1 00:00:00,133 --> 00:00:03,236 >> IGNITION SEQUENCE. 2 00:00:03,236 --> 00:00:11,311 [ ♪♪ ] 3 00:00:11,311 --> 00:00:12,112 >> GOOD MORNING. 4 00:00:12,112 --> 00:00:13,413 WELCOME TO A VIEW OF THE 5 00:00:13,413 --> 00:00:14,848 INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION 6 00:00:14,848 --> 00:00:16,149 FLIGHT CONTROL ROOM. 7 00:00:16,149 --> 00:00:17,851 THIS IS THE ORBIT 2 TEAM OF 8 00:00:17,851 --> 00:00:19,152 FLIGHT CONTROLLERS. 9 00:00:19,152 --> 00:00:20,887 MONITORING OPERATION OF THE 10 00:00:20,887 --> 00:00:21,888 STATION SYSTEMS AND ASSISTING 11 00:00:21,888 --> 00:00:23,790 THE EXPEDITION 62 CREW MEMBERS 12 00:00:23,790 --> 00:00:26,226 AS THEY FINISH UP THEIR FRIDAY, 13 00:00:26,226 --> 00:00:27,427 LOOKING AHEAD TO A WEEKEND OF 14 00:00:27,427 --> 00:00:28,762 HOUSECLEANING, FAMILY 15 00:00:28,762 --> 00:00:30,363 CONFERENCES, EXERCISE, AND TIME 16 00:00:30,363 --> 00:00:32,265 OFF DUTY. 17 00:00:32,265 --> 00:00:33,066 THE TEAM IS IN A DIFFERENT 18 00:00:33,066 --> 00:00:34,401 CONTROL ROOM THAN USUAL. 19 00:00:34,401 --> 00:00:35,802 THAT'S PART OF NASA'S PLAN TO 20 00:00:35,802 --> 00:00:37,937 KEEP FACILITIES HERE DISINFECTED 21 00:00:37,937 --> 00:00:40,240 TO PROTECT THE TEAM MEMBERS. 22 00:00:40,240 --> 00:00:42,175 I'M IN A DIFFERENT SPOT TOO. 23 00:00:42,175 --> 00:00:43,376 PART OF THE SAME PLAN. 24 00:00:43,376 --> 00:00:45,178 BUT THE MISSION ON ORBIT 25 00:00:45,178 --> 00:00:46,980 PROCEEDS A PACE. 26 00:00:46,980 --> 00:00:52,352 HERE'S WHAT HAPPENED THIS WEEK. 27 00:00:52,352 --> 00:00:54,454 >> WELCOME. 28 00:00:54,454 --> 00:00:55,955 AS WE WELCOME TO SLOW THE SPREAD 29 00:00:55,955 --> 00:00:57,390 OF CORONAVIRUS HERE ON EARTH, 30 00:00:57,390 --> 00:00:59,025 THREE HUMANS CONTINUE CRITICAL 31 00:00:59,025 --> 00:01:00,026 WORK ON BOARD THE INTERNATIONAL 32 00:01:00,026 --> 00:01:02,362 SPACE STATION. 33 00:01:02,362 --> 00:01:05,765 THE PLATFORM WAS ROBOTICALLY 34 00:01:05,765 --> 00:01:06,800 REMOVED FROM THE TRUNK OF THE 35 00:01:06,800 --> 00:01:10,003 SPACEX DRAGON CARGO VEHICLE. 36 00:01:10,003 --> 00:01:11,137 NAMED FOR THE YOUNGER BROTHER OF 37 00:01:11,137 --> 00:01:12,939 CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS, THE 38 00:01:12,939 --> 00:01:14,240 PLATFORM HAS THE CAPABILITY TO 39 00:01:14,240 --> 00:01:17,977 HOST EXTERNAL PLAY LOAD, 40 00:01:17,977 --> 00:01:19,879 OFFERING THE ONLY UNOBSTRUCTED 41 00:01:19,879 --> 00:01:21,314 VIEW TOWARDS PLANET EARTH AND 42 00:01:21,314 --> 00:01:22,816 INTO OUTER SPACE. 43 00:01:22,816 --> 00:01:23,516 APPLICATION AREAS INCLUDE BUT 44 00:01:23,516 --> 00:01:24,951 ARE NOT LIMITED TO EARTH 45 00:01:24,951 --> 00:01:27,053 OBSERVATION, ROBOTICS, MATERIAL 46 00:01:27,053 --> 00:01:28,888 SCIENCE AND ASTROPHYSICS. 47 00:01:28,888 --> 00:01:31,391 THE EXPEDITION 63 CREW ARRIVED 48 00:01:31,391 --> 00:01:33,126 AT THE LAUNCH SITE IN KAZAKHSTAN 49 00:01:33,126 --> 00:01:35,829 THIS WEEK, COUNTING DOWN TO AN 50 00:01:35,829 --> 00:01:36,963 APRIL 9th LIFTOFF TO THE 51 00:01:36,963 --> 00:01:38,565 STATION. 52 00:01:38,565 --> 00:01:43,303 NASA ASTRONAUT CHRIS SHARED HOW 53 00:01:43,303 --> 00:01:45,605 HE AND THE SPACE CREW ARE 54 00:01:45,605 --> 00:01:47,140 STAYING SAFE PRIOR TO LAUNCH. 55 00:01:47,140 --> 00:01:48,541 >> INTERESTINGLY ENOUGH THE 56 00:01:48,541 --> 00:01:49,843 PREPARATION HAS BEEN NO 57 00:01:49,843 --> 00:01:51,478 DIFFERENT. 58 00:01:51,478 --> 00:01:53,079 THE QUARANTINE FOR US AS CREW 59 00:01:53,079 --> 00:01:54,581 MEMBERS AS BEEN SIMILAR TO WHAT 60 00:01:54,581 --> 00:01:56,816 I'M USED TO AS QUARANTINE. 61 00:01:56,816 --> 00:01:58,351 THE REAL WEIRD PART IS EVERYONE 62 00:01:58,351 --> 00:02:00,787 ELSE BEING IN QUARANTINE ALSO 63 00:02:00,787 --> 00:02:01,588 AND THE SOCIAL DISTANCING 64 00:02:01,588 --> 00:02:02,889 CONCEPT IS NOT JUST PERTAINING 65 00:02:02,889 --> 00:02:06,526 TO THE THREE CREW MEMBERS BUT 66 00:02:06,526 --> 00:02:08,428 IT'S EVERYBODY. 67 00:02:08,428 --> 00:02:09,229 THE OTHER PART THAT'S NOT SO 68 00:02:09,229 --> 00:02:10,563 OPERATIONAL BUT MORE ON THE 69 00:02:10,563 --> 00:02:11,764 SUPPORT SIDE IS TRYING TO 70 00:02:11,764 --> 00:02:13,266 NAVIGATE THROUGH ALL THE 71 00:02:13,266 --> 00:02:14,300 UNCERTAINTIES OF WHICH PEOPLE 72 00:02:14,300 --> 00:02:16,002 WILL GET TO COME TO LAUNCH, 73 00:02:16,002 --> 00:02:18,738 FRIENDS, FAMILY, NASA SUPPORT 74 00:02:18,738 --> 00:02:20,139 PERSONNEL, ALL THIS KIND OF 75 00:02:20,139 --> 00:02:21,941 STUFF HAS BEEN QUITE DYNAMIC AS 76 00:02:21,941 --> 00:02:23,076 I'M SURE YOU HAVE BEEN 77 00:02:23,076 --> 00:02:24,677 EXPERIENCING IN YOUR OWN LIFE 78 00:02:24,677 --> 00:02:28,014 OVER THE LAST SEVEN DAYS. 79 00:02:28,014 --> 00:02:29,516 >> ONE THING ASTRONAUTS HAVE TO 80 00:02:29,516 --> 00:02:31,451 BE GOOD AT, LIVING IN CONFINED 81 00:02:31,451 --> 00:02:33,553 SPACES FOR LONG PERIODS OF TIME. 82 00:02:33,553 --> 00:02:34,654 TWO VETERAN ASTRONAUTS RECENTLY 83 00:02:34,654 --> 00:02:36,789 SHARED TIPS TO SUCCEED IN 84 00:02:36,789 --> 00:02:38,191 SELF-ISOLATION AS WE PRACTICE 85 00:02:38,191 --> 00:02:40,527 SOCIAL DISTANCING WORLDWIDE. 86 00:02:40,527 --> 00:02:41,628 VETERAN NASA ASTRONAUT SCOTT 87 00:02:41,628 --> 00:02:43,530 KELLY WHO COMPLETED A HISTORIC 88 00:02:43,530 --> 00:02:46,266 340-DAY MISSION ABOARD THE SPACE 89 00:02:46,266 --> 00:02:48,468 STATION IN 2016 SHARED A FEW 90 00:02:48,468 --> 00:02:50,003 TIPS IN A RECENT OP-ED PUBLISHED 91 00:02:50,003 --> 00:02:50,904 IN "THE NEW YORK TIMES." 92 00:02:50,904 --> 00:02:52,939 KELLY RECOMMENDS YOU FOLLOW A 93 00:02:52,939 --> 00:02:54,340 SCHEDULE, PACE YOURSELF, GO 94 00:02:54,340 --> 00:02:56,042 OUTSIDE, AND CONSIDER GETTING A 95 00:02:56,042 --> 00:02:56,943 HOBBY. 96 00:02:56,943 --> 00:02:58,611 KELLY STATED, YOU WILL FIND 97 00:02:58,611 --> 00:02:59,712 MAINTAINING A PLAN WILL HELP YOU 98 00:02:59,712 --> 00:03:01,214 AND YOUR FAMILY ADJUST TO A 99 00:03:01,214 --> 00:03:03,950 DIFFERENT WORK AND HOME LIFE 100 00:03:03,950 --> 00:03:04,851 ENVIRONMENT. 101 00:03:04,851 --> 00:03:06,152 VETERAN NASA ASTRONAUT PEGGY 102 00:03:06,152 --> 00:03:08,788 WHITSON, WHO SPENT A TOTAL OF 103 00:03:08,788 --> 00:03:10,690 665 DAYS IN SPACE, ALSO SHARED 104 00:03:10,690 --> 00:03:11,824 HER OWN TIPS ON "CBS THIS 105 00:03:11,824 --> 00:03:13,126 MORNING." 106 00:03:13,126 --> 00:03:14,127 FOR THOSE WORKING AND PARENTING 107 00:03:14,127 --> 00:03:16,563 FROM HOME, SHE NOTED IT'S 108 00:03:16,563 --> 00:03:17,363 IMPORTANT TO UNDERSTAND THE 109 00:03:17,363 --> 00:03:18,765 BIGGER PURPOSE TO GIVE YOU 110 00:03:18,765 --> 00:03:20,700 REASON AND RATIONALE FOR 111 00:03:20,700 --> 00:03:22,201 CONTINUING TO PUT UP WITH THE 112 00:03:22,201 --> 00:03:22,802 SITUATION. 113 00:03:22,802 --> 00:03:23,803 SHE RECOMMENDS WORKING ON 114 00:03:23,803 --> 00:03:24,837 COMMUNICATING WITH THE PEOPLE 115 00:03:24,837 --> 00:03:26,339 YOU ARE LIVING WITH TO MAXIMIZE 116 00:03:26,339 --> 00:03:27,941 YOUR TIME AT HOME. 117 00:03:27,941 --> 00:03:28,741 KEEP SENDING IN YOUR QUESTIONS 118 00:03:28,741 --> 00:03:33,079 USING THE HASHTAG ASK NASA. 119 00:03:33,079 --> 00:03:33,913 WE'LL SEE YOU NEXT WEEK. 120 00:03:33,913 --> 00:03:42,322 [ ♪♪ ] 121 00:03:42,322 --> 00:03:45,124 >> THE EXPEDITION 62 CREW 122 00:03:45,124 --> 00:03:46,059 MEMBERS ARE THREE WEEKS AWAY 123 00:03:46,059 --> 00:03:47,160 FROM THEIR SCHEDULED RETURN TO 124 00:03:47,160 --> 00:03:47,660 EARTH. 125 00:03:47,660 --> 00:03:49,762 THAT'S GOING END TO 272 126 00:03:49,762 --> 00:03:53,199 DAY-LONG-FLIGHT FOR DREW MORGAN. 127 00:03:53,199 --> 00:03:54,500 HE'S A GUY WHO HAD TO KNOW A LOT 128 00:03:54,500 --> 00:03:55,535 ABOUT A LOT OF DIFFERENT 129 00:03:55,535 --> 00:03:57,337 SUBJECTS TO GRADUATE FROM WEST 130 00:03:57,337 --> 00:03:58,371 POINT AND THEN TO BECOME A 131 00:03:58,371 --> 00:03:59,405 DOCTOR AND THEN TO BECOME AN 132 00:03:59,405 --> 00:04:02,108 ASTRONAUT WHEN HE HAD TO KNOW 133 00:04:02,108 --> 00:04:03,509 SOME OF IT IN RUSSIAN. 134 00:04:03,509 --> 00:04:04,944 WE FOUND OUT HE CAN ALSO THINK 135 00:04:04,944 --> 00:04:06,346 FAST ON HIS FEET WHEN HE HAD 136 00:04:06,346 --> 00:04:08,348 FIRE WITH A RAPID FIRE Q AND A 137 00:04:08,348 --> 00:04:09,782 HERE IN HOUSTON BEFORE HE 138 00:04:09,782 --> 00:04:19,859 LAUNCHED TO SPACE LAST JULY. 139 00:04:19,859 --> 00:04:21,661 >> WHAT'S YOUR FAVORITE MOVIE? 140 00:04:21,661 --> 00:04:22,862 >> BAND OF BROTHERS. 141 00:04:22,862 --> 00:04:23,863 >> FAVORITE FOOD. 142 00:04:23,863 --> 00:04:25,598 >> ANYTHING SPICY. 143 00:04:25,598 --> 00:04:26,299 >> FAVORITE COLOR. 144 00:04:26,299 --> 00:04:27,300 >> OLIVE. 145 00:04:27,300 --> 00:04:29,936 >> MORNING OR NIGHT PERSON? 146 00:04:29,936 --> 00:04:31,237 >> MORNING PERSON. 147 00:04:31,237 --> 00:04:35,775 >> FAVORITE ICE CREAM FLAVOR. 148 00:04:35,775 --> 00:04:37,110 >> MINT CHOCOLATE CHIP. 149 00:04:37,110 --> 00:04:38,111 >> WHAT ACCOMPLISHMENT IF YOU 150 00:04:38,111 --> 00:04:39,312 MOST PROUD OF? 151 00:04:39,312 --> 00:04:39,712 >> MY KIDS. 152 00:04:39,712 --> 00:04:40,847 >> WHO IS THE PERSON WHO MAKES 153 00:04:40,847 --> 00:04:42,949 YOU LAUGH THE MOST? 154 00:04:42,949 --> 00:04:43,449 >> MY WIFE. 155 00:04:43,449 --> 00:04:45,385 >> WHAT'S YOUR MOST MEMORABLE 156 00:04:45,385 --> 00:04:47,286 CAREER MOMENT. 157 00:04:47,286 --> 00:04:48,988 >> GRADUATING AND BEING PROMOTED 158 00:04:48,988 --> 00:04:51,124 TO MAJOR. 159 00:04:51,124 --> 00:04:52,125 >> IF YOU COULD HAVE ONE 160 00:04:52,125 --> 00:04:53,359 SUPERPOWER ONLY? 161 00:04:53,359 --> 00:04:53,960 >> TIME TRAVEL. 162 00:04:53,960 --> 00:04:55,261 >> FAVORITE PIZZA TOPPING. 163 00:04:55,261 --> 00:04:56,462 >> LOTS AND LOTS OF CHEESE. 164 00:04:56,462 --> 00:04:57,263 >> FAVORITE ANIMAL. 165 00:04:57,263 --> 00:04:58,131 >> ARMADILLO. 166 00:04:58,131 --> 00:04:59,132 >> FAVORITE DANCE MOVE. 167 00:04:59,132 --> 00:05:00,333 >> AIR GUITAR. 168 00:05:00,333 --> 00:05:01,668 >> WHO INSPIRES YOU? 169 00:05:01,668 --> 00:05:03,069 >> WHAT WOULD YOU LIKE TO BE 170 00:05:03,069 --> 00:05:05,171 REND FOR? 171 00:05:05,171 --> 00:05:06,806 >> BEING A GOOD HUSBAND AND 172 00:05:06,806 --> 00:05:08,508 FATHER. 173 00:05:08,508 --> 00:05:09,809 >> WHAT WOULD BE A GOOD THEME 174 00:05:09,809 --> 00:05:11,244 SONG? 175 00:05:11,244 --> 00:05:13,846 >> LIVE IT WELL BY SWITCHFOOT. 176 00:05:13,846 --> 00:05:15,281 >> IF YOU COULD SPEND ONE DAY ON 177 00:05:15,281 --> 00:05:18,384 MARS, WHAT WOULD YOU DO FOR FUN? 178 00:05:18,384 --> 00:05:18,918 >> TAKE PICTURES. 179 00:05:18,918 --> 00:05:20,019 >> WHAT IS A LIFE GOAL YOU PLAN 180 00:05:20,019 --> 00:05:21,621 TO ACHIEVE THIS YEAR? 181 00:05:21,621 --> 00:05:29,996 >> COME HOME SAFELY FROM SPACE. 182 00:05:29,996 --> 00:05:30,797 >> ONE PRIORITY OF INTERNATIONAL 183 00:05:30,797 --> 00:05:32,098 SPACE STATION SCIENCE RESEARCH 184 00:05:32,098 --> 00:05:33,232 IS TO LEARN AS MUCH AS POSSIBLE 185 00:05:33,232 --> 00:05:34,834 ABOUT HOW THE HUMAN BODY IS 186 00:05:34,834 --> 00:05:36,636 AFFECTED BY LIVING IN SPACE. 187 00:05:36,636 --> 00:05:37,837 SHORTLY BEFORE SHE CAME HOME 188 00:05:37,837 --> 00:05:41,074 LAST YEAR, FLIGHT ENGINEER ANNE 189 00:05:41,074 --> 00:05:44,110 McCLAIN AND HER CREWMATES 190 00:05:44,110 --> 00:05:45,912 WRAPPED UP DATA GATHERING ON THE 191 00:05:45,912 --> 00:05:47,547 AIRWAY MONITORING EXPERIMENT 192 00:05:47,547 --> 00:05:49,048 WHICH EXAMINES AN ASTRONAUT'S 193 00:05:49,048 --> 00:05:50,550 EXHALED BREATH FOR SIGNS OF 194 00:05:50,550 --> 00:05:52,151 INFLAMMATION. 195 00:05:52,151 --> 00:05:53,086 THEY'RE GATHERING DATATA WILL BE 196 00:05:53,086 --> 00:05:55,088 ROLLED INTO THE DESIGN OF FUTURE 197 00:05:55,088 --> 00:05:56,723 SPACESHIPS TO MAKE THEM SAFER 198 00:05:56,723 --> 00:05:58,357 FOR THEIR HUMAN CREW MEMBERS. 199 00:05:58,357 --> 00:05:58,958 >> THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE 200 00:05:58,958 --> 00:06:00,793 STATION IS A NATIONAL ORBITING 201 00:06:00,793 --> 00:06:02,595 LABORATORY. 202 00:06:02,595 --> 00:06:04,697 EVERY SINGLE DAY WE ARE 203 00:06:04,697 --> 00:06:06,132 ANSWERING BIG QUESTIONS ABOUT 204 00:06:06,132 --> 00:06:07,734 EARTH, ABOUT SPACE, ABOUT WHERE 205 00:06:07,734 --> 00:06:08,935 WE CAME FROM AND ABOUT WHERE 206 00:06:08,935 --> 00:06:09,268 WE'RE GOING. 207 00:06:09,268 --> 00:06:14,607 HUMAN RESEARCH, EXPERIMENTS ON 208 00:06:14,607 --> 00:06:17,110 OUR HUMAN BODY. 209 00:06:17,110 --> 00:06:19,145 HOW WE REACT IN MICROGRAVITY. 210 00:06:19,145 --> 00:06:22,448 ONE I'VE BEEN A PART OF IS 211 00:06:22,448 --> 00:06:23,983 AIRWAY MONITORING. 212 00:06:23,983 --> 00:06:24,984 WHEN WE'RE BREATHING THE AIR, 213 00:06:24,984 --> 00:06:26,786 THE SMALL PARTICLES IN THE AIR 214 00:06:26,786 --> 00:06:27,820 DON'T JUST FALL TO THE GROUND 215 00:06:27,820 --> 00:06:30,323 LIKE DUST ON THE GROUND SO WE 216 00:06:30,323 --> 00:06:31,624 TEND TO INHALE MORE FINE 217 00:06:31,624 --> 00:06:33,159 PARTICLES THAN WE WOULD ON EARTH 218 00:06:33,159 --> 00:06:35,762 AND SO WE'RE LOOKING AT OUR 219 00:06:35,762 --> 00:06:36,996 RESPONSE, OUR BODY'S RESPONSE TO 220 00:06:36,996 --> 00:06:40,433 THAT BY MEASURING NITRIC OXIDE 221 00:06:40,433 --> 00:06:44,937 EXHALATION AS AN INDICATION FOR 222 00:06:44,937 --> 00:06:46,873 AIRWAY INFLAMMATION. 223 00:06:46,873 --> 00:06:47,974 HOW CLEAN DOES OUR AIR NEED TO 224 00:06:47,974 --> 00:06:49,575 BE, HOW DOES OUR BODY REACT TO 225 00:06:49,575 --> 00:06:50,409 THE AIR. 226 00:06:50,409 --> 00:06:51,511 WHEN WE TALK ABOUT GOING BACK TO 227 00:06:51,511 --> 00:06:53,012 THE MOON, A LOT OF PEOPLE ARE 228 00:06:53,012 --> 00:06:54,647 AWARE THE MOON DUST IS A VERY, 229 00:06:54,647 --> 00:06:56,849 VERY FINE PARTICLE, ALMOST LIKE 230 00:06:56,849 --> 00:06:58,885 POWDERED SUGAR FINE PARTICLE. 231 00:06:58,885 --> 00:07:00,219 IF THAT'S IN THE AIR AND WE'RE 232 00:07:00,219 --> 00:07:01,320 BREATHING THAT FOR MONTHS ON 233 00:07:01,320 --> 00:07:02,855 END, IF WE'RE DOING EXTENDED 234 00:07:02,855 --> 00:07:04,857 STAYS ON THE LUNAR SURFACE, WE 235 00:07:04,857 --> 00:07:05,958 NEED TO UNDERSTAND KIND OF HOW 236 00:07:05,958 --> 00:07:08,494 THAT AFFECTS THE HUMAN BODY. 237 00:07:08,494 --> 00:07:18,771 [ ♪♪ ] 238 00:07:18,771 --> 00:07:20,673 >> THE SCIENTISTS WHO IMAGINE 239 00:07:20,673 --> 00:07:21,774 AND CREATE EXPERIMENTS LIKE 240 00:07:21,774 --> 00:07:23,810 AIRWAY MONITORING DEVOTE YEARS 241 00:07:23,810 --> 00:07:25,812 TO GETTING THEIR EXPERIMENT JUST 242 00:07:25,812 --> 00:07:27,146 RIGHT BEFORE THEY THEN HAND THEM 243 00:07:27,146 --> 00:07:28,848 OVER TO SOMEBODY TO LAUNCH THEM 244 00:07:28,848 --> 00:07:31,184 INTO SPACE, WHERE THE STATION 245 00:07:31,184 --> 00:07:31,984 CREW MEMBERS HAVE THE 246 00:07:31,984 --> 00:07:33,186 RESPONSIBILITY TO EXECUTE THE 247 00:07:33,186 --> 00:07:35,521 PROTOCOLS. 248 00:07:35,521 --> 00:07:37,123 WHAT HAPPENS WHEN THE EXPERIMENT 249 00:07:37,123 --> 00:07:40,760 RESULTS COME BACK TO EARTH? 250 00:07:40,760 --> 00:07:41,961 IN THIS FINAL EPISODE OF THE NEW 251 00:07:41,961 --> 00:07:43,362 NASA EXPLORER SERIES, TAKE A 252 00:07:43,362 --> 00:07:46,098 LOOK AS THE SCIENTISTS CARRY 253 00:07:46,098 --> 00:07:47,300 THEIR RESEARCH ACROSS THE FINISH 254 00:07:47,300 --> 00:07:48,100 LINE. 255 00:07:48,100 --> 00:07:50,136 [ ♪♪ ] 256 00:07:50,136 --> 00:07:55,775 >> THIS IS ANIL. 257 00:07:55,775 --> 00:08:00,446 HE'S ALMOST EIGHT MONTHS OLD NOW 258 00:08:00,446 --> 00:08:02,448 HE WAS PRESENT FOR A LOT OF THE 259 00:08:02,448 --> 00:08:04,283 TESTING WE DID. 260 00:08:04,283 --> 00:08:05,184 HE WAS ALSO PRESENT FOR THE 261 00:08:05,184 --> 00:08:06,085 LAUNCH. 262 00:08:06,085 --> 00:08:07,486 OVER THE COURSE OF OUR FIRST 263 00:08:07,486 --> 00:08:08,821 PROJECT, WE MADE AN ENTIRE NEW 264 00:08:08,821 --> 00:08:14,060 HUMAN WHILE THE TESTING THAT WE 265 00:08:14,060 --> 00:08:15,761 DID. 266 00:08:15,761 --> 00:08:25,238 THIS FLIGHT SUIT HE'S WEARING WE 267 00:08:25,238 --> 00:08:26,873 GOT DOWN AT THE CAPE CANAVERAL 268 00:08:26,873 --> 00:08:27,874 LAUNCH IN DECEMBER. 269 00:08:27,874 --> 00:08:32,812 THAT'S HIS FAVORITE FACE HE 270 00:08:32,812 --> 00:08:34,313 MAKES RIGHT NOW, WITHOUT ANY TOP 271 00:08:34,313 --> 00:08:34,814 TEETH. 272 00:08:34,814 --> 00:08:41,287 [ ♪♪ ] 273 00:08:41,287 --> 00:08:44,991 [ ♪♪ ] 274 00:08:44,991 --> 00:08:46,726 >> WE'RE RUNNING EXPERIMENTS ON 275 00:08:46,726 --> 00:08:56,102 EARTH AND ON STATION SO THEY HAD 276 00:08:56,102 --> 00:08:57,536 GELS ON THEIR FACILITY AND WE 277 00:08:57,536 --> 00:08:58,938 WERE GETTING DATA. 278 00:08:58,938 --> 00:08:59,972 WE WERE LOOKING AT HOW THE GELS 279 00:08:59,972 --> 00:09:00,973 FORMED STRUCTURE AND HOW THE 280 00:09:00,973 --> 00:09:02,375 PROFILE WAS CHANGING GIVEN THE 281 00:09:02,375 --> 00:09:05,912 DIFFERENT ENVIRONMENTS. 282 00:09:05,912 --> 00:09:07,947 >> WE ALL MADE SURE WE WERE HERE 283 00:09:07,947 --> 00:09:13,786 AND WE ALL HAD THE PLATES ALL 284 00:09:13,786 --> 00:09:14,787 TOGETHER AND WE HAD THE SAME 285 00:09:14,787 --> 00:09:16,188 TEXTBOOKS WE HAD AT THE KENNEDY 286 00:09:16,188 --> 00:09:17,723 SPACE CENTER. 287 00:09:17,723 --> 00:09:19,926 >> IT'S ALREADY EXCITING. 288 00:09:19,926 --> 00:09:20,826 OH, MY GOD, THESE ARE WHAT THE 289 00:09:20,826 --> 00:09:24,163 ASTRONAUTS TOUCHED, AND WE OPEN 290 00:09:24,163 --> 00:09:25,298 THEM UP AND THEY'VE BEEN TO 291 00:09:25,298 --> 00:09:26,799 SPACE AND BACK AND NOW THEY'RE 292 00:09:26,799 --> 00:09:28,100 IN OUR LAPS. 293 00:09:28,100 --> 00:09:29,302 >> WE COULD AT LEAST LOOK AT 294 00:09:29,302 --> 00:09:32,438 THEM AND SEE HOW IT'S DIFFERENT, 295 00:09:32,438 --> 00:09:33,639 IF THE STRUCTURAL CHANGES ARE 296 00:09:33,639 --> 00:09:34,440 SOMETHING YOU CAN OBSERVE JUST 297 00:09:34,440 --> 00:09:36,075 BY LOOKING AT THE GELS. 298 00:09:36,075 --> 00:09:37,476 >> WHEN WE LOOKED AT THE DATA WE 299 00:09:37,476 --> 00:09:42,315 GOT FROM THE EQUIPMENT ON 300 00:09:42,315 --> 00:09:44,250 STATION AND THE EQUIPMENT FROM 301 00:09:44,250 --> 00:09:50,790 NANORACS, THERE WERE RELEASES 302 00:09:50,790 --> 00:09:51,924 FROM THE GELS HAPPENING AT THE 303 00:09:51,924 --> 00:09:52,525 SAME TIME. 304 00:09:52,525 --> 00:09:55,928 >> WE OBSERVED CHANGES WE HOPED 305 00:09:55,928 --> 00:09:57,663 TO DO ACTUAL STRUCTURAL TESTS 306 00:09:57,663 --> 00:10:00,766 AND MORE IN-DEPTH STUDIES. 307 00:10:00,766 --> 00:10:02,101 IT SEEMS LIKE THERE MIGHT BE 308 00:10:02,101 --> 00:10:03,803 SOME CHANGES. 309 00:10:03,803 --> 00:10:05,538 >> WHILE THE THRILL OF THE 310 00:10:05,538 --> 00:10:07,840 ROCKET LAUNCH MAY BE OVER, THEY 311 00:10:07,840 --> 00:10:09,241 STILL HAVE ONE OF THE MOST 312 00:10:09,241 --> 00:10:10,476 EXCITING PARTS OF THEIR JOURNEY 313 00:10:10,476 --> 00:10:11,077 AHEAD. 314 00:10:11,077 --> 00:10:12,278 PUBLISHING THEIR RESULTS. 315 00:10:12,278 --> 00:10:13,913 THIS INFORMATION COULD HELP 316 00:10:13,913 --> 00:10:15,915 INFORM FUTURE RESEARCH ON EARTH 317 00:10:15,915 --> 00:10:17,717 AND IN SPACE. 318 00:10:17,717 --> 00:10:20,853 >> WHAT WE'RE WORKING ON NOW IS 319 00:10:20,853 --> 00:10:22,655 COMPILING ON THAT DATA AND 320 00:10:22,655 --> 00:10:24,690 TELLING A GOOD STORY AROUND IT 321 00:10:24,690 --> 00:10:26,492 SO THAT IT'S SOMETHING THAT WE 322 00:10:26,492 --> 00:10:27,893 CAN OF COURSE PUBLISH AND GIVE 323 00:10:27,893 --> 00:10:28,828 BACK TO THE PUBLIC. 324 00:10:28,828 --> 00:10:30,029 WE'VE GOT REALLY INTERESTING 325 00:10:30,029 --> 00:10:33,866 DATA FROM THESE EXPERIMENTS THAT 326 00:10:33,866 --> 00:10:35,868 WERE SUPER SIMPLE BUT THE STORY 327 00:10:35,868 --> 00:10:37,903 COULD REALLY INFORM MATERIAL 328 00:10:37,903 --> 00:10:38,804 SCIENCE AS A WHOLE. 329 00:10:38,804 --> 00:10:42,441 [ ♪♪ ] 330 00:10:42,441 --> 00:10:44,443 >> YOU DEFINITELY FEEL A HUGE 331 00:10:44,443 --> 00:10:45,945 RESPONSIBILITY PERFORMING THIS 332 00:10:45,945 --> 00:10:47,279 RESEARCH FOR OTHERS BECAUSE YOU 333 00:10:47,279 --> 00:10:48,481 KNOW HOW MANY YEARS YOU'VE BEEN 334 00:10:48,481 --> 00:10:49,882 WORKING ON THE GROUND AND WE 335 00:10:49,882 --> 00:10:51,684 OFTEN LIKE TO KNOW THE RESULTS 336 00:10:51,684 --> 00:10:53,519 SO PERSONALLY, I STAYED IN TOUCH 337 00:10:53,519 --> 00:10:54,620 WITH A LOT OF SCIENTISTS AND 338 00:10:54,620 --> 00:10:56,422 THAT GIVES US A LOT OF GOOD 339 00:10:56,422 --> 00:10:57,990 FEEDBACK AND IT GIVES US SOME 340 00:10:57,990 --> 00:11:00,493 CLOSURE TOO TO KNOW HOW 341 00:11:00,493 --> 00:11:01,327 IMPORTANT THE SCIENCE THAT WE 342 00:11:01,327 --> 00:11:12,204 WERE DOING UP THERE REALLY WAS. 343 00:11:12,204 --> 00:11:14,907 [ Laughter ] 344 00:11:14,907 --> 00:11:15,808 >> OH, MY GOD. 345 00:11:15,808 --> 00:11:18,344 HOW ARE YOU? 346 00:11:18,344 --> 00:11:20,446 >> WE WERE DOING, WE WOULD LIKE 347 00:11:20,446 --> 00:11:24,383 TO SET UP AT LEAST A FACETIME 348 00:11:24,383 --> 00:11:25,818 CALL OR SOMETHING AND I WAS LIKE 349 00:11:25,818 --> 00:11:28,421 YEAH, ABSOLUTELY, THIS IS GREAT. 350 00:11:28,421 --> 00:11:30,656 >> WHERE ARE YOU GUYS LIVING? 351 00:11:30,656 --> 00:11:31,657 >> WE'RE IN OUR LABORATORY IN 352 00:11:31,657 --> 00:11:33,559 RICHMOND, VIRGINIA. 353 00:11:33,559 --> 00:11:35,194 OUR OTHER FULL-TIME EMPLOYEES 354 00:11:35,194 --> 00:11:37,496 ARE ALSO WOMEN. 355 00:11:37,496 --> 00:11:39,031 WE'RE ENTIRELY A WOMEN-RUN 356 00:11:39,031 --> 00:11:39,932 COMPANY. 357 00:11:39,932 --> 00:11:41,233 >> FANTASTIC! 358 00:11:41,233 --> 00:11:42,635 >> JUST TURNED OUT THAT WAY. 359 00:11:42,635 --> 00:11:45,971 IT'S BEEN WONDERFUL. 360 00:11:45,971 --> 00:11:48,374 >> WHOO-HOO! 361 00:11:48,374 --> 00:11:56,949 >> THAT'S GREAT. 362 00:11:56,949 --> 00:11:58,084 >> THESE ARE THE SAMPLES. 363 00:11:58,084 --> 00:11:59,618 >> THAT'S SO COOL. 364 00:11:59,618 --> 00:12:01,420 >> IT'S NEAT WE GET TO SEE THE 365 00:12:01,420 --> 00:12:03,222 SCIENCE BACK DOWN IN YOUR HANDS. 366 00:12:03,222 --> 00:12:04,657 SOMETIMES IT DOES GO LITERALLY 367 00:12:04,657 --> 00:12:07,860 IN A BLACK BOX WHEN WE'RE UP 368 00:12:07,860 --> 00:12:10,196 THERE. 369 00:12:10,196 --> 00:12:11,497 THANKS A LOT FOR LETTING ME 370 00:12:11,497 --> 00:12:13,032 INVADE YOUR SPACE A LITTLE BIT 371 00:12:13,032 --> 00:12:13,833 TODAY AND GOOD LUCK WITH 372 00:12:13,833 --> 00:12:15,334 EVERYTHING YOU GUYS DO 373 00:12:15,334 --> 00:12:18,270 SCIENTIFICALLY PERSONALLY AND 374 00:12:18,270 --> 00:12:23,209 PROFESSIONALLY IN THE FUTURE. 375 00:12:23,209 --> 00:12:24,410 [ Laughter ] 376 00:12:24,410 --> 00:12:26,112 >> BYE! 377 00:12:26,112 --> 00:12:30,349 >> YEAH, IT'S HARD TO READ THIS. 378 00:12:30,349 --> 00:12:31,250 >> I'M TRYING TO THINK OF 379 00:12:31,250 --> 00:12:32,284 ANYTHING THAT WOULD BE BETTER 380 00:12:32,284 --> 00:12:34,386 THAN WATCHING MY OWN LAUNCH OF 381 00:12:34,386 --> 00:12:36,522 RESEARCH TO THE SPACE STATION. 382 00:12:36,522 --> 00:12:37,923 I ACTUALLY HAVE LIKE MY 383 00:12:37,923 --> 00:12:41,060 BACKGROUND OF MY CELLPHONE IS 384 00:12:41,060 --> 00:12:42,061 ACTUALLY A PICTURE OF US 385 00:12:42,061 --> 00:12:50,836 STANDING WITH THE SPACE STATION. 386 00:12:50,836 --> 00:12:53,539 PEOPLE ARE SURPRISED ABOUT THIS 387 00:12:53,539 --> 00:12:55,374 KIND OF EXPERIENCE AND HAVING 388 00:12:55,374 --> 00:12:56,075 DELIBERATED MUCH. 389 00:12:56,075 --> 00:12:57,409 I STILL LOOK AT THE SKY AND I 390 00:12:57,409 --> 00:12:58,410 REALLY THINK EVERYTHING IS SO 391 00:12:58,410 --> 00:13:01,147 FAR AWAY AND LIKE WE LOOK AT THE 392 00:13:01,147 --> 00:13:02,748 STARS AND EVERYTHING LOOKS LIKE 393 00:13:02,748 --> 00:13:04,383 NOTHING IS ACHIEVABLE. 394 00:13:04,383 --> 00:13:05,985 BUT THEN JUST BEING A PART OF 395 00:13:05,985 --> 00:13:08,821 THIS WHOLE EXPERIENCE IS JUST A 396 00:13:08,821 --> 00:13:10,523 DREAM COME TRUE. 397 00:13:10,523 --> 00:13:13,759 [ ♪♪ ] 398 00:13:13,759 --> 00:13:15,761 >> THEY NOW JOIN THE THOUSANDS 399 00:13:15,761 --> 00:13:17,096 OF SCIENTISTS WHO PERFORMED 400 00:13:17,096 --> 00:13:17,897 RESEARCH ABOARD THE 401 00:13:17,897 --> 00:13:19,198 INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION, 402 00:13:19,198 --> 00:13:20,633 MAKING THE MOST OF WHAT 403 00:13:20,633 --> 00:13:22,935 MICROGRAVITY HAS TO TEACH US. 404 00:13:22,935 --> 00:13:24,637 THIS DEDICATED GROUP IS BRINGING 405 00:13:24,637 --> 00:13:26,872 WHAT THEY LEARN BACK TO EARTH, 406 00:13:26,872 --> 00:13:32,511 HELPING IMPROVE LIVES AND 407 00:13:32,511 --> 00:13:33,546 ADVANCE EXPLORATION. 408 00:13:33,546 --> 00:13:34,213 >> WHAT SPACE STATION GIVES US 409 00:13:34,213 --> 00:13:35,047 IS A DIFFERENT SORT OF 410 00:13:35,047 --> 00:13:36,148 LABORATORY. 411 00:13:36,148 --> 00:13:37,149 WHAT'S REALLY MEANINGFUL TO ME 412 00:13:37,149 --> 00:13:39,084 IS TO BE ABLE TO COME BACK DOWN 413 00:13:39,084 --> 00:13:40,986 AND TALK WITH MY PATIENTS AND 414 00:13:40,986 --> 00:13:42,521 LET THEM KNOW THE DISCOVERIES 415 00:13:42,521 --> 00:13:43,722 WE'VE MADE, THIS MEANS A LOT TO 416 00:13:43,722 --> 00:13:45,124 ME AS A CLINICIAN, SO IT WAS 417 00:13:45,124 --> 00:13:47,459 REALLY NEAT TO BE ABLE TO FORM 418 00:13:47,459 --> 00:13:51,497 THAT SCIENCE FOUNDATION. 419 00:13:51,497 --> 00:13:52,698 >> THE ENERGY EVERYONE HAS WHO 420 00:13:52,698 --> 00:13:53,799 IS INVOLVED IN SPACE RESEARCH IS 421 00:13:53,799 --> 00:13:55,234 EXTREMELY CONTAGIOUS. 422 00:13:55,234 --> 00:13:56,835 I JUST GET HYPED UP ABOUT IT 423 00:13:56,835 --> 00:13:58,304 BECAUSE EVERYONE ELSE IS SO 424 00:13:58,304 --> 00:14:00,005 EXCITED ABOUT IT. 425 00:14:00,005 --> 00:14:01,907 YES, THE TIMELINES ARE LONG BUT 426 00:14:01,907 --> 00:14:03,409 EVERYONE IS SO POSITIVE AND 427 00:14:03,409 --> 00:14:05,444 CERTAIN THEY ARE DOING A GOOD 428 00:14:05,444 --> 00:14:06,545 THING AND THE MONEY IS WELL 429 00:14:06,545 --> 00:14:07,246 SPENT. 430 00:14:07,246 --> 00:14:08,280 THAT IS WHAT DRIVES PEOPLE TO 431 00:14:08,280 --> 00:14:09,381 KEEP DOING THIS SORT OF 432 00:14:09,381 --> 00:14:15,521 RESEARCH. 433 00:14:15,521 --> 00:14:16,922 >> MICROGRAVITY STILL HAS MORE 434 00:14:16,922 --> 00:14:19,558 INSIGHTS TO REVEAL AND THIS 435 00:14:19,558 --> 00:14:20,960 LABORATORY LIKE NO OTHER WILL 436 00:14:20,960 --> 00:14:23,295 CONTINUE TO UNCOVER THEM. 437 00:14:23,295 --> 00:14:31,237 ONE EXPERIMENT AT A TIME. 438 00:14:31,237 --> 00:14:47,953 [ ♪♪ ] 439 00:14:47,953 --> 00:15:10,676 [ ♪♪ ] 440 00:15:10,676 --> 00:15:12,077 >> THE SPACE TRAVELERS OF TODAY 441 00:15:12,077 --> 00:15:14,013 AND THOSE OF TOMORROW HAVE AT 442 00:15:14,013 --> 00:15:15,414 LEAST ONE THING IN COMMON WITH 443 00:15:15,414 --> 00:15:18,550 EXPLORERS OF OLD. 444 00:15:18,550 --> 00:15:19,551 THEY'RE ALL AT THE MERCY OF THE 445 00:15:19,551 --> 00:15:20,252 WEATHER. 446 00:15:20,252 --> 00:15:21,654 THE ASTRONAUTS AND THE SYSTEMS 447 00:15:21,654 --> 00:15:23,289 OF THEIR FUTURE SPACE VEHICLES 448 00:15:23,289 --> 00:15:24,590 WILL HAVE TO BE PROTECTED FROM 449 00:15:24,590 --> 00:15:27,126 THE RADIATION OF DEEP SPACE. 450 00:15:27,126 --> 00:15:28,127 THAT'S WHY TODAY'S SCIENTISTS 451 00:15:28,127 --> 00:15:30,329 ARE WORKING HARD TO IMPROVE OUR 452 00:15:30,329 --> 00:15:33,065 ABILITY TO ACCURATELY FORECAST 453 00:15:33,065 --> 00:15:35,868 DANGEROUS SPACE WEATHER. 454 00:15:35,868 --> 00:15:38,804 [ ♪♪ ] 455 00:15:38,804 --> 00:15:45,344 >> THE SPACE WE TRAVEL THROUGH. 456 00:15:45,344 --> 00:15:50,182 PRESENTED BY SCIENCE AT NASA. 457 00:15:50,182 --> 00:15:53,118 WHEN SEA FERRY NATIONS BEGAN TO 458 00:15:53,118 --> 00:15:54,420 EXPLORE NEW REGIONS OF THE 459 00:15:54,420 --> 00:15:55,821 WORLD, ONE OF THEIR BIGGEST 460 00:15:55,821 --> 00:15:56,955 CONCERNS IN MAKING THE JOURNEY 461 00:15:56,955 --> 00:15:58,991 SAFELY WAS HOW TO COPE WITH 462 00:15:58,991 --> 00:15:59,892 WEATHER. 463 00:15:59,892 --> 00:16:01,393 THEY COULD HARNESS THE WIND FOR 464 00:16:01,393 --> 00:16:03,128 POWER, THEY COULD RELY ON THE 465 00:16:03,128 --> 00:16:04,029 SUN AND THE STARS FOR 466 00:16:04,029 --> 00:16:05,431 NAVIGATION. 467 00:16:05,431 --> 00:16:07,766 THEY COULD BUILD STURDY SHIPS 468 00:16:07,766 --> 00:16:10,502 BUT IF A STORM ROSE SUDDENLY, 469 00:16:10,502 --> 00:16:12,805 THEY WERE AT NATURE'S MERCY. 470 00:16:12,805 --> 00:16:14,506 MORE THAN FIVE CENTURIES LATER, 471 00:16:14,506 --> 00:16:16,342 OUR NATION IS ONCE AGAIN ON THE 472 00:16:16,342 --> 00:16:19,244 CUSP OF EXPLORING NEW WORLDS AND 473 00:16:19,244 --> 00:16:21,580 ONCE AGAIN, ONE OF OUR CONCERNS 474 00:16:21,580 --> 00:16:23,415 ABOUT TRAVELING LONG DISTANCES 475 00:16:23,415 --> 00:16:26,018 IS THE WEATHER. 476 00:16:26,018 --> 00:16:27,319 SPACE WEATHER. 477 00:16:27,319 --> 00:16:28,721 WHILE SPACE IS A VACUUM, IT'S 478 00:16:28,721 --> 00:16:31,357 NOT 100% EMPTY. 479 00:16:31,357 --> 00:16:33,292 PARTICLES, ENERGY, AND MAGNETIC 480 00:16:33,292 --> 00:16:35,894 FIELDS TRAVEL THROUGH THE VOID. 481 00:16:35,894 --> 00:16:38,330 MUCH OF THESE EMANATE FROM THE 482 00:16:38,330 --> 00:16:40,432 SUN'S CORONA AS PART OF A 483 00:16:40,432 --> 00:16:42,868 CONSTANT OUTWARD FLOW KNOWN AS 484 00:16:42,868 --> 00:16:44,169 THE SOLAR WIND WHICH STRETCHES 485 00:16:44,169 --> 00:16:45,771 WELL BEYOND THE ORBIT OF 486 00:16:45,771 --> 00:16:47,005 NEPTUNE. 487 00:16:47,005 --> 00:16:48,607 THERE ARE ALSO HIGH-ENERGY 488 00:16:48,607 --> 00:16:51,243 PARTICLES OR COSMIC RAYS IN THE 489 00:16:51,243 --> 00:16:53,345 MIX WHICH TRAVEL VAST DISTANCES 490 00:16:53,345 --> 00:16:56,982 FROM DYING STARS OR SUPERNOVA. 491 00:16:56,982 --> 00:16:59,017 EARTH'S MAGNETIC FIELD AND 492 00:16:59,017 --> 00:17:00,352 RELATIVELY THICK ATMOSPHERE ACT 493 00:17:00,352 --> 00:17:01,954 AS A SHIELD AGAINST THE MOST 494 00:17:01,954 --> 00:17:03,389 HARMFUL FORMS OF THIS RADIATION 495 00:17:03,389 --> 00:17:04,790 BUT IN SPACE THERE IS NO SUCH 496 00:17:04,790 --> 00:17:05,891 DETERRENT. 497 00:17:05,891 --> 00:17:07,393 IF WE WANT TO TRAVEL THROUGH 498 00:17:07,393 --> 00:17:09,928 THIS SPACE, WE NEED WAYS TO 499 00:17:09,928 --> 00:17:12,030 PROTECT OUR ASTRONAUTS. 500 00:17:12,030 --> 00:17:13,966 THESE PARTICLES CAN AFFECT OUR 501 00:17:13,966 --> 00:17:15,968 TECHNOLOGY, TRIPPING ONBOARD 502 00:17:15,968 --> 00:17:18,504 ELECTRONICS. 503 00:17:18,504 --> 00:17:21,106 Dr. VEGA, SPACE WEATHER 504 00:17:21,106 --> 00:17:24,843 SCIENTIST AT NASA'S GODDARD 505 00:17:24,843 --> 00:17:26,879 SPACE CENTER NOTICE WE ARE 506 00:17:26,879 --> 00:17:28,380 WORKING HARD TO KNOW WHEN THESE 507 00:17:28,380 --> 00:17:30,916 PARTICLES WILL BE AT THEIR PEAK 508 00:17:30,916 --> 00:17:32,718 SUCH AS DURING SOLAR FLARES OR 509 00:17:32,718 --> 00:17:34,119 MASS EJECTIONS. 510 00:17:34,119 --> 00:17:35,354 A CUTE EXPOSURE TO THE SOLAR 511 00:17:35,354 --> 00:17:37,356 ENERGETIC PARTICLES IS A SERIOUS 512 00:17:37,356 --> 00:17:38,791 CONCERN FOR ASTRONAUTS AND 513 00:17:38,791 --> 00:17:40,192 INSTRUMENTS. 514 00:17:40,192 --> 00:17:41,093 THEREFORE, HAVING A BETTER 515 00:17:41,093 --> 00:17:43,128 UNDERSTANDING OF WHEN TO EXPECT 516 00:17:43,128 --> 00:17:45,831 SOLAR ACTIVITY IS IMPORTANT FOR 517 00:17:45,831 --> 00:17:48,133 SAFELY SENDING OUR ASTRONAUTS 518 00:17:48,133 --> 00:17:50,068 AND SPACECRAFT THROUGH SPACE. 519 00:17:50,068 --> 00:17:52,171 IRON CLIFF, SUCH SPACE WEATHER 520 00:17:52,171 --> 00:17:53,806 ACTIVITY CAN ACTUALLY PROTECT 521 00:17:53,806 --> 00:17:54,807 AGAINST ANOTHER THREAT TO 522 00:17:54,807 --> 00:17:56,608 ASTRONAUTS. 523 00:17:56,608 --> 00:17:58,076 THE SUN'S ACTIVITY CAN BLOCK 524 00:17:58,076 --> 00:18:00,078 DANGEROUS COSMIC RAYS COMING 525 00:18:00,078 --> 00:18:01,480 FROM OTHER STARS WHICH ARE 526 00:18:01,480 --> 00:18:03,816 CONSTANTLY PRESENT, ILLUSTRATING 527 00:18:03,816 --> 00:18:06,218 THE COMPLEXITY OF THE SYSTEM 528 00:18:06,218 --> 00:18:08,053 NASA TRIES TO UNDERSTAND AND 529 00:18:08,053 --> 00:18:09,555 MITIGATE FOR OUR SPACE 530 00:18:09,555 --> 00:18:10,456 TRAVELERS. 531 00:18:10,456 --> 00:18:13,492 OVER TIME, SEA CAPTAINS LEARNED 532 00:18:13,492 --> 00:18:15,093 WHEN TO SAIL THEIR SHIPS AND 533 00:18:15,093 --> 00:18:16,929 WHEN TO STAY IN HARBOR BASED ON 534 00:18:16,929 --> 00:18:18,931 THEIR ACCUMULATED KNOWLEDGE OF 535 00:18:18,931 --> 00:18:19,631 THE WEATHER. 536 00:18:19,631 --> 00:18:20,666 IT'S MORE RISKY TO BE ON THE 537 00:18:20,666 --> 00:18:22,267 WATER IN THE CARIBBEAN DURING 538 00:18:22,267 --> 00:18:23,769 HURRICANE SEASON AND YOU WOULD 539 00:18:23,769 --> 00:18:25,804 WANT TO CONSIDER AVOIDING THE 540 00:18:25,804 --> 00:18:27,105 NORTHEAST COAST OF AMERICA 541 00:18:27,105 --> 00:18:29,508 DURING THE HEIGHT OF WINTER. 542 00:18:29,508 --> 00:18:31,743 Dr. VEGA SAYS IT'S VERY 543 00:18:31,743 --> 00:18:33,045 SIMILAR TO WHAT WE'RE DOING 544 00:18:33,045 --> 00:18:34,079 TODAY. 545 00:18:34,079 --> 00:18:35,781 WE'RE CONSTANTLY DEVELOPING AND 546 00:18:35,781 --> 00:18:38,217 TESTING NEW MODELS TO PREDICT 547 00:18:38,217 --> 00:18:39,017 SPACE WEATHER AND WE'RE 548 00:18:39,017 --> 00:18:40,819 CONSTANTLY SEEKING NEW DATA TO 549 00:18:40,819 --> 00:18:43,222 REFINE THOSE MODELS. 550 00:18:43,222 --> 00:18:45,457 A HOST OF HELIOPHYSICS MISSIONS 551 00:18:45,457 --> 00:18:47,593 OBSERVED SPACE FROM A VARIETY OF 552 00:18:47,593 --> 00:18:50,095 VANTAGE POINTS. 553 00:18:50,095 --> 00:18:52,030 NOT UNLIKE TERRESTRIAL WEATHER 554 00:18:52,030 --> 00:18:54,132 SENSORS WHICH WORK IN TANDEM TO 555 00:18:54,132 --> 00:18:55,334 PAINT A BIGGER PICTURE OF OUR 556 00:18:55,334 --> 00:18:56,235 SPACE ENVIRONMENT. 557 00:18:56,235 --> 00:18:58,103 IN AUGUST 2018, NASA LAUNCHED 558 00:18:58,103 --> 00:19:00,305 THE PARKER SOLAR PROBE TO HELP 559 00:19:00,305 --> 00:19:03,342 US BETTER UNDERSTAND THE SUN'S 560 00:19:03,342 --> 00:19:04,343 ACTIVITIES, ESPECIALLY WHAT 561 00:19:04,343 --> 00:19:06,278 DRIVES THE SOLAR WIND AND HOW 562 00:19:06,278 --> 00:19:07,980 ENERGETIC PARTICLES GET 563 00:19:07,980 --> 00:19:09,381 ACCELERATED. 564 00:19:09,381 --> 00:19:10,716 THIS DATA COULD BE USED TO 565 00:19:10,716 --> 00:19:12,718 IMPROVE MODELS OF SPACE WEATHER 566 00:19:12,718 --> 00:19:14,853 FORECASTING, ULTIMATELY HELPING 567 00:19:14,853 --> 00:19:17,155 US FIND NEW AND BETTER WAYS TO 568 00:19:17,155 --> 00:19:18,891 SHIELD OUR SPACECRAFT AND 569 00:19:18,891 --> 00:19:21,393 PROTECT OUR ASTRONAUTS. 570 00:19:21,393 --> 00:19:22,794 WHETHER IT WAS THE OCEAN'S 571 00:19:22,794 --> 00:19:26,131 ANCIENT SHIPS TRAVEL THROUGH OR 572 00:19:26,131 --> 00:19:29,268 TO SPACE WE WILL ONE DAY TRAVEL 573 00:19:29,268 --> 00:19:31,169 THROUGH, WE KNOW THIS: KEEPING A 574 00:19:31,169 --> 00:19:32,104 WATCHFUL EYE ON THE ENVIRONMENT 575 00:19:32,104 --> 00:19:34,006 AROUND US IS KEY TO ENSURING 576 00:19:34,006 --> 00:19:36,008 SAFE PASSAGE. 577 00:19:36,008 --> 00:19:37,943 FOR MORE INFORMATION ABOUT WHAT 578 00:19:37,943 --> 00:19:40,145 MATTERS IN SPACE, VISIT 579 00:19:40,145 --> 00:19:43,982 SCIENCE.NASA.GOV. 580 00:19:43,982 --> 00:19:45,817 >> THE EFFORT TO PUT AMERICANS 581 00:19:45,817 --> 00:19:47,719 OUT INTO DEEP SPACE STARTING 582 00:19:47,719 --> 00:19:49,221 WITH RETURNING ASTRONAUTS TO THE 583 00:19:49,221 --> 00:19:51,156 MOON IN JUST A FEW YEARS IS 584 00:19:51,156 --> 00:19:53,158 MAKING PROGRESS ALL ACROSS THE 585 00:19:53,158 --> 00:19:54,092 COUNTRY. 586 00:19:54,092 --> 00:19:55,394 TAKE A LOOK AT SOME OF THE 587 00:19:55,394 --> 00:19:58,730 RECENT MILESTONES OF THE ARTEMIS 588 00:19:58,730 --> 00:20:01,233 PROGRAM AS THEY GET THE ORION 589 00:20:01,233 --> 00:20:03,135 SPACECRAFT AND THE LAUNCH SYSTEM 590 00:20:03,135 --> 00:20:04,469 ROCKET AND THE EXPLORATION 591 00:20:04,469 --> 00:20:05,470 GROUND SYSTEMS INFRASTRUCTURE 592 00:20:05,470 --> 00:20:06,772 ALL IN PLACE FOR THE NEXT GIANT 593 00:20:06,772 --> 00:20:16,982 LEAP. 594 00:20:16,982 --> 00:21:10,068 [ ♪♪ ] 595 00:21:10,068 --> 00:21:17,342 [ ♪♪ ] 596 00:21:17,342 --> 00:22:17,302 [ ♪♪ ] 597 00:22:17,302 --> 00:22:27,379 [ ♪♪ ] 598 00:22:27,379 --> 00:22:28,780 >> THE ASTRONAUTS WHO WILL 599 00:22:28,780 --> 00:22:29,981 COMPLETE THE JOURNEYS AT THE 600 00:22:29,981 --> 00:22:31,416 ARTEMIS PROGRAM WILL START EACH 601 00:22:31,416 --> 00:22:34,119 OF THOSE MISSIONS WITH AN 602 00:22:34,119 --> 00:22:35,153 OPPORTUNITY MOST HUMAN BEINGS 603 00:22:35,153 --> 00:22:36,855 DON'T EVER GET, TO SEE THE 604 00:22:36,855 --> 00:22:39,057 PLANET EARTH FROM ABOVE. 605 00:22:39,057 --> 00:22:40,292 IT'S AN EXPERIENCE THAT'S BEEN 606 00:22:40,292 --> 00:22:41,993 TRANSFORMATIVE FOR MANY OF THOSE 607 00:22:41,993 --> 00:22:44,229 LUCKY ENOUGH TO HAVE BEEN THERE. 608 00:22:44,229 --> 00:22:45,831 CANADIAN ASTRONAUT DAVID 609 00:22:45,831 --> 00:22:48,366 SAINT-JACQUES HAD HIS FIRST 610 00:22:48,366 --> 00:22:49,768 WIDE-ANGLE VIEW OF EARTH IN 611 00:22:49,768 --> 00:22:51,470 DECEMBER 2018 BUT HE REMEMBERS 612 00:22:51,470 --> 00:22:54,005 IT LIKE IT WAS YESTERDAY. 613 00:22:54,005 --> 00:22:55,207 >> LAUNCHING TO SPACE, OF COURSE 614 00:22:55,207 --> 00:23:00,479 WAS A MOMENTOUS EXPERIENCE. 615 00:23:00,479 --> 00:23:01,913 IT WAS QUITE FAMILIAR BECAUSE OF 616 00:23:01,913 --> 00:23:03,014 ALL THE TRAINING WE HAD. 617 00:23:03,014 --> 00:23:04,416 THOSE TEN MINUTES IN THE CAPSULE 618 00:23:04,416 --> 00:23:11,089 RIDING THE SOYUZ ROCKET, THE 619 00:23:11,089 --> 00:23:15,127 PRESSURE, BUT AFTER THOSE EIGHT 620 00:23:15,127 --> 00:23:16,828 MINUTES OF BUSY TIME AND 621 00:23:16,828 --> 00:23:18,430 HYPERAWARENESS, IF YOU WANT, OF 622 00:23:18,430 --> 00:23:19,631 OUR ENVIRONMENT IS WHEN I HAD MY 623 00:23:19,631 --> 00:23:21,266 FIRST VIEW OF THE EARTH FROM 624 00:23:21,266 --> 00:23:29,007 SPACE. 625 00:23:29,007 --> 00:23:33,545 [ ♪♪ ] 626 00:23:33,545 --> 00:23:38,884 THE LAUNCH WAS AT DUSK INTO THE 627 00:23:38,884 --> 00:23:39,484 NIGHT. 628 00:23:39,484 --> 00:23:43,421 BY THE TIME WE REACHED ORBIT IT 629 00:23:43,421 --> 00:23:45,056 WAS PITCH BLACK OUTSIDE AND 630 00:23:45,056 --> 00:23:46,358 SHORTLY AFTER BECAME OUR FIRST 631 00:23:46,358 --> 00:23:47,859 ORBITAL SUNRISE DURING THE 632 00:23:47,859 --> 00:23:50,295 RENDEZVOUS ISS. 633 00:23:50,295 --> 00:23:51,296 I WILL NEVER FORGET THAT SIGHT, 634 00:23:51,296 --> 00:23:52,798 THE THIN BLUE LINE OF THE 635 00:23:52,798 --> 00:23:53,832 ATMOSPHERE, THE CURVE OF THE 636 00:23:53,832 --> 00:23:54,332 HORIZON. 637 00:23:54,332 --> 00:23:56,034 THAT'S WHEN IT BECAME REAL, 638 00:23:56,034 --> 00:23:58,804 REALLY AT A GUT LEVEL. 639 00:23:58,804 --> 00:24:00,205 I'M ACTUALLY IN SPACE. 640 00:24:00,205 --> 00:24:01,406 WE ARE ON ORBIT. 641 00:24:01,406 --> 00:24:02,841 THIS IS NOT A SIN. 642 00:24:02,841 --> 00:24:05,243 BECAUSE YOUR MIND TENDS TO GO 643 00:24:05,243 --> 00:24:07,279 THE REASSURING ROUTE IT'S JUST A 644 00:24:07,279 --> 00:24:09,981 GAME BUT THIS IS REALITY. 645 00:24:09,981 --> 00:24:11,316 WE ARE IN SPACE IN ORBIT AND 646 00:24:11,316 --> 00:24:12,717 THAT VIEW, THAT SUNRISE I'LL 647 00:24:12,717 --> 00:24:14,219 NEVER FORGET THAT. 648 00:24:14,219 --> 00:24:17,355 THROUGH THE SIDE WINDOW OF THE 649 00:24:17,355 --> 00:24:20,992 SOYUZ, STILL IT'S AMAZING. 650 00:24:20,992 --> 00:24:27,332 IT'S LIKE BURNED IN MY MEMORY. 651 00:24:27,332 --> 00:24:32,470 [ ♪♪ ] 652 00:24:32,470 --> 00:24:35,707 I OF COURSE SPENT A LOT OF TIME 653 00:24:35,707 --> 00:24:38,810 AT THE CUPOLA LOOKING AT THE 654 00:24:38,810 --> 00:24:39,311 EARTH. 655 00:24:39,311 --> 00:24:40,445 WHAT STRUCK ME EVERY TIME I WENT 656 00:24:40,445 --> 00:24:42,247 THERE IS HOW BEAUTIFUL THE EARTH 657 00:24:42,247 --> 00:24:46,284 IS, HOW FRAGILE IT LOOKS, HOW 658 00:24:46,284 --> 00:24:49,187 ALIVE IT OBVIOUSLY IS, WITH THE 659 00:24:49,187 --> 00:24:51,022 CLOUDS, THE WATER, IT'S LIKE 660 00:24:51,022 --> 00:24:52,624 IT'S BREATHING. 661 00:24:52,624 --> 00:24:55,160 AURORAS. 662 00:24:55,160 --> 00:24:56,361 THE HUMANS. 663 00:24:56,361 --> 00:24:58,296 AT NIGHT IT'S OBVIOUSLY THE 664 00:24:58,296 --> 00:25:00,932 LIGHTS BUT IT'S THE DEATH AROUND 665 00:25:00,932 --> 00:25:03,869 THE EARTH THAT'S STARTLING. 666 00:25:03,869 --> 00:25:05,770 HOW THIS BEAUTIFUL SHINING OASIS 667 00:25:05,770 --> 00:25:07,806 OF LIGHT IS THERE NAKED IN THE 668 00:25:07,806 --> 00:25:12,944 MIDDLE OF PITCH BLACK, DEATH, 669 00:25:12,944 --> 00:25:18,783 THE VACUUM OF SPACE. 670 00:25:18,783 --> 00:25:20,485 AND THEN THERE'S THE DANCE OF 671 00:25:20,485 --> 00:25:22,320 THE CELESTIAL BODIES, THE MOON 672 00:25:22,320 --> 00:25:23,722 IS THERE BUT THE MOON IS JUST A 673 00:25:23,722 --> 00:25:24,923 ROCK. 674 00:25:24,923 --> 00:25:27,559 THE SUN IS JUST A BALL OF FIRE 675 00:25:27,559 --> 00:25:28,960 AND HERE'S THE EARTH. 676 00:25:28,960 --> 00:25:31,596 THIS PERFECT OASIS, SO EVEN 677 00:25:31,596 --> 00:25:33,798 THOUGH I KNEW THIS, ABSTRACTLY, 678 00:25:33,798 --> 00:25:35,934 LIKE EVERYBODY DOES NOW, WE ARE 679 00:25:35,934 --> 00:25:38,136 ALL SEEING THOSE IMAGES, TO SEE 680 00:25:38,136 --> 00:25:40,171 IT WITH YOUR OWN EYES, YOU 681 00:25:40,171 --> 00:25:43,074 DEVELOP A SENSE OF AWE AND ALSO 682 00:25:43,074 --> 00:25:45,510 YOU CANNOT GO TO SPACE AND 683 00:25:45,510 --> 00:25:48,747 CONTINUE IF YOU WERE THINKING 684 00:25:48,747 --> 00:25:54,252 THAT IT'S INFINITE. 685 00:25:54,252 --> 00:25:56,388 IT'S A FINITE SYSTEM. 686 00:25:56,388 --> 00:25:58,023 IT'S A CLOSED SYSTEM. 687 00:25:58,023 --> 00:26:00,759 THERE'S NO NEW AIR, NO NEW 688 00:26:00,759 --> 00:26:02,360 WATER, IT'S ALL RECYCLED AND 689 00:26:02,360 --> 00:26:04,596 IT'S BEEN FOR BILLIONS OF YEARS 690 00:26:04,596 --> 00:26:06,598 AND IT IS PERFECTLY BALANCED AND 691 00:26:06,598 --> 00:26:08,633 PERFECTLY MATCHED TO OUR NEEDS. 692 00:26:08,633 --> 00:26:10,435 WE ARE MATCHED TO HER. 693 00:26:10,435 --> 00:26:13,171 THAT CONCRETE REALIZATION THAT 694 00:26:13,171 --> 00:26:15,573 WE BELONG TO EARTH AND NOT VICE 695 00:26:15,573 --> 00:26:17,809 VERSA, IT'S KIND OF A MENTAL 696 00:26:17,809 --> 00:26:19,010 SHIFT. 697 00:26:19,010 --> 00:26:21,813 THERE'S NOWHERE ELSE WE COULD 698 00:26:21,813 --> 00:26:22,314 GO. 699 00:26:22,314 --> 00:26:23,748 WE COULD TALK ABOUT COLONIZING 700 00:26:23,748 --> 00:26:25,850 OTHER PLANETS, BUT IT'S KIND OF 701 00:26:25,850 --> 00:26:28,286 SMARTER AND CHEAPER TO JUST TAKE 702 00:26:28,286 --> 00:26:30,422 CARE OF EARTH AS SHE IS. 703 00:26:30,422 --> 00:26:31,523 THAT WAS VERY ENDEARING, THAT 704 00:26:31,523 --> 00:26:32,123 VISION. 705 00:26:32,123 --> 00:26:34,426 I CAN CLOSE MY EYES AND ALWAYS 706 00:26:34,426 --> 00:26:36,161 GO BACK TO THE CUPOLA LOOKING AT 707 00:26:36,161 --> 00:26:38,063 THE PLANET. 708 00:26:38,063 --> 00:26:40,699 THAT BLUE LINE, UNBELIEVABLE. 709 00:26:40,699 --> 00:26:42,901 IT MAKES THE EARTH LOOK ALIVE. 710 00:26:42,901 --> 00:26:48,540 SHE'S GLOWING. 711 00:26:48,540 --> 00:26:50,175 THE LITTLE BUBBLE WE LIVE IN, 712 00:26:50,175 --> 00:26:52,777 IT'S TINY. 713 00:26:52,777 --> 00:26:58,783 IN A WAY, SOBERING PERSPECTIVE, 714 00:26:58,783 --> 00:27:02,787 HOW FRAGILE, UNIQUE AND JUST 715 00:27:02,787 --> 00:27:06,424 SACRED OUR RELATIONSHIP TO EARTH 716 00:27:06,424 --> 00:27:07,425 IS AND THE RESPONSIBILITY WE 717 00:27:07,425 --> 00:27:09,060 HAVE TO BE GOOD SHEPHERDS OF 718 00:27:09,060 --> 00:27:09,961 EARTH. 719 00:27:09,961 --> 00:27:12,364 IT IS THE HOME OF BILLIONS OF 720 00:27:12,364 --> 00:27:14,899 HUMANS AND BILLIONS OF OTHER 721 00:27:14,899 --> 00:27:17,402 SPECIES. 722 00:27:17,402 --> 00:27:19,437 COMPLETELY AUTONOMOUS IN THE 723 00:27:19,437 --> 00:27:20,538 VACUUM OF SPACE. 724 00:27:20,538 --> 00:27:21,439 IT'S JUST A MIRACLE. 725 00:27:21,439 --> 00:27:22,574 YOU WANT TO PROTECT EARTH 726 00:27:22,574 --> 00:27:24,876 BECAUSE IT IS OUR ONLY 727 00:27:24,876 --> 00:27:26,811 SPACECRAFT. 728 00:27:26,811 --> 00:27:28,513 THE WHOLE OF US, WE'RE ALL 729 00:27:28,513 --> 00:27:30,415 ASTRONAUTS LIVING IN A DEADLY 730 00:27:30,415 --> 00:27:32,050 VACUUM OF SPACE BEING KEPT ALIVE 731 00:27:32,050 --> 00:27:33,852 BY THIS BEAUTIFUL PERFECT 732 00:27:33,852 --> 00:27:44,829 MACHINE. 733 00:27:44,829 --> 00:27:45,930 >> IF YOU WOULD LIKE TO GET 734 00:27:45,930 --> 00:27:47,766 ANOTHER LOOK AT THAT FEATURE OR 735 00:27:47,766 --> 00:27:50,468 ANY OF THE OTHER STORIES WE 736 00:27:50,468 --> 00:27:52,704 SHOWED YOU TODAY, AND WHO COULD 737 00:27:52,704 --> 00:27:54,839 BLAME YOU, CHECK US OUT ON 738 00:27:54,839 --> 00:27:56,241 YOUTUBE AND FACEBOOK. 739 00:27:56,241 --> 00:27:56,875 THERE ARE THE ADDRESSES AND LOOK 740 00:27:56,875 --> 00:27:57,776 AROUND BECAUSE THERE ARE LOTS OF 741 00:27:57,776 --> 00:27:58,877 OTHER FEATURES YOU WOULD LIKE TO 742 00:27:58,877 --> 00:28:01,913 SEE ABOUT NASA AND AMERICA'S 743 00:28:01,913 --> 00:28:03,948 HUMAN SPACE FLIGHT PROGRAM. 744 00:28:03,948 --> 00:28:04,849 CHECK OUT HOUSTON WE HAVE A 745 00:28:04,849 --> 00:28:06,151 PODCAST WHERE WE TALK TO FOLKS 746 00:28:06,151 --> 00:28:07,986 ABOUT THEIR WORK IN ALL ASPECTS 747 00:28:07,986 --> 00:28:10,488 OF SPACE EXPLORATION. 748 00:28:10,488 --> 00:28:11,990 NEW EPISODES POST EVERY FRIDAY 749 00:28:11,990 --> 00:28:13,925 AND TODAY AS NASA PRESSES AHEAD 750 00:28:13,925 --> 00:28:15,927 WITH PROJECT ARTEMIS MISSIONS 751 00:28:15,927 --> 00:28:17,262 THAT WILL TAKE US BACK TO THE 752 00:28:17,262 --> 00:28:22,200 MOON, GARY JORDAN TAKES WITH 753 00:28:22,200 --> 00:28:23,301 SPECIALISTS HERE IN HOUSTON THAT 754 00:28:23,301 --> 00:28:24,502 HAVE JUST OPENED FOR THE FIRST 755 00:28:24,502 --> 00:28:26,538 TIME SAMPLES OF LUNAR MATERIAL 756 00:28:26,538 --> 00:28:28,139 THAT WERE BROUGHT BACK ON APOLLO 757 00:28:28,139 --> 00:28:30,175 17 IN 1972. 758 00:28:30,175 --> 00:28:33,178 GO TO NASA.GOV/PODCASTS FOR 759 00:28:33,178 --> 00:28:34,813 TODAY'S EPISODE. 760 00:28:34,813 --> 00:28:36,314 IT'S ALSO WHERE YOU WILL FIND 761 00:28:36,314 --> 00:28:38,016 ALL THE OTHER PREVIOUS EPISODES 762 00:28:38,016 --> 00:28:39,751 AND THE FULL LIBRARY OF ALL THE 763 00:28:39,751 --> 00:28:41,453 NASA PODCASTS, ALL OF WHICH YOU 764 00:28:41,453 --> 00:28:43,088 CAN ALSO LISTEN TO ON APPLE 765 00:28:43,088 --> 00:28:44,389 PODCAST, GOOGLE PODCAST AND 766 00:28:44,389 --> 00:28:45,390 SOUNDCLOUD.