1 00:00:06,973 --> 00:00:08,274 >> STATION, THIS IS HOUSTON. 2 00:00:08,341 --> 00:00:10,777 ARE YOU READY FOR THE EVENT? 3 00:00:12,679 --> 00:00:13,279 >> HOUSTON, 4 00:00:13,346 --> 00:00:17,417 WE ARE READY FOR THE EVENT. 5 00:00:17,484 --> 00:00:18,752 >> AL JAZEERA NETWORK, 6 00:00:18,818 --> 00:00:20,253 THIS IS MISSION CONTROL HOUSTON. 7 00:00:20,320 --> 00:00:21,421 PLEASE CALL STATION 8 00:00:21,488 --> 00:00:24,758 FOR A VOICE CHECK. 9 00:00:24,824 --> 00:00:26,659 >> COMMANDER THOMAS PESQUET, 10 00:00:26,726 --> 00:00:28,595 FLIGHT ENGINEER AKIHIKO HOSHIDE, 11 00:00:28,661 --> 00:00:29,996 CAN YOU HEAR US? 12 00:00:30,063 --> 00:00:33,833 THIS IS AL JAZEERA. 13 00:00:33,900 --> 00:00:34,434 >> WE CAN HEAR YOU 14 00:00:34,501 --> 00:00:35,201 LOUD AND CLEAR. 15 00:00:35,268 --> 00:00:37,203 CAN YOU HEAR US? 16 00:00:37,270 --> 00:00:38,338 >> I CAN HEAR YOU NOW. 17 00:00:38,405 --> 00:00:39,506 SO, I'D LIKE TO WELCOME YOU 18 00:00:39,572 --> 00:00:40,206 TO THIS INTERVIEW 19 00:00:40,273 --> 00:00:42,375 AND LET ME START BY ASKING YOU, 20 00:00:42,442 --> 00:00:43,309 TELL US MORE ABOUT 21 00:00:43,376 --> 00:00:45,345 THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION. 22 00:00:45,412 --> 00:00:47,947 THE SPEED, ORBIT, AND ALTITUDE. 23 00:00:48,014 --> 00:00:48,882 HOW WILL WE NEED 24 00:00:48,948 --> 00:00:52,819 [INDISCERNIBLE]? 25 00:00:57,457 --> 00:00:58,792 >> SO, ON THE SPACE STATION 26 00:00:58,858 --> 00:00:59,392 RIGHT HERE, 27 00:00:59,459 --> 00:01:00,527 WE'RE FLYING AT MORE THAN 28 00:01:00,593 --> 00:01:02,729 400 KILOMETERS ALTITUDE. 29 00:01:02,796 --> 00:01:03,863 WE ARE GOING AROUND THE EARTH 30 00:01:03,930 --> 00:01:05,598 IN ROUGHLY 90 MINUTES; 31 00:01:05,665 --> 00:01:07,734 SO, AN HOUR AND A HALF. 32 00:01:07,801 --> 00:01:08,601 AND WE ARE FLYING AT THE SPEED 33 00:01:08,668 --> 00:01:10,904 OF 28,000 KILOMETERS PER HOUR. 34 00:01:10,970 --> 00:01:11,871 SO, THAT'S PRETTY FAST. 35 00:01:11,938 --> 00:01:12,972 AND THAT'S THE SPEED 36 00:01:13,039 --> 00:01:13,640 THAT ENABLES US 37 00:01:13,706 --> 00:01:15,041 TO NOT FALL BACK ON EARTH 38 00:01:15,108 --> 00:01:16,910 BUT KEEP SPINNING INDEFINITELY. 39 00:01:16,976 --> 00:01:17,677 IT TOOK A LOT OF WORK 40 00:01:17,744 --> 00:01:18,678 TO ASSEMBLE THE SPACE STATION 41 00:01:18,745 --> 00:01:19,712 UP HERE IN SPACE, 42 00:01:19,779 --> 00:01:20,780 BUT IT'S BEAUTIFUL. 43 00:01:20,847 --> 00:01:22,015 IT'S VERY FUNCTIONAL 44 00:01:22,081 --> 00:01:24,584 AND WE ACHIEVE A LOT. 45 00:01:25,518 --> 00:01:26,853 >> SO, IF I COMPARED THAT SPEED 46 00:01:26,920 --> 00:01:28,121 TO A BULLET SPEED, 47 00:01:28,188 --> 00:01:31,391 HOW FAST ARE YOU GOING? 48 00:01:37,130 --> 00:01:37,964 >> WELL, COMPARED TO 49 00:01:38,031 --> 00:01:38,765 THE LIGHT SPEED, 50 00:01:38,832 --> 00:01:41,134 WE ARE JUST VERY, VERY SMALL, 51 00:01:41,201 --> 00:01:42,702 LIKE A SNAIL, I GUESS. 52 00:01:42,769 --> 00:01:44,070 BUT, YOU KNOW, 53 00:01:44,137 --> 00:01:46,206 WE CANNOT RECREATE THE SPEED 54 00:01:46,272 --> 00:01:47,740 THAT WE'RE GOING TO 55 00:01:47,807 --> 00:01:48,808 ON THE GROUND. 56 00:01:48,875 --> 00:01:50,109 IT'S-- WE'RE MUCH FASTER THAN 57 00:01:50,176 --> 00:01:51,644 THE SPEED OF A BULLET. 58 00:01:51,711 --> 00:01:54,214 AND THE ROCKETSHIP TAKES US 59 00:01:54,280 --> 00:01:55,281 TO THAT ALTITUDE 60 00:01:55,348 --> 00:01:59,452 AND ALSO THAT SPEED. 61 00:02:00,353 --> 00:02:00,987 >> CAN YOU SHARE WITH US 62 00:02:01,054 --> 00:02:01,788 SOME OF YOUR EXPERIENCE 63 00:02:01,855 --> 00:02:02,422 IN SPACE? 64 00:02:02,489 --> 00:02:03,289 HOW DO YOU LIVE IN THERE? 65 00:02:03,356 --> 00:02:05,391 WHAT'S YOUR DAILY ROUTINE? 66 00:02:05,458 --> 00:02:06,359 DO YOU EAT LIKE US, 67 00:02:06,426 --> 00:02:07,026 SHOWER LIKE US? 68 00:02:07,093 --> 00:02:10,463 HOW DOES THIS WORK? 69 00:02:18,571 --> 00:02:20,206 >> SO, EVERY DAY WE -- 70 00:02:20,273 --> 00:02:21,074 WE WORK EVERY DAY 71 00:02:21,140 --> 00:02:23,076 EXCEPT ON SUNDAYS. 72 00:02:23,142 --> 00:02:23,943 WE HAVE PRETTY FULL DAYS. 73 00:02:24,010 --> 00:02:25,111 WE DO TWO HOURS AND A HALF 74 00:02:25,178 --> 00:02:26,246 OF EXERCISE EVERY DAY 75 00:02:26,312 --> 00:02:27,080 TO STAY IN GOOD SHAPE 76 00:02:27,146 --> 00:02:27,647 BECAUSE WE'RE NOT 77 00:02:27,714 --> 00:02:28,314 USING OUR MUSCLES 78 00:02:28,381 --> 00:02:30,116 AS MUCH AS ON EARTH. 79 00:02:30,183 --> 00:02:31,584 WE HAVE OUR MEALS TOGETHER, 80 00:02:31,651 --> 00:02:32,619 JUST LIKE ON THE GROUND. 81 00:02:32,685 --> 00:02:33,253 WE'RE A SMALL 82 00:02:33,319 --> 00:02:34,153 LITTLE FAMILY UP HERE. 83 00:02:34,220 --> 00:02:35,488 BREAKFAST, LUNCH, DINNER. 84 00:02:35,555 --> 00:02:37,290 AND THEN MOST OF THEM TIME, 85 00:02:37,357 --> 00:02:38,358 WHEN WE'RE NOT EXERCISING, 86 00:02:38,424 --> 00:02:39,259 WHEN WE'RE NOT DOING 87 00:02:39,325 --> 00:02:40,026 A SPACE WALK 88 00:02:40,093 --> 00:02:40,827 OR THINGS LIKE THAT, 89 00:02:40,894 --> 00:02:42,662 WE'RE DOING RESEARCH BECAUSE 90 00:02:42,729 --> 00:02:43,730 THAT'S WHAT THE SPACE STATION 91 00:02:43,796 --> 00:02:45,031 IS PARTICULARLY GOOD FOR. 92 00:02:45,098 --> 00:02:45,965 AND WE HAVE TONS OF 93 00:02:46,032 --> 00:02:47,333 RESEARCH EXPERIMENTS UP HERE. 94 00:02:47,400 --> 00:02:48,134 MAYBE WE CAN TALK ABOUT 95 00:02:48,201 --> 00:02:50,570 A COUPLE. 96 00:02:50,637 --> 00:02:51,471 >> SO, RIGHT NOW I'M WEARING 97 00:02:51,538 --> 00:02:52,705 A COUPLE OF EQUIPMENT 98 00:02:52,772 --> 00:02:53,606 ON MY BODY. 99 00:02:53,673 --> 00:02:54,841 AND IT -- 100 00:02:54,908 --> 00:02:56,476 THIS IS PART OF AN EXPERIMENT. 101 00:02:56,543 --> 00:02:58,011 AND BASICALLY, SINCE WE'RE IN 102 00:02:58,077 --> 00:03:00,880 MICROGRAVITY ENVIRONMENT, 103 00:03:00,947 --> 00:03:02,015 YOU CAN LEARN ABOUT 104 00:03:02,081 --> 00:03:03,583 THE HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY 105 00:03:03,650 --> 00:03:05,685 BY THE LACK OF GRAVITY. 106 00:03:05,752 --> 00:03:09,088 WE CAN FIGURE OUT ABOUT 107 00:03:09,155 --> 00:03:10,823 WHEN WE GO TO FURTHER 108 00:03:10,890 --> 00:03:12,158 TO THE MOON OR MARS. 109 00:03:12,225 --> 00:03:12,825 AND ALSO, 110 00:03:12,892 --> 00:03:16,162 BECAUSE WE UNDERSTAND BETTER 111 00:03:16,229 --> 00:03:17,764 ABOUT HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY. 112 00:03:17,830 --> 00:03:21,768 WE USE THAT KNOWLEDGE 113 00:03:21,834 --> 00:03:22,869 TO HELP OUR EVERYDAY LIFE 114 00:03:22,936 --> 00:03:26,372 ON EARTH. 115 00:03:27,273 --> 00:03:27,907 >> HOW ABOUT YOUR MISSION? 116 00:03:27,974 --> 00:03:29,542 CAN YOU TELL US MORE ABOUT 117 00:03:29,609 --> 00:03:30,677 THE MISSION YOU HAVE RIGHT NOW 118 00:03:30,743 --> 00:03:31,311 IN THE INTERNATIONAL 119 00:03:31,377 --> 00:03:35,848 SPACE STATION? 120 00:03:35,915 --> 00:03:37,450 >> SO, THAT MISSION 121 00:03:37,517 --> 00:03:39,485 IS A ROTATION ONBOARD, 122 00:03:39,552 --> 00:03:40,553 A TOUR OF DUTY 123 00:03:40,620 --> 00:03:41,387 ONBOARD THE SPACE STATION. 124 00:03:41,454 --> 00:03:42,055 THE SPACE STATION 125 00:03:42,121 --> 00:03:42,956 HAS BEEN INHABITED 126 00:03:43,022 --> 00:03:44,424 FOR MORE THAN 20 YEARS NOW. 127 00:03:44,490 --> 00:03:45,792 THERE'S BEEN CREWS -- 128 00:03:45,858 --> 00:03:46,492 THE MINIMUM HAS BEEN 129 00:03:46,559 --> 00:03:47,727 TWO PERSONS ONBOARD; 130 00:03:47,794 --> 00:03:49,896 THE MAXIMUM HAS BEEN 13. 131 00:03:49,963 --> 00:03:50,930 RIGHT NOW, WE'RE AT 10. 132 00:03:50,997 --> 00:03:53,733 SO, WE'RE AT HIGH OCCUPANCY. 133 00:03:53,800 --> 00:03:55,435 AND WE LAUNCHED IN APRIL. 134 00:03:55,501 --> 00:03:56,669 IT FEELS LIKE AGES AGO. 135 00:03:56,736 --> 00:03:57,337 IT FEELS LIKE 136 00:03:57,403 --> 00:03:58,071 WE WERE DIFFERENT PERSONS 137 00:03:58,137 --> 00:03:58,871 AT THE TIME BECAUSE 138 00:03:58,938 --> 00:03:59,806 WE'VE BEEN HERE FOR SO LONG. 139 00:03:59,872 --> 00:04:00,506 BUT WE'VE BEEN HERE 140 00:04:00,573 --> 00:04:01,341 FOR FIVE MONTHS, 141 00:04:01,407 --> 00:04:03,309 A LITTLE BIT MORE. 142 00:04:03,376 --> 00:04:05,011 AND LIKE I SAID, 143 00:04:05,078 --> 00:04:06,212 AND LIKE AKIHIKO DEMONSTRATED, 144 00:04:06,279 --> 00:04:07,146 WE'VE DONE A LOT OF RESEARCH. 145 00:04:07,213 --> 00:04:08,715 HUNDREDS OF RESEARCH EXPERIMENTS 146 00:04:08,781 --> 00:04:10,583 FROM ALL AROUND THE WORLD. 147 00:04:10,650 --> 00:04:11,317 BUT WE ALSO TRY TO 148 00:04:11,384 --> 00:04:12,485 KEEP THE SHIP -- 149 00:04:12,552 --> 00:04:13,453 THE SHIP AFLOAT 150 00:04:13,519 --> 00:04:14,320 AND MAKE IT BETTER. 151 00:04:14,387 --> 00:04:14,887 SO, WE'VE DONE 152 00:04:14,954 --> 00:04:15,588 A LOT OF UPGRADES. 153 00:04:15,655 --> 00:04:17,323 WE'VE UPGRADED OUR POWER SYSTEM 154 00:04:17,390 --> 00:04:17,991 ON THE STATION, 155 00:04:18,057 --> 00:04:19,859 WE'VE INSTALLED NEW SOLAR RAYS 156 00:04:19,926 --> 00:04:20,760 ON THE OUTSIDE. 157 00:04:20,827 --> 00:04:22,095 WE'VE UPGRADED THE NETWORK 158 00:04:22,161 --> 00:04:23,129 ON THE INSIDE. 159 00:04:23,196 --> 00:04:23,863 SO, IT'S A LOT OF 160 00:04:23,930 --> 00:04:24,597 MAINTENANCE WORK, 161 00:04:24,664 --> 00:04:25,598 A LOT OF UPGRADES, 162 00:04:25,665 --> 00:04:26,299 A LOT OF SCIENCE, 163 00:04:26,366 --> 00:04:27,500 A LOT OF RESEARCH. 164 00:04:27,567 --> 00:04:29,435 FOUR EVA'S -- 165 00:04:29,502 --> 00:04:31,437 WE'VE DONE FOUR SPACE WALKS. 166 00:04:31,504 --> 00:04:32,572 A LOT OF CARGO VEHICLES 167 00:04:32,639 --> 00:04:34,340 CAME AND WENT, 168 00:04:34,407 --> 00:04:35,942 BRINGING US OUR RESUPPLIES. 169 00:04:36,009 --> 00:04:36,776 AND THAT'S GOING TO 170 00:04:36,843 --> 00:04:37,510 SLOWLY BRING US 171 00:04:37,577 --> 00:04:38,311 TO THE END OF THE MISSION. 172 00:04:38,378 --> 00:04:39,879 WE HAVE A COUPLE OF MILESTONES 173 00:04:39,946 --> 00:04:41,047 STILL TO GET TO, 174 00:04:41,114 --> 00:04:42,081 BUT IN A FEW WEEKS, 175 00:04:42,148 --> 00:04:44,984 WE'LL BE BACK HOME. 176 00:04:45,051 --> 00:04:45,952 >> SO, YOU HAVE A VIEW 177 00:04:46,019 --> 00:04:46,786 OF OUR PLANET 178 00:04:46,853 --> 00:04:47,887 THAT FEW PEOPLE 179 00:04:47,954 --> 00:04:49,188 WILL EVER EXPERIENCE. 180 00:04:49,255 --> 00:04:50,456 HOW DO YOU -- 181 00:04:50,523 --> 00:04:51,557 FROM THAT PERSPECTIVE, 182 00:04:51,624 --> 00:04:52,625 HAS THAT PERSPECTIVE 183 00:04:52,692 --> 00:04:53,960 CHANGED YOUR THINKING 184 00:04:54,027 --> 00:04:56,929 ABOUT CLIMATE CHANGE? 185 00:04:59,632 --> 00:05:00,333 >> YEAH, THAT'S A VERY 186 00:05:00,400 --> 00:05:01,267 GOOD POINT. 187 00:05:01,334 --> 00:05:01,868 SO, WE HAVE 188 00:05:01,934 --> 00:05:04,203 THE UNIQUE POSITION -- 189 00:05:04,270 --> 00:05:05,672 WE'RE IN A UNIQUE POSITION 190 00:05:05,738 --> 00:05:06,572 AND VANTAGE POINT 191 00:05:06,639 --> 00:05:08,041 TO SEE THE EARTH 192 00:05:08,107 --> 00:05:09,275 FROM OUR WINDOW. 193 00:05:09,342 --> 00:05:10,276 WE HAVE A COUPLE OF WINDOWS 194 00:05:10,343 --> 00:05:11,377 THAT'S FACING TOWARDS 195 00:05:11,444 --> 00:05:13,012 THE BOTTOM SIDE OF THE -- 196 00:05:13,079 --> 00:05:16,049 OUR INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION. 197 00:05:16,115 --> 00:05:17,617 SO, IT'S POINTING TOWARDS EARTH 198 00:05:17,684 --> 00:05:19,018 AND WE CAN SEE THE EARTH 199 00:05:19,085 --> 00:05:21,287 ROTATING UNDER US 200 00:05:21,354 --> 00:05:25,958 AND SEE THE OCEAN, THE FOREST, 201 00:05:26,025 --> 00:05:27,026 THE NIGHT AND DAY, 202 00:05:27,093 --> 00:05:29,462 ALL THE CITIES, AND WHATNOT. 203 00:05:29,529 --> 00:05:31,964 SO, WHEN WE LOOK AT IT, 204 00:05:32,031 --> 00:05:34,333 YOU KNOW, WE CAN SEE THE FIRE 205 00:05:34,400 --> 00:05:35,735 IN CALIFORNIA. 206 00:05:35,802 --> 00:05:37,270 WE CAN SEE VOLCANOES; 207 00:05:37,336 --> 00:05:39,706 WE CAN SEE TYPHOONS OR -- 208 00:05:39,772 --> 00:05:41,641 OR BIG HURRICANES. 209 00:05:41,708 --> 00:05:44,644 AND THAT CAN GIVE US A MORE -- 210 00:05:44,711 --> 00:05:45,712 A BETTER APPRECIATION 211 00:05:45,778 --> 00:05:47,880 AND THE MAGNITUDE 212 00:05:47,947 --> 00:05:50,216 OF ALL THE DISASTERS. 213 00:05:50,283 --> 00:05:52,452 AND ALSO, I THINK 214 00:05:52,518 --> 00:05:54,520 WHEN WE WERE ON THE GROUND, 215 00:05:54,587 --> 00:05:55,588 YOU KNOW, ATMOSPHERE-- 216 00:05:55,655 --> 00:05:56,689 AIR IS EVERYWHERE. 217 00:05:56,756 --> 00:05:59,225 SO, IT FEELS LIKE IT'S INFINITE. 218 00:05:59,292 --> 00:06:00,460 BUT FROM UP HERE, 219 00:06:00,526 --> 00:06:02,295 WE KNOW THAT IT'S FINITE. 220 00:06:02,361 --> 00:06:04,297 AND YOU CAN SEE THE -- 221 00:06:04,363 --> 00:06:05,832 THE HUGE SPACE. 222 00:06:05,898 --> 00:06:07,533 AND THE EARTH IS REALLY, 223 00:06:07,600 --> 00:06:09,135 REALLY CONTAINED. 224 00:06:09,202 --> 00:06:10,269 SO, WE KIND OF -- 225 00:06:10,336 --> 00:06:11,204 I KIND OF HAVE 226 00:06:11,270 --> 00:06:12,605 A BETTER APPRECIATION 227 00:06:12,672 --> 00:06:13,840 OF ALL THE ATMOSPHERE, 228 00:06:13,906 --> 00:06:15,041 THE LIMITED ATMOSPHERE 229 00:06:15,108 --> 00:06:20,246 THAT WE HAVE ON THE EARTH. 230 00:06:21,314 --> 00:06:22,014 >> SO, CLIMATE CHANGE 231 00:06:22,081 --> 00:06:22,749 TO ALL OF YOU 232 00:06:22,815 --> 00:06:24,016 IS NOT JUST A THEORY, 233 00:06:24,083 --> 00:06:24,851 BUT A REALITY 234 00:06:24,917 --> 00:06:26,786 THAT YOU CAN SEE FROM SPACE. 235 00:06:26,853 --> 00:06:28,688 CAN YOU TALK OF-TALK OF 236 00:06:28,755 --> 00:06:30,590 SOME MORE LESSONS 237 00:06:30,656 --> 00:06:31,791 THAT YOU LEARNED 238 00:06:31,858 --> 00:06:36,496 FROM SPACE ABOUT CLIMATE CHANGE? 239 00:06:36,562 --> 00:06:38,231 >> YEAH. SO, YOU KNOW THAT 240 00:06:38,297 --> 00:06:38,931 ESSENTIALLY FROM SPACE, 241 00:06:38,998 --> 00:06:40,433 THAT YOU CAN OBSERVE 242 00:06:40,500 --> 00:06:43,269 ALL THE CLIMATE VARIABLES LIKE 243 00:06:43,336 --> 00:06:44,370 THE HEIGHT OF THE SEA, 244 00:06:44,437 --> 00:06:46,139 TEMPERATURE OF THE SEA, 245 00:06:46,205 --> 00:06:47,940 MEASURE GASES IN THE ATMOSPHERE 246 00:06:48,007 --> 00:06:48,875 ALL ACROSS THE WORLD. 247 00:06:48,941 --> 00:06:49,776 WE DON'T HAVE, YOU KNOW, 248 00:06:49,842 --> 00:06:50,743 SHIPS EVERYWHERE, 249 00:06:50,810 --> 00:06:51,677 WE DON'T HAVE 250 00:06:51,744 --> 00:06:53,012 TEMPERATURE SENSORS 251 00:06:53,079 --> 00:06:54,113 EVERYWHERE ON THE PLANET, 252 00:06:54,180 --> 00:06:55,281 BUT WE HAVE SATELLITES 253 00:06:55,348 --> 00:06:55,848 THAT ACTUALLY 254 00:06:55,915 --> 00:06:56,849 REPEAT THEIR TRAJECTORIES 255 00:06:56,916 --> 00:06:57,550 OVER AND OVER 256 00:06:57,617 --> 00:06:58,584 AND THAT ACTUALLY 257 00:06:58,651 --> 00:06:59,585 COVER THE ENTIRE GLOBE. 258 00:06:59,652 --> 00:07:00,853 AND THAT'S HOW WE CAN CONCLUDE; 259 00:07:00,920 --> 00:07:01,721 THAT'S HOW YOU SEE 260 00:07:01,788 --> 00:07:02,355 THOSE PHENOMENON 261 00:07:02,421 --> 00:07:03,256 THAT ARE GLOBAL. 262 00:07:03,322 --> 00:07:04,223 AND THAT'S HOW THE SCIENTISTS 263 00:07:04,290 --> 00:07:05,258 GET THE DATA AND 264 00:07:05,324 --> 00:07:06,225 THEY CAN CONCLUDE ON -- 265 00:07:06,292 --> 00:07:07,226 ON CLIMATE CHANGE. 266 00:07:07,293 --> 00:07:08,060 SO, THIS IS THE MISSION 267 00:07:08,127 --> 00:07:09,562 FOR SATELLITES 268 00:07:09,629 --> 00:07:10,997 AND OTHER OBSERVATION PLATFORMS. 269 00:07:11,063 --> 00:07:11,964 HERE ON 270 00:07:12,031 --> 00:07:13,466 THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION 271 00:07:13,533 --> 00:07:14,333 ON THE HUMAN MISSION, 272 00:07:14,400 --> 00:07:15,268 WE DO OUR SHARE. 273 00:07:15,334 --> 00:07:16,202 WE HAVE A COUPLE OF INSTRUMENTS 274 00:07:16,269 --> 00:07:19,172 LOOKING OUT FOR CLIMATE DATA. 275 00:07:19,238 --> 00:07:20,606 WE HAVE OUR OWN POINT OF VIEW, 276 00:07:20,673 --> 00:07:21,440 OUR OWN PERSPECTIVE. 277 00:07:21,507 --> 00:07:22,909 LIKE AKI WAS SHARING, 278 00:07:22,975 --> 00:07:24,210 YOU CAN LOOK OVER THE YEARS. 279 00:07:24,277 --> 00:07:25,444 WE'VE BEEN FLYING FOR 20 YEARS. 280 00:07:25,511 --> 00:07:26,679 YOU CAN LOOK AT THE GLACIERS, 281 00:07:26,746 --> 00:07:28,514 YOU SEE THEM RETREATING. 282 00:07:28,581 --> 00:07:30,149 YOU CAN SEE -- 283 00:07:30,216 --> 00:07:30,817 COUNT THE NEGATIVE SIDE 284 00:07:30,883 --> 00:07:31,450 OF HUMAN ACTIVITY. 285 00:07:31,517 --> 00:07:32,552 SOMETIMES THE CUTS 286 00:07:32,618 --> 00:07:33,419 IN THE FOREST, 287 00:07:33,486 --> 00:07:34,554 THE POLLUTION. 288 00:07:34,620 --> 00:07:35,988 LIKE AKI WAS POINTING TO, 289 00:07:36,055 --> 00:07:37,590 YOU CAN ALSO SEE VERY CLEARLY 290 00:07:37,657 --> 00:07:39,425 WITH THE NAKED EYE THE -- 291 00:07:39,492 --> 00:07:41,194 JUST THE RISE IN MAGNITUDE 292 00:07:41,260 --> 00:07:42,728 AND FREQUENCY OF 293 00:07:42,795 --> 00:07:44,096 THOSE CLIMATE DISASTERS 294 00:07:44,163 --> 00:07:45,631 LIKE THE MASSIVE STORMS 295 00:07:45,698 --> 00:07:46,866 THAT WE SEE FROM UP HERE. 296 00:07:46,933 --> 00:07:47,934 SO, IT REALLY GIVES YOU 297 00:07:48,000 --> 00:07:48,601 A PERSPECTIVE. 298 00:07:48,668 --> 00:07:49,202 IT REALLY GIVES YOU 299 00:07:49,268 --> 00:07:49,969 A BETTER APPRECIATION 300 00:07:50,036 --> 00:07:50,837 OF THE FRAGILITY 301 00:07:50,903 --> 00:07:52,071 OF THE PLANET. 302 00:07:52,138 --> 00:07:52,872 I DON'T -- 303 00:07:52,939 --> 00:07:53,873 I HAVE NEVER MET AN ASTRONAUT 304 00:07:53,940 --> 00:07:54,974 THAT CAME BACK TO EARTH 305 00:07:55,041 --> 00:07:56,042 EXACTLY THE SAME. 306 00:07:56,108 --> 00:07:57,076 WE ALL ARE A LITTLE BIT 307 00:07:57,143 --> 00:07:58,411 CHANGED BY THIS AND THEN WE -- 308 00:07:58,477 --> 00:07:59,412 WE WANT TO SHARE THIS -- 309 00:07:59,478 --> 00:08:00,947 THIS PERSPECTIVE WITH 310 00:08:01,013 --> 00:08:04,083 WHOEVER IS GOING TO LISTEN. 311 00:08:04,150 --> 00:08:05,451 >> SO, YOU'VE SPOKEN ABOUT 312 00:08:05,518 --> 00:08:06,853 WALKING IN SPACE AND CAN YOU -- 313 00:08:06,919 --> 00:08:08,888 CAN YOU TELL US 314 00:08:08,955 --> 00:08:09,889 ABOUT THIS EXPERIMENT? 315 00:08:09,956 --> 00:08:12,058 HOW DANGEROUS, COMPARED TO YOU 316 00:08:12,124 --> 00:08:13,860 BEING INSIDE THE INTERNATIONAL 317 00:08:13,926 --> 00:08:17,196 SPACE STATION ITSELF? 318 00:08:21,033 --> 00:08:22,602 >> SO, INSIDE THE SPACE STATION, 319 00:08:22,668 --> 00:08:24,370 WE'RE JUST LIVING LIKE -- 320 00:08:24,437 --> 00:08:25,204 LIKE THIS. 321 00:08:25,271 --> 00:08:25,771 RIGHT? 322 00:08:25,838 --> 00:08:27,073 EVERYDAY CLOTHING, 323 00:08:27,139 --> 00:08:28,274 JUST LIKE ON THE GROUND. 324 00:08:28,341 --> 00:08:30,743 WE EAT, WE DRINK, YOU KNOW, 325 00:08:30,810 --> 00:08:32,879 JUICE, COFFEE. 326 00:08:32,945 --> 00:08:35,381 AND WE JUST WORK 327 00:08:35,448 --> 00:08:36,382 AROUND THE CLOCK. 328 00:08:36,449 --> 00:08:39,085 AND ENJOY EACH OTHER'S COMPANY. 329 00:08:39,151 --> 00:08:41,387 BUT OUTSIDE, IT'S -- 330 00:08:41,454 --> 00:08:43,956 THE SPACESUIT IS ACTUALLY 331 00:08:44,023 --> 00:08:47,326 ONE VERY TINY SPACECRAFT. 332 00:08:47,393 --> 00:08:47,960 SO, YOU'VE GOT 333 00:08:48,027 --> 00:08:49,629 YOUR LIFE SUPPORT SYSTEM, 334 00:08:49,695 --> 00:08:50,496 YOU'VE GOT YOUR RADIO, 335 00:08:50,563 --> 00:08:51,364 YOU'VE GOT YOUR BATTERY 336 00:08:51,430 --> 00:08:52,198 FOR ENERGY, 337 00:08:52,265 --> 00:08:53,566 YOU'VE GOT YOUR OXYGEN. 338 00:08:53,633 --> 00:08:57,036 AND CARBON DIOXIDE SCRUBBER, 339 00:08:57,103 --> 00:08:57,603 AS WELL. 340 00:08:57,670 --> 00:08:59,839 SO, EVERYTHING IS CONTAINED 341 00:08:59,906 --> 00:09:03,376 IN THAT VERY TINY SPACESHIP. 342 00:09:03,442 --> 00:09:05,611 AND IT IS DANGEROUS. 343 00:09:05,678 --> 00:09:06,445 YOU KNOW, YOU'RE STEPPING OUT 344 00:09:06,512 --> 00:09:07,480 THE AIRLOCK. 345 00:09:07,546 --> 00:09:09,382 TOM AND I WENT OUT 346 00:09:09,448 --> 00:09:11,284 JUST A FEW WEEKS AGO. 347 00:09:11,350 --> 00:09:12,852 BUT WE WERE VERY CAUTIOUS 348 00:09:12,919 --> 00:09:14,620 BECAUSE ONE LITTLE MISTAKE 349 00:09:14,687 --> 00:09:16,923 COULD LEAD TO A VERY, 350 00:09:16,989 --> 00:09:20,092 VERY SERIOUS SITUATION. 351 00:09:20,159 --> 00:09:22,695 SO, WE DO TAKE IT SERIOUSLY. 352 00:09:22,762 --> 00:09:24,063 BUT AT THE SAME TIME, 353 00:09:24,130 --> 00:09:27,266 THE VIEW FROM OUTSIDE, 354 00:09:27,333 --> 00:09:29,135 WITHOUT ANY PROTECTION, 355 00:09:29,201 --> 00:09:33,773 IS ALSO VERY REWARDING, AS WELL. 356 00:09:33,839 --> 00:09:35,574 >> SO, CAN YOU WALK US THROUGH 357 00:09:35,641 --> 00:09:36,742 SOME EXPERIMENTS? 358 00:09:36,809 --> 00:09:38,010 CAN YOU SHOW US SOME EXPERIMENTS 359 00:09:38,077 --> 00:09:38,644 IN SPACE? 360 00:09:38,711 --> 00:09:39,879 I'VE SEEN YOUR TWITTER ACCOUNTS 361 00:09:39,946 --> 00:09:40,880 AND YOU WERE TALKING ABOUT 362 00:09:40,947 --> 00:09:42,848 SOME SPINNING -- 363 00:09:42,915 --> 00:09:44,016 SPINNING SOME OBJECTS 364 00:09:44,083 --> 00:09:46,352 TO COMPARE ON EARTH VERSUS -- 365 00:09:46,419 --> 00:09:48,287 VERSUS IN MICROGRAVITY 366 00:09:48,354 --> 00:09:49,055 SITUATIONS. 367 00:09:49,121 --> 00:09:50,056 I WOULD LOVE TO SEE 368 00:09:50,122 --> 00:09:54,894 SOME EXPERIMENTS HERE. 369 00:09:54,961 --> 00:09:55,461 >> YEAH. 370 00:09:55,528 --> 00:09:56,128 SO, LIKE HE WAS SAYING, 371 00:09:56,195 --> 00:09:57,697 THERE'S A FEW EXPERIMENTS 372 00:09:57,763 --> 00:09:58,564 ON PHYSIOLOGY. 373 00:09:58,631 --> 00:10:00,199 WE DO MATERIAL SCIENCE, 374 00:10:00,266 --> 00:10:01,634 MEDICINE, 375 00:10:01,701 --> 00:10:02,902 BECAUSE VIRUSES REACT 376 00:10:02,969 --> 00:10:04,303 DIFFERENTLY IN SPACE, SO WE -- 377 00:10:04,370 --> 00:10:05,338 WE STUDY VACCINES 378 00:10:05,404 --> 00:10:07,707 AND THINGS LIKE THAT. 379 00:10:07,773 --> 00:10:10,409 CRYSTALS, FOAMS AND EMULSIONS, 380 00:10:10,476 --> 00:10:11,877 A LOT OF DIFFERENT 381 00:10:11,944 --> 00:10:12,678 RESOURCE FIELDS. 382 00:10:12,745 --> 00:10:14,347 COMBUSTION, IT'S REALLY, 383 00:10:14,413 --> 00:10:15,047 REALLY INTERESTING. 384 00:10:15,114 --> 00:10:15,614 EVERY DAY 385 00:10:15,681 --> 00:10:16,282 WE DO SOMETHING DIFFERENT. 386 00:10:16,349 --> 00:10:18,317 HERE WE HAVE A GOOD EXAMPLE. 387 00:10:18,384 --> 00:10:19,085 THIS IS -- 388 00:10:19,151 --> 00:10:20,186 THIS IS CALLED ASTROBEE. 389 00:10:20,252 --> 00:10:22,288 THIS IS AN AUTONOMOUS FREE -- 390 00:10:22,355 --> 00:10:23,356 FREE FLYING, 391 00:10:23,422 --> 00:10:24,890 FREE FLOATING ROBOT. 392 00:10:24,957 --> 00:10:25,725 AND OBVIOUSLY, 393 00:10:25,791 --> 00:10:26,692 FOR OBVIOUS REASONS 394 00:10:26,759 --> 00:10:27,693 YOU CAN ONLY DO THIS ONBOARD 395 00:10:27,760 --> 00:10:28,561 THE SPACE STATION. 396 00:10:28,627 --> 00:10:31,230 BUT-BUT WE'RE TRYING IT OUT 397 00:10:31,297 --> 00:10:32,398 AND WE'RE TRYING TO UNDERSTAND 398 00:10:32,465 --> 00:10:33,366 WHAT IT TAKES FOR 399 00:10:33,432 --> 00:10:34,367 THAT KIND OF ROBOT 400 00:10:34,433 --> 00:10:36,302 TO HELP US OUT ON -- 401 00:10:36,369 --> 00:10:37,203 ON FUTURE MISSIONS 402 00:10:37,269 --> 00:10:38,270 WHEN WE GO FURTHER -- 403 00:10:38,337 --> 00:10:40,072 FURTHER AWAY INTO SPACE 404 00:10:40,139 --> 00:10:41,007 WHERE WE NEED TO BE 405 00:10:41,073 --> 00:10:42,041 MORE INDEPENDENT 406 00:10:42,108 --> 00:10:42,875 FROM THE GROUND 407 00:10:42,942 --> 00:10:43,676 AND ALL THE HELP WE GET 408 00:10:43,743 --> 00:10:44,877 FROM THE CONTROL CENTER. 409 00:10:44,944 --> 00:10:46,312 THEN WE'LL NEED THAT KIND OF 410 00:10:46,379 --> 00:10:48,414 TECHNOLOGY TO HELP US OUT. 411 00:10:48,481 --> 00:10:49,181 IF YOU'VE WATCHED SOME 412 00:10:49,248 --> 00:10:50,216 SCIENCE FICTION MOVIES, 413 00:10:50,282 --> 00:10:51,283 THERE'S ALWAYS A ROBOT 414 00:10:51,350 --> 00:10:51,951 THAT'S RIGHT THERE 415 00:10:52,018 --> 00:10:52,685 TO HELP THE -- 416 00:10:52,752 --> 00:10:53,886 THE HUMAN CHARACTERS. 417 00:10:53,953 --> 00:10:55,121 WELL, WE HAVE OUR OWN, 418 00:10:55,187 --> 00:10:56,856 IT'S CALLED ASTROBEE. 419 00:10:56,922 --> 00:10:58,391 AND SO, ONCE IN A WHILE WE'RE -- 420 00:10:58,457 --> 00:10:59,425 WE'RE PLAYING WITH IT, 421 00:10:59,492 --> 00:11:00,459 WE'RE ACTUALLY WORKING WITH IT, 422 00:11:00,526 --> 00:11:01,293 BUT IT'S FUN. 423 00:11:01,360 --> 00:11:02,194 SO, THAT'S ONE EXAMPLE 424 00:11:02,261 --> 00:11:03,629 OF TECHNOLOGY DEMO. 425 00:11:03,696 --> 00:11:04,497 AND LIKE I SAID, 426 00:11:04,563 --> 00:11:05,631 THERE'S HUNDREDS OF EXPERIMENTS 427 00:11:05,698 --> 00:11:06,232 OVER THE COURSE 428 00:11:06,298 --> 00:11:09,769 OF A SIX-MONTH MISSION. 429 00:11:10,803 --> 00:11:11,771 >> SO, DO YOU HAVE ANY MESSAGE 430 00:11:11,837 --> 00:11:12,905 FOR AL JAZEERA AUDIENCE 431 00:11:12,972 --> 00:11:13,572 THAT YOU WOULD 432 00:11:13,639 --> 00:11:16,709 LIKE TO SEND FROM SPACE? 433 00:11:22,415 --> 00:11:23,416 >> SO, YOU KNOW, 434 00:11:23,482 --> 00:11:25,251 INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION IS-- 435 00:11:25,317 --> 00:11:27,720 THERE'S 15 COUNTRIES 436 00:11:27,787 --> 00:11:28,888 PARTICIPATING. 437 00:11:28,954 --> 00:11:29,955 WE HAVE THE UNITED STATES, 438 00:11:30,022 --> 00:11:31,357 RUSSIA, 439 00:11:31,424 --> 00:11:32,625 ALL THE EUROPEAN COUNTRIES, 440 00:11:32,691 --> 00:11:34,393 JAPAN, AND CANADA 441 00:11:34,460 --> 00:11:35,628 ALL ARE PARTICIPATING 442 00:11:35,694 --> 00:11:36,829 IN BUILDING THIS 443 00:11:36,896 --> 00:11:38,330 AND OPERATING AND 444 00:11:38,397 --> 00:11:40,599 UTILIZING THIS SPACE STATION. 445 00:11:40,666 --> 00:11:43,469 IT'S A VERY UNIQUE PLACE 446 00:11:43,536 --> 00:11:44,637 WITH MICROGRAVITY 447 00:11:44,703 --> 00:11:45,905 AND ALSO THE VANTAGE POINT, 448 00:11:45,971 --> 00:11:47,039 LIKE I MENTIONED, 449 00:11:47,106 --> 00:11:47,907 YOU CAN SEE THE EARTH 450 00:11:47,973 --> 00:11:48,908 FROM UP HERE 451 00:11:48,974 --> 00:11:52,244 AND OBSERVE AND STUDY IT. 452 00:11:52,311 --> 00:11:54,180 AND RIGHT NOW, IT'S JUST, 453 00:11:54,246 --> 00:11:55,314 YOU KNOW, SEVEN OF US. 454 00:11:55,381 --> 00:11:56,115 RIGHT NOW, 455 00:11:56,182 --> 00:11:57,383 WE HAVE 10 PEOPLE ONBOARD 456 00:11:57,450 --> 00:11:59,518 THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION, 457 00:11:59,585 --> 00:12:01,020 BUT VERY SOON, 458 00:12:01,087 --> 00:12:01,654 I THINK 459 00:12:01,720 --> 00:12:03,689 ALL THE PRIVATE SECTOR COMPANIES 460 00:12:03,756 --> 00:12:05,791 ARE GETTING READY TO 461 00:12:05,858 --> 00:12:08,661 SEND MORE PEOPLE UP TO SPACE. 462 00:12:08,727 --> 00:12:10,229 SO, WE WELCOME YOU 463 00:12:10,296 --> 00:12:11,764 AND HOPE EVERYONE 464 00:12:11,831 --> 00:12:14,533 CAN COOPERATE INTERNATIONALLY 465 00:12:14,600 --> 00:12:16,535 TO MAKE SPACE 466 00:12:16,602 --> 00:12:20,272 AND EARTH A BETTER PLACE. 467 00:12:21,740 --> 00:12:24,810 >> AND COMMANDER THOMAS, 468 00:12:24,877 --> 00:12:25,744 DO YOU HAVE ANY MESSAGE 469 00:12:25,811 --> 00:12:27,346 FOR MIDDLE EAST AUDIENCE 470 00:12:27,413 --> 00:12:28,547 FOR AL JAZEERA? 471 00:12:28,614 --> 00:12:29,415 IT WOULD BE GREAT TO HEAR YOU 472 00:12:29,482 --> 00:12:31,350 GIVING THE MESSAGE AS WELL AS -- 473 00:12:31,417 --> 00:12:36,188 AS MR. AKI DID. 474 00:12:36,255 --> 00:12:36,989 >> YEAH, ABSOLUTELY. 475 00:12:37,056 --> 00:12:37,990 YEAH, I THINK SPACE 476 00:12:38,057 --> 00:12:38,858 IS FOR EVERYONE. 477 00:12:38,924 --> 00:12:40,059 WE'RE TRYING TO BE -- 478 00:12:40,126 --> 00:12:41,393 TRYING TO BE, SO TO SPEAK, 479 00:12:41,460 --> 00:12:43,429 THE AMBASSADORS OF, YOU KNOW, 480 00:12:43,496 --> 00:12:45,865 HUMANKIND INTO SPACE 481 00:12:45,931 --> 00:12:47,266 BECAUSE ONE DAY WE'LL GO -- 482 00:12:47,333 --> 00:12:48,567 WE'LL GO BACK TO THE MOON, 483 00:12:48,634 --> 00:12:49,802 WE'LL GO TO MARS. 484 00:12:49,869 --> 00:12:50,903 NOT TO PLANT A FLAG, 485 00:12:50,970 --> 00:12:51,604 BUT JUST, YOU KNOW, 486 00:12:51,670 --> 00:12:52,872 TO TAKE HUMANITY WITH US, 487 00:12:52,938 --> 00:12:54,673 TO KIND OF EXPAND THE LIMITS 488 00:12:54,740 --> 00:12:56,942 OF WHAT HUMANITY CAN DO. 489 00:12:57,009 --> 00:12:57,676 AND SO, I THINK 490 00:12:57,743 --> 00:12:58,611 IF WE WANT TO DO THIS, WE -- 491 00:12:58,677 --> 00:12:59,345 YOU HAVE TO BE -- 492 00:12:59,411 --> 00:13:00,412 TO REPRESENT EVERYBODY 493 00:13:00,479 --> 00:13:01,747 ON THE—ON THE PLANET. 494 00:13:01,814 --> 00:13:03,082 SO, RIGHT NOW, IT'S -- 495 00:13:03,149 --> 00:13:04,283 IT'S A LOT OF COUNTRIES, 496 00:13:04,350 --> 00:13:05,317 BUT NOT NEARLY ENOUGH. 497 00:13:05,384 --> 00:13:06,719 WE HOPE OTHER COUNTRIES 498 00:13:06,785 --> 00:13:07,586 ARE GOING TO GET INTERESTED. 499 00:13:07,653 --> 00:13:08,320 WE HOPE AND 500 00:13:08,387 --> 00:13:10,623 WE SEE IT HAPPENING RIGHT NOW 501 00:13:10,689 --> 00:13:11,991 AND WE HOPE ALL THOSE COUNTRIES 502 00:13:12,057 --> 00:13:13,659 ARE GOING TO PARTICIPATE 503 00:13:13,726 --> 00:13:15,227 IN THE EFFORT AND 504 00:13:15,294 --> 00:13:16,195 THEN HELP US OUT 505 00:13:16,262 --> 00:13:17,096 BECAUSE ONE DAY THERE WILL BE 506 00:13:17,163 --> 00:13:17,963 A MISSION TO MARS 507 00:13:18,030 --> 00:13:18,931 AND THAT'S GOING TO BE A HUGE, 508 00:13:18,998 --> 00:13:20,065 BIG INTERNATIONAL MISSION, 509 00:13:20,132 --> 00:13:21,033 EVEN MORE INTERNATIONAL 510 00:13:21,100 --> 00:13:22,268 THAN THE SPACE STATION. 511 00:13:22,334 --> 00:13:23,302 SO, THE MESSAGE 512 00:13:23,369 --> 00:13:25,304 I HAVE IS EVERYBODY IS WELCOME. 513 00:13:25,371 --> 00:13:25,905 WE'RE TRYING TO DO IT 514 00:13:25,971 --> 00:13:26,572 WITH A GOOD SPIRIT 515 00:13:26,639 --> 00:13:28,541 OF COOPERATION 516 00:13:28,607 --> 00:13:30,242 AND IF YOU WANT TO JOIN, 517 00:13:30,309 --> 00:13:32,278 WE'LL WELCOME YOU. 518 00:13:33,279 --> 00:13:33,913 >> WE'LL BE MORE THAN HAPPY 519 00:13:33,979 --> 00:13:34,680 TO JOIN. 520 00:13:34,747 --> 00:13:35,514 AND I'D LIKE TO SEE THERE 521 00:13:35,581 --> 00:13:36,582 HOW DOES IT FUNCTION? 522 00:13:36,649 --> 00:13:38,017 DOES IT -- CAN YOU -- 523 00:13:38,083 --> 00:13:38,951 CAN YOU OPERATE IT 524 00:13:39,018 --> 00:13:42,488 IN MICROGRAVITY ENVIRONMENT? 525 00:13:49,028 --> 00:13:49,662 >> SORRY, I DIDN'T 526 00:13:49,728 --> 00:13:50,196 GET THE QUESTION. 527 00:13:50,262 --> 00:13:51,096 WE HEARD MICROGRAVITY 528 00:13:51,163 --> 00:13:51,697 ENVIRONMENT, 529 00:13:51,764 --> 00:13:52,531 BUT THE PREVIOUS PART 530 00:13:52,598 --> 00:13:55,100 OF THE QUESTION WAS CUT OUT. 531 00:13:55,167 --> 00:13:56,502 >> I WAS WONDERING 532 00:13:56,569 --> 00:13:59,438 HOW THE ROBOT FUNCTION IN SPACE 533 00:13:59,505 --> 00:14:00,172 AND HOW DO YOU 534 00:14:00,239 --> 00:14:01,707 MAKE THE EXPERIMENT -- 535 00:14:01,774 --> 00:14:03,008 THE EXPERIMENT ON IT 536 00:14:03,075 --> 00:14:09,815 IN A MICROGRAVITY ENVIRONMENT. 537 00:14:09,882 --> 00:14:11,483 >> SO, FOR ASTROBEE, 538 00:14:11,550 --> 00:14:13,385 IT HAS ACTUALLY A FAN. 539 00:14:13,452 --> 00:14:15,754 SO, THE FAN DIRECTION 540 00:14:15,821 --> 00:14:17,356 AND SPEED, I GUESS, 541 00:14:17,423 --> 00:14:20,459 WILL HELP MANEUVER 542 00:14:20,526 --> 00:14:23,028 SO IT CAN GO FORWARD, BACKWARDS, 543 00:14:23,095 --> 00:14:24,730 UP AND DOWN, SIDEWAYS, 544 00:14:24,797 --> 00:14:27,099 AND IT CAN ROTATE, AS WELL. 545 00:14:27,166 --> 00:14:28,601 ON THE GROUND, THERE'S A LOT OF 546 00:14:28,667 --> 00:14:31,470 DIFFERENT RESEARCHERS 547 00:14:31,537 --> 00:14:33,005 OR ACTUALLY SCHOOLS 548 00:14:33,072 --> 00:14:34,306 AND PROJECTS 549 00:14:34,373 --> 00:14:36,675 THAT ACTUALLY UTILIZES ASTROBEE. 550 00:14:36,742 --> 00:14:38,043 SO, ASTROBEE IS A PAYLOAD, 551 00:14:38,110 --> 00:14:38,911 BUT THERE'S A LOT 552 00:14:38,978 --> 00:14:40,679 OF DIFFERENT STUDIES GOING ON. 553 00:14:40,746 --> 00:14:42,548 AND THEY-THEY DO, 554 00:14:42,615 --> 00:14:43,749 LIKE FOR SCHOOL KIDS 555 00:14:43,816 --> 00:14:46,518 THEY DO CONTESTS TO, YOU KNOW, 556 00:14:46,585 --> 00:14:48,020 MAYBE THERE'S A GOAL 557 00:14:48,087 --> 00:14:51,023 TO THAT PROJECT AND 558 00:14:51,090 --> 00:14:53,359 THE GOAL IS TO HIT A TARGET, 559 00:14:53,425 --> 00:14:54,460 FOR INSTANCE. 560 00:14:54,526 --> 00:14:55,494 AND THEY HAVE TO DO 561 00:14:55,561 --> 00:14:56,929 THEIR OWN PROGRAMMING, 562 00:14:56,996 --> 00:14:57,830 UNDERSTANDING 563 00:14:57,896 --> 00:15:00,165 THE MICROGRAVITY ENVIRONMENT, 564 00:15:00,232 --> 00:15:02,801 AND THAT WAY THEY CAN GET, 565 00:15:02,868 --> 00:15:04,003 YOU KNOW, MOTIVATED 566 00:15:04,069 --> 00:15:06,505 AND STUDY HARD. 567 00:15:06,572 --> 00:15:08,874 AND THERE'S OTHER PROJECTS 568 00:15:08,941 --> 00:15:10,276 THAT'S GOING ON AND 569 00:15:10,342 --> 00:15:11,610 THIS IS A GREAT TEST BED, 570 00:15:11,677 --> 00:15:14,146 I THINK, FOR OTHER COUNTRIES 571 00:15:14,213 --> 00:15:15,481 AND COMPANIES 572 00:15:15,547 --> 00:15:18,117 AND SCHOOLS, AS WELL. 573 00:15:18,183 --> 00:15:18,917 >> SO, YOU'VE BEEN 574 00:15:18,984 --> 00:15:20,085 FOR FIVE MONTHS IN SPACE 575 00:15:20,152 --> 00:15:20,953 AND I BELIEVE 576 00:15:21,020 --> 00:15:21,820 YOU ARE GOING TO GO THROUGH 577 00:15:21,887 --> 00:15:23,255 A REHABILITATION PROGRAM 578 00:15:23,322 --> 00:15:25,224 ONCE YOU GET BACK TO EARTH 579 00:15:25,291 --> 00:15:27,259 TO GET USED BACK TO GRAVITY. 580 00:15:27,326 --> 00:15:31,930 HOW DOES THAT PROGRAM WORK? 581 00:15:31,997 --> 00:15:32,564 >> WELL, YEAH, 582 00:15:32,631 --> 00:15:33,432 THERE'S A LOT OF CHANGES 583 00:15:33,499 --> 00:15:34,400 THAT HAPPEN TO YOUR BODY 584 00:15:34,466 --> 00:15:36,035 WHEN YOU'RE IN SPACE. 585 00:15:36,101 --> 00:15:37,369 YOUR BALANCE SYSTEM 586 00:15:37,436 --> 00:15:39,938 IS A LITTLE BIT TONED DOWN 587 00:15:40,005 --> 00:15:40,673 BY YOUR BRAIN BECAUSE 588 00:15:40,739 --> 00:15:41,974 OTHERWISE YOU WOULD BE 589 00:15:42,041 --> 00:15:42,775 SICK ALL THE TIME, 590 00:15:42,841 --> 00:15:43,642 JUST LIKE ON A SHIP 591 00:15:43,709 --> 00:15:44,743 SOME PEOPLE ARE SEASICK. 592 00:15:44,810 --> 00:15:46,211 YOU CAN BE SPACE SICK BECAUSE 593 00:15:46,278 --> 00:15:47,613 IT'S A CONFLICT OF INFORMATION 594 00:15:47,680 --> 00:15:49,048 BETWEEN DIFFERENT SENSORS 595 00:15:49,114 --> 00:15:50,282 IN YOUR BODY. 596 00:15:50,349 --> 00:15:51,750 SO, YOU ADAPT. 597 00:15:51,817 --> 00:15:54,153 THE FLUIDS, YOU JUST REDUCE 598 00:15:54,219 --> 00:15:55,287 THE AMOUNT OF FLUIDS 599 00:15:55,354 --> 00:15:55,921 IN YOUR BODY 600 00:15:55,988 --> 00:15:57,289 BECAUSE YOU DON'T HAVE TO 601 00:15:57,356 --> 00:15:59,091 FIGHT GRAVITY ANYMORE 602 00:15:59,158 --> 00:16:00,292 OR THE EFFECT OF GRAVITY 603 00:16:00,359 --> 00:16:02,428 TO PUMP THE BLOOD INTO YOR HEAD. 604 00:16:02,494 --> 00:16:03,829 SO, ALL THOSE EFFECTS COMBINED. 605 00:16:03,896 --> 00:16:05,030 WE LOSE SOME MUSCLE MASS; 606 00:16:05,097 --> 00:16:06,699 WE LOSE SOME BONE DENSITY. 607 00:16:06,765 --> 00:16:07,666 SO, WHEN YOU COME BACK TO EARTH, 608 00:16:07,733 --> 00:16:09,101 YOU'RE DECONDITIONED. 609 00:16:09,168 --> 00:16:10,502 IT'S HARD TO WALK AND TO STAND. 610 00:16:10,569 --> 00:16:12,471 EVERYTHING FEELS SO HEAVY. 611 00:16:12,538 --> 00:16:13,439 IF YOU'RE GOING TO JUST 612 00:16:13,505 --> 00:16:14,373 LIFT THE WEIGHT OF YOUR ARM, 613 00:16:14,440 --> 00:16:15,641 IT FEELS LIKE YOU HAVE A -- 614 00:16:15,708 --> 00:16:17,209 A RUBBER BAND, LIKE ATTACHED 615 00:16:17,276 --> 00:16:18,444 AND YOU HAVE TO PULL ON IT 616 00:16:18,510 --> 00:16:19,244 JUST TO LIFT 617 00:16:19,311 --> 00:16:21,046 THE WEIGHT OF YOUR ARM. 618 00:16:21,113 --> 00:16:21,780 IF YOU TILT YOUR HEAD 619 00:16:21,847 --> 00:16:22,548 TO THE SIDE, 620 00:16:22,614 --> 00:16:23,582 IT FEELS LIKE YOU -- 621 00:16:23,649 --> 00:16:24,383 THE WEIGHT OF YOUR HEAD 622 00:16:24,450 --> 00:16:25,984 IS GOING TO MAKE YOU -- 623 00:16:26,051 --> 00:16:27,586 MAKE YOU KEEL OVER. 624 00:16:27,653 --> 00:16:29,888 SO, IT'S A DIFFICULT PERIOD. 625 00:16:29,955 --> 00:16:30,756 BUT WE'RE -- 626 00:16:30,823 --> 00:16:32,991 WE-WE'RE EVOLVED FOR, YOU KNOW, 627 00:16:33,058 --> 00:16:34,059 EARTHY CONDITIONS, 628 00:16:34,126 --> 00:16:36,095 SO YOU READAPT PRETTY RAPIDLY. 629 00:16:36,161 --> 00:16:37,363 OF COURSE, WE GET A TON OF HELP. 630 00:16:37,429 --> 00:16:38,330 WE'VE GOT DOCTORS, 631 00:16:38,397 --> 00:16:39,531 WE'VE GOT PHYSIOTHERAPISTS, 632 00:16:39,598 --> 00:16:41,500 WE'VE GOT EXERCISE SPECIALISTS. 633 00:16:41,567 --> 00:16:42,601 WE'VE GOT SCIENTISTS 634 00:16:42,668 --> 00:16:43,736 FROM THE DIFFERENT AGENCIES, 635 00:16:43,802 --> 00:16:45,371 NASA, EUROPEAN SPACE AGENCY, 636 00:16:45,437 --> 00:16:47,306 JAPANESE SPACE AGENCY. 637 00:16:47,373 --> 00:16:48,140 THEY'RE GOING TO HELP US OUT; 638 00:16:48,207 --> 00:16:49,575 IT'S GOING TO BE VERY BUSY. 639 00:16:49,641 --> 00:16:51,143 WE ALSO ARE GUINEA PIGS 640 00:16:51,210 --> 00:16:52,211 FOR A LOT OF EXPERIMENTS, 641 00:16:52,277 --> 00:16:53,145 SO THEY'LL TRY TO 642 00:16:53,212 --> 00:16:54,480 GET SOME DATA FROM US, 643 00:16:54,546 --> 00:16:56,248 BLOOD, ANY KIND OF DATA 644 00:16:56,315 --> 00:16:57,082 THAT YOU CAN EXTRACT 645 00:16:57,149 --> 00:16:58,784 FROM A HUMAN BODY. 646 00:16:58,851 --> 00:16:59,952 AND THEN THAT'S GOING -- 647 00:17:00,018 --> 00:17:01,253 THAT'S GOING TO 648 00:17:01,320 --> 00:17:02,421 TAKE THREE WEEKS INITIALLY 649 00:17:02,488 --> 00:17:03,422 AND THEN IT'S GOING TO BE 650 00:17:03,489 --> 00:17:04,156 LESS INTENSE. 651 00:17:04,223 --> 00:17:05,691 BUT ROUGHLY, A SIX-MONTH MISSION 652 00:17:05,758 --> 00:17:07,393 TO GET BACK TO YOUR SAME SHAPE 653 00:17:07,459 --> 00:17:08,360 THAT YOU WERE IN BEFORE 654 00:17:08,427 --> 00:17:09,228 AND EVERYTHING THE SAME. 655 00:17:09,294 --> 00:17:11,029 IT TAKES SIX MONTHS, AS WELL. 656 00:17:11,096 --> 00:17:12,898 YOU-YOU RECOVER REALLY FAST 657 00:17:12,965 --> 00:17:13,632 AT THE BEGINNING 658 00:17:13,699 --> 00:17:15,401 AND THEN TO GET THE LAST THREE 659 00:17:15,467 --> 00:17:16,101 OR FOUR PERCENT, 660 00:17:16,168 --> 00:17:17,102 IT GETS A LITTLE BIT LONGER. 661 00:17:17,169 --> 00:17:18,370 SO, WE'RE LOOKING AT 662 00:17:18,437 --> 00:17:19,705 SOME WORK TO DO 663 00:17:19,772 --> 00:17:23,108 STILL LEFT ON THE GROUND. 664 00:17:24,276 --> 00:17:24,977 >> SO, I BELIEVE 665 00:17:25,043 --> 00:17:25,978 WITH THIS INTERVIEW RIGHT NOW, 666 00:17:26,044 --> 00:17:26,945 WE THOUGHT THAT 667 00:17:27,012 --> 00:17:27,813 YOU WERE ON CANADA, 668 00:17:27,880 --> 00:17:28,747 ON TOP OF CANADA NOW. 669 00:17:28,814 --> 00:17:30,315 YOU'RE SOMEWHERE ELSE 670 00:17:30,382 --> 00:17:31,683 IN THE WORLD 671 00:17:31,750 --> 00:17:32,551 AND ONCE YOU'RE THERE 672 00:17:32,618 --> 00:17:34,653 ABOVE THE MIDDLE EAST 673 00:17:34,720 --> 00:17:36,822 COMING BACK TO EARTH, 674 00:17:36,889 --> 00:17:37,856 YOU'LL BE -- 675 00:17:37,923 --> 00:17:39,792 WE'LL COME TO JOIN IN QATAR 676 00:17:39,858 --> 00:17:41,393 IN 2022. 677 00:17:41,460 --> 00:17:44,763 THERE WILL BE A GREAT WORLD CUP 678 00:17:44,830 --> 00:17:46,398 AND WE WILL HOPE TO SEE YOU 679 00:17:46,465 --> 00:17:47,399 BACK ON EARTH 680 00:17:47,466 --> 00:17:50,602 SAFE WITH THE REST OF THE CREW. 681 00:17:53,739 --> 00:17:54,540 >> THANK YOU VERY MUCH. 682 00:17:54,606 --> 00:17:56,008 THANK YOU FOR GIVING US 683 00:17:56,074 --> 00:17:56,842 THE OPPORTUNITY 684 00:17:56,909 --> 00:17:58,177 TO TALK TO YOU ALL. 685 00:17:58,243 --> 00:17:59,645 AND WE WISH YOU 686 00:17:59,711 --> 00:18:00,979 ALL THE BEST FROM SPACE, 687 00:18:01,046 --> 00:18:05,017 AS WELL. 688 00:18:12,458 --> 00:18:13,926 >> STATION, THIS IS HOUSTON ACR. 689 00:18:13,992 --> 00:18:14,760 THAT CONCLUDES THE EVENT. 690 00:18:14,827 --> 00:18:17,863 THANK YOU. 691 00:18:17,930 --> 00:18:19,064 >> THANK YOU TO ALL PARTICIPANTS 692 00:18:19,131 --> 00:18:20,732 FROM AL JAZEERA NETWORK. 693 00:18:20,799 --> 00:18:21,733 STATION, WE ARE NOW 694 00:18:21,800 --> 00:18:22,801 RESUMING OPERATIONAL 695 00:18:22,868 --> 00:18:26,238 AUDIO COMMUNICATIONS.