1
00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:02,302
>> GOOD MORNING. WELCOME TO

2
00:00:02,302 --> 00:00:03,970
MISSION CONTROL HOUSTON.

3
00:00:03,970 --> 00:00:05,171
YOU'RE LOOKING AT THE FLIGHT

4
00:00:05,171 --> 00:00:07,407
CONTROL ROOM AND ORBIT TWO TEAM

5
00:00:07,407 --> 00:00:08,408
FLIGHT CONTROLLERS.

6
00:00:08,408 --> 00:00:10,810
WHO ARE MONITORING THE SYSTEMS

7
00:00:10,810 --> 00:00:11,978
AND WORKING WITH THE CREW

8
00:00:11,978 --> 00:00:14,013
MEMBERS AS THEY END THE NEAR

9
00:00:14,013 --> 00:00:14,414
WORKWEEK.

10
00:00:14,414 --> 00:00:19,285
AND COMMANDER, JANINE AND

11
00:00:19,285 --> 00:00:21,254
CHRISTINA COOK HAVE AN OFF

12
00:00:21,254 --> 00:00:23,957
WEEKEND IN STORE AFTER A BUSY

13
00:00:23,957 --> 00:00:25,759
WEEK OF MAINTENANCE.

14
00:00:25,759 --> 00:00:28,461
INCLUDED EXPERIMENT ON

15
00:00:28,461 --> 00:00:30,797
PERCEPTION OF TIME TO THE

16
00:00:30,797 --> 00:00:37,404
CULTIVATION OF FRESH VEGETABLES.

17
00:00:37,404 --> 00:00:39,339
>> WELCOME TO SPACE TO GROUND.

18
00:00:39,339 --> 00:00:42,842
THIS WEEK, FRESH FOOD PRODUCTION

19
00:00:42,842 --> 00:00:43,943
IN SPACE.

20
00:00:43,943 --> 00:00:46,413
HEALTHY NUTRITIOUS DIET IS

21
00:00:46,413 --> 00:00:48,748
ESSENTIAL FOR EXPLORATION

22
00:00:48,748 --> 00:00:50,750
MISSION TO THE MOON AND BEYOND.

23
00:00:50,750 --> 00:00:52,051
SCIENTISTS ARE LOOKING TO

24
00:00:52,051 --> 00:00:54,154
SUPPLEMENT THE ASTRONAUT'S DIET

25
00:00:54,154 --> 00:00:56,523
WITH FRESH FOODS GROWN IN

26
00:00:56,523 --> 00:00:56,956
FLIGHT.

27
00:00:56,956 --> 00:00:58,758
THEY HAVE BEEN TESTING GROWN

28
00:00:58,758 --> 00:01:00,360
TECHNIQUES TO HELP MEET THE

29
00:01:00,360 --> 00:01:00,760
NEED.

30
00:01:00,760 --> 00:01:01,961
CURRENT RESEARCH WILL BE LOOKING

31
00:01:01,961 --> 00:01:05,298
AT IMPACTS FROM WHITE QUALITY

32
00:01:05,298 --> 00:01:07,867
AND FERTILIZER TO NUTRITIONAL

33
00:01:07,867 --> 00:01:08,368
VALUE.

34
00:01:08,368 --> 00:01:10,403
HALF OF THE CROPS WILL RETURN TO

35
00:01:10,403 --> 00:01:12,806
EARTH FOR ANALYSIS.

36
00:01:12,806 --> 00:01:14,174
AND THIS WEEK, THE CREW

37
00:01:14,174 --> 00:01:16,176
PERFORMED TIME PERCEPTION AND

38
00:01:16,176 --> 00:01:18,645
MICRO GRAVITY INVESTIGATION.

39
00:01:18,645 --> 00:01:20,380
>> THIS EXPERIMENT INVESTIGATES

40
00:01:20,380 --> 00:01:22,182
THE PERCEPTION OF TIME TO CREW

41
00:01:22,182 --> 00:01:23,683
MEMBERS ABOARD THE SPACE

42
00:01:23,683 --> 00:01:25,285
STATION, SOMETHING THAT HAS NOT

43
00:01:25,285 --> 00:01:28,321
BEEN STUDIED DURING LONG

44
00:01:28,321 --> 00:01:29,989
DURATION OF SPACE FLIGHTS.

45
00:01:29,989 --> 00:01:32,959
TOGETHER WITH OCULAR CONTROL,

46
00:01:32,959 --> 00:01:35,495
HAND AND EYE COORDINATION AND

47
00:01:35,495 --> 00:01:37,564
TIME PERCEPTION, IS CRITICAL FOR

48
00:01:37,564 --> 00:01:39,132
CONTROL OF VEHICLES AND OTHER

49
00:01:39,132 --> 00:01:41,201
COMPLEX SYSTEMS DURING HUMAN

50
00:01:41,201 --> 00:01:41,801
SPACE FLIGHT.

51
00:01:41,801 --> 00:01:43,970
AS PART OF THE EXPERIMENT,

52
00:01:43,970 --> 00:01:46,940
ASTRONAUTS WEAR A VR HEAD SET

53
00:01:46,940 --> 00:01:50,477
AND HAVE TO RESPOND TO AUDIO

54
00:01:50,477 --> 00:01:51,010
EXCUSE.

55
00:01:51,010 --> 00:01:52,679
THEY ARE COMPARED WITH PREAND

56
00:01:52,679 --> 00:01:54,047
POST FLIGHT BASELINE.

57
00:01:54,047 --> 00:01:55,648
EVIDENCE OF THE RESEARCH

58
00:01:55,648 --> 00:01:57,584
DEMONSTRATE THE FUNCTIONS ARE

59
00:01:57,584 --> 00:01:59,586
ALTERED IN SPACE AND ON EARTH.

60
00:01:59,586 --> 00:02:01,721
THIS WEEK'S QUESTION COMES FROM

61
00:02:01,721 --> 00:02:03,756
BRIANNA, SHE WANTS TO KNOW HOW

62
00:02:03,756 --> 00:02:06,192
LANDING IN THE MOON IN 2024 WILL

63
00:02:06,192 --> 00:02:07,794
IMPACT GIRLS AROUND THE GLOBE.

64
00:02:07,794 --> 00:02:09,696
>> I SEE IT AS IMPACTING ONE

65
00:02:09,696 --> 00:02:10,263
MAJOR WAY.

66
00:02:10,263 --> 00:02:12,999
I HOPE IT IS INSPIRING FOR ALL

67
00:02:12,999 --> 00:02:14,100
PEOPLE AROUND THE GLOBE.

68
00:02:14,100 --> 00:02:15,969
YOU KNOW 50 YEARS AGO, WHEN WE

69
00:02:15,969 --> 00:02:17,904
FIRST LANDED ON THE MOON, NOT

70
00:02:17,904 --> 00:02:20,440
ONLY WERE THE ASTRONAUTS NOT

71
00:02:20,440 --> 00:02:22,675
FEATURING WOMEN, YOU DIDN'T SEE

72
00:02:22,675 --> 00:02:23,877
WOMEN TOO MUCH IN THE MISSION

73
00:02:23,877 --> 00:02:24,544
CONTROL ROOM.

74
00:02:24,544 --> 00:02:25,778
THAT'S ALL GOING TO BE DIFFERENT

75
00:02:25,778 --> 00:02:26,913
THE NEXT TIME AROUND.

76
00:02:26,913 --> 00:02:28,248
WE WILL HAVE WOMEN CONTRIBUTING

77
00:02:28,248 --> 00:02:30,950
AND BEING RECOGNIZED FOR THE

78
00:02:30,950 --> 00:02:32,485
CONTRIBUTIONS IN MISSION CONTROL

79
00:02:32,485 --> 00:02:34,554
AS THE ENGINEERS THAT THE DESIGN

80
00:02:34,554 --> 00:02:36,055
THE ROCKETS IN THE SPACECRAFT

81
00:02:36,055 --> 00:02:38,291
AND INDEED AS THE ASTRONAUTS

82
00:02:38,291 --> 00:02:40,793
MAKING THE BLUEPRINTS ON THE

83
00:02:40,793 --> 00:02:41,261
MOON.

84
00:02:41,261 --> 00:02:43,796
>> KEEP SENDING YOUR QUESTIONS,

85
00:02:43,796 --> 00:02:48,468
USING THE #ASK NASA.

86
00:02:48,468 --> 00:02:57,544
WE'LL SEE YOU NEXT WEEK.

87
00:02:57,544 --> 00:02:59,546
>> INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION

88
00:02:59,546 --> 00:03:02,015
HAS A LABORATORY IN SPACE IS

89
00:03:02,015 --> 00:03:03,550
DESIGNED TO BE A PLACE WHERE

90
00:03:03,550 --> 00:03:06,419
SCIENTISTS COULD DO RESEARCH,

91
00:03:06,419 --> 00:03:08,321
AND REMOVE THE CONSTANT

92
00:03:08,321 --> 00:03:11,724
GRAFSHITY ON WAYS THEY CANNOT DO

93
00:03:11,724 --> 00:03:12,292
ON EARTH.

94
00:03:12,292 --> 00:03:14,527
IN NATURAL SCIENCE, THIS IS

95
00:03:14,527 --> 00:03:15,995
ESPECIALLY USEFUL.

96
00:03:15,995 --> 00:03:18,331
FINDING OUT HOW SURFACE TENSION

97
00:03:18,331 --> 00:03:22,402
AND CAP TEARY FLOW.

98
00:03:22,402 --> 00:03:25,572
AND WHAT MAY LOOK LIKE SOMEONE

99
00:03:25,572 --> 00:03:27,840
HAVING FUN COULD HELP IMPROVE

100
00:03:27,840 --> 00:03:29,742
SYSTEMS FOR MOVING FLUIDS IN

101
00:03:29,742 --> 00:03:32,612
MICRO GRAVITY LIKE PROPELLENTS

102
00:03:32,612 --> 00:03:34,747
IN FUEL TANKS DURING SPACE

103
00:03:34,747 --> 00:04:58,398
TRAVEL.

104
00:04:58,398 --> 00:05:01,100
>> IT'S POSITIONED 250 MILES

105
00:05:01,100 --> 00:05:02,368
ABOVE EARTH MAKES THE

106
00:05:02,368 --> 00:05:03,836
INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION A

107
00:05:03,836 --> 00:05:05,805
GREAT LOCATION FOR SCIENTIFIC

108
00:05:05,805 --> 00:05:07,373
RESEARCH ABOUT THE PLANET.

109
00:05:07,373 --> 00:05:08,341
THIS ONE RIGHT HERE.

110
00:05:08,341 --> 00:05:09,809
LAST SUMMER, IT WAS A NEW

111
00:05:09,809 --> 00:05:11,310
INSTRUMENT DELIVERED WHICH IS

112
00:05:11,310 --> 00:05:13,246
GATHERING INFORMATION ABOUT HOW

113
00:05:13,246 --> 00:05:14,981
PLANTS ON EARTH SWEAT.

114
00:05:14,981 --> 00:05:17,150
THAT PROVIDES DATA TO SCIENTISTS

115
00:05:17,150 --> 00:05:19,619
WHO MONITORING THE EARTH'S

116
00:05:19,619 --> 00:05:24,924
VEGETATION.

117
00:05:24,924 --> 00:05:31,364
>> SWEATING COULD BE COOL.

118
00:05:31,364 --> 00:05:34,934
PRESENTED BY SCIENCE AT NASA.

119
00:05:34,934 --> 00:05:36,636
DID YOU EVER NOTICE HOW THE AIR

120
00:05:36,636 --> 00:05:38,137
COULD SEEM COOLER WHEN YOU ENTER

121
00:05:38,137 --> 00:05:39,505
A FOREST?

122
00:05:39,505 --> 00:05:41,207
HUMANS ARE NOT THE ONLY LIVING

123
00:05:41,207 --> 00:05:43,009
THINGS THAT SWEAT TO COOL OFF.

124
00:05:43,009 --> 00:05:44,811
WHEN TREES AND PLANTS SWELT,

125
00:05:44,811 --> 00:05:46,345
THEY COOL THEMSELVES AND COULD

126
00:05:46,345 --> 00:05:48,247
COOL THE SURROUNDING AIR THROUGH

127
00:05:48,247 --> 00:05:51,050
A PROCESS CALLED TRANS PORATION.

128
00:05:51,050 --> 00:05:53,986
WATER AND NUTRIENTS ARE TAKEN

129
00:05:53,986 --> 00:05:56,723
FROM PLANT ROOTS FROM SOIL AND

130
00:05:56,723 --> 00:05:58,658
DELIVERED THROUGH LEAVES AS PART

131
00:05:58,658 --> 00:06:01,094
OF THE PHOTOSYNTHESIS.

132
00:06:01,094 --> 00:06:03,162
SOME OF THE WATER EXIT THROUGH

133
00:06:03,162 --> 00:06:07,133
PORES, OR ARMATTA THROUGH THE

134
00:06:07,133 --> 00:06:07,567
LEAVES.

135
00:06:07,567 --> 00:06:09,669
AS THE SWEATING EVAPORATES, HEAT

136
00:06:09,669 --> 00:06:13,473
IS IN THE AIR PROVIDING A COOL

137
00:06:13,473 --> 00:06:14,006
EFFECT.

138
00:06:14,006 --> 00:06:16,609
IF THERE'S NOT ENOUGH WATER OR

139
00:06:16,609 --> 00:06:18,711
RELATIVE HUMIDITY GETS TOO HIGH,

140
00:06:18,711 --> 00:06:21,481
THE SOMEATTA CLOSE.

141
00:06:21,481 --> 00:06:23,916
IT COULD EVENTUALLY DIE.

142
00:06:23,916 --> 00:06:28,154
AND HEALTHY PLANTS PROVIDE ECHO

143
00:06:28,154 --> 00:06:31,023
SIN THOUGH SIS TO HUMANS.

144
00:06:31,023 --> 00:06:35,762
AND WITH PLANT TRANS PORATION

145
00:06:35,762 --> 00:06:37,697
ACCOUNTING TO 10 PERCENT OF THE

146
00:06:37,697 --> 00:06:40,233
MOISTURE IN OUR ATMOSPHERE.

147
00:06:40,233 --> 00:06:43,202
NASA SYSTEM, ECHO STRETCH, SHORT

148
00:06:43,202 --> 00:06:48,708
FOR ECOSYSTEM SPACE BORE THERMO,

149
00:06:48,708 --> 00:06:51,010
WAS SUCCESSFULLY LAUNCHED ON

150
00:06:51,010 --> 00:06:53,513
JUNE 29TH, 2018.

151
00:06:53,513 --> 00:06:57,483
ECHO STRESS WILL STUDY HOW THE

152
00:06:57,483 --> 00:06:59,619
PLANTS SWEAT.

153
00:06:59,619 --> 00:07:00,653
PROVIDING INFORMATION FROM

154
00:07:00,653 --> 00:07:03,589
SPACE, ALLOWING RESEARCHERS TO

155
00:07:03,589 --> 00:07:04,657
MONITOR THE, THE HEALTH OF THE

156
00:07:04,657 --> 00:07:05,024
VEGETATION.

157
00:07:05,024 --> 00:07:08,161
YOUR TEMPERATURE IS ONE OF THE

158
00:07:08,161 --> 00:07:10,530
FIRST THINGS A DOCTOR WANTS TO

159
00:07:10,530 --> 00:07:11,063
KNOW.

160
00:07:11,063 --> 00:07:13,900
SAYS SIMON FROM THE JET

161
00:07:13,900 --> 00:07:15,001
PROPULSION LABORATORY.

162
00:07:15,001 --> 00:07:17,804
IT TELLS THE DOCTOR A LOT OF

163
00:07:17,804 --> 00:07:19,672
YOUR CONDITION.

164
00:07:19,672 --> 00:07:20,873
TEMPERATURE IS EXTREMELY

165
00:07:20,873 --> 00:07:22,408
IMPORTANT FOR PLANTS.

166
00:07:22,408 --> 00:07:24,310
TEMPERATURE DATA COULD INDICATE

167
00:07:24,310 --> 00:07:26,245
IF THE PLANT IS STRESSED, IF IT

168
00:07:26,245 --> 00:07:27,814
NEEDS MORE WATER, PROVIDING AN

169
00:07:27,814 --> 00:07:29,882
EARLY WARNING OF A POSSIBLE

170
00:07:29,882 --> 00:07:31,684
DROUGHT, EXPLAINS HOOK.

171
00:07:31,684 --> 00:07:33,853
ECHO STRETCH WILL BE ABLE TO

172
00:07:33,853 --> 00:07:35,254
MEASURE PLANT TEMPERATURES AND

173
00:07:35,254 --> 00:07:37,089
PLANT HEALTH IN AREAS AS SMALL

174
00:07:37,089 --> 00:07:39,225
AS AN INDIVIDUAL FIELD OF CROPS.

175
00:07:39,225 --> 00:07:41,027
THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION

176
00:07:41,027 --> 00:07:42,695
IS WELL SUITED FOR THE ECHO

177
00:07:42,695 --> 00:07:43,963
STRESS MISSION.

178
00:07:43,963 --> 00:07:47,200
HOOK SAYS MOST EARTH-OBSERVING

179
00:07:47,200 --> 00:07:49,802
SATELLITE ARE IN A SUN

180
00:07:49,802 --> 00:07:51,270
SYNCHRONIZING MOMENT SO THEY

181
00:07:51,270 --> 00:07:53,873
PASS AT THE SAME TIME EACH DAY

182
00:07:53,873 --> 00:07:56,042
PROVIDING A DAILY SNAPSHOT OF

183
00:07:56,042 --> 00:07:56,409
THE AREA.

184
00:07:56,409 --> 00:07:57,977
BECAUSE OF THE SPACE SYSTEM'S

185
00:07:57,977 --> 00:08:01,414
ORBIT, ECHO STRESS SEES THE, THE

186
00:08:01,414 --> 00:08:04,584
SAME SPOT EVERY FEW DAYS.

187
00:08:04,584 --> 00:08:07,520
IT COULD TRACK A TYPICAL DAY.

188
00:08:07,520 --> 00:08:10,056
IN A HOT DRY AFTERNOON, PLANTS

189
00:08:10,056 --> 00:08:12,225
STOP RELEASING WATER, ECHO

190
00:08:12,225 --> 00:08:14,026
STRESS WILL SEE A CHANGE IN

191
00:08:14,026 --> 00:08:16,162
TEMPERATURE COMPARED TO PREVIOUS

192
00:08:16,162 --> 00:08:17,964
MEASUREMENTS IN THE SAME AREA.

193
00:08:17,964 --> 00:08:21,167
IT WILL DETECT THIS AND OTHER

194
00:08:21,167 --> 00:08:21,701
ECOSYSTEMS.

195
00:08:21,701 --> 00:08:24,003
DATA ACQUIRED FROM ECHO STRESS

196
00:08:24,003 --> 00:08:28,007
MAY IN TIME HELP FARMERS DEVELOP

197
00:08:28,007 --> 00:08:32,044
CROP PROTOCOLS, GIVING FARMERS

198
00:08:32,044 --> 00:08:33,946
CLEARER EFFECT OF DROUGHT AND

199
00:08:33,946 --> 00:08:36,182
ASSIST IN MANAGING EFFECTIVE

200
00:08:36,182 --> 00:08:38,117
WATER USE.

201
00:08:38,117 --> 00:08:41,354
DATA COULD HAVE EFFECTS ON

202
00:08:41,354 --> 00:08:41,954
VEGETATION.

203
00:08:41,954 --> 00:08:43,389
FOR EXAMPLE, TO IDENTIFY

204
00:08:43,389 --> 00:08:44,724
DIFFERENT TYPES OF TREES.

205
00:08:44,724 --> 00:08:46,392
FOREST MANAGERS WILL BE ABLE TO

206
00:08:46,392 --> 00:08:47,927
USE THE INFORMATION TO MAKE

207
00:08:47,927 --> 00:08:49,395
BETTER INFORMED DECISIONS.

208
00:08:49,395 --> 00:08:51,063
THAT IS NOT ALL.

209
00:08:51,063 --> 00:08:53,199
ECHO STRESS TEMPERATURE DATA

210
00:08:53,199 --> 00:08:55,534
WILL BE USEFUL IN A WHOLE HOST

211
00:08:55,534 --> 00:08:57,136
OF WAYS, SAYS HOOK.

212
00:08:57,136 --> 00:08:58,871
WE'LL BE ABLE TO USE THE SAME

213
00:08:58,871 --> 00:09:00,840
TECHNIQUES DEVELOPED TO EXTRACT

214
00:09:00,840 --> 00:09:02,541
PLANT TEMPERATURE TO LOOK AT

215
00:09:02,541 --> 00:09:05,711
OTHER PHENOMENA, SUCH AS

216
00:09:05,711 --> 00:09:07,947
VOLCANOES, URBAN HEAT WAVES,

217
00:09:07,947 --> 00:09:09,615
WILDFIRES, COASTLE A CURRENTS,

218
00:09:09,615 --> 00:09:10,416
LAKES AND MORE.

219
00:09:10,416 --> 00:09:12,919
THAT'S A WHOLE STORY IN ITSELF.

220
00:09:12,919 --> 00:09:14,487
WANT TO LEARN MORE ABOUT THE

221
00:09:14,487 --> 00:09:15,955
COOL MISSION?

222
00:09:15,955 --> 00:09:16,622
NO SWEAT.

223
00:09:16,622 --> 00:09:23,729
JUST VISIT SCIENCE.NASA.GOV.

224
00:09:23,729 --> 00:09:25,564
>> PLANTS SCIENCE IS ONE KIND OF

225
00:09:25,564 --> 00:09:26,899
SCIENCE BEING DONE IN THE

226
00:09:26,899 --> 00:09:28,567
INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION.

227
00:09:28,567 --> 00:09:30,102
BIOLOGY RESEARCH IS ANOTHER.

228
00:09:30,102 --> 00:09:34,840
THE MVP, THE MULTIUSE VARIABLE

229
00:09:34,840 --> 00:09:36,876
PLANT FORM IS DESIGNED FOR

230
00:09:36,876 --> 00:09:38,144
RESEARCH INVOLVING MANY

231
00:09:38,144 --> 00:09:41,314
DIFFERENT KINDS OF ORGANISMS AND

232
00:09:41,314 --> 00:09:42,014
CELL TYPE.

233
00:09:42,014 --> 00:09:44,383
IT'S ESPECIALLY IMPORTANT IN

234
00:09:44,383 --> 00:09:44,717
FRUITFLY.

235
00:09:44,717 --> 00:09:47,386
IT WILL ALLOW RESEARCHERS TO

236
00:09:47,386 --> 00:09:49,055
STUDY LARGER SIZES THAN BEFORE

237
00:09:49,055 --> 00:09:51,223
AND SUPPORT FLY COLONIES FOR

238
00:09:51,223 --> 00:09:52,325
MULTIPLE GENERATIONS.

239
00:09:52,325 --> 00:09:53,492
>> WE'RE LOOKING TO ANSWER THE

240
00:09:53,492 --> 00:09:56,062
QUESTION WHAT IS THE EFFECT OF

241
00:09:56,062 --> 00:09:58,064
SAFE FLIGHT ON THE HOST.

242
00:09:58,064 --> 00:10:00,232
THE HOST HERE BEING THE FRUITFLY

243
00:10:00,232 --> 00:10:04,704
OR GIRAFALA.

244
00:10:04,704 --> 00:10:06,939
AND ALSO ON THE PATHOGEN.

245
00:10:06,939 --> 00:10:09,542
THE BACTERIA IS ONE THAT COULD

246
00:10:09,542 --> 00:10:14,080
INFECT THE FLY, THE SAME WAY AN

247
00:10:14,080 --> 00:10:16,382
INSECT IN A HUMAN OR, OR

248
00:10:16,382 --> 00:10:16,716
BEGANISM.

249
00:10:16,716 --> 00:10:19,585
THE GENETIC MAKEUP OF THE

250
00:10:19,585 --> 00:10:21,854
FRUITFLY IS SIMILAR TO THE

251
00:10:21,854 --> 00:10:22,154
HUMAN.

252
00:10:22,154 --> 00:10:24,290
IF YOU TOUCH THE HUMAN GENOME

253
00:10:24,290 --> 00:10:26,192
AND YOU LIST THE GENES IMPORTANT

254
00:10:26,192 --> 00:10:28,494
FOR FUNCTION, IN THAT LIBRARY OF

255
00:10:28,494 --> 00:10:30,796
GENES, THERE'S 75 PERCENT

256
00:10:30,796 --> 00:10:32,498
SIMILARITY BETWEEN THE HUMAN

257
00:10:32,498 --> 00:10:35,134
GENES AND THE FRUITFLY.

258
00:10:35,134 --> 00:10:38,037
IN A BOX THIS SIZE, THOUSANDS OF

259
00:10:38,037 --> 00:10:42,475
FLIES COULD BE FLOWN IN, SO EVEN

260
00:10:42,475 --> 00:10:43,809
IF YOU SEE AN IMPORTANT

261
00:10:43,809 --> 00:10:45,111
DIFFERENCE THAT'S SMALL, YOU

262
00:10:45,111 --> 00:10:48,948
COULD GET STATISTICALLY

263
00:10:48,948 --> 00:10:50,516
SIGNIFICANT DATA BECAUSE YOU GET

264
00:10:50,516 --> 00:10:53,486
3,000 FLIES OR 4,000 FLIES

265
00:10:53,486 --> 00:10:56,355
COMING BACK IN A BOX THAT SIZE.

266
00:10:56,355 --> 00:10:59,325
WE HAVE A VERY NICE NEW PIECE OF

267
00:10:59,325 --> 00:11:04,764
HARDWARE THAT COMPANY TEXTDOT

268
00:11:04,764 --> 00:11:07,800
HAS BEEN WORKING IN THE LAST FEW

269
00:11:07,800 --> 00:11:09,668
YEARS, IN DEVELOPING A PIECE OF

270
00:11:09,668 --> 00:11:10,169
HARDWARE.

271
00:11:10,169 --> 00:11:12,972
>> THE TEXT SHOT MVP, THERE'S

272
00:11:12,972 --> 00:11:17,276
TWO INTERNAL CAROUSEL INSIDE THE

273
00:11:17,276 --> 00:11:18,778
UNIT.

274
00:11:18,778 --> 00:11:21,147
EACH ONE COULD PRODUCE ZERO TO

275
00:11:21,147 --> 00:11:21,914
TWO GENES.

276
00:11:21,914 --> 00:11:25,217
TRAES ONLY TWO THAT COULD DO

277
00:11:25,217 --> 00:11:25,584
THIS.

278
00:11:25,584 --> 00:11:28,254
THE SAMPLES TRANSPORT TO AND

279
00:11:28,254 --> 00:11:29,321
FROM THE STATION.

280
00:11:29,321 --> 00:11:31,724
THE PAYLOAD, A LOT STAYS ON

281
00:11:31,724 --> 00:11:33,592
BOARD THE STATION.

282
00:11:33,592 --> 00:11:39,398
>> WE ARE INTERESTED IN HOW MANY

283
00:11:39,398 --> 00:11:40,099
EXPLORATION.

284
00:11:40,099 --> 00:11:41,934
WE WANT TO GO TO THE MOON, WANT

285
00:11:41,934 --> 00:11:44,270
TO GO TO THE MARS, WE WANT TO

286
00:11:44,270 --> 00:11:46,305
EXPLORE OUTSIDE OF THE ORBIT.

287
00:11:46,305 --> 00:11:49,909
TO DO THAT, WE NEED THE MODELS

288
00:11:49,909 --> 00:11:51,477
OF THE SURROGATE.

289
00:11:51,477 --> 00:11:53,412
ONCE WE UNDERSTAND THE GENES AND

290
00:11:53,412 --> 00:11:55,214
PATHWAYS, THEN WE KNOW WHAT THE

291
00:11:55,214 --> 00:11:57,316
COUNTER MEASURES ARE THAT WE'RE

292
00:11:57,316 --> 00:12:01,387
WORKING TOWARDS.

293
00:12:01,387 --> 00:12:03,556
>> ALONG WITH DOING HANDS ON

294
00:12:03,556 --> 00:12:05,491
SCIENCE ON THE INTERNATIONAL

295
00:12:05,491 --> 00:12:07,426
SPACE STATION'S LABORATORY, THE

296
00:12:07,426 --> 00:12:09,161
CREW MEMBERS HAVE BEEN TALKING

297
00:12:09,161 --> 00:12:11,030
DIRECTLY TO THE STUDENTS ON THE

298
00:12:11,030 --> 00:12:12,998
GROUNDS TO SHARE THE EXPERIENCE.

299
00:12:12,998 --> 00:12:15,534
SOME HAVE BEEN MAKING FUN

300
00:12:15,534 --> 00:12:16,469
INSTRUCTIONAL VIDEOS.

301
00:12:16,469 --> 00:12:18,804
IN THIS STALLMENT OF THE

302
00:12:18,804 --> 00:12:21,474
DEMONSTRATION SERIES, SCOTT

303
00:12:21,474 --> 00:12:23,175
TINDLELE DEMONSTRATES THE ORBIT

304
00:12:23,175 --> 00:12:26,479
OF SPACECRAFT AND INVITES THE,

305
00:12:26,479 --> 00:12:30,249
THE VIEWERS A CHANCE TO

306
00:12:30,249 --> 00:12:40,259
PARTICIPATE.

307
00:12:40,259 --> 00:12:43,696
>> HELLO, MY NAME IS SCOTT

308
00:12:43,696 --> 00:12:44,196
TINDLE.

309
00:12:44,196 --> 00:12:46,065
I'M LIVING AND WORKING ON BOARD

310
00:12:46,065 --> 00:12:48,334
THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION.

311
00:12:48,334 --> 00:12:50,603
YOU KNOW, I LOVE MY VIEWS FROM

312
00:12:50,603 --> 00:12:53,339
THE COOPER, ORBITING ATTITUDE OF

313
00:12:53,339 --> 00:12:56,442
40 KILOMETERS AND 250 MILES

314
00:12:56,442 --> 00:12:58,210
ABOVE THE EARTH'S SURFACE.

315
00:12:58,210 --> 00:13:01,180
LET'S EXPLORE HOW ISS ORBITS

316
00:13:01,180 --> 00:13:01,547
WORK.

317
00:13:01,547 --> 00:13:02,081
COME ON.

318
00:13:02,081 --> 00:13:03,916
FIRST, I SHOULD EXPLAIN ORBITS

319
00:13:03,916 --> 00:13:08,521
ARE ELLIPTICAL OR OVAL IN SHAPE.

320
00:13:08,521 --> 00:13:11,957
SOME CIRC CULL LAR.

321
00:13:11,957 --> 00:13:14,326
SPACECRAFT ORBITING EARTH LIKE

322
00:13:14,326 --> 00:13:15,861
THE SPACE STATION, ARE PLACED IN

323
00:13:15,861 --> 00:13:19,965
A CIRCULAR ORBIT TO HAVE A

324
00:13:19,965 --> 00:13:22,168
CONSISTENT ALTITUDE AS THEY

325
00:13:22,168 --> 00:13:23,435
TRAVEL AROUND THE PLANET.

326
00:13:23,435 --> 00:13:24,937
LET'S TAKE A LOOK AT THE EARTH.

327
00:13:24,937 --> 00:13:29,642
IT HAS A RADIUS, 6,378

328
00:13:29,642 --> 00:13:32,845
KILOMETERS.

329
00:13:32,845 --> 00:13:37,349
AND THAT'S 17,500 MILES AN HOUR

330
00:13:37,349 --> 00:13:38,517
IT ORBITS.

331
00:13:38,517 --> 00:13:40,486
SEE IF YOU COULD SEE THE VALUES,

332
00:13:40,486 --> 00:13:42,888
TO CALCULATE HOW LONG WE TRAVEL

333
00:13:42,888 --> 00:13:44,857
AROUND ONE ORBIT AROUND THE

334
00:13:44,857 --> 00:13:45,958
EARTH.

335
00:13:45,958 --> 00:13:47,960
HOW THIS INFORMATION IS

336
00:13:47,960 --> 00:13:51,197
AVAILABLE, IN THE ACCOMPANIED

337
00:13:51,197 --> 00:13:56,969
LESSON PLAN, NASA.GOV/STEM ON

338
00:13:56,969 --> 00:14:00,206
STATION.

339
00:14:00,206 --> 00:14:01,974
>> FOUR, THREE, TWO, ONE.

340
00:14:01,974 --> 00:14:04,577
>> THE ANSWERS TO THE QUESTIONS

341
00:14:04,577 --> 00:14:09,315
BY THE WAY 42,391 KILOMETERS IN

342
00:14:09,315 --> 00:14:10,182
90 MINUTES.

343
00:14:10,182 --> 00:14:11,984
DUE THE ALTITUDE WE HAVE A

344
00:14:11,984 --> 00:14:14,787
UNIQUE AND AWESOME VIEW OF THE

345
00:14:14,787 --> 00:14:15,287
EARTH.

346
00:14:15,287 --> 00:14:17,356
THANKS FOR EXPLORING WITH ME.

347
00:14:17,356 --> 00:14:42,514
SEE YOU AGAIN SOON.

348
00:14:42,514 --> 00:14:46,185
>> THE ASTRONAUTS AND COSMONAUTS

349
00:14:46,185 --> 00:14:47,586
IN THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE

350
00:14:47,586 --> 00:14:49,321
STATION ARE SPENDING SIX OR SO

351
00:14:49,321 --> 00:14:51,123
MONTHS IN THE ENVIRONMENT WHERE

352
00:14:51,123 --> 00:14:53,058
THE MUSCLES DON'T HAVE TO WORK

353
00:14:53,058 --> 00:14:54,593
AGAINST THE PULL OF GRAVITY.

354
00:14:54,593 --> 00:14:56,195
AS A RESULT, THEY SPEND A GOOD

355
00:14:56,195 --> 00:14:57,563
BIT OF TIME EXERCISING TO MAIN

356
00:14:57,563 --> 00:14:59,632
THAN THEIR OVERALL PHYSICAL

357
00:14:59,632 --> 00:15:00,032
FITNESS.

358
00:15:00,032 --> 00:15:03,936
THEY HAVE A SUITE OF EXERCISE

359
00:15:03,936 --> 00:15:05,604
EQUIPMENT INCLUDING A TREADMILL.

360
00:15:05,604 --> 00:15:09,608
IN THIS SEGMENT ASTRONAUT MILLER

361
00:15:09,608 --> 00:15:14,046
RUNS THROUGH, THE EXTERNAL

362
00:15:14,046 --> 00:15:15,447
RESISTANCE TREADMILL IN THE

363
00:15:15,447 --> 00:15:19,852
TRANSITION TRANQUILLITY MODEL.

364
00:15:19,852 --> 00:15:22,788
>> WE WILL FIGURE OUT HOW TO GET

365
00:15:22,788 --> 00:15:23,722
AEROBIC EXERCISE IN THE

366
00:15:23,722 --> 00:15:25,624
INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION.

367
00:15:25,624 --> 00:15:27,726
ONE WAY IS BY RUNNING.

368
00:15:27,726 --> 00:15:29,194
WE HAVE A TREADMILL.

369
00:15:29,194 --> 00:15:30,229
IT'S ON THE WALL.

370
00:15:30,229 --> 00:15:30,896
HOW COOL.

371
00:15:30,896 --> 00:15:32,531
WE FIRST GET A HEART RATE

372
00:15:32,531 --> 00:15:32,931
MONITOR.

373
00:15:32,931 --> 00:15:36,602
NEXT, WE GET OUR SUPER-DUPER

374
00:15:36,602 --> 00:15:37,002
HARNESS.

375
00:15:37,002 --> 00:15:40,572
THEN WE CONNECT.

376
00:15:40,572 --> 00:15:42,074
THIS IS IMPORTANT BECAUSE THEY

377
00:15:42,074 --> 00:15:43,942
SIMULATE LOAD WE HAVE ON EARTH.

378
00:15:43,942 --> 00:15:47,179
AND WE MAKE SURE IT'S CALIBRATED

379
00:15:47,179 --> 00:15:47,946
AND WE START.

380
00:15:47,946 --> 00:15:49,815
A LIGHT JOG.

381
00:15:49,815 --> 00:15:52,518
A LITTLE HIGHER PACE.

382
00:15:52,518 --> 00:15:55,587
AND WE EVEN HAVE A MODE CALLED

383
00:15:55,587 --> 00:15:56,021
PASSIVE.

384
00:15:56,021 --> 00:15:57,823
YOU PUSH IT YOURSELF.

385
00:15:57,823 --> 00:15:59,325
THEN THE COOLEST PART OF THE

386
00:15:59,325 --> 00:16:01,060
WHOLE THING, AT THE END OF THE

387
00:16:01,060 --> 00:16:06,031
WORKOUT, IT GIVES YOU THE MILES

388
00:16:06,031 --> 00:16:06,465
TRAVELED.

389
00:16:06,465 --> 00:16:08,767
NOT JUST THE MILES RAN.

390
00:16:08,767 --> 00:16:10,436
YOU COULD GO LIKE WHAT?

391
00:16:10,436 --> 00:16:11,603
9,000 MILES?

392
00:16:11,603 --> 00:16:14,239
THAT'S A PRETTY GOOD RUN.

393
00:16:14,239 --> 00:16:14,773
.

394
00:16:14,773 --> 00:16:17,209
>>> AT ANY GIVEN TIME THERE ARE

395
00:16:17,209 --> 00:16:20,646
ABOUT 300 EXPERIMENTS UNDER WAY

396
00:16:20,646 --> 00:16:22,181
IN THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE

397
00:16:22,181 --> 00:16:22,614
STATION.

398
00:16:22,614 --> 00:16:24,183
JUST BEFORE SHE LEFT THE STATION

399
00:16:24,183 --> 00:16:26,118
TO RETURN TO WORK LAST MONTH,

400
00:16:26,118 --> 00:16:33,325
ASTRONAUT ANNE McLANE SHARES HER

401
00:16:33,325 --> 00:16:35,094
PERSPECTIVE ON THE RESEARCH SHE

402
00:16:35,094 --> 00:16:35,694
CONDUCTED.

403
00:16:35,694 --> 00:16:37,296
>> THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE

404
00:16:37,296 --> 00:16:39,898
STATION IS A NATIONAL ORBITING

405
00:16:39,898 --> 00:16:40,265
LABORATORY.

406
00:16:40,265 --> 00:16:41,834
EVERY SINGLE DAY WE'RE ANSWERING

407
00:16:41,834 --> 00:16:43,769
BIG QUESTIONS ABOUT EARTH, ABOUT

408
00:16:43,769 --> 00:16:45,304
SPACE, ABOUT WHERE WE CAME FROM

409
00:16:45,304 --> 00:16:46,739
AND WHERE WE'RE GOING.

410
00:16:46,739 --> 00:16:48,173
THE OTHER THING WE'RE DOING, IS

411
00:16:48,173 --> 00:16:50,342
WE'RE LEARNING MORE QUESTIONS TO

412
00:16:50,342 --> 00:16:50,642
ASK.

413
00:16:50,642 --> 00:16:51,844
THE QUESTION, I THINK IT'S

414
00:16:51,844 --> 00:16:54,713
IMPORTANT TO SAY, WHO ARE WE IF

415
00:16:54,713 --> 00:16:56,081
WE STOP EXPLORING.

416
00:16:56,081 --> 00:17:03,155
EVERY DAY IS THE MAGICAL AND

417
00:17:03,155 --> 00:17:03,489
TECHNICAL.

418
00:17:03,489 --> 00:17:05,224
THERE'S MOMENTS EVERY DAY, WHERE

419
00:17:05,224 --> 00:17:07,126
YOU STEP BACK AND YOU REALIZE,

420
00:17:07,126 --> 00:17:09,361
WE'RE WORKING OFF THE PLANET AND

421
00:17:09,361 --> 00:17:12,164
ONE OF THE MOST UNFORGIVING

422
00:17:12,164 --> 00:17:14,133
ENVIRONMENTS KNOWN TO MANKIND.

423
00:17:14,133 --> 00:17:28,247
IT'S REALLY INCREDIBLE.

424
00:17:28,247 --> 00:17:31,083
>> DOZENS OF NEW SCIENTIFIC

425
00:17:31,083 --> 00:17:32,284
EXPERIMENTS ARE SCHEDULED TO

426
00:17:32,284 --> 00:17:33,852
TRAVEL TO THE INTERNATIONAL

427
00:17:33,852 --> 00:17:35,921
SPACE STATION ABOARD THE NEXT

428
00:17:35,921 --> 00:17:37,489
DRAGON CARGO SHIP LATER THIS

429
00:17:37,489 --> 00:17:37,756
MONTH.

430
00:17:37,756 --> 00:17:39,458
THE SPACE STATION PROVIDES

431
00:17:39,458 --> 00:17:40,893
OPPORTUNITIES FOR GOVERNMENT

432
00:17:40,893 --> 00:17:43,595
AGENCIES, PRIVATE INDUSTRY AND

433
00:17:43,595 --> 00:17:45,197
ACADEMIC AND RESEARCH

434
00:17:45,197 --> 00:17:46,999
INSTITUTIONSES TO CONDUCT MICRO

435
00:17:46,999 --> 00:17:48,434
GRAVITY RESEARCH THAT COULD LEAD

436
00:17:48,434 --> 00:17:50,569
TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF NEW

437
00:17:50,569 --> 00:17:52,337
TECHOLOGIST AND PRODUCTS THAT

438
00:17:52,337 --> 00:19:40,979
COULD IMPROVE LIFE ON EARTH.

439
00:19:40,979 --> 00:19:43,649
>> THAT DRAGON CARGO SHIP LAUNCH

440
00:19:43,649 --> 00:19:45,417
IS CURRENTLY ON TRACK FOR THE

441
00:19:45,417 --> 00:19:48,287
EVENING, SUNDAY, JULY 21st.

442
00:19:48,287 --> 00:19:50,022
ONE DAY AFTER THE LAUNCH OF THE

443
00:19:50,022 --> 00:19:52,591
NEXT SOYUZ VEHICLE, CARRYING THE

444
00:19:52,591 --> 00:19:54,593
NEW MEMBERS TO THE INTERNATIONAL

445
00:19:54,593 --> 00:19:55,360
SPACE STATION.

446
00:19:55,360 --> 00:19:57,996
NASA ASTRONAUT, DREW MORGAN AND

447
00:19:57,996 --> 00:20:00,566
ESA ASTRONAUT, REMAIN TARGETED

448
00:20:00,566 --> 00:20:03,835
TO LAUNCH FROM THE COSMODRONE

449
00:20:03,835 --> 00:20:06,939
SATURDAY, JULY 20TH, 11:30 IN

450
00:20:06,939 --> 00:20:08,340
THE MORNING, HOUSTON TIME.

451
00:20:08,340 --> 00:20:09,808
THAT'S 50 YEARS TO THE DAY,

452
00:20:09,808 --> 00:20:12,544
AFTER APOLLO ASTRONAUTS, NEIL

453
00:20:12,544 --> 00:20:14,880
ARMSTRONG AND BUZZ ALDRON BECAME

454
00:20:14,880 --> 00:20:17,249
THE FIRST HUMAN BEINGS TO WALK

455
00:20:17,249 --> 00:20:18,250
ON THE MOON.

456
00:20:18,250 --> 00:20:19,618
THEIR MISSION WAS TO BE

457
00:20:19,618 --> 00:20:22,387
CONTROLLED IN A ROOM LOCATED 1

458
00:20:22,387 --> 00:20:24,323
FLOOR UP DIRECTLY OVERHEAD OF

459
00:20:24,323 --> 00:20:25,624
THE SPACE STATION FLIGHT CONTROL

460
00:20:25,624 --> 00:20:26,758
ROOM YOU SEE NOW.

461
00:20:26,758 --> 00:20:28,794
THAT HISTORIC ROOM HAS UNDERGONE

462
00:20:28,794 --> 00:20:30,796
A MASSIVE RESTORATION, TO MAKE

463
00:20:30,796 --> 00:20:33,332
IT LOOK AS IT DID 50 YEARS AGO.

464
00:20:33,332 --> 00:20:35,567
HAVE A LOOK AT THE THEN AND THE

465
00:20:35,567 --> 00:24:38,677
NOW.

466
00:24:38,677 --> 00:24:42,047
>> THE RESTORATION OF THE ROOM

467
00:24:42,047 --> 00:24:44,683
KNOWN AS FLIGHT CONTROL ROOM 2

468
00:24:44,683 --> 00:24:46,251
BACK IN THE DAY, IT TOOK YEARS

469
00:24:46,251 --> 00:24:51,223
TO MAKE.

470
00:24:51,223 --> 00:24:53,291
TO MATCH THE ORIGINAL CARPET AND

471
00:24:53,291 --> 00:24:54,793
PAINT AND MATCH ALL THE

472
00:24:54,793 --> 00:24:57,095
FURNISHINGS DOWN TO THE

473
00:24:57,095 --> 00:24:57,529
ASHTRAYS.

474
00:24:57,529 --> 00:24:58,964
HERE'S A SLICE ON WHAT IT TOOK

475
00:24:58,964 --> 00:27:02,253
TO BRING HISTORY BACK TO LIFE.

476
00:27:02,253 --> 00:27:04,422
>> IF YOU WOULD LIKE TO GET A

477
00:27:04,422 --> 00:27:06,791
LOOK AT ANY OF THE STORIES WE

478
00:27:06,791 --> 00:27:07,892
HAVE FEATURED TODAY, YOU CAN.

479
00:27:07,892 --> 00:27:10,495
CHECK US OUT ON YOUTUBE AND FACE

480
00:27:10,495 --> 00:27:10,829
BOOK.

481
00:27:10,829 --> 00:27:12,097
THERE'S THE ADDRESSES RIGHT

482
00:27:12,097 --> 00:27:14,866
THERE ON YOUR NASA TV SCREEN.

483
00:27:14,866 --> 00:27:17,302
WHILE YOU'RE AT THOSE PLACES, BE

484
00:27:17,302 --> 00:27:18,503
SURE TO LOOK AROUND BECAUSE

485
00:27:18,503 --> 00:27:20,972
THERE'S LOTS OF COOL STUFF TO

486
00:27:20,972 --> 00:27:24,075
FIND OUT ABOUT NASA AND NASA'S

487
00:27:24,075 --> 00:27:25,243
SPACE FLIGHT PROGRAM.

488
00:27:25,243 --> 00:27:27,012
WHILE ON THE INTERNET, CHECK OUT

489
00:27:27,012 --> 00:27:28,380
HOUSTON, WE HAVE A POD CAST.

490
00:27:28,380 --> 00:27:31,082
FOLKS IN NASA TALKING ABOUT

491
00:27:31,082 --> 00:27:31,883
THEIR WORK.

492
00:27:31,883 --> 00:27:35,020
AND WE POST NEW EPISODES EVERY

493
00:27:35,020 --> 00:27:35,553
FRIDAY.

494
00:27:35,553 --> 00:27:38,123
TODAY, WE START A SPECIAL SERIES

495
00:27:38,123 --> 00:27:41,326
OF MOD CAST ON THE APOLLO 11

496
00:27:41,326 --> 00:27:43,628
ANNIVERSARY. JERRY GOES

497
00:27:43,628 --> 00:27:45,630
ONE-ON-ONE WITH JIM BRANDENSTEIN

498
00:27:45,630 --> 00:27:47,899
TALKING ABOUT APOLLO AND NASA'S

499
00:27:47,899 --> 00:27:49,501
CURRENT EFFORTS TO RETURN

500
00:27:49,501 --> 00:27:51,236
ASTRONAUTS TO THE MOON TO STAY.

501
00:27:51,236 --> 00:27:54,572
GO TO NASA.GOV/POD CAST FOR

502
00:27:54,572 --> 00:27:55,640
TODAY'S EPISODE.

503
00:27:55,640 --> 00:27:57,575
FIND THE LIBRARY OF POD CAST

504
00:27:57,575 --> 00:28:00,311
THERE AND ALL THE OTHER NASA POD

505
00:28:00,311 --> 00:28:02,313
CAST, TOO, ALL OF WHICH YOU

506
00:28:02,313 --> 00:28:04,582
COULD LISTEN TO ON APPLE POD

507
00:28:04,582 --> 00:28:07,085
CAST, GOOGLE POD CAST AND SOUND

508
00:28:07,085 --> 00:28:07,452
CLOUD.

509
00:28:07,452 --> 00:28:08,620
THIS IS MISSION CONTROL,

510
00:28:08,620 --> 00:28:18,630
HOUSTON.