WE'VE BEEN DEVELOPING CANCER CELLS TO SPECIFIC
BIOLOGICAL DRUGS THAT CAN SELECTIVELY AND EFFECTIVELY
GO AFTER CANCER CELLS.
AND WE UNCOVERED THAT CANCER CELLS HAVE A
FOREIGN LANGUAGE THAT THEY ONLY SPEAK IN THE BODY.
THIS ALLOWS US TO EXPLOIT THIS LANGUAGE,
TO ENCRYPT OUR BIOLOGICAL DRUGS IN THAT FOREIGN
LANGUAGE SO ONLY CANCER CELLS CAN UNDERSTAND US.
SO WE'RE DOING THIS EXTREME FORM OF STRESS
TESTING UNDER MICROGRAVITY.
THAT IS OUR FIRST ACHIEVEMENT.
IF WE CAN IDENTIFY AT LEAST ONE CANDIDATE THAT IS
RESISTANT TO LEAKINESS AND NORMAL CELLS, DESPITE BEING
PUSHED TO THIS MICROGRAVITY CONDITIONS, THEN THERE'S
A GOOD CHANCE THAT WHEN WE GO INTO THE CLINIC WITH
HUNDREDS OF DIFFERENT TYPES OF CANCER CELL RIBOSOMES,
CANCER CELL BIOMARKERS, THEN WE WILL BE ABLE TO
STILL RELY ON THIS ASSET FOR CLINICAL DEVELOPMENT.
ASTRONAUTS WILL TAKE OUR CELLS AND PUT THEM INTO, BACK
INTO THE PROPER 37 DEGREE CELL CULTURE INCUBATOR,
AND THEN WITH SYRINGES, THEY ARE GOING TO APPLY OUR
REAGENTS INTO THE CANCER CELLS AND THE HEALTHY CELLS.
AND THEN THE NEXT DAY THEY ARE GONNA DO THE READOUT AND
SEE WHETHER THIS DIFFERENTIAL BEHAVIOR IS RECAPITULATED
IN MICROGRAVITY CONDITIONS.
THIS IS ALL ABOUT BETTING ON THE RIGHT ASSETS
FOR FUTURE DEVELOPMENT BECAUSE DRUG DEVELOPMENT
IS COSTLY AND TAKES TIME.
AND WE'RE ALSO, WE'RE ALSO BUILDING HOPE WITH PATIENTS.
WE WANT TO IDENTIFY THE BEST CANDIDATES FOR THEM.
I KNOW IT'S A TOILET AND I GET A BIG LAUGH FROM
MY FRIENDS ALL THE TIME.
LIKE, OH, HE'S, YOU KNOW, HE'S BUILDING A TOILET.
AND YOU'RE LIKE, HUH, NOT JUST A TOILET, YOU KNOW,
A TITANIUM SPACE TOILET.
SO IT'S PRETTY NIFTY, ESPECIALLY WHEN YOU GET
INTO THE COMPLEXITIES OF IT.
THE UWMS IS 65% SMALLER AND 40% LIGHTER THAN THE
CURRENT TOILET USED ON ISS.
OUR TOILET WILL BE INSTALLED JUST ADJACENT TO THAT TOILET
AND WILL UNDERGO A CONCURRENT USE WITH THAT TOILET AS
WE DO THE DEMONSTRATION.
ONE OF THE THINGS THAT UWMS HAS TO DO IS IT ACTUALLY HAS
TO INJECT PRETREAT INTO THE URINE BEFORE IT SENDS IT TO
THE URINE PROCESSOR ASSEMBLY.
THE PRETREAT IS A VERY STRONG ACID AND IT IS
NOT VERY COMPATIBLE WITH A LOT OF MATERIALS.
SO THAT FORCED US TO HAVE TO USE A LOT OF
EXOTIC MATERIALS SUCH AS INCONEL, ELGILOY, TITANIUM.
SO ONE OF THE COOLEST THINGS THAT WE ACTUALLY
DID ON THIS PROJECT, IS WE IMPLEMENTED A PROCESS CALLED
ELECTRON BEAM POWDER BED FUSION, THAT'S JUST A BIG,
FANCY WORD FOR 3D PRINTING.
YOU KNOW, WHEN WE GO TO THE BATHROOM HERE,
GRAVITY PULLS EVERYTHING TO THE GROUND, ESSENTIALLY
AWAY FROM THE BODY.
WELL, IN MICROGRAVITY, WHEN YOU GO INTO SPACE,
YOU DON'T HAVE THAT LUXURY.
SO WE HAVE TO ESSENTIALLY CREATE OUR
OWN ARTIFICIAL GRAVITY.
SO AT THE HEART OF THE UWMS IS CALLED, IS THE
DUAL FAN SEPARATOR.
AND THAT'S ACTUALLY THE PART THAT'S ACTUALLY MADE OUT
OF THE 3D PRINTED TITANIUM.
EXPLORATION IS, IS A HARD BUSINESS.
IT'S, IT'S UNCOMFORTABLE.
THERE'S A LOT OF THINGS THAT THE CREW HAS TO
DO JUST TO EXPLORE.
AND THE GOAL WITH THE UWMS IS TO MEET THE CHALLENGES OF
SPACE FLIGHT IN TERMS OF MASS AND VOLUME AND POWER USAGE AND
KEEP WITHIN THOSE CONSTRAINTS, BUT ALSO MAKE IT A SYSTEM THAT
THE CREW HAS A MORE LIKELIHOOD TO BE COMFORTABLE WITH.
THE OBJECTIVE OF THE EXPERIMENT SEEMS
VERY SIMPLE AND IT IS GROWING THE RADISHES.
ON THE ISS.
I KNOW THAT RADISHES HAVE BEEN GROWN SEVERAL TIMES,
BUT NEVER IN THE ADVANCED PLANT HABITAT THAT WE HAVE
ACTUALLY ENOUGH SPACE TO GROW A NUMBER OF PLANTS THAT ALLOW
US TO DO SOME STATISTICS.
PLANT HABITAT IS CURRENTLY THE LARGEST, MOST COMPLEX
PLANT GROWTH SYSTEM ON THE SPACE STATION.
THE ACTUAL GROWTH VOLUME ITSELF FOR PLANTS
MEASURES ABOUT 20 BY 20 BY 20 INCHES CUBE.
SO ALL THE REST OF THE VOLUME OF PLANT HABITAT IS ALL OF THE
STUFF THAT IT TAKES TO PROVIDE A CONTROLLED ENVIRONMENT FOR
THE PLANTS THAT ARE GROWING INSIDE OF THE GROWTH CHAMBER.
RADISHES GROW TO A SIZABLE VOLUME AND A BIG PIECE OF
THAT MASS IS THE RADISH ITSELF THAT BULBOUS TISSUE AND THE
PROCESS OF DEVELOPING THIS SECONDARY TISSUE IS COMPLETELY
UNRESEARCHED IN SPACE, BUT IT IS RELEVANT BECAUSE IT IS
SENSITIVE TO ALL THESE THINGS THAT WE HAVE ON STATION.
SO IT ADDS TO THIS RATHER COMPLEX SET OF DATA THAT
WE NEED TO GET A HANDLE ON, TO PROPERLY GROW AND
UNDERSTAND THE CULTIVATION OF PLANTS IN SPACE.
TO GO TO MARS IS A LONG HAUL AND TO GO ANY FURTHER
THAN MARS IS LONGER YET.
SO WITHOUT A DOUBT, UNLESS WE ARE GOING TO HAVE
SPACE VEHICLES THAT HAVE ROTATING ELEMENTS THAT CAN
PROVIDE SOME FRACTIONAL GRAVITY, THERE'S GOING TO
BE A MICROGRAVITY AREA.
AND IN ORDER TO GROW A REASONABLE AMOUNT OF PLANTS,
WE ARE TALKING ABOUT THEM ABOUT MUCH LARGER SYSTEM.
AND SO THIS EXPERIMENT IS, IS ONE WAY OF TRYING
TO GET A LITTLE CLOSER.
FOR THE PAST TWO YEARS, WE HAVE BEEN IN INTENSIVE
PRODUCTION ON A PROJECT CALLED SPACE EXPLORERS
THE ISS EXPERIENCE THAT IS FILMING INSIDE AND OUTSIDE
OF THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION THROUGH THE IMMERSIVE
POWER OF VIRTUAL REALITY.
AND IN A FEW MONTHS, WE'RE GOING TO TAKE THE CAMERA
OUTSIDE TO A DOCUMENT A FULL SPACE WALK AND TO
FILM EXTERIOR SHOTS OF THE SPACE STATION AS WELL
AS SHOTS OF PLANET EARTH.
WHAT WE ARE DOING NOW IS GETTING READY TO LAUNCH
OUR EVA VIRTUAL REALITY CAMERA, WHICH IS A SLIGHTLY
DIFFERENT SYSTEM TO THE IVA CAMERA THAT WE'VE BEEN
USING FOR THE PAST TWO YEARS INSIDE OF THE SPACE STATION.
WE WORKED IN COLLABORATION WITH NANORACKS TO MAKE
IT BASICALLY RESISTANCE TO THE PRESSURE OF SPACE,
THE, UH, EXTREME VARIATIONS IN TEMPERATURES AND WE
HAD TO MAKE SURE THAT THE LENSES WERE ALSO
CERTIFIED FOR USE OUTSIDE.
AND WE'RE BASICALLY GOING TO USE DEXTRE AND THE CANADARM AS
KIND OF A CELESTIAL CRANE AS YOU WOULD IN THE MIDDLE MOVIES
TO SHOOT OUTSIDE OF THE ISS.
BEYOND THE ISS OF COURSE, ARE A LOT MORE PLACES TO EXPLORE.
SO THIS HAS REALLY BEEN, YOU KNOW, INVALUABLE KNOWLEDGE
TO HELP US DESIGN FUTURE CAMERAS THAT ARE GOING
TO GO DEEPER INTO SPACE.
ONCE AUDIENCES EXPERIENCE IT I BELIEVE THEY WILL NOT WANT
TO GO BACK TO TRADITIONAL MEDIA TO EXPERIENCE
SPACE CONTENT, YOU KNOW.
IT'S GOING TO BE THE SORT OF DEFAULT FAST TRACK.
SPACE EQUALS IMMERSIVE MEDIA.
AND BECAUSE OF THAT I THINK THAT WE'RE GOING TO
BE BUSY IN THE NEXT FEW YEARS, DOING MORE AND MORE
AND MORE OF THOSE PROJECTS.
NASA IS LOOKING FOR STRATEGIES TO TAKE ADVANTAGE OF THE
WASTE GENERATED IN THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION.
AND ONE OF THE WAYS OF THOSE WASTES IS URINE.
AFTER CERTAIN PROCESSES THAT URINE CAN BE CONVERTED TO
AMMONIA AND AMMONIA CAN BE USED AS A FUEL IN A FUEL CELL.
THE PROJECT INTENDS TO HELP WITH THE WATER
RECYCLING AND ALSO GENERATE ELECTRICAL CURRENT.
AMMONIA OXIDATION IS JUST ONE COMPONENT OF A PROCESS THAT
HAS BEEN DEVELOPED IN THE LAB FOR THE SEVERAL YEARS NOW THAT
CAN BE USED TO PURIFY URINE.
THIS WILL CREATE A SYSTEM THAT CAN BE USED FOR THAT.
THIS IS THE MODULE.
LIKE IT'S OPEN.
EVERYTHING WILL BE INSIDE NOW IT'S OUT
BECAUSE I'M TESTING IT.
RIGHT.
BUT IF YOU SEE THE TUBINGS, THE WIRES, THE PUMPS, AND
ALSO THIS WHITE BOX IS THE AUTONOMOUS POTENTIAL STEP.
SO THIS IS MORE THAN AN APPLICATION FOR
THE SPACE STATION.
IF IT'S EFFICIENT IN THE SPACE STATION, IT'S
MORE EFFICIENT ON EARTH.
SO THAT'S SORT OF WHY WE WANT TO DEMONSTRATE
THAT IT CAN WORK.
SO IF YOU THINK BACK TO THE HISTORY, WE STARTED
WITH COMMERCIAL CARGO TO GET CARGO UP AND DOWN
THE LOW-EARTH ORBIT.
THEN WE MOVED TO COMMERCIAL CREW TO GET PEOPLE UP AND
DOWN TO LOW-EARTH ORBIT.
BUT WE ALSO THOUGHT THAT IT WOULD BE KEY TO SORT OF
HELP STIMULATE COMMERCIAL DEMANDS SO THAT WE WOULD
NOT BE THE ONLY CUSTOMER FOR MICROGRAVITY RESEARCH
CAPABILITY IN LOW-EARTH ORBIT.
LET’S EXPAND IT AND SEE WHAT PRIVATE INDUSTRY WOULD WANT
TO DO AND LET THEM COME UP WITH THESE INNOVATIVE IDEAS
ON HOW THEY COULD MAYBE MAKE MONEY AND STIMULATE
THIS LEO ECONOMY WITH IDEAS THAT THEY CAME UP WITH.
SO THAT'S WHAT WE DID.
WE CARVED OUT.
A CERTAIN AMOUNT OF RESOURCES, CREW TIME, AND UPMASS TO JUST
SUPPORT COMMERCIAL MARKETING AND PROMOTION ACTIVITIES.
WE DID THE VERY FIRST MISSION ON A SPACEX CARGO FLIGHT
THAT WENT UP THERE AND IS ON SPACE STATION TODAY.
AND ESTÉE LAUDER IS COMING UP NEXT.
SO FOR THIS PARTICULAR PAYLOAD, ESTÉE LAUDER HAS
PROPOSED TO FLY THEIR ADVANCED NIGHT REPAIR PRODUCT TO THE
INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION AND TO PHOTOGRAPH THAT IN
THE ISS'S ICONIC CUPOLA.