>> GOOD MORNING. WELCOME TO
MISSION CONTROL HOUSTON.
YOU'RE LOOKING AT THE FLIGHT
CONTROL ROOM AND ORBIT TWO TEAM
FLIGHT CONTROLLERS.
WHO ARE MONITORING THE SYSTEMS
AND WORKING WITH THE CREW
MEMBERS AS THEY END THE NEAR
WORKWEEK.
AND COMMANDER, JANINE AND
CHRISTINA COOK HAVE AN OFF
WEEKEND IN STORE AFTER A BUSY
WEEK OF MAINTENANCE.
INCLUDED EXPERIMENT ON
PERCEPTION OF TIME TO THE
CULTIVATION OF FRESH VEGETABLES.
>> WELCOME TO SPACE TO GROUND.
THIS WEEK, FRESH FOOD PRODUCTION
IN SPACE.
HEALTHY NUTRITIOUS DIET IS
ESSENTIAL FOR EXPLORATION
MISSION TO THE MOON AND BEYOND.
SCIENTISTS ARE LOOKING TO
SUPPLEMENT THE ASTRONAUT'S DIET
WITH FRESH FOODS GROWN IN
FLIGHT.
THEY HAVE BEEN TESTING GROWN
TECHNIQUES TO HELP MEET THE
NEED.
CURRENT RESEARCH WILL BE LOOKING
AT IMPACTS FROM WHITE QUALITY
AND FERTILIZER TO NUTRITIONAL
VALUE.
HALF OF THE CROPS WILL RETURN TO
EARTH FOR ANALYSIS.
AND THIS WEEK, THE CREW
PERFORMED TIME PERCEPTION AND
MICRO GRAVITY INVESTIGATION.
>> THIS EXPERIMENT INVESTIGATES
THE PERCEPTION OF TIME TO CREW
MEMBERS ABOARD THE SPACE
STATION, SOMETHING THAT HAS NOT
BEEN STUDIED DURING LONG
DURATION OF SPACE FLIGHTS.
TOGETHER WITH OCULAR CONTROL,
HAND AND EYE COORDINATION AND
TIME PERCEPTION, IS CRITICAL FOR
CONTROL OF VEHICLES AND OTHER
COMPLEX SYSTEMS DURING HUMAN
SPACE FLIGHT.
AS PART OF THE EXPERIMENT,
ASTRONAUTS WEAR A VR HEAD SET
AND HAVE TO RESPOND TO AUDIO
EXCUSE.
THEY ARE COMPARED WITH PREAND
POST FLIGHT BASELINE.
EVIDENCE OF THE RESEARCH
DEMONSTRATE THE FUNCTIONS ARE
ALTERED IN SPACE AND ON EARTH.
THIS WEEK'S QUESTION COMES FROM
BRIANNA, SHE WANTS TO KNOW HOW
LANDING IN THE MOON IN 2024 WILL
IMPACT GIRLS AROUND THE GLOBE.
>> I SEE IT AS IMPACTING ONE
MAJOR WAY.
I HOPE IT IS INSPIRING FOR ALL
PEOPLE AROUND THE GLOBE.
YOU KNOW 50 YEARS AGO, WHEN WE
FIRST LANDED ON THE MOON, NOT
ONLY WERE THE ASTRONAUTS NOT
FEATURING WOMEN, YOU DIDN'T SEE
WOMEN TOO MUCH IN THE MISSION
CONTROL ROOM.
THAT'S ALL GOING TO BE DIFFERENT
THE NEXT TIME AROUND.
WE WILL HAVE WOMEN CONTRIBUTING
AND BEING RECOGNIZED FOR THE
CONTRIBUTIONS IN MISSION CONTROL
AS THE ENGINEERS THAT THE DESIGN
THE ROCKETS IN THE SPACECRAFT
AND INDEED AS THE ASTRONAUTS
MAKING THE BLUEPRINTS ON THE
MOON.
>> KEEP SENDING YOUR QUESTIONS,
USING THE #ASK NASA.
WE'LL SEE YOU NEXT WEEK.
>> INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION
HAS A LABORATORY IN SPACE IS
DESIGNED TO BE A PLACE WHERE
SCIENTISTS COULD DO RESEARCH,
AND REMOVE THE CONSTANT
GRAFSHITY ON WAYS THEY CANNOT DO
ON EARTH.
IN NATURAL SCIENCE, THIS IS
ESPECIALLY USEFUL.
FINDING OUT HOW SURFACE TENSION
AND CAP TEARY FLOW.
AND WHAT MAY LOOK LIKE SOMEONE
HAVING FUN COULD HELP IMPROVE
SYSTEMS FOR MOVING FLUIDS IN
MICRO GRAVITY LIKE PROPELLENTS
IN FUEL TANKS DURING SPACE
TRAVEL.
>> IT'S POSITIONED 250 MILES
ABOVE EARTH MAKES THE
INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION A
GREAT LOCATION FOR SCIENTIFIC
RESEARCH ABOUT THE PLANET.
THIS ONE RIGHT HERE.
LAST SUMMER, IT WAS A NEW
INSTRUMENT DELIVERED WHICH IS
GATHERING INFORMATION ABOUT HOW
PLANTS ON EARTH SWEAT.
THAT PROVIDES DATA TO SCIENTISTS
WHO MONITORING THE EARTH'S
VEGETATION.
>> SWEATING COULD BE COOL.
PRESENTED BY SCIENCE AT NASA.
DID YOU EVER NOTICE HOW THE AIR
COULD SEEM COOLER WHEN YOU ENTER
A FOREST?
HUMANS ARE NOT THE ONLY LIVING
THINGS THAT SWEAT TO COOL OFF.
WHEN TREES AND PLANTS SWELT,
THEY COOL THEMSELVES AND COULD
COOL THE SURROUNDING AIR THROUGH
A PROCESS CALLED TRANS PORATION.
WATER AND NUTRIENTS ARE TAKEN
FROM PLANT ROOTS FROM SOIL AND
DELIVERED THROUGH LEAVES AS PART
OF THE PHOTOSYNTHESIS.
SOME OF THE WATER EXIT THROUGH
PORES, OR ARMATTA THROUGH THE
LEAVES.
AS THE SWEATING EVAPORATES, HEAT
IS IN THE AIR PROVIDING A COOL
EFFECT.
IF THERE'S NOT ENOUGH WATER OR
RELATIVE HUMIDITY GETS TOO HIGH,
THE SOMEATTA CLOSE.
IT COULD EVENTUALLY DIE.
AND HEALTHY PLANTS PROVIDE ECHO
SIN THOUGH SIS TO HUMANS.
AND WITH PLANT TRANS PORATION
ACCOUNTING TO 10 PERCENT OF THE
MOISTURE IN OUR ATMOSPHERE.
NASA SYSTEM, ECHO STRETCH, SHORT
FOR ECOSYSTEM SPACE BORE THERMO,
WAS SUCCESSFULLY LAUNCHED ON
JUNE 29TH, 2018.
ECHO STRESS WILL STUDY HOW THE
PLANTS SWEAT.
PROVIDING INFORMATION FROM
SPACE, ALLOWING RESEARCHERS TO
MONITOR THE, THE HEALTH OF THE
VEGETATION.
YOUR TEMPERATURE IS ONE OF THE
FIRST THINGS A DOCTOR WANTS TO
KNOW.
SAYS SIMON FROM THE JET
PROPULSION LABORATORY.
IT TELLS THE DOCTOR A LOT OF
YOUR CONDITION.
TEMPERATURE IS EXTREMELY
IMPORTANT FOR PLANTS.
TEMPERATURE DATA COULD INDICATE
IF THE PLANT IS STRESSED, IF IT
NEEDS MORE WATER, PROVIDING AN
EARLY WARNING OF A POSSIBLE
DROUGHT, EXPLAINS HOOK.
ECHO STRETCH WILL BE ABLE TO
MEASURE PLANT TEMPERATURES AND
PLANT HEALTH IN AREAS AS SMALL
AS AN INDIVIDUAL FIELD OF CROPS.
THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION
IS WELL SUITED FOR THE ECHO
STRESS MISSION.
HOOK SAYS MOST EARTH-OBSERVING
SATELLITE ARE IN A SUN
SYNCHRONIZING MOMENT SO THEY
PASS AT THE SAME TIME EACH DAY
PROVIDING A DAILY SNAPSHOT OF
THE AREA.
BECAUSE OF THE SPACE SYSTEM'S
ORBIT, ECHO STRESS SEES THE, THE
SAME SPOT EVERY FEW DAYS.
IT COULD TRACK A TYPICAL DAY.
IN A HOT DRY AFTERNOON, PLANTS
STOP RELEASING WATER, ECHO
STRESS WILL SEE A CHANGE IN
TEMPERATURE COMPARED TO PREVIOUS
MEASUREMENTS IN THE SAME AREA.
IT WILL DETECT THIS AND OTHER
ECOSYSTEMS.
DATA ACQUIRED FROM ECHO STRESS
MAY IN TIME HELP FARMERS DEVELOP
CROP PROTOCOLS, GIVING FARMERS
CLEARER EFFECT OF DROUGHT AND
ASSIST IN MANAGING EFFECTIVE
WATER USE.
DATA COULD HAVE EFFECTS ON
VEGETATION.
FOR EXAMPLE, TO IDENTIFY
DIFFERENT TYPES OF TREES.
FOREST MANAGERS WILL BE ABLE TO
USE THE INFORMATION TO MAKE
BETTER INFORMED DECISIONS.
THAT IS NOT ALL.
ECHO STRESS TEMPERATURE DATA
WILL BE USEFUL IN A WHOLE HOST
OF WAYS, SAYS HOOK.
WE'LL BE ABLE TO USE THE SAME
TECHNIQUES DEVELOPED TO EXTRACT
PLANT TEMPERATURE TO LOOK AT
OTHER PHENOMENA, SUCH AS
VOLCANOES, URBAN HEAT WAVES,
WILDFIRES, COASTLE A CURRENTS,
LAKES AND MORE.
THAT'S A WHOLE STORY IN ITSELF.
WANT TO LEARN MORE ABOUT THE
COOL MISSION?
NO SWEAT.
JUST VISIT SCIENCE.NASA.GOV.
>> PLANTS SCIENCE IS ONE KIND OF
SCIENCE BEING DONE IN THE
INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION.
BIOLOGY RESEARCH IS ANOTHER.
THE MVP, THE MULTIUSE VARIABLE
PLANT FORM IS DESIGNED FOR
RESEARCH INVOLVING MANY
DIFFERENT KINDS OF ORGANISMS AND
CELL TYPE.
IT'S ESPECIALLY IMPORTANT IN
FRUITFLY.
IT WILL ALLOW RESEARCHERS TO
STUDY LARGER SIZES THAN BEFORE
AND SUPPORT FLY COLONIES FOR
MULTIPLE GENERATIONS.
>> WE'RE LOOKING TO ANSWER THE
QUESTION WHAT IS THE EFFECT OF
SAFE FLIGHT ON THE HOST.
THE HOST HERE BEING THE FRUITFLY
OR GIRAFALA.
AND ALSO ON THE PATHOGEN.
THE BACTERIA IS ONE THAT COULD
INFECT THE FLY, THE SAME WAY AN
INSECT IN A HUMAN OR, OR
BEGANISM.
THE GENETIC MAKEUP OF THE
FRUITFLY IS SIMILAR TO THE
HUMAN.
IF YOU TOUCH THE HUMAN GENOME
AND YOU LIST THE GENES IMPORTANT
FOR FUNCTION, IN THAT LIBRARY OF
GENES, THERE'S 75 PERCENT
SIMILARITY BETWEEN THE HUMAN
GENES AND THE FRUITFLY.
IN A BOX THIS SIZE, THOUSANDS OF
FLIES COULD BE FLOWN IN, SO EVEN
IF YOU SEE AN IMPORTANT
DIFFERENCE THAT'S SMALL, YOU
COULD GET STATISTICALLY
SIGNIFICANT DATA BECAUSE YOU GET
3,000 FLIES OR 4,000 FLIES
COMING BACK IN A BOX THAT SIZE.
WE HAVE A VERY NICE NEW PIECE OF
HARDWARE THAT COMPANY TEXTDOT
HAS BEEN WORKING IN THE LAST FEW
YEARS, IN DEVELOPING A PIECE OF
HARDWARE.
>> THE TEXT SHOT MVP, THERE'S
TWO INTERNAL CAROUSEL INSIDE THE
UNIT.
EACH ONE COULD PRODUCE ZERO TO
TWO GENES.
TRAES ONLY TWO THAT COULD DO
THIS.
THE SAMPLES TRANSPORT TO AND
FROM THE STATION.
THE PAYLOAD, A LOT STAYS ON
BOARD THE STATION.
>> WE ARE INTERESTED IN HOW MANY
EXPLORATION.
WE WANT TO GO TO THE MOON, WANT
TO GO TO THE MARS, WE WANT TO
EXPLORE OUTSIDE OF THE ORBIT.
TO DO THAT, WE NEED THE MODELS
OF THE SURROGATE.
ONCE WE UNDERSTAND THE GENES AND
PATHWAYS, THEN WE KNOW WHAT THE
COUNTER MEASURES ARE THAT WE'RE
WORKING TOWARDS.
>> ALONG WITH DOING HANDS ON
SCIENCE ON THE INTERNATIONAL
SPACE STATION'S LABORATORY, THE
CREW MEMBERS HAVE BEEN TALKING
DIRECTLY TO THE STUDENTS ON THE
GROUNDS TO SHARE THE EXPERIENCE.
SOME HAVE BEEN MAKING FUN
INSTRUCTIONAL VIDEOS.
IN THIS STALLMENT OF THE
DEMONSTRATION SERIES, SCOTT
TINDLELE DEMONSTRATES THE ORBIT
OF SPACECRAFT AND INVITES THE,
THE VIEWERS A CHANCE TO
PARTICIPATE.
>> HELLO, MY NAME IS SCOTT
TINDLE.
I'M LIVING AND WORKING ON BOARD
THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION.
YOU KNOW, I LOVE MY VIEWS FROM
THE COOPER, ORBITING ATTITUDE OF
40 KILOMETERS AND 250 MILES
ABOVE THE EARTH'S SURFACE.
LET'S EXPLORE HOW ISS ORBITS
WORK.
COME ON.
FIRST, I SHOULD EXPLAIN ORBITS
ARE ELLIPTICAL OR OVAL IN SHAPE.
SOME CIRC CULL LAR.
SPACECRAFT ORBITING EARTH LIKE
THE SPACE STATION, ARE PLACED IN
A CIRCULAR ORBIT TO HAVE A
CONSISTENT ALTITUDE AS THEY
TRAVEL AROUND THE PLANET.
LET'S TAKE A LOOK AT THE EARTH.
IT HAS A RADIUS, 6,378
KILOMETERS.
AND THAT'S 17,500 MILES AN HOUR
IT ORBITS.
SEE IF YOU COULD SEE THE VALUES,
TO CALCULATE HOW LONG WE TRAVEL
AROUND ONE ORBIT AROUND THE
EARTH.
HOW THIS INFORMATION IS
AVAILABLE, IN THE ACCOMPANIED
LESSON PLAN, NASA.GOV/STEM ON
STATION.
>> FOUR, THREE, TWO, ONE.
>> THE ANSWERS TO THE QUESTIONS
BY THE WAY 42,391 KILOMETERS IN
90 MINUTES.
DUE THE ALTITUDE WE HAVE A
UNIQUE AND AWESOME VIEW OF THE
EARTH.
THANKS FOR EXPLORING WITH ME.
SEE YOU AGAIN SOON.
>> THE ASTRONAUTS AND COSMONAUTS
IN THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE
STATION ARE SPENDING SIX OR SO
MONTHS IN THE ENVIRONMENT WHERE
THE MUSCLES DON'T HAVE TO WORK
AGAINST THE PULL OF GRAVITY.
AS A RESULT, THEY SPEND A GOOD
BIT OF TIME EXERCISING TO MAIN
THAN THEIR OVERALL PHYSICAL
FITNESS.
THEY HAVE A SUITE OF EXERCISE
EQUIPMENT INCLUDING A TREADMILL.
IN THIS SEGMENT ASTRONAUT MILLER
RUNS THROUGH, THE EXTERNAL
RESISTANCE TREADMILL IN THE
TRANSITION TRANQUILLITY MODEL.
>> WE WILL FIGURE OUT HOW TO GET
AEROBIC EXERCISE IN THE
INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION.
ONE WAY IS BY RUNNING.
WE HAVE A TREADMILL.
IT'S ON THE WALL.
HOW COOL.
WE FIRST GET A HEART RATE
MONITOR.
NEXT, WE GET OUR SUPER-DUPER
HARNESS.
THEN WE CONNECT.
THIS IS IMPORTANT BECAUSE THEY
SIMULATE LOAD WE HAVE ON EARTH.
AND WE MAKE SURE IT'S CALIBRATED
AND WE START.
A LIGHT JOG.
A LITTLE HIGHER PACE.
AND WE EVEN HAVE A MODE CALLED
PASSIVE.
YOU PUSH IT YOURSELF.
THEN THE COOLEST PART OF THE
WHOLE THING, AT THE END OF THE
WORKOUT, IT GIVES YOU THE MILES
TRAVELED.
NOT JUST THE MILES RAN.
YOU COULD GO LIKE WHAT?
9,000 MILES?
THAT'S A PRETTY GOOD RUN.
.
>>> AT ANY GIVEN TIME THERE ARE
ABOUT 300 EXPERIMENTS UNDER WAY
IN THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE
STATION.
JUST BEFORE SHE LEFT THE STATION
TO RETURN TO WORK LAST MONTH,
ASTRONAUT ANNE McLANE SHARES HER
PERSPECTIVE ON THE RESEARCH SHE
CONDUCTED.
>> THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE
STATION IS A NATIONAL ORBITING
LABORATORY.
EVERY SINGLE DAY WE'RE ANSWERING
BIG QUESTIONS ABOUT EARTH, ABOUT
SPACE, ABOUT WHERE WE CAME FROM
AND WHERE WE'RE GOING.
THE OTHER THING WE'RE DOING, IS
WE'RE LEARNING MORE QUESTIONS TO
ASK.
THE QUESTION, I THINK IT'S
IMPORTANT TO SAY, WHO ARE WE IF
WE STOP EXPLORING.
EVERY DAY IS THE MAGICAL AND
TECHNICAL.
THERE'S MOMENTS EVERY DAY, WHERE
YOU STEP BACK AND YOU REALIZE,
WE'RE WORKING OFF THE PLANET AND
ONE OF THE MOST UNFORGIVING
ENVIRONMENTS KNOWN TO MANKIND.
IT'S REALLY INCREDIBLE.
>> DOZENS OF NEW SCIENTIFIC
EXPERIMENTS ARE SCHEDULED TO
TRAVEL TO THE INTERNATIONAL
SPACE STATION ABOARD THE NEXT
DRAGON CARGO SHIP LATER THIS
MONTH.
THE SPACE STATION PROVIDES
OPPORTUNITIES FOR GOVERNMENT
AGENCIES, PRIVATE INDUSTRY AND
ACADEMIC AND RESEARCH
INSTITUTIONSES TO CONDUCT MICRO
GRAVITY RESEARCH THAT COULD LEAD
TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW
TECHOLOGIST AND PRODUCTS THAT
COULD IMPROVE LIFE ON EARTH.
>> THAT DRAGON CARGO SHIP LAUNCH
IS CURRENTLY ON TRACK FOR THE
EVENING, SUNDAY, JULY 21st.
ONE DAY AFTER THE LAUNCH OF THE
NEXT SOYUZ VEHICLE, CARRYING THE
NEW MEMBERS TO THE INTERNATIONAL
SPACE STATION.
NASA ASTRONAUT, DREW MORGAN AND
ESA ASTRONAUT, REMAIN TARGETED
TO LAUNCH FROM THE COSMODRONE
SATURDAY, JULY 20TH, 11:30 IN
THE MORNING, HOUSTON TIME.
THAT'S 50 YEARS TO THE DAY,
AFTER APOLLO ASTRONAUTS, NEIL
ARMSTRONG AND BUZZ ALDRON BECAME
THE FIRST HUMAN BEINGS TO WALK
ON THE MOON.
THEIR MISSION WAS TO BE
CONTROLLED IN A ROOM LOCATED 1
FLOOR UP DIRECTLY OVERHEAD OF
THE SPACE STATION FLIGHT CONTROL
ROOM YOU SEE NOW.
THAT HISTORIC ROOM HAS UNDERGONE
A MASSIVE RESTORATION, TO MAKE
IT LOOK AS IT DID 50 YEARS AGO.
HAVE A LOOK AT THE THEN AND THE
NOW.
>> THE RESTORATION OF THE ROOM
KNOWN AS FLIGHT CONTROL ROOM 2
BACK IN THE DAY, IT TOOK YEARS
TO MAKE.
TO MATCH THE ORIGINAL CARPET AND
PAINT AND MATCH ALL THE
FURNISHINGS DOWN TO THE
ASHTRAYS.
HERE'S A SLICE ON WHAT IT TOOK
TO BRING HISTORY BACK TO LIFE.
>> IF YOU WOULD LIKE TO GET A
LOOK AT ANY OF THE STORIES WE
HAVE FEATURED TODAY, YOU CAN.
CHECK US OUT ON YOUTUBE AND FACE
BOOK.
THERE'S THE ADDRESSES RIGHT
THERE ON YOUR NASA TV SCREEN.
WHILE YOU'RE AT THOSE PLACES, BE
SURE TO LOOK AROUND BECAUSE
THERE'S LOTS OF COOL STUFF TO
FIND OUT ABOUT NASA AND NASA'S
SPACE FLIGHT PROGRAM.
WHILE ON THE INTERNET, CHECK OUT
HOUSTON, WE HAVE A POD CAST.
FOLKS IN NASA TALKING ABOUT
THEIR WORK.
AND WE POST NEW EPISODES EVERY
FRIDAY.
TODAY, WE START A SPECIAL SERIES
OF MOD CAST ON THE APOLLO 11
ANNIVERSARY. JERRY GOES
ONE-ON-ONE WITH JIM BRANDENSTEIN
TALKING ABOUT APOLLO AND NASA'S
CURRENT EFFORTS TO RETURN
ASTRONAUTS TO THE MOON TO STAY.
GO TO NASA.GOV/POD CAST FOR
TODAY'S EPISODE.
FIND THE LIBRARY OF POD CAST
THERE AND ALL THE OTHER NASA POD
CAST, TOO, ALL OF WHICH YOU
COULD LISTEN TO ON APPLE POD
CAST, GOOGLE POD CAST AND SOUND
CLOUD.
THIS IS MISSION CONTROL,
HOUSTON.