Welcome.
This week NASA announced an
extended mission to complete a
spacewalk find some spicy blooms
at the site-space station the
European space agency had
exploration astronaut ventured
outside to prepare for an
upgrade.
They installed a modification
kit to prepare the station for a
rollout of installation work.
After a successful trip they
returned after six hours and 54
minutes.
>> All astronauts are explorers
and a hard and have the
opportunity to further
expiration is a great
opportunity.
>> NASA announced that those
astronauts would remain aboard
the space station until March of
2022 and upon return to earth,
they will hold the record for
the longest flight for an
American edging out another with
them while being 353 days
spending it in space.
NASA astronaut, making shared
photos of the first flowers
blooming from four pepper plants
growing in the space station.
>> Looking at the center of the
flowers I see most easily there
is a dark green quorum at the
base of the flower.
>> Plant habitat for experiment
is one of the most challenging
to date in part because of the
long germination and growing
time of the peppers.
She initiated the experience on
July 12th and they will grow
120 days.
With astronauts harvesting them
in October and November.
Thank you for watching and we
will see you next week.
that announcement the two
spaceflight participants will be
on the flight to the
international space station has
special impact for two members
of the crew.
Since that flight participants
will come home after their short
mission, they will remain on the
station until the next one
arises in March of 2022.
And then they will come home
with the longest ever
spaceflight by an American
astronaut passing a mark by
Scott Kelly and Christina cook.
>> Honestly it is exciting I
think all astronauts are
explorers at heart and have the
opportunity to contribute to
furthering exploration is a
great opportunity.
My family has been braced for
this and so have I it is
something that we expected and
honestly, it is a sense of
novelty for me, a new experience
and I am looking forward to it.
Understanding how it feels to do
something like this.
I do not think it is a record I
would attribute to me but for
our space program.
I have a tremendous amount of
respect for them both and they
would be happy as the explorers
they are to see that we are
furthering exploration and
getting people into space for
longer times.
I expect this record to be
broken and that will be a
further success for our space
program.
So there certainly is a very
important psychological element
and for example I try to spend
some time meditating every day
and talking to my family every
day, I talked to my wife almost
every day, those things are
hugely helpful so not just being
comfortable with yourself for
maintaining those connections to
what the relationships are on
the ground which are so
important to us it is so
important as well.
>> What we're doing in effect is
practicing keeping people
healthy.
Long trips through space where
people do not have the force of
the Earth's surface resisting to
being here in all freefall.
So, we are practicing for
missions like this right now in
the big difference is when we
get our first folks to Mars, we
will not have a staff.
A when they are very far away.
They are and sunny will guide
us.
And they are showing the laws of
motion.
[MUSIC PLAYING]
.
Hello.
I am sending Williams and I am
an astronaut who lived and
worked above the space station
in amazing laboratory orbiting
the earth about 250 miles above.
While at the space station we
asked her months will live and
work in microgravity
environment.
Do you think the laws of physics
will hold up in this while
experiencing microgravity?
Let's check with the astronaut
on the international space
station to find out.
Newton's first law of motion
tends to stay arrest unless
acted on by an outside force.
Also, an object in motion tends
to stay in motion unless acted
on by an outside force like my
finger.
Let's look at this from another
angle.
Over time the international
space station slows them from
experiencing a very small amount
of drag or force from a tiny
amount of atomic oxygen in
space.
This is like the force that you
feel from the air as you stick
your hand out of a moving car.
Because of this that space
station does what we call a
reboot.
A reboot uses a force on the
space station which allows it to
speed up just a little to remain
in orbit around the earth.
Let's join the astronauts to
check out what happens to the
object inside of the space
station when it begins.
>> The way I will demonstrate
this is by using this camera.
You see right here, there is no
real boost.
So it is not going to go
anywhere.
Or if I put it in a velocity
into it.
You can see that it stays very
steady.
Here is my camera I am setting
it up.
Here it goes.
It came a little bit early.
And watch this camera accelerate
toward you.
Here it goes I will reach out
and grab it and bring it back.
And I am actually feeling the
exhilaration.
Here it goes.
It is going to take off.
I will try not to let it hit
you.
It is just going to miss you.
Okay I am going to let go now.
Here I go again.
The exhilaration applies to me
as well.
It reaches 2.7 meters per
second.
It is not going anywhere.
So it is over.
The real boost is complete.
We will stay here for a little
while longer.
>> Could you use this to explain
why the camera began moving
without an astronaut putting a
force directly on it.
I will send you back to class so
that you can start to
investigate this with the
classroom connection found
online at our demonstrations.
Thank you for seeing this today,
we will see you again soon.
supporting scientific research
and providing benefits to people
on earth are two of the
overarching goals of the
international space station
program.
Another big goal is to encourage
the growth of a commercial space
economy and in the past few
years, the station's program has
been making good progress on
that front.
Take a look.
>> The international space
station has proven to be be
one-of-a-kind laboratory.
Microgravity conditions allow
for the experience which is
impossible to duplicate on
earth.
The station has also proven to
have capacity to serve as an
incubator to do business and
show the space economy in orbit.
The business of doing business
on the international space
station has become a primary
focus of NASA in the past two
years.
He is the manager of space
station business and economic
development for NASA at Johnson
Space Center and he explains how
businesses are enabling
research.
Supporting all the research
activities is becoming a
significant activity in and of
itself.
Companies like Bio serve, and
others operate over 20
commercial research facilities
housed on the station they
provide services as developers
helping researchers translate it
into hardware and to be
transported to and housed on the
station.
All of these activities support
business models and expand the
number of entities with
experience in conducting
business in space.
As they increase the
opportunities for companies to
perform research on the space
station, it is likely that the
number and types of companies
taking advantage of these
opportunities also increase.
That in turn will help to keep
the partnership between NASA and
others and we soon to help to
see private astronauts as
commercial development
programmers.
Some may be the researcher
astronauts which is researchers
who work directly for a company
and are trained to come in
during private astronaut
missions.
To enable the beginning of the
development for the next
generation owned and operated
for the platform the space
station is hosting new
commercial modules and it became
operational in February of 2021
and they plan to launch a module
to expand for research and other
activities on the space shuttle.
The commercial crew programs are
also enabling multiple companies
to develop and operate the next
generation of spacecraft.
This commercial transportation
to and from the space station
has fueled the market share of
launch providers in the world
market place.
Is providing utility additional
research time and opportunities
for discovering the mission of
space exploration.
The innovative use of
partnerships to support station
research is becoming the
template for the new exploration
initiatives.
The other has the goal of
landing the first person of
color on the surface of the
moon.
In addition, they establish an
outpost built by private
companies and eventually
harvesting researchers.
Doing business in space has
become one of the fastest
growing businesses on earth.
The space economy has excluded
over 60% in the past decade and
is now valued at $400 billion
that commercial success is
matched in importance by the
teams in private research
conducted on the space station.
It spans and helps millions on
earth.
They traveled beyond for years
to come.
For more information about how
private companies could conduct
the research on the space
station, go online.
To discover more of space on,
around and beyond our planets,
visit online.
Using the international space
station, scientists are learning
how to grow food in space, the
food will need to feed the men
and women on our future missions
away from the earth out to Mars.
Today our colleagues from Godard
space flight shows us how most
space grown food could be
combined into an actual human
field.
>> Hello, everyone and welcome
to snacktime with NASA.
We have been exploring your
getting your favorite food onto
your plate and so far they have
been down here on earth
obviously, so while we may not
be professional chefs we know a
thing or two about space so
today we will learn about what
it takes to grow food 200 miles
above our head above the space
station and later we will hear
how the space nation will
monitor down here.
So as you see I have this right
in front of me Roope Romaine
lettuce radishes, micro greens.
Now I have these from the
grocery stores.
To explain how this happens we
have the space center here.
Thank you for being here how is
it going.
>> Glad to be here, Kathleen.
>> So you sent me a list of what
you work with and I wonder how
you choose which foods to grow
up in space.
>> We test them at the space
station and we replicate this on
the international space station.
They grow with compact mythology
they are flavorful.
>> Have you ever grown potatoes
in space?
>> We have been growing them in
the past five years or so, in
the past we have done them right
here and we grow them on the
ground at the space center.
>> I will eat a space potato in
my lifetime I promise you that.
So now, how about picking this
up, I cannot find his these
typical salad ingredients.
>> They recently grew and they
really enjoyed it.
They found a way to cook it
using a warmer and combining
garlic, soy sauce and olive oil.
This is great because they have
salt and flavor and the
microgravity, you have this.
So this is kind of the part of
that.
>> I did not know that, don't
you also grow them down here.
>> Yes we are growing them in
space, we are looking at the
temperatures at this level.
We could control everything
except for microgravity.
>> So that way you can monitor
them in space what have you
discovered in the process.
>> For the most part, a big
variable is the water, this
makes it very sticky, you could
put these in the root zone and
so, we get a lot of back and
forth we are solving that
problem.
Once we get to the moon and Mars
those problems mostly go away.
>> Okay so talk to me about this
little space garden, the veggie
growth the system what is that.
>> It is a simple system, they
carry luggage and it has six of
these which is a substitute.
>> This is so interesting, the
vision of the space garden
brings happiness.
Is there a plant you are most
excited about trying to grow in
space.
>> Peppers, chili peppers will
be grown the summer, they are
very challenging, they take a
long time to germinate and grow.
If we overwater them, they are
like grasp clippings, they can
also be spicy so we are trying
to grow healthy and flavorful
plants that people will enjoy.
>> You cannot take the heat out
of the space station, right.
Anyways, I cannot say thank you
enough for being here, I had fun
and I cannot wait to see what
you grow in space next.
>> Shut that little door.
>> Now that we know more about
crops aboard the space station
what about the study from the
space station.
For this, the application leaned
is here to talk to us.
Thank you for being here.
>> Thank you and I am glad to be
here.
>> I would just talking about
how this helps us to better
understand how plants grow
microgravity and not inspired
all of the ingredients here for
the selling.
I also know that instruments
help us better understand how
they grow down on earth in I
wonder how that is.
>> Wealthy instruments and
projects that I work on, is on
the space station they collect
thermal data aboard the
International space Station and
we use this data to better
understand it here on earth so
we apply this data and
understand crop water stress
looking at drought, and areas
all around.
>> I know we also look at the
temperature of plants and I
cannot say that I know what we
do that.
>> We look at the temperature of
plants because plants contain a
lot of water which is part of
their process and the
temperature is directly related
to the water content within the
plants.
And so the hotter a plant gets,
we use that as an indicator of
how healthy the plant is.
>> I got it, so all this data is
captured and collected, and then
who uses it.
>> We have a wide variety of
partners, one of our key
partners is the US Department of
agriculture they utilize the
data to better understand the
stress across different areas
primarily in the United States
and they use this to understand
and inform decisions like
irrigation and water management
as well as the onset of drought.
>> So what advantages do they
have been there.
>> We love to be on the
international space station hub,
one of the unique aspects of
being there is that there is
instead of taking measurements
at the same time during each
overpass the way there we met
with other satellite missions,
is that we actually take a snap
shot of temperatures at
different times of the day and
then being able to look at the
water which typically auteur
occurs in the mid and late
afternoon it has not been done
before and being able to create
this daily cycle, of the stress
for vegetation on the scale.
>> It seems to me that
instruments are pretty crucial
when it comes to monitoring our
climate change.
Climate change is bad.
>> Yes and the great thing is
that a compliment these
instrument-instruments.
.
And they're working on future
missions to provide a holistic
view of the earth.
Both in space and on earth, I am
going to dig into this.
Thank you so much for being
here, I really appreciate it.
Cheers.
>> For all the years men and
women have flown in space, they
have taken pictures of the women
window of their home planets,
those are amazing.
But for those who took the
pictures it is still something
of a stream to conveying those.
Just how miraculous that view
really is.
>> When you look at this, you
realize this notion of darkness.
And we are on this little
island.
Everything is worth it.
Every dream is worth it.
It almost, how in the world am I
going to describe this.
The thin blue line.
This is when it became real.
All life is connected.
And everything that I do in one
way or another affects someone
else or at another creature that
I share it with.
The realization is not how far
away I was from earth but how
connected I was to earth.
>> I would give a lot to see
that view again.
Do you want another look at the
stories that you saw today you
can always find them online
along with other great features
on a whole variety of topics.
If you you're looking for good
conversation about human
spaceflight check out Houston,
we have a podcast where today
they get into the weeds and all
kinds of other plans learning
healthy ego stress experiments
on the international space
Center is studying how plants
use water by measuring their
temperatures from space.
Go online for this week's
episode all previous episodes of
air as well along with the
podcasts which are also on Apple
podcast Google podcasts and
SoundCloud.
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