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>> HI, I'M JENNIFER.

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I'M AN ASTROPHYSICIST

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WITH NASA'S HUBBLE SPACE

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TELESCOPE MISSION,

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WHICH OBSERVES THE UNIVERSE.

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THIS IS "#ASKNASA"

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AND I'M HERE TO ANSWER

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YOUR QUESTIONS.

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THE HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE

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HAS BEEN OPERATING FOR 30 YEARS,

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BUT IT'S STILL VERY POWERFUL.

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I THINK WE HUMANS

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HAVE A CURIOSITY

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ABOUT HOW WE FIT IN

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TO THE NATURAL WORLD

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AND HOW OUR PLANET FITS

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INTO THIS MUCH LARGER UNIVERSE.

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WE HAVE A LOT MORE TO LEARN

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AND ONE OF THE THINGS

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THAT HUBBLE HAS TOLD US

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THROUGH ITS OBSERVATIONS

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IS THAT OUR UNIVERSE

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IS REALLY ACTIVE AND DYNAMIC.

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THE GALAXIES, THE STARS,

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THE PLANETS ARE NOT JUST

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SITTING THERE, STAGNANT.

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WE ACTUALLY HAVE LEARNED

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THROUGH HUBBLE OBSERVATIONS

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THAT STARS ARE STILL FORMING

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IN THESE INTERSTELLAR CLOUDS.

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WE'VE LEARNED THAT

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OUR OWN SOLAR SYSTEM

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IS INCREDIBLY DYNAMIC.

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ONE OF THE EARLIEST OBSERVATIONS

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FROM HUBBLE SHOWED A COMET

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CRASHING INTO JUPITER.

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WE'VE DISCOVERED, ACTUALLY,

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THAT THE MOONS AROUND PLANETS

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IN OUR OWN SOLAR SYSTEM

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ARE INTERESTING PLACES

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IN THEIR OWN RIGHT.

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HUBBLE FOUND EVIDENCE

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FOR WATER VAPOR PLUMES

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BEING EJECTED FROM THE SURFACE

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OF THE MOON EUROPA

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AROUND JUPITER.

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SO HUBBLE CONTINUES TO BE

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AT THE FOREFRONT OF

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ASTRONOMICAL EXPLORATION.

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WE ARE LOOKING AT

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WHAT WE CALL EXOPLANETS.

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SO EXOPLANETS

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ARE PLANETS THAT ARE ORBITING

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STARS OTHER THAN OUR SUN.

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AND HUBBLE IS ACTUALLY

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FINDING WATER VAPOR

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IN THE ATMOSPHERES

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OF SOME OF THESE EXOPLANETS.

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THAT'S A HOT TOPIC FOR

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HUBBLE STUDY RIGHT NOW.

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ON THE BIGGER SCALE,

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WE WERE VERY SURPRISED

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WHEN IT WAS DETERMINED THAT

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THE EXPANSION RATE--

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THAT IS, THE RATE THAT

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SPACE IS STRETCHING

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AND THE GALAXIES SEEM TO BE

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MOVING APART FROM EACH OTHER.

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IS INCREASING,

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IN OTHER WORDS,

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THE UNIVERSE EXPANSION

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IS ACCELERATING.

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NOW, WE DON'T KNOW

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WHAT WOULD CAUSE THAT,

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M-MATTER IN THE UNIVERSE TENDS

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TO HAVE A GRAVITATIONAL PULL

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THAT PULLS THINGS BACK TOGETHER

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OR AT LEAST WOULD SLOW DOWN

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THIS EXPANSION.

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NOT SPEED IT UP.

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AND SO WE CALL IT DARK ENERGY,

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THIS MENURE-- MYSTERIOUS

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PHENOMENON THAT SEEMS TO BE

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ACCELERATING THE EXPANSION

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OF THE UNIVERSE.

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THE HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE

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RECEIVES COMMANDS TRANSMITTED

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UP FROM THE GROUND.

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SO HERE AT NASA'S

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GODDARD SPACE FLIGHT CENTER,

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WE HAVE A CONTROL ROOM WHERE

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THE TELESCOPE IS MONITORED.

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WE TRANSMIT COMMANDS

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UP TO HUBBLE

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THAT TELL IT WHERE TO POINT.

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THE DATA ARE RECORDED

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AND EVENTUALLY,

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SCIENTISTS WILL DETERMINE

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THE ANSWERS TO THE QUESTIONS

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THEY WERE TRYING TO ASK

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BY TAKING THESE OBSERVATIONS.

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NOW, THE IMAGES FROM HUBBLE

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THAT MOST OF US

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REALLY ENJOY LOOKING AT--

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THESE IMAGES OF GALAXIES,

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AND NEBULAE AND STARS

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AND PLANETS,

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THE WEB SITES

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LIKE NASA.GOV/HUBBLE

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AND HUBBLESITE.ORG.

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HOST THESE IMAGES,

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THEY'RE FREELY AVAILABLE

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AND OUR EXPOSURES WITH HUBBLE

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ARE GOING ON EVERY SINGLE DAY.

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SO WE'RE CAN-- WE'RE STILL

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A VERY ACTIVE OBSERVATORY.

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HUBBLE IS TEACHING US A LOT

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ABOUT THE UNIVERSE

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NOT ONLY THROUGH

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LOOKING AT THE COLORS

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THAT OUR EYES CAN SEE,

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BUT LOOKING BEYOND THAT

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RANGE OF COLORS

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THAT OUR EYES CAN SEE.

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SO OUR EYES CAN SEE

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THE COLORS OF THE RAINBOW

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FROM VIOLET TO RED.

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HUBBLE CAN SEE THOSE

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VISIBLE COLORS,

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BUT HUBBLE CAN ALSO SEE

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A LITTLE BIT REDDER THAN RED.

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INTO THE INFRARED PART

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OF THE ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM.

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AND HUBBLE CAN SEE

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A LITTLE BIT BLUER THAN BLUE

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INTO THE ULTRAVIOLET PART

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OF THE ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM.

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BUT A LOT OF THINGS IN SPACE

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THAT WE'RE INTERESTED IN

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EMIT THEIR RADIATION

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IN THOSE INVISIBLE COLORS.

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NOW, ONE EXAMPLE IS SEEN

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IN THE FAMOUS IMAGES

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OF THE EAGLE NEBULA.

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NOW, WITH HUBBLE'S

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VISIBLE LIGHT CAMERA,

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YOU CAN SEE THESE

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DRAMATIC PILLARS.

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IF YOU LOOK AT THAT SAME REGION

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WITH HUBBLE'S INFRARED

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CAMERA CAPABILITY,

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YOU CAN SEE THROUGH

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SOME OF THAT DUST.

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YOU SEE INTO THOSE PILLARS.

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YOU SEE A LOT MORE STARS

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THAT WERE PREVIOUSLY VEILED.

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WHEN THE JAMES WEBB

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SPACE TELESCOPE LAUNCHES,

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WE WILL BE ABLE TO SEE

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EVEN FARTHER INTO

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THE INFRARED PART OF

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THE ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM.

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SO WE'RE LOOKING FORWARD

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TO HAVING COMPLEMENTARY

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OBSERVATIONS TO GIVE US

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A LOT MORE INFORMATION

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ABOUT DISTANT GALAXIES

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AND ABOUT STAR FORMING NURSERIES

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RIGHT HERE IN OUR OWN GALAXY.

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THE HUBBLE SPACE TELESCOPE

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CAN SEE DEEP INTO SPACE

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WHICH IS REALLY LOOKING

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DEEP BACK IN TIME.

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BECAUSE IT'S TAKEN TIME FOR--

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FOR DISTANT OBJECTS

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TO HAVE THEIR LIGHT

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TRAVERSE SPACE TO GET TO US.

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SOME OF THE GALAXIES

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THAT HUBBLE HAS SEEN

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ARE SHINING TO US FROM MILLIONS

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OF YEARS IN THE PAST.

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AND SOME OF THE GALAXIES

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THAT HUBBLE HAS SEEN

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HAVE TAKEN BILLIONS OF YEARS

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TO GET TO US.

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WE TYPICALLY THINK IN TERMS

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OF LIGHT YEARS INSTEAD

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OF MILES OR KILOMETERS

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WHEN WE'RE TALKING

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ABOUT DEEP SPACE BECAUSE

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THE DISTANCES ARE SO VAST.

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BUT HUBBLE IS-IS SEEING MORE

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THAN 13 BILLION LIGHT YEARS

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INTO THE DISTANT PAST

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AND INTO THE DISTANT UNIVERSE

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AND THAT IS TRULY

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AWE INSPIRING.

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>> DO YOU HAVE A QUESTION

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FOR NASA?

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SEND YOUR QUESTIONS

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TO OUR EXPERTS ON TWITTER

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USING HASHTAG ASKNASA.