>> IGNITION SEQUENCE START.
♪
>> GOOD MORNING.
YOU'RE LOOKING AT MISSION
CONTROL HOUSTON.
THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION
FLIGHT CONTROL ROOM AT THE
JOHNSON SPACE CENTER IN HOUSTON.
THE TEAM SPECIALIST KEEPING AN
EYE ON STATION SYSTEMS AS THE
FIRST 24 HOURS OF EXPEDITION 63
PASSES QUIETLY INTO HISTORY.
COMMANDER CHRIS CASSADY AND
FLIGHT ENGINEERS ARE IN AN
EXTENDED SLEEP PERIOD.
AFTER A LONG DAY SEEING OFF A
TRIO OF CREW MEMBERS WHO RETURN
TO EARTH EARLY FRIDAY MORNING.
>> WELCOME TO SPACE TO GROUND.
AS WE COUNT UP TO 20 YEARS BOARD
THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION,
WE ON A HISTORIC MOMENT.
DIVERSITY AND TRIUMPH.
THIS WEEK MARKS THE 50th
ANNIVERSARY OF THE FLIGHT OF
APOLLO 13.
THE CREW WORK TOGETHER TO TURN A
LIFE-THREATENING SITUATION INTO
WHAT HAS BEEN CALLED A
SUCCESSFUL FAILURE.
THEY ARRIVED ON THE SOYUZ.
THESE NASA ASTRONAUTS JESSICA
MEIR AND ANDREW MORGAN SAID
THEIR FAREWELL.
THEY UNDOCKED FROM THE STATION
TO RETURN HOME BRINGING THEIR
EXPEDITION 62 MISSION TO AN END.
AFTER NEARLY FOUR-HOUR JOURNEY
THE CREW LANDED SAFELY IN
KAZAKHSTAN BEFORE THEY PARTED
WAYS TO HEAD OFF TO THEIR HOME
NATION.
NEXT PLANNED CREW FLIGHT
CURRENTLY SET FOR MAY WITH THE
ARRIVAL TWO NASA ASTRONAUTS
BOARD SPACEX CREW DRAGON.
YOU MIGHT SEE THE RETURN OF AN
OLD FRIEND.
THEY ARE MAKING A COME BACK TO
HELP CAPTURE THE EXCITEMENT OF
HUMAN SPACE FLIGHT.
WHILE MAKING AN APPEARANCE, TO
THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION
AS PART OF THE DEMO FLIGHT
MAKING RETURN TO SPACE FLIGHT ON
AMERICAN ROCKETS.
KEEP SENDING YOUR QUESTIONS
USING #ASKNASA.
FOR MORE INFORMATION ON APOLLO
13, WE INVITE YOU TO DOWNLOAD
EPISODE 139 IN HOUSTON.
WE HAVE A PODCAST TO HEAR THE
THOUGHTS OF CREW MEMBERS ABOUT
THEIR MISSION.
WE'LL SEE YOU NEXT WEEK.
>> THIS MISSION IS CHRIS
CASSADY'S THIRD VISIT TO THE
INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION.
HIS FIRST ASSIGNMENT AS STATION
COMMANDER.
DESPITE HAVING ALREADY SPENT 182
DAYS IN SPACE, MOST OF THAT ON
BOARD THIS SPACE STATION,
CASSADY SAID HE'LL BE SAVORING
EVERY MINUTE OF THIS FLIGHT.
>> SPACE STATION IS MUCH BIGGER
THAN PEOPLE THINK.
WHEN YOU TELL PEOPLE THAT I'M
GOING TO GO LIVE IN SPACE,
THEY'RE PICTURING THIS THING
WHERE YOU GOT TO TURN YOUR
SHOULDERS TO PASS EACH OTHER IN
THE HALLWAY LIKE A CRAMPED
SUBMARINE.
IT'S BIG.
YOU CAN SPEND A WHOLE DAY AND
NEVER SEE A CREW MATE EXCEPT FOR
MAYBE A MEAL.
THE OTHER THING PEOPLE DON'T
REALIZE, IT'S A MACHINE JUST
LIKE YOUR CAR, HOUSE OR
AIR-CONDITIONER.
IT WILL BREAK.
STUFF DOES.
PEOPLE SOMETIMES WHAT IT BROKE?
YEAH, IT'S MACHINE.
IT'S GOING TO BREAK.
THAT'S WHAT WE NEED TO DO IS
KEEP IT RUNNING.
AT THE END OF THE DAY, THERE'S
SEVERAL THINGS IN THE MISSION
THAT REQUIRES A PERSON TO TURN A
WRENCH AND FIX IT.
ON MY FIRST MISSION I WAS
SHUTTLE CREW MEMBER.
WE'RE HELPING CONSTRUCT THE
SPACE STATION.
MY SECOND MISSION AS SPACE
STATION CREW MEMBER, WE WERE
JUST KIND OF GETTING UP ON STEP
ON REALLY PUSHING THE SCIENCE
SYSTEMS OF THE SPACE STATION AND
GETTING THE MOST OUT OF ALL OF
THE ASSETS THAT SPACE STATION
HAS TO GIVE FOR SCIENCE AND
RESEARCH.
NOW I THINK WE ARE JUST COMING
ALONG WITH THE SCIENCE AND
RESEARCH.
THE GREATER COMMUNITY AND
PARTICULAR THE SPECIALIST AND
BUILDING 30 AND MISSION CONTROL.
REALLY KNOW HOW TO RUN THE SPACE
STATION TO KEEP IT RUN WELL SO
WE CAN DEVOTE TONS OF ASTRONAUT
HOURS TO SCIENCE.
ANNIVERSARY IS KIND OF SPECIAL
TO ME IN THE SENSE THAT BILL
SHEPARD WAS A COMMANDER OF
EXPEDITION ONE.
UNITED STATES NAVY SEAL.
I WILL BE THE COMMANDER OF
EXPEDITION 63.
20 YEARS LATER, UNITED STATES
NAVY SEAL.
THERE'S BEEN THREE OF US,
SHEPARD AND JOHNNY WHO COME FROM
THE SEAL COMMUNITY TO BE
ASTRONAUTS.
I THINK IT'S PRETTY COOL THAT
THERE'S BOOKENDS OF THE 20 YEARS
OF STATION WILL BE COMMANDED BY
SHEP AND MYSELF.
WHAT I'M LOOKING FORWARD TO MOST
ON THIS MISSION, THIS IS MY
THIRD ONE AND I AM GOING INTO IT
WITH THE MINDSET I WILL CHERISH
EVERYDAY THAT I'M THERE.
IT MIGHT BE THE LAST DAYS THAT I
GET TO LOOK OUT THE WINDOW AND
SEE EARTH.
I'M REALLY LOOKING FORWARD TO
APPRECIATING EVERY ONE OF THOSE
DAYS.
I'LL BE HAPPY TO GET BACK TO
EARTH AND BE WITH MY FAMILY.
I'M LOOKING FORWARD TO VALUING
THOSE DAYS WHILE I'M THERE.
I'M ASTRONAUT CHRIS CASSADY,
THANKS FOR BEING PART OF
EXPEDITION 63.
>> THE MISSION OF THE
INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION
INCLUDES FIGURING OUT HOW TO
SUPPORT THE HUMAN CREW MEMBERS
DURING LONG DURATION MISSIONS
AWAY FROM THE SAFETY OF EARTH.
PLUS, PROMOTING INTERNATIONAL
COOPERATION, SERVING AS A HOME
FOR SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH THAT
CAN'T BE DONE ON THE GROUND.
THINGS WE'LL NEED TO SUPPORT OUR
PLANS TO EXPLORE FARTHER THAN
BEFORE IN THE YEARS TO COME.
>> MAKING SPACE FOR TECHNOLOGY
DEVELOPMENT.
PRESENTED BY SCIENCE AT NASA.
THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION
OR ISS, IS EARTH'S ONLY ORBITING
LABORATORY.
THAT'S IMPORTANT BECAUSE IT NOT
ONLY ALLOWS US TO CONDUCT THE
RESEARCH THAT BENEFITS ALL OF US
ON EARTH IT ALSO PROVIDES THE
ONLY MICROGRAVITY ENVIRONMENT.
HERE ENGINEERING MODELS CAN BE
VALIDATED AND NEW TECHNOLOGIES
AND SYSTEMS FOR FUTURE MISSIONS
CAN BE DEMONSTRATED WITHOUT RISK
TO CREW MEMBERS.
HISTORICALLY, THE MERCURY
PROGRAM ENABLED THE GEMINI
PROGRAM WHICH IN TURN ENABLED
THE APOLLO PROGRAM.
TODAY THE SPACE STATION IS
GIVING US A SIMILAR EXPERIENCE
IN LONG DURATION SPACECRAFT
OPERATIONS AND SERVING AS A TEST
BED FOR NEW TECHNOLOGIES AND
UPGRADED VEHICLE SYSTEMS, WHICH
ARE ENABLING FUTURE MISSIONS.
DAVE IS ISS PORTFOLIO MANAGER.
HE NOTES THE ISS LET'S US
DEMONSTRATE THAT A TECHNOLOGY
WORKS AS INTENDED IN A
SPACECRAFT ENVIRONMENT.
DEMONSTRATIONS ON THE SPACE
STATION INFORM OPERATORS AND
FLIGHT CREWS HOW THE SYSTEM
OPERATES.
PROVES INTEROPERABILITY WITH
OTHER SYSTEMS.
THERE ARE MANY TECHNOLOGIES AND
CAPABILITIES THAT NEED TO BE
DEVELOPED AS WE MOVE FORWARD TO
THE MOON AND ON TO MARS.
FOR EXAMPLE, RESEARCHERS HAVE
RECENTLY TESTED A NEW DESIGN OF
SOLAR ARRAY THAT WILL BE USED ON
FIRST MODULE FOR THE DEEP SPACE
GATEWAY.
SOLAR RAYS IN OPERATION NOW NEED
TO UNFOLD BEFORE COMING ACTIVE.
NEW DESIGNS ALLOW FUTURE SOLAR
ARRAYS TO ROLL OUT AND RETRACT.
THEY WERE TESTED FOR STRENGTH
AND DURABILITY ON THE ISS AND
WERE DESIGNED TO BE MORE COMPACT
THAN CURRENT RIGID PANELS.
NASA ORION MULTIPURPOSE CREW
VEHICLE IS FOUR-PERSON
EXPLORATION CRAFT DESIGNED TO
TAKE ASTRONAUTS FARTHER IN SPACE
THAN ANYONE HAS GONE BEFORE.
ITS BACKUP NAVIGATION SYSTEM
USES A NEW TECHNOLOGY THAT IS
OPTICALLY BASED.
IT CAPTURES IMAGES OF THE MOON
OR EARTH AND BASED ON THEIR SIZE
AND ANGLE AND ALGORITHM
DETERMINES ORION'S LOCATION.
THESE OPTICS CAN'T BE TESTED ON
EARTH BECAUSE ATMOSPHERE WILL
DISSORT THE IMAGES ENOUGH TO
MAKE THE ALGORITHM INACCURATE.
A SECONDARY BENEFIT IS THE
SYSTEM WAS TESTED AS SPACECRAFT
SPEED, MAKING FOR A REALISTIC
NAVIGATION SCENARIO.
AS PEOPLE TRAVEL DEEPER INTO
SPACE, SOLUTIONS TO A VARIETY OF
SAFETY CHALLENGE.
FOR INSTANCE, IF A FIRE BREAKS
OUT, HOW FAST CAN IT GROW AND
SPREAD IN A MICROGRAVITY
ENVIRONMENT.
NASA SPACECRAFT FIRE SAFETY HAS
CONDUCTED A SERIES OF
EXPERIMENTS ON THREE ISS CARGO
VEHICLES TO MEASURE FLAME
GROWTH, OXYGEN USE AND
COMBUSTION PRODUCTS.
RESULTS ARE HELPING TO IMPROVE
SPACECRAFT FIRE DETECTION,
RESPONSE AND CREW PROTECTION.
ULTIMATELY, TECHNOLOGY AND
OPERATIONS DEMONSTRATIONS
OCCURRING ON THE ISS TODAY ARE
GUIDING OUR PLANNING, REDUCING
RISK AND PROVIDING CAPABILITIES
TO ENABLE FUTURE EXPLORATION
MISSIONS.
FOR MORE INSIDE INFORMATION
ABOUT THE TECH TESTED ABOARD THE
STATION, VISIT
WWW.NASA.GOV.ISS/SCIENCE.
>> IN ADDITION TO BEING THE
HANDS ON LABORATORY ASSISTANCE
FOR SCIENCE RESEARCH IN SPACE,
THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE
STATION'S CREW MEMBERS SPEND
SOME OF THEIR TIMESHARING THE
EXPERIENCE AND WORKING WITH
STUDENTS TO TEACH THEM MORE
ABOUT SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS.
ASTRONAUT CONTINUE -- SCOTT
TINGLE MADE THIS DEMONSTRATION
VIDEO OF IMPORTANCE OF
NUTRITION.
♪
>> HELLO, WELCOME TO THE
INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION.
HIM IN IS SCOTT TINGLE.
WE LIVE IN A MICROGRAVITY
ENVIRONMENT.
STAY HEALTHY, WE HAVE TO
MAINTAIN A NUTRITIOUS DIET JUST
LIKE BACK ON EARTH.
LET'S LOOK AT SOME OF THE FOOD
AND DRINK AND CHECK OUT OUR MEAL
PREPARATION AREA.
LONG DURATION SPACE FLIGHT WE
HAVE TO MAKE SURE WE RECEIVE
ENOUGH ENERGY, PROTEIN AND
VITAMIN.
OUR FOOD BACK ON EARTH MAKE SURE
WE GET PLENTY OF EACH.
WE COMBINE ALL THAT INSTITUTION
WITH EXERCISE TO ENSURE OUR BODY
STAYS HEALTHY AND STRONG.
WE EAT THREE MEALS A DAY JUST
LIKE WE DO ON EARTH AND MAYBE A
SNACK OR TWO.
ONE OF MY FAVORITE FOODS TO EAT
ARE NATURAL RAISINS.
WE HAVE TO KEEP OUR CALORIES UP.
CARBOHYDRATES IN THESE RAISINS
REALLY HELP.
THEY ARE FUN TO EAT TOO.
HOW DO WE STAY HYDRATED WITH
MICROGRAVITY.
THESE SPECIAL POUCHES THEY ARE
FILLED WITH WATER AND USE A
STRAW WITH ONE WAY VALVE.
HERE'S A LIQUID DRINK.
TROPICAL PUNCH FOR TODAY.
I LOVE DRINKING FOOD ON THE
STATION.
HERE ON STATION, WE HAVE A
PRETTY COOL PREPARATION AREA.
WE HAVE PLACE TO GET FRESH WATER
TO DRINK OR PUT IN YOUR
REHYDRATABLE FOOD.
WE HAVE AN OVEN TO PUT FOOD IN.
WE PICK OUT SOME OF OUR FAVORITE
FOODS, CHICKEN FAJITA FOR ME.
PUT IT IN THE OVEN, CLOSE THE
DOOR AND TURN IT ON.
IN 15 MINUTES, I WILL HAVE A
WARM MEAL.
THANKS FOR EXPLORING NUTRITION
WITH ME.
I WILL SEND YOU BACK TO EARTH.
SEE YOU AGAIN SOON.
>> TODAY, APRIL 17th IS THE
50th ANNIVERSARY OF ONE OF THE
MILESTONES AT NASA.
THE SPLASH DOWN OF APOLLO 13
WHERE THE ASTRONAUTS ALIVE AND
MOSTLY WELL AFTER AN ON BOARD
EXPLOSION CANCELED THEIR PLANS
TO LAND ON THE MOON.
THE PROGRAM THAT MADE GOOD ON A
PRESIDENT'S CHALLENGE TO
AMERICA, ALSO HAD THE PROFOUND
EFFECT OF INSPIRING MUCH OF A
GENERATION OF AMERICANS TO A
LIFETIME OF EXPLORATION THAT
CONTINUES RIGHT UP TO TODAY AND
TOMORROW.
>> THE EXPLORATION OF SPACE WILL
GO AHEAD.
WHETHER WE JOIN IN IT OR NOT.
IT IS ONE OF THE GREAT
ADVENTURES OF ALL TIME.
>> NO NATION EXPECTS TO BE THE
LEADER OF ANOTHER NATION.
>> WHY CHOOSE THIS AS OUR GOAL?
>> WHY CLIMB THE HIGHEST
MOUNTAIN?
WHY 35 YEARS AGO, FLY THE
ATLANTIC?
WHY DOES RICE PLAY TEXAS?
WE CHOOSE TO GO TO THE MOON.
[INDISCERNIBLE]
>> EXPEDITION 12 COMMANDER BILL
McARTHUR.
>> BECAUSE OF YOUR WORK, BECAUSE
OF THE INGENUITY AND DEDICATION
AND ENTREPRENEURIAL SPIRIT IN
THIS ROOM AND THROUGHOUT THE
AMERICA SPACE ENTERPRISE, THE
END OF APOLLO 11 WE FORGE
INCREDIBLE BREAKTHROUGHS IN OUR
TECHNOLOGY.
HAVE ALLOWED US TO GO FURTHER
MORE SAFELY IN SPACE THAN EVER
BEFORE.
LET ME BE CLEAR, THE FIRST WOMAN
AND THE NEXT MAN ON THE MOON
WILL BOTH BE AMERICAN
ASTRONAUTS.
>> THIS COMING WEDNESDAY
APRIL 22nd IS EARTH DAY.
IT'S THE 50th ANNIVERSARY OF
THE FIRST OBSERVANCE.
CHECK NASA.GOV/EARTH DAY FOR ALL
THE EVENTS NASA IS PLANNING.
FOR ASTRONAUT DREW MORGAN, HE
TOOK TWO WEEKS AGO WHILE GETTING
PACKED UP TO RETURN TO EARTH FOR
A LONG LOOK OUT THE WINDOW.
TAKING PICTURE OF THE PLANET
THAT IS THE FOCUS OF THE
UPCOMING EVENT.
>> APRIL 6, 2020.
IT'S EARLY IN THE MORNING ON
OREALLY LONG DAY.
18-HOUR DAY WE'LL DO SPACEX
RELIEF.
I GOT SOME FREE TIME WITH THIS
16-MILLIMETER LENS.
IT CAPTURES PIECES OF THE SPACE
STATION AS WELL AS PIECES OF THE
WINDOW AND IT FRAMES THE
PICTURES NICELY.
IT DOES CAUSE LITTLE BIT OF
DISTORTION AND EXAGGERATES THE
CURVES OF THE EARTH.
YOU CAN SEE THE ISS AND THE
WINDOW AND THE EARTH.
TAKING SOME PHOTOS HERE.
WE'RE FLYING NORTHEAST ACROSS
THE RED SEA NOW.
THIS IS SAUDI ARABIA, WE JUST
SAW THE NILE RIVER.
SINAI PENINSULA RIGHT OVER HERE.
YOU SEE THE RIVER OVER THERE.
THAT'S SINAI, RED SEA.
SEE THE MEDITERRANEAN.
THIS IS ONE OF MY FAVORITE
VIEWS.
COMING OVER THIS CORNER OF THE
MIDDLE EAST, AFRICA.
IT'S ALMOST ALWAYS CLEAR.
THAT'S COOL THERE.
YOU CAN SEE ALL OF ISRAEL.
YOU CAN SEE THE DEAD SEA.
THIS IS THE BACK HALF OF THE
ISS.
THERE'S THE RED SEA BACK BEHIND
THIS.
STRAIGHT UP, THIS IS CALLED
WINDOW 7.
THIS IS LOOKING STRAIGHT DOWN AT
THE EARTH.
OVER HERE --
[INDISCERNIBLE]
I'LL BE HERE COUPLE OF MORE
WEEKS.
NOW ACROSS OVER INTO IRAN.
THIS IS MAYBE PIECES OF IRAN
RIGHT HERE.
IT HAS SOME REALLY UNIQUE COLORS
IN THE WATERS.
AS WE MAKE OUR WAY IN THE
DIRECTION THAT WE'RE TRAVELING
RIGHT NOW, WE'RE STILL SENDING
THOSE.
WE'RE STILL TRYING LIKE
NORTHEAST OVER THE EARTH.
EVENTUALLY WE'LL START HEADING
SOUTH AS WE HIT THE TRANSITION
POINT WHERE WE GO FROM
10 CENTIMETERS.
WE CAN SEE JAPAN AND MIDDLE OF
ASIA NOW.
I JUST GOT UP.
TAKING PICTURE WITH A
16-MILLIMETER LENS.
BEGINNING OF A VERY LONG DAY.
>> IN THE 19 PLUS YEARS OF
CONTINUOUS HUMAN HABITATION OF
THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION,
MANY OF THE 240 DIFFERENT HUMAN
BEINGS WHO HAVE BEEN THERE HAVE
HAD A PROFOUND SHIFT IN THEIR
WORLD VIEW.
APPARENTLY LOOKING DOWN ON THE
ENTIRE WORLD AS DREW MORGAN WAS
JUST DOING, HAS THAT EFFECT ON
PEOPLE.
THE PHENOMENON HAS A NAME.
IT'S CALLED THE OVERVIEW EFFECT.
>> WE HAVE IGNITION, FIVE, FOUR,
THREE, TWO, ONE.
♪
>> MY FIRST TIME IS THE MOMENT I
WILL NEVER FORGET.
YOU COULDN'T WIPE THE SMILE OFF
MY FACE.
I WAS REALLY AMAZING.
>> EXPERIENCING THE VIEWS OF THE
EARTH, IT WAS SO INCREDIBLE.
IT'S JUST OVERWHELMING WHEN YOU
FIRST SEE IT.
>> MUCH AS WE LOVE THE PICTURES
THAT WE BRING BACK, IT'S NOT THE
SAME AS SEEING IT YOURSELF.
♪
[INDISCERNIBLE]
>> IF YOU LIKE ANOTHER LOOK AT
THE STORIES WE FEATURED TODAY,
CHECK US OUT, WE'RE ON YOUTUBE
AND FACEBOOK AT THE ADDRESSES ON
YOUR SCREEN.
BE SURE TO LOOK AROUND YOU'LL
FIND LOTS OF OTHER COOL STUFF
ABOUT NASA AND AMERICA'S HUMAN
SPACE FLIGHT PROGRAM.
IF YOU CAN ALSO EASILY CHECK OUT
HOUSTON WE HAVE A PODCAST.
THAT'S WHERE WE TALK TO FOLKS
ABOUT THEIR WORK IN ALL ASPECTS
OF SPACE EXPLORATION.
TODAY IN RECOGNITION OF THE
SOYUZ LANDING AND RETURN TO
EARTH.
GARY JORDAN PUT TOGETHER A
FIRST-PERSON NARRATIVE TO TAKE
YOU ALONG ON A TRIP TO
KAZAKHSTAN TO PICK UP STATION
CREW MEMBERS.
IT'S A GOOD LISTEN.
NEXT WEDNESDAY, BY THE WAY,
SPECIAL FOR EARTH DAY, WE'LL
POST EARLY WITH A TALK WITH THE
SCIENTISTS IN CHARGE OF EARTH
OKLAHOMA EXPERIMENTS ON THE
SPACE STATION.
LEARN ABOUT THE VALUE OF WHAT
THEY CAN SEE DOWN HERE FROM UP
THERE.
GO TO NASA.GOV/PODCAST FOR
TODAY''S EPISODE AND FULL
LIBRARY OF ALL NASA'S PODCAST.
ALL WHICH YOU CAN LISTEN TO ON
APPLE PODCAST AND GOOGLE PODCAST
AND SOUND CLOUD.