --> 00:25:25,023 OUR BODY. 629 00:25:25,090 --> 00:25:26,825 WE CAN TELL WHEN SISTING SUPER 630 00:25:26,892 --> 00:25:28,426 SWEET OR VERY SALTY BECAUSE OF 631 00:25:28,493 --> 00:25:29,227 THIS. 632 00:25:29,294 --> 00:25:31,029 BECAUSE OF FLUID SHIFTS ON THE 633 00:25:31,096 --> 00:25:32,230 SPACE STATION, SOMETIMES OUR 634 00:25:32,297 --> 00:25:34,132 NOSES CAN BE A BIT STUFFY AND 635 00:25:34,199 --> 00:25:36,134 CAN HARDER TO TASTE FOOD. 636 00:25:36,201 --> 00:25:39,537 ARE SO LOTS OF US LOVE TO ADD 637 00:25:39,604 --> 00:25:41,640 HOT SAUCE TO MANY OF OUR MEALS 638 00:25:41,706 --> 00:25:45,844 TO AMPLIFY THE TASTE. 639 00:25:45,911 --> 00:25:47,445 >> NOW, JUST LIKE WITH TASTE, 640 00:25:47,512 --> 00:25:50,048 SOMETIMES OUR SENSE OF SMELL CAN 641 00:25:50,115 --> 00:25:52,450 CHANGE UP HIRE IN MICROGRAVITY 642 00:25:52,517 --> 00:25:54,085 AS LIQUIDS IN OUR BODY MOVE 643 00:25:54,152 --> 00:25:54,486 AROUND. 644 00:25:54,552 --> 00:25:56,988 ONCE BOARD DYES ADDS GUSTED TO 645 00:25:57,055 --> 00:25:58,790 MICROGRAVITY THE SPACE STATION 646 00:25:58,857 --> 00:26:02,494 HAS VERY DISTINCT SMELL. 647 00:26:02,560 --> 00:26:03,094 HEARING. 648 00:26:03,161 --> 00:26:04,296 >> INTERNALS OF HEARING INSIDE 649 00:26:04,362 --> 00:26:05,196 OF THE SPACE STATION, THERE IS 650 00:26:05,263 --> 00:26:06,698 CONSTANT NOISE COMING FROM THE 651 00:26:06,765 --> 00:26:08,500 DIFFERENT MACHINES THAT KEEP OUR 652 00:26:08,566 --> 00:26:10,802 AIR FLOWING AND THE EXPERIMENTS 653 00:26:10,869 --> 00:26:11,903 RUNNING. 654 00:26:11,970 --> 00:26:13,305 OUR SLEEPING QUARTERS BLOCK SOME 655 00:26:13,371 --> 00:26:14,306 OF THE NOISE, THOUGH. 656 00:26:14,372 --> 00:26:15,807 SO ABLE TO GET A GOOD NIGHT'S 657 00:26:15,874 --> 00:26:18,710 SLEEP EACH MIGHT. 658 00:26:18,777 --> 00:26:19,811 WHAT DO YOU THINK YOU WOULD HEAR 659 00:26:19,878 --> 00:26:20,812 OUTSIDE OF THE SPACE STATION? 660 00:26:20,879 --> 00:26:23,315 WELL, YOU BETTER BE WEARING A 661 00:26:23,381 --> 00:26:24,716 SPACESUIT SO YOU WOULD BE 662 00:26:24,783 --> 00:26:26,718 HEARING THE FAN IS NO NOISES IN 663 00:26:26,785 --> 00:26:27,719 SITED OF THE SPACESUIT. 664 00:26:27,786 --> 00:26:29,020 IF YOU ARE ABLE TO BE OUTSIDE OF 665 00:26:29,087 --> 00:26:30,822 THAT SPACESUIT YOU WOULD HEAR 666 00:26:30,889 --> 00:26:32,023 NOTHING. 667 00:26:32,090 --> 00:26:33,525 BECAUSE SOUND CANNOT TRAVEL IN 668 00:26:33,591 --> 00:26:35,226 SPACE BECAUSE IT HAS NO AIR TO 669 00:26:35,293 --> 00:26:38,029 TRAVEL THROUGH. 670 00:26:38,096 --> 00:26:38,730 >> TOUCH. 671 00:26:38,797 --> 00:26:39,531 >> USUALLY WHEN YOU THINK OF 672 00:26:39,597 --> 00:26:41,032 TOUCH, YOU THINK OF OBSERVING 673 00:26:41,099 --> 00:26:42,534 HOW THINGS FEEL WITH THE 674 00:26:42,600 --> 00:26:42,934 FINGERS. 675 00:26:43,001 --> 00:26:44,736 SINCE WE ARE FLOATING, WE ARE 676 00:26:44,803 --> 00:26:46,338 HAVING TO TOUCH AND GRAB ON TO 677 00:26:46,404 --> 00:26:47,739 OBJECTS EITHER USING OUR HANDS 678 00:26:47,806 --> 00:26:48,840 OR OUR FEET. 679 00:26:48,907 --> 00:26:51,042 YOU CAN USE YOUR FEET TO WALK UP 680 00:26:51,109 --> 00:26:52,444 HERE IF YOU CAREFULLY HOOKED 681 00:26:52,510 --> 00:26:54,379 THEM UNDER HANDRAILS AS YOU GO. 682 00:26:54,446 --> 00:26:56,181 THIS IS CHALLENGING SO WE LIKE 683 00:26:56,247 --> 00:26:57,482 TO USE OUR HANDS MORE THAN THE 684 00:26:57,549 --> 00:26:59,084 FEET UP HERE. 685 00:26:59,150 --> 00:27:00,785 WE OFTEN USE OUR HANDS TO MOVE 686 00:27:00,852 --> 00:27:02,988 ALONG AND CARRY OBJECTS WITH OUR 687 00:27:03,054 --> 00:27:10,695 LEGS. 688 00:27:10,762 --> 00:27:11,596 >> THANK FOR LEARNING ABOUT THE 689 00:27:11,663 --> 00:27:12,998 FIVE MAIN SENSES WITH ME TODAY. 690 00:27:13,064 --> 00:27:14,599 START THINKING ABOUT YOUR FIVE 691 00:27:14,666 --> 00:27:16,001 SENSES AND HOW THEY HELP YOU 692 00:27:16,067 --> 00:27:17,302 OBSERVE AND ADAPT TO YOUR 693 00:27:17,369 --> 00:27:19,504 ENVIRONMENT DOWN ON EARTH. 694 00:27:19,571 --> 00:27:35,320 SEE YOU NEXT TIME. 695 00:27:35,387 --> 00:27:36,421 >> IF YOU WANT ANOTHER LOOK AT 696 00:27:36,488 --> 00:27:37,822 ANY OF THE STORIES WHO HEED YOU 697 00:27:37,889 --> 00:27:39,524 TODAY, GO OVER TO YOUTUBE AND 698 00:27:39,591 --> 00:27:41,326 FACEBOOK AT THOSE ADDRESSES 699 00:27:41,393 --> 00:27:41,826 FLIGHTS. 700 00:27:41,893 --> 00:27:43,628 YOU WILL FINAL THEM ALL THERE 701 00:27:43,695 --> 00:27:45,030 ALONG WITH LOTS OF OTHER GREAT 702 00:27:45,096 --> 00:27:46,931 FEATURES ON A WIDE VARIETY OF 703 00:27:46,998 --> 00:27:47,832 NASA TOPICS. 704 00:27:47,899 --> 00:27:49,234 IF YOU LOOKING FOR GOOD 705 00:27:49,300 --> 00:27:50,335 CONVERSATION ABOUT HUMAN 706 00:27:50,402 --> 00:27:52,337 SPACEFLIGHT, CHECK OUT HOUSTON 707 00:27:52,404 --> 00:27:53,671 WE HAVE A PODCAST. 708 00:27:53,738 --> 00:27:55,173 OUR WEEKLY SHOW ABOUT ALL 709 00:27:55,240 --> 00:27:57,175 ASPECTS OF HUMAN SPACEFLIGHT AND 710 00:27:57,242 --> 00:27:59,477 NASA' MISSIONS OF EXPLORATION. 711 00:27:59,544 --> 00:28:03,181 TODAY, IN ALL GARY EPISODE OUR 712 00:28:03,248 --> 00:28:07,886 GARY JORDAN TALKS TO GARY COX OF 713 00:28:07,952 --> 00:28:09,487 THE PROGRAM OF WHERE THE CAMERAS 714 00:28:09,554 --> 00:28:11,089 ARE LOCATE ON THIS ORION 715 00:28:11,156 --> 00:28:11,790 SPACECRAFT. 716 00:28:11,856 --> 00:28:13,291 HOW THEY WORK AND WHAT WE'LL SEE 717 00:28:13,358 --> 00:28:15,794 BACK HERE ON EARTH WITH OUR OWN 718 00:28:15,860 --> 00:28:17,695 ICE WHEN ARTEMIS ONE FLIES LATER 719 00:28:17,762 --> 00:28:18,396 THIS YEAR. 720 00:28:18,463 --> 00:28:20,799 GO TO NASA. GOV/PODCAST FOR 721 00:28:20,865 --> 00:28:23,301 THIS WEEK'S SEWED AND THE 722 00:28:23,368 --> 00:28:24,803 PREVIOUS EPISODES, TOO. 723 00:28:24,869 --> 00:28:26,805 THE FULL LIBRARY OF ALL THE NASA 724 00:28:26,871 --> 00:28:29,507 PODCASTS ARE THERE AND ON APPLE 725 00:28:29,574 --> 00:28:30,408 PODCAST AND GOOGLE AND 726 00:28:30,475 --> 00:28:31,509 SOUNDCLOUD. 727 00:28:31,576 --> 00:28:32,811 YOU CAN GET THE LEAST FROM ALL 728 00:28:32,877 --> 00:28:35,013 OVER NASA DELIVERED TO YOU EVERY 729 00:28:35,080 --> 00:28:36,314 WEEK IF YOU GO TO 730 00:28:36,381 --> 00:28:39,517 NASA.GOV/SUBSCRIBE AND SIGN UP 731 00:28:39,584 --> 00:28:45,223 FOR THE NASA NEWSLETTER. 732 00:28:45,290 --> 00:28:45,623 ♪ 733 00:28:45,690 --> 00:28:46,024 ♪ ♪ 734 00:28:46,091 --> 00:28:46,157 ♪ 735 00:28:46,224 --> 00:28:56,034 ♪