>> IGNITION SEQUENCE START.
>> GOOD MORNING, AND WELCOME TO
MISSION CONTROL HOUSTON.
YOU ARE LOOKING AT THE
INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION
FLIGHT CONTROL ROOM, MEMBERS OF
THE ORBIT TWO FLIGHT TEAM OF
FLIGHT CONTROLLERS AND KEEPING
TAG ON THE SYSTEMS.
COMMANDER, AND THE RUSSIAN
AMERICAN AND ITALIAN CREW MATES
FOCUS ON THE STATION MAINTENANCE
AND THE SCIENCE ACTIVITY THIS IS
WEEK AND KEPT THEIR EYES ON THE
BIG WEATHER OF THE STORY OF THE
YEAR, DEVELOPING OUTSIDE OF
THEIR WINDOW.
>> WELCOME TO SPACE TO GROUND.
THIS WEEK THE CAMERAS ON THE
INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION WERE
TRAINED ON HURRICANE DORIAN.
POWERFUL STORM SEEN FROM 250
MILES ABOVE THE EARTH THROUGHOUT
THE PATH AND AFFECTING THE
BAHAMAS AND THE SOUTHEAST UNITED
STATES AND GOING TO NORTH.
NASA ASTRONAUTS SHARED THEIR
PHOTOS AND UNVIEWED SPACECRAFT
IS UNDOCKING FROM THE
INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION
AFTER THE SHORT STAY ABOARD.
AFTER 11 DAYS ABOARD, IT IS SET
TO UNDOCK AND RETURN TO EARTH
FOR A LANDING.
INSIDE IS THE RUSSIAN CARGO AND
ROBOT, SKYBOT.
WATCH THE CRAFT UNDOCK FOR THE
STATION LIVE ON NASA TV.
NO VIEWS ARE PROVIDED FOR THE
LANDING.
THIS WEEK'S QUESTION, WHO ASKS
ABOUT THE SPACE STATION
CONNECTING SPEED.
IT IS FASTER NOW.
THE SPACE STATION COMMUNICATES
WITH A SYSTEM OF TRACKING AND
RELAY DATA SATELLITES THAT ARE
PART OF THE SPACE NETWORK AND
NASA UPGRADED THE SOFTWARE, DATA
PROCESSORS AND MORE TO INCREASE
THE DATA RATE TO 600 MEGABYTES
PER SECOND.
ACCESS TO THE INTERNET IS A
SMALL ACTION, THE PRIMARY IS
OPERATING THE SPACE STATION
SYSTEMS AND COLLECTING
SCIENTIFIC DATA.
THIS WEEK IT WAS USED FOR PLANT
GROWTH AND MORE.
CONTINUE TO SEND IN YOUR
QUESTIONS.
SEE YOU NEXT WEEK.
>> AS WE MENTIONED THERE NASA TV
HAS LIVE COVERAGE ON THE
UNDOCKING OF THE SPACECRAFT FROM
THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION
STARTING AT 12:45 HOUSTON THIS
AFTERNOON AND UNDOCKING 1:13.
WE DON'T HAVE LIVE COVERAGE OF
THE LANDING, THAT HAPPENS AT
4:35 HOUSTON TIME THIS
AFTERNOON.
59, THE LAST SPACECRAFT BRINGING
PEOPLE TO THE SPACE STATION.
EUROPEAN ASTRONAUT, MORGAN'S
FIRST LAUNCH TO SPACE HAPPENED
ON THE 50TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE
FIRST LANDING OF THE HUMAN
BEINGS ON THE MOON.
HE'S NO STRANGER TO MAKING GIANT
LEAPS.
♪
I THINK I OFTEN DESCRIBE MYSELF
AS A SOLDIER, ASTRONAUT.
ONE OF THE EARLIEST MEMORIES IS
ALWAYS WANTING TO BE IN THE
MILITARY AND BEING A SOLDIER.
MY GRANDPARENTS AND FATHER WAS
AN AIR FORCE OFFICER AND I HEARD
THE STORY OF MY GREAT UNCLE WHO
WAS A PARATROOPER IN WORLD WAR
TWO AND JUMPED ON D DAY AND
JUMPED IN HOLLAND.
THAT WAS THE FIRST TIME I HEARD
OF A CONCEPT OF PARATROOPER OR
AIRBORNE SOLDIER AND I WENT TO
WEST POINT, I KNEW I WAS VERY
INTERESTED IN THE AIRBORNE
SOLDIER.
THERE WAS A PARACHUTE TEAM.
>> I MADE THE PARACHUTE TEAM
AND THAT BECAME ONE OF THE
CENTRAL ACTIVITIES OF ME
REMAINING 3 AND A HALF YEARS AT
WEST POINT AND IN ADDITION TO
THE ACADEMICS, AFTER CLASS WE
JUMPED MOST DAYS OF THE WEEK AND
WE WERE A DEMONSTRATION TEAM
JUMPING INTO THE FOOTBALL TEAMS
AND WENT THROUGH THE BASIC
COURSE TEACHING THE PARACHUTING
AND GOING BACK TO BEING A CADET,
MY TEAMMATES BECAME MY BEST
FRIENDS IN THE WORLD AND
CONTINUE TO BE THIS DAY.
MAKING SURE WE ARE SKILLED IN
THE AIRCRAFT AND IN THE AIR, OUR
LIVES DEPENDED ON EACH OTHER FOR
THE SAFETY CHECKS, THAT IS
SOMETHING THAT I FEEL KNOW AT
THE CORE.
I THINK ABOUT HOW 20 YEARS AGO I
WAS DEVELOPING THOSE SKILLS AT
AN EARLY AGE AND DIDN'T KNOW IT.
I'M ANDREW MORGAN, A SOLDIER,
PHYSICIAN AND ASTRONAUT.
>> THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE
STATION IS A LABORATORY IN SPACE
WHERE SCIENTISTS CAN DO RESEARCH
IN A VARIETY OF DISCIPLINES AND
REMOVE THE CONSTANT OF GRAVITY
FROM THE EQUATION IN WAYS YOU
CAN DIDN'T DO ON EARTH.
THIS IS USEFUL IN THE NATURAL
SCIENCES, FINDING HOW TO HARNESS
IS FLUIDS IN A MORE EFFICIENT
WAY AND IMPROVING SYSTEMS FOR
MOVING FLUIDS IN MICRO GRAVITY.
>> INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION
CREW MEMBERS ARE THE TEST
SUBJECTS IN SOME OF THE RESEARCH
IN SPACE, AS SCIENTISTS DISCOVER
AND INVESTIGATE RATHER HOW BEING
IN SPACE IMPACTS HUMAN HEALTH,
INCLUDING A ROUTINE FOR SLEEP,
THAT IS KEY BEING ABLE TO
FUNCTION TO THE BEST OF THEIR
ABILITY.
RICKY TALKS ABOUT THE PROBLEM
WITH SLEEP IN SPACE, AND HOW THE
ASTRONAUTS OVER COME THEM.
>> HI, I'M RICKY ARNOLD FROM THE
INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION.
WE ASK ASKED A LOT HOW DO WE
SLEEP IN SPACE.
THAT IS AN IMPORTANT QUESTION IF
YOU ARE NOT GETTING GOOD SLEEP
YOU HAVE REDUCED COGNITIVE TIMES
AND GRUMPY.
SO WE GO AROUND THE EARTH EVERY
90 MINUTES AND 16 SUNRISES AND
SUNSETS A DAY AND HOW WE SLEEP
IS A GOOD QUESTION, THE SUN IS
COMING UP OR SETTING AND WE USE
THE CUES ON EARTH WHEN IT IS
TIME TO BEGIN OR TIME TO END THE
DAY.
>> RICKY IS TALKING ABOUT THE
RHYTHM, SLEEPING AND WAKING
BASED ON A 24 HOUR SCHEDULE, THE
16 SUNRISES AND SUNSETS CAN
CAUSE DISRUPTION AND LOSS SLEEP
CAUSES POOR ATTENTION AND
CHRONIC DISEASE.
SLEEP IS SUPER IMPORTANT.
RICKY, WHAT ARE YOU DOING TO GET
SLEEP ON THE SPACE STATION?
>> HERE IN SPACE, WE ARE DOING
IT ARTIFICIALLY AND WE HAVE CREW
QUARTERS, IT IS THE SIZE OF A
REFRIGERATOR AND IT IS QUIET AND
WE CONTROL THE LIGHT WITH A
LIGHT SWITCH.
IF WE ARE JUST MIDDLE OF THE
DAY, WE HAVE A LIGHT LIKE YOU
ARE SEEING NOW, IT IS STANDARD
LIGHTING AND GETTING CLOSE TO
THE EVENING, DIM THE LIGHT A
LITTLE BIT, OR IF YOU ARE UP
LATE WE HAVE A BRIGHT LIGHT
SETTING.
THE OTHER THING THAT WE HAVE IS
OFF.
YOU SEE HOW DARK IT GOT.
ANOTHER CHALLENGE SLEEPING ON
THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION
SLEEPING IN MICRO GRAVITY IS
NICE, FLOAT AND STRETCH OUT.
THE PROBLEM IS WITH THE AIR
COUNTRIES IN THE INTERNATIONAL
SPACE STATION, YOU CAN VERY WELL
FLOAT INTO HARDWARE AND HIT YOUR
HEAD OR BREAK SOMETHING.
SO WE HAVE A SLEEPING BAG, LIKE
A SLEEPING BAG ON EARTH AND WE
HAVE CORDS TO HELP US.
I WILL A PILLOW, FULL OF
CLOTHING, AND IT IS ON THE TOP
OF MY HEAD, I'M TALL AND I TEPID
TO HIT MY HEAD ON THE CEILING
WHEN I'M SLEEPING.
I HAVE THE SLEEPING BAG AND THE
CORDS AND UNZIP THE SLEEPING
BAG, CLIMB UNDER THE CORD, AND
CLIMB INTO THE SLEEPING BAG,
MAKE SURE YOU ARE NICE AND
SECURE, ZIP YOURSELF UP, PLAN ON
GETTING A GOOD NIGHT'S SLEEP SO
GOOD REACTION TIME AND THE
COGNITIVE ABILITY IS WHERE IT
NEEDS TO BE AND NOT GRUMPY IN
THE MORNING W. THAT I'M ALL SET.
GOOD NIGHT FROM THE ISS.
♪
>> STUDYING THE INTERNATIONAL
SPACE STATION CREW MEMBERS TO
LEARN HOW THE HUMAN BODIES
RESPOND TO THE WEIGHTLESSNESS IS
ONE ASPECT OF THE JOURNEY ON THE
INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION.
IT IS PROVIDING A PLACE DESIGNED
BY THE STUDENTS AND COMBINED FOR
THE GENES IN SPACE COMPETITION
THAT CHALLENGES THE STUDENTS AND
THE TEACHERS TO DESIGN AND FLY
AND EXPERIMENT ABOUT THE
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ALTERED
D.N.A. AND THE WEAKENED IMMUNE
SYSTEMS SOME ASTRONAUTS
EXPERIENCE IN THE SPACE FLIGHT
AND THE EXPERIMENT US UP TO THAT
CHALLENGE.
>> WHEN I WAS FOUR, I TOLD MY
MOTH ERR WAS GOING TO BE AN
ASTRONAUT AND I DON'T WANT TO
GET SICK AND IF THEY ARE NOT
DOING WHAT I THINK ABOUT THE
IMMUNE SYSTEM I WILL LOOK IT UP
ITSELF.
THIS CHAIN REACTION.
WE NOW HAVE MORE D.N.A.
CAPABILITIES ON THE STATION AND
WHEN GOING UP IT WAS THE FIRST.
>> THIS IS TIMOTHY INTERNATIONAL
SPACE STATION, I'M THIS IS A
MESSAGE TO ANNA SAYING
CONGRATULATIONS FOR YOUR WINNING
SUBMISSION TO INVESTIGATE THE
EFFECTS OF COSMIC RADIATION ON
THE BODY'S IMMUNE SYSTEM.
>> YOU HAVE MEANT TO A BALANCE,
WHEN IN THE PLACE YOU HAVE A
MORE DOMINANT AND DECREASES THE
CELL AND IMMUNITY AND JUST
GENERALLY HAMPERS THE IMMUNE
SYSTEM.
>> THE SPACE TRAVELLERS OF TODAY
AND THOSE OF TOMORROW HAVE ONE
THING IN COMMON WITH THE
EXPLORERS OF OLD, ALL AT THE
MERCY OF THE WEATHER AND HAVE TO
BE PROTECTED FROM THE RADIATION
OF THE DEEP SPACE AND THEY ARE
WORKING TO IMPROVE THE ABILITY
TO FORECAST DANGEROUS SPACE
WEATHER.
>> THE SPACE WE TRAVEL THROUGH.
PRESENTED BY SCIENCE AT NASA.
WHEN SEA FARING NATIONS BEGAN TO
EXPLORE THE PARTS OF THE WORLD,
HOW TO COPE WITH WEATHER WAS A
FACTOR AND HARNESS THE WIND FOR
THE POWER AND RELY ON THE SUNS
AND STARS FOR NAVIGATION AND
BUILD THE STURDY SHIPS BUT IF A
STORM AROSE THEY WERE AT
MOTHER'S NATURE.
THEY ARE ONE ON THE CUSP OF
EXPLORING NEW WORLDS BUT AT THE
ISSUE IS THE WEATHER.
PARTICLES, ENERGY AND MAGNETIC
FIELDS TRAVEL THROUGH THE VOID.
MUCH OF THIS IS FROM THE SUN'S
CORONA AS PART OF THE FLOW KNOWN
AS THE SOLAR WIND.
THERE ARE ALSO HIGH ENERGY
PARTICLES OR COSMIC RAYS IN THE
MIX, WHICH TRAVEL VAST DISTANCES
FROM DYING STARS OR SUPERNOVA
AND THE EARTH'S MAGNETIC FIELD
AND THE ATMOSPHERE ACTS AS A
SHOULD AGAINST THE HARMFUL FORMS
OF RADIATION, BUT IN SPACE NO
SUCH DETERENT.
WE NEED WAYS TO PROTECT THE
ASTRONAUTS.
THE SPACE WEATHER SCIENTIST
NOTES WE ARE WORKING HARD TO
FORECAST WHEN THE PARTICLES WILL
BE AT THE PEAK, SUCH IN SOLAR
FLARES OR MASS EJECTIONS.
ACUTE EXPOSURE TO THE PARTICLES
IS A SERIOUS CONCERN FOR
ASTRONAUTS AND INSTRUMENTS,
THEREFORE, HAVING A BETTER
UNDERSTANDING OF WHEN TO EXPECT
SOLAR ACTIVITY IS IMPORTANT FOR
SAFELY SENDING OUR ASTRONAUTS
AND SPACECRAFT THROUGH SPACE AND
SPACE WEATHER ACTIVITY CAN
ACTUALLY PROTECT ANOTHER THREAT
TO ASTRONAUTS, THE SUN'S
ACTIVITY CAN BLOCK THE DANGEROUS
COSMIC RAYS COMING FROM THE
STARS THAT IS PRESENT AND
UNDERSTANDING THE COMPLEXITY
THAT WE ARE TRYING TO MITIGATE
FOR THE SPACE TRAVELLERS.
OVER TIME, THE SEA CAPTAINS
LEARNED WHEN TO SAIL AND STAY IN
THE HARBOR BASED ON THE
KNOWLEDGE OF THE WEATHER.
IT IS MORE RISKIER TO BE ON THE
SEAS DURING THE HURRICANE
SEASON.
HE SAYS IT IS VERY SIMILAR TO
WHAT WE ARE DOING TODAY.
WE ARE CONSTANTLY DEVELOPING AND
TESTING NEW MODELS TO PREDICT
SPACE WEATHER AND CONSTANTLY
SEEKING NEW DATA TO REFINE THE
MODELS.
THEY HAVE OBSERVED SPACE FROM A
VARIETY OF VANTAGE POINTS, NOT
UNLIKE THE TERRESTRIAL.
IN AUGUST 2018, NASA LAUNCHED
THE PARKER SOLAR PROBE TO HELP
US BETTER UNDERSTAND THE SUN'S
ACTIVITY, ESPECIALLY WHAT DRIVES
THE SOLAR WIND AND HOW THE
PARTICLES GET ACCELERATED.
THIS DATA CAN BE USED TO IMPROVE
THE SPACE WEATHER FORECASTING
AND FINDING NEW AND BETTER WAYS
TO SHIELD THE SPACECRAFT AND
PROTECT THE ASTRONAUTS.
WHETHER THE SHIPS OR INTO SPACE,
WE KNOW THIS, KEEPING A WATCHFUL
EYE ON THE ENVIRONMENT AROUND IS
US KEY TO SECURING SAFE PASSAGE.
>> STUDYING THE SPACE
ENVIRONMENT IS JUST A PART OF
THE OVERALL EFFORT OF SPACE
EXPLORATION AND THEY ARE
DEVELOPING THE HARDWARE NEEDED
TO RETURN MEN TO THE MOON.
HERE IS A BREAK DOWN OF THE
ELEMENTS FOR MOVING OUT BEYOND
THE ORBIT.
>> SO YOU WANT TO GO TO MARS?
HOW DO WE SPEND HUMANS TO DEEP
SPACE?
IN ORDER FOR HUMANS TO EXPLORE
THE MOON, MARS AND BEYOND, WE
NEED SAFE, FLEXIBLE AND POWERFUL
SYSTEMS THAT MAKE IT ALL
POSSIBLE.
WE START WITH THE WORLD'S
LARGEST SPACE SPORT AT KENNEDY
SPACE WE HAVE THE BUILDINGS AND
TOOLS TO ASSEMBLE AND LAUNCH THE
SPACE VEHICLES.
NEXT UP, WE NEED A DEEP SPACE
ROCKET, IT IS THE MOST POWERFUL
ROCKET NASA HAS EVER BUILT AND
IT HAS THE MUSCLE TO LIFT THE
PEOPLE AND THE EQUIPMENT NEEDED.
IT IS GOING TO BLAST OFF WITH A
CREW, THE MOST ADVANCED
SPACECRAFT EVER BUILT FOR HUMAN
EXPLORATION.
IT IS PROVIDING THE LIFE
SUPPORT, POWER, COMMUNICATIONS
AND OTHER SYSTEMS TO SAFELY
TRANSPORT ASTRONAUTS ON THE
MISSIONS TO THE MOON.
WE'LL LEARN TO LIVE AND WORK IN
A DEEP SPACE ENVIRONMENT,
SOMETHING THEY HAVE NEVER SEEN
BEFORE.
NASA'S GATEWAY IS A PLACE TO
WORK, PREPARE AND LIVE FOR THE
SOLAR SYSTEM.
THERE YOU HAVE IT.
NASA'S DEEP SPACE EXPLORATION
SYSTEM, CHARTING THE NEW FUTURE
IN SPACE.
TO FIND OUT MORE, VISIT THIS
NASA WEBSITE.
>> AT THE TOP OF THE SHOW W TOLD
YOU ABOUT THE CREW MEMBERS USING
THEIR VANTAGE POINT ABOUT
HURRICANE DORIAN.
THE TRUTH IS, MOST OF THE CREW
MEMBERS SOME TIME OF THEIR TIME
ON ORBIT LOOKING DOWN AT THE
EARTH AND TAKING PICTURES, JEFF
WILLIAMS AIMED THE HIGH
DEFINITION VIDEO CAMERA AT THE
PLANET.
AFTER GETTING HOME, WE ASKED HIM
TO SHARE THE IMAGES AND TALK THE
BEAUTY AND THE VARIETY AND THE
VALUE OF SHARING THAT
PERSPECTIVE TO EVERYONE THAT
CAN'T GO INTO ORBIT IN PERSON.
>> I DON'T REMEMBER WHERE WE
WERE THE FIRST TIME I VIEWED THE
EARTH BUT I REMEMBER GETTING OUT
OF THE SPACE SUITS AND FLOATING
BACK UP AND HAVING A CHANCE TO
ACTUALLY GET MY FULL VIEW OUT
THE WINDOW TO GET CLOSE TO THE
WINDOW AND THE VIEW OF THE
EARTH.
WHAT STRUCK ME WAS THE OVERALL
BEAUTY OF THE PLANET, WITH THE
BLUES OF OCEANS AND WHITES OF
THE CLOUD FORMATION.
I HUT A HIGH PRIORITY ON
PHOTOGRAPHY AND VIDEO OUT THE
WINDOW OF THE EARTH.
YOU SEE THINGS AT A DIFFERENT
SCALE AND I THINK YOU CAN GROW
IN YOUR APPRECIATION FOR WHAT
THE EARTH HAS TO OFFER TO
SUPPORT OUR LIVELIHOOD AND
SUPPORT CIVILIZATIONS AND NOW WE
CAN SEE IT AT A GLOBAL SCALE AND
GROW IN WHAT IS UNIQUE TO OUR
EARTH.
TO VIEW THE EARTH FROM SPACE, OF
COURSE, ESPECIALLY FROM THE
PHOTOGRAPHER'S POINT OF VIEW, IT
IS RICH IN ENVIRONMENT, THE
OCEAN CURRENTS AND THE VASTNESS
OF THE OCEANS AND IN PARTICULAR
THE SUN, THE CLOUD FORMATIONS
AND OTHER WEATHER PATTERNS, THE
DIFFERENT LAND FORMS THAT YOU
HAVE SHOW THEMSELVES IN
DIFFERENT WAYS.
FOREST AREA ARE MUCH DIFFERENT
THAN PLAINS, AGRICULTURAL STANDS
OUT.
YOU CAN SEE ELEMENTS OF THE
CULTURE, AND THE HISTORY OF THE
AREA JUST THROUGH THE PATTERNS
OF AGRICULTURAL.
SAND DUNES BECAME ONE OF MY
FAVORITE THINGS TO TAKE PICTURES
OF.
YOU ALSO HAVE THE EVIDENCE OF
CIVILIZATION AND HABITATION ON
THE EARTH.
EVERY SUNSET AND EVERY SUNRISE
IS UNIQUE ESPECIALLY IN THE
PATTERNS OF CLOUD FORMATIONS
THAT THAT SUN SETS OR RISES FROM
BEHIND.
♪
WHEN YOU ARE FINISHING AND BACK
TO THE EARTH, THE MEMORIES
DIMINISH QUICKLY, SO TO CAPTURE
THE MEMORIES, TO BE ABLE TO
BRING BACK THE EXPERIENCE TO
OTHERS IN VIEWING THIS PLANET,
NOW WE CAN SEE IT IN A GLOBAL
SCALE AND MAYBE GROW IN YOUR
APPRECIATION OF THOSE THINGS
THAT ARE UNIQUE TO EARTH.
>> IF YOU WOULD LIKE TO GET
ANOTHER LOOK AT THE STORIES THAT
WE HAVE FEATURED TODAY, YOU CAN,
CHECK US OUT ON YouTube AND
FACEBOOK.
LOOK AROUND WHILE YOU ARE THERE.
SINCE YOU ARE ON THE INTERNET,
CHECK OUT HOUSTON WE HAVE A
PODCAST AND TALKING THE WORK
HERE.
WE POST NEW EPISODES EVERY
FRIDAY.
WE GET A LOOK AT THE NEW
COMMERCIAL FLYING UNIT AND TALK
WITH THE BOEING ENGINEERS.
GO TO NASA.GOV/PODCAST AND THE
PREVIOUS EPISODES ARE THERE AND
THE FULL LIBRARY OF THE PODCASTS
AND AVAILABLE ON APPLE AND
GOOGLE AND SOUND CLOUD.