.
>>> THE SUN IS A MASSIVE DYNAMIC
PLACE.
ITS IMPACT IS FELT ACROSS THE
SOLAR SYSTEM.
THREE NEW MISSIONS ARE GOING TO
HELP US UNDERSTAND OUR STAR LIKE
NEVER BEFORE.
THEY WILL MONITOR THE SUN'S
EFFECT FROM UP CLOSE, OUT TO THE
EDGES OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM.
>> WE NEED TO UNDERSTAND HOW OUR
OWN GALAXY WAS CREATED.
>> EVERY TIME WE HAVE GONE SOME
PLACE NEW, WE HAVE BEEN
SURPRISED.
>> WE EXPECTED GREAT DISCOVERIES
OF THINGS YOU WE CAN'T EVEN
ENVISION TODAY.
>> HELLO, AND WELCOME TO NASA
KENNEDY SPACE CENTER IN FLORIDA.
TIME SARAH FRASER WITH NASA'S
OFFICE OF COMMUNICATION.
AND YOU ARE WATCHING THE SCIENCE
NEWS CONFERENCE FOR IMAP,
CURRUTHERS GEOCORONA OBSERVATORY
AND SWFO-L1.
FROM THE LAUNCH COMPLEX 39-A
LAUNCHED TUESDAY SEPTEMBER 23 AT
7:32 A.M. EASTERN TIME.
IMAP SHORT SUPPORT INTERSTELLAR
MAPPING IS JOINING THE HELIO
FLEET.
AN EXCITING LAUNCH BECAUSE ALL
ARE CONNECTED TO HELIO PHYSICS.
THE CURRUTHERS WILL JOIN THE
FLEET.
AND FOR NOAA'S SPACE FORECASTS
AND ALERTS.
TO SHARE MORE OF THE
OBSERVATIONS ARE JOE WESTLAKE,
DIRECTOR OF HELIO PHYSICS,
DAVID MAKOMIS, IMAP INVESTIGATOR
PRINCETON. LAURA WALTRIP,
UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS.
JAMIE FAVORS, DIRECTOR OF SPACE
WEATHER PROGRAM HELIO PHYSICS
DIVISION.
CLINTON WALLACE DIRECTOR OF
SPACE PREDICTION AND JIM SPANN,
NOAA'S OFFICE OF SPACE
EX-EMPLOYEE PLACE.
THOSE IN THE ROOM CAN RAISE
THEIR HANDS AND THOSE ON THE
PHONE CAN GET INTO THE QUESTION
CUE BY STAR 1.
WATCHING ONLINE, WE WILL TAKE
QUESTIONS FROM SOCIAL MEDIA WITH
HASH TAG ASK NASA.
TURN TO OVER TO JOE.
>> I AM SO INCREDIBLY EXCITED TO
BE HERE.
NOT ONLY THE JOY OF BEING ABLE
TO LAUNCH THESE AMAZING
SCIENTIFIC MISSIONS OUT INTO
SPACE.
BUT WE AS NASA HELIO PHYSICS HAD
AN AMAZING YEAR THIS YEAR.
WHETHER ENTERING OUR SLANG ERA
AND PUTTING THE
WORD HELIOPHYSICS INTO THE DITCH
THAT ARY AND MOVING TO MOTIVATE
AND PROPEL OUR SPACE WEATHER
EARN DEFERS FORWARD.
IF I CAN HAVE THE FIRST SLIDE
HERE.
IF WE GO AHEAD AND LOOK FORWARD
TO THE MULTITUDE OF LAUNCHES
THAT WE HAD THIS YEAR.
WE LAUNCHED THE INSTRUMENT LEXI
ON BOARD THE BLUE GHOST, SAT
FROM THE LUNAR SURFACE TAKING
MEASUREMENTS OF THE EARTH'S
MAGNETOSPHERE.
FOUR SMALL PUNCH SATELLITES TO
LOOK AT THE SOLAR WIND AS IT
COMES ALL THE WAY FROM THE SUN
BACK TO THE EARTH.
EASY RODE ALONG ON A SPACE X
TRANSPORTER TO LOOK AT THE
AURORA ELECTROJETS.
THE FEATURES OF OUR AURORA AND
DIFFERENT THINGS THAT ARE GOING
ON IN THE PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENTS
OF THE REGION.
TWO TWIN CHASER SPACECRAFTS THAT
ARE OUT LOOKING AT HOW OUR
MAGNETIC FIELDS CONNECT OUT INTO
SPACE.
NOW WE ARE LAUNCHING
INTERSTELLAR MAPPING AND
ACCELERATION AND THE CURRUTHERS
GEOCORONA OBSERVATORY.
WONDERFUL COMPLEX OF
UNDERSTANDING THE SCIENCE, BOTH
OF SPACE WEATHER AND LOOKING
BACK ON OUR OWN EARTH AND
UNDERSTANDING ITS UPPER
ATMOSPHERE, UNDERSTANDING HOW
OUR ATMOSPHERE GOES OUT INTO
SPACE.
CURRUTHERS IS EXPECTED TO IT BE
THE FIRST TO OPERATE OUGHT L 1.
STABLE OR BIT BETWEEN THE EARTH
AND THE SUN ONE MILLION.
AND A FAST SATELLITE OF
CONTINUED OBSERVATIONS OF THE
EARTH'S EXOSPHERE.
IMAP WILL LOOK INTO THE
COSMOSPHERE TO LOOK THE BUSHEL
FROM GALACTIC COSMIC RAYS TO THE
FARTHEST REACHES SPACE.
PERSONALLY I HAD A LONG HISTORY
OF IMAP.
I GOT TO WORK ON THIS MISSION
FOR QUITE SOME TIME.
I STARTED AS PROJECT SCIENTIST
FOR THIS MISSION BEFORE TAKING
THIS JOB HERE.
AND SPENT SO MUCH TIME WITH THE
ENGINEERING TEAM, WITH THE
SCIENCE TIPSES, AND ALL THE
FOLKS WITH MY COLLEAGUE
DAVE MAKOMIS AND THE WHOLE CREW,
AND SO INCREDIBLY EXCITING TO BE
PART OF A MISSION FROM BEGINNING
FROM CONCEPT NOW ALL THE WAY TO
LAUNCH.
AND SO THIS NEXT SET OF MISSIONS
-- IF WE CAN GO TO THE NEXT
VIDEO.
THE ULTIMATE COSMIC CARPOOL.
MISSIONS TO THE L-1.
RIDING A LONG TOGETHER PROVIDES
IMMENSE VALUE FOR THE AMERICAN
TAXPAYER .THESE SPACECRAFT
MISSIONS GOING TOGETHER WOULD
HAVE TAKEN US THREE SEPARATE
LAUNCHES AND TAKEN THREE
SEPARATE MISSION DESIGN.
HAVING THEM FILE TOGETHER AS ONE
PROVIDES AN IMMENSE VALUE FOR
OUR AMERICAN TAXPAYER.
PARTNERSHIP LIKE WE HAVE NEVER
SEEN BEFORE.
INCREDIBLY HAPPY WITH THE WORK
WE HAVE DONE BETWEEN NASA AND
NOAA TO EFFECTIVELY CREATE THE
RESEARCH SIDE OF SPACE WEATHER,
RIGHT, LOOKING AT THE TIP OF
THE SPHERE AND HOW WE PROPEL NEW
SPACE WEATHER ACTIVITIES FORWARD
SWFO-L1 WHICH PROVIDES OUR SPACE
OPERATION AND ALERTS AS WE GO
DOWN TO ALL THE FOLKS HERE ON
THE GROUND AND ALL OF THE
DIFFERENT INDUSTRIES THAT
REQUIRE THIS INFORMATION FOR
THEIR DAILY ACTIVITIES.
I WOULD LIKE TO THANK THE
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS OF OUR
TWO MISSIONS THAT YOU HAVE UP
HERE.
WE WILL HEAR FROM THEM SOON.
DAVID MAKOMIS AND LAURA WALTRIP
WHO LED AS PRIMARY INVEST
INVESTIGATORS .THEY ARE PURE
SCIENTISTS.
TAKES A VILLAGE.
MULTITUDE OF INSTITUTIONS TO
MAKE THESE MISSION AS SUCCESS.
GO AHEAD TO THE NEXT SLIDE.
THIS IS REALLY A MONUMENTAL
MOMENT FOR SPACE WEATHER.
THESE THREE MISSIONS WORKING
TOGETHER SEPARATELY AND TOGETHER
WITHIN THE REST OF SPACE -- THE
SPACE WEATHER FLEET.
THEY PROVIDE UNPRECEDENTED
INSIGHT INTO THE SPACE WEATHER
WITH REALTIME OBSERVATIONS OF
THE SOLAR WIND.
AND INSIGHT INTO THE EXOSHHERE.
AND THE NEAR SUN MACHINE EARTH
ENVIRONMENT.
VALUE ADD FOR SPACE WEATHER
SCIENCE RESEARCH AND OPERATION
IS HUGE.
EVERY HUMAN ON EARTH AS WELL AS
NEARLY EVERY SYSTEM INVOLVED IN
SPACE EXPLORATION AND HUMAN
NEEDS IS AFFECTED BY SPACE
WEATHER.
MOST COMPANIES OUT THERE,
WHETHER THEY BELIEVE IT OR KNOW
IT OR NOT, ARE SOON TO BE A
SPACE COMPANY.
ALMOST EVERYTHING YOU USE THE
PHONES IN YOUR POCKET TO THE
FOOD DELIVERED TO OUR TABLE HAVE
SOMETHING TO DO WITH WHAT IS
GOING ON IN SPACE.
FROM THE SUN TO MUD AND FROM THE
SUN TO INTERSTELLAR SPACE.
THIS MISSION TRAILER ILLUSTRATES
PERFECTLY.
MANY WAYS IN THE LAST YEAR, I
HOPE YOU ALL HAD A OPPORTUNITY
TO SEE SPACE WEATHER HIT HOME.
A LARGE STORM THAT HIT US LAST
MAY, WE CALLED IT THE GANNON
STORM.
ONE IN MAY.
ONE IN OCTOBER.
WE WERE ABLE TO SEE AURORA THE
WAY TO THE SOUTHERN REGIONS OF
THE UNITED STATES.
AND ONE OF THE MOST AMAZING
THING ABOUT THAT STORM IS THAT
IT DIDN'T CAUSE CHAOS AND KNOCK
EVERYTHING TO OUT BECAUSE WE
WERE PREPARED, RIGHT.
WE WERE PREPARED TO BRING
FORWARD OUR KNOWLEDGE OF SPACE
WEATHER MOVING FORWARD.
YOU WILL HEAR FROM OUR SPACE
WEATHER LEAD HERE AT NASA.
FROM JAMIE ON SOME OF THE
ECONOMIC SECTORS SPECIFICALLY
AND NOAA COLLEAGUES WALLACE
AND JIM SPANN SO NOAA WILL HELP
WITH US EARLY ALERTS AND THE
SOCIETAL EFFECT OF ALL THESE
ACTIVITIES.
ACTIVITIES RANGE FROM THE SPACE
INDUSTRY, RIGHT, OUR ASTRONAUTS
OUT IN SPACE.
OPERATING AS WE GO OUT TO THE
MOON AND MARS.
OPERATING FARTHER THAN WE EVER
HAVE OPERATED BEFORE.
AERONAUTICS.
SPACE TRANSPORTATION AND ALL
MODES OF TRANSPORTATION.
SPEAKING OF OUR SIGNALS.
AGRICULTURE AND FOOD PRODUCTION.
PRECISION FARMING AND HOW THAT
HAS BEEN AFFECTED BY GPS
SYSTEMS.
SAFETY OF LIFE
APPLICATIONS, EMS, FIRE FIGHTERS
AND OUR MILITARY AS WELL AS OUR
ENERGY GRADES.
ALL PLAY A TREMENDOUS ROLE IN
OUR ECONOMICS AND EFFECT OUR
OVERALL QUALITY OF LIFE.
SO WITH THAT, I AM SO INCREDIBLY
EXCITED FOR US TO MOVE FORWARD.
LET'S GO ON TO THE NEXT SLIDE.
LET'S GET TO LAUNCH.
I AM SO EXCITED TO FOR THIS
LAUNCH COMING UP ON TUESDAY.
LET'S GO IMAP, GO CURRUTHERS, GO
SWFO-L1, GO FALCON.
WITH THAT DAVID MAKOMIS,
THE P.I. FOR THE IMAP MISSION.
>> THANK YOU SO MUCH, JOE.
I AM DAVID, PI FOR THE IMAP
MISSION.
HELIOSPHERE.
A REGION OF SPACE DOMINATED BY
OUR SUN.
THE SUN HAS MILLION MILES PER
HOUR THAT FLOWS IN ALL
DIRECTIONSS SPACE ALL THE TIME
AND BASE INFLATES A BUBBLE IN
THIS INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM.
IN THIS GRAPHIC, WHAT IT LOOKS
LIKE.
100 TIMES AWAY FROM THE EARTH TO
THE SUN, A BOUNDARY WHERE THE
SUPERSONIC SOLAR WIND SLOW DO
UNAND GETS BENT BACK TO A HELIO
TILL.
A HELIO BECAUSE BETWEEN THE
STUFF FROM THE SUN AND THE
MEDIA.
VERY IMPORTANT PLACE BECAUSE
PROTECTS US AGAINST GALACTIC
RADIATION.
IT IS NOT UNDERSTOOD AND IMAP
WILL GIVE DETAILED PICTURES THAT
EVOLVE OVER TIME WITH THE REGION
AND UNDERSTAND HOW THE SHIELDING
WORKS AND WHAT IT LOOKS LIKE.
AND WE ARE NOT ALONE IN HAVING
SOMETHING LIKE A HELIOSPHERE.
THESE BRIGHT INTERACTIONS.
YOU SEE SHOCKS OUT IN FRONT OF
THEM.
ASTRO BECAUSES.
WE CAN'T SEE THAT AROUND OUR OWN
SON, THE INTERACTION IS NOT
ENOUGH FOR OUR OWN SUN AND IS
AROUND SOME OF THESE OTHER
STARS.
ENTIRELY NEW WAY TO MEASURE
THESE PARTICLES TO COME IN TO
MAKE PICTURES OF THE BOUNDARIES
OF OUR HELIO.
INTERGENIC ENGINEERING.
EMA ASTRONOMY.
NEXT SLIDE, PLEASE.
SOME WHAT YOU WILL SEE IS THE
EXPANSION OF THE SOLAR WIND
GOING ALL DIRECTIONS.
THIS IS THE SOLAR WIND FLOWING
OUT PAST ALL OF THE PLANETS.
OUT TO THE BOUNDARIES.
AND AN INDIVIDUAL PARTICLE.
INDIVIDUAL HYDROGEN GOING OUT TO
THE BOUNDARY.
IT GETS OUT THERE.
ONCE IT GETS OUT THERE -- NEXT
SLIDE, PLEASE.
WHAT YOU WILL SEE IT IS POSSIBLE
FOR IT TO GRAB AN ELECTRON FROM
ANOTHER AT TOMORROW FLOATING
THROUGH THE HELIOSPHERE.
START THE NEXT MOVIE, PLEASE.
GYRATING AROUND THE LOCAL
MAGNETIC FIELD AND EVERY NOW AND
THEN A NEUTRAL AT TOMORROW.
IT CAN GRAB AN ELECTRON AND GO
ZIPPING OFF AND GOES IN ALL THE
WAY PAST THE PLANETS AND THE
EARTH AND INTO OUR ESTIMATES
ON L-1.
WHAT I LIKE TO CALL A TEN
BILLION MILE HOLE IN ONE.
THERE.
WHEN THAT HAPPENS, MAKE A MESH
CHUFRMENT OF THE PARTICLE, YOU
MESH ENOUGH, AN INSIDE-OUT IMAGE
AND SEE WHAT IT LOOKS LIKE HOW
MANY OF THESE NEUTRAL ATOMS ARE
COMING IN.
YOU ARE ABLE TO DO PRECISE
IMAGING AND TELL WHAT THE PLASMA
ENVIRONMENT IS A LIKE WITH THAT
INTERACTIVE REGION.
NEXT SLIDE, PLEASE.
WE ALSO DO SPACE WEATHER AND
PARTICLE ACCELERATION.
THIS SHOWS AN EXAMPLE OF A FLARE
AND A CORONA MASS INFLECTION AND
PARTICLES AT HIGH ENERGY AND
MEASURE SITSHU.
AND THE SAME PARTICLES THAT
DIDN'T COME INTO OUR SPACECRAFT
AND MEASURED DIRECTLY BUT CLOSE
TO OUR SPACECRAFT.
THEY CONTINUE TO GO OUT TO AND A
COUPLE TWO, THREE YEARS LATER
HAVE THE INTERACTION I JUST
DESCRIBED THROUGH CHARGE
EXCHANGE AND COME BACK AS
NEUTRAL ATOMS.
COMING FROM THE SON, ENERGIZED
LOCALLY.
PASSING BACK IN TO THE
OUTER HELISPHERE BOUNDARIES.
INCREDIBLE EXCITING MISSION TO
DO THE ENTIRE LIFE CYCLE OF
THESE PARTICLES AND THE HOLISTIC
VIEW OF HOW YOU THIS REGION OF
SPACE BEHIND US, OUR SOLAR
NEIGHBORHOOD REALLY WORKS.
NEXT SLIDE, PLEASE.
AND SO THAT'S IT.
THAT IS IMAP IN A NUTSHELL.
GOING TO BE A FABULOUS MISSION.
WE ARE LOOKING FORWARD TO
LAUNCHING IN TWO DAYS AND
GETTING OUT HERE AND DOING THIS
WONDERFUL SCIENCE IN THIS VERY
IMPORTANT SPACE, WEATHER.
LAURA, OVER TO YOU.
>> THANK YOU.
EYE NAME IS LAURA WITH,ALDRUP,
THE PRINCIPAL VECTOR OF THE
GEOCORONA OBSERVATORY AND NOT
JUST INVESTIGATING A FRONTIER IN
SCIENCE BUT A LITERAL FRONTIER
OF OUR PLANEARNINGST KNOWN AS
THE EX-OSPHERE.
NEXT SLIDE, PLEASE.
MANY OF YOU FAMILIAR WITH THE
LOW ATMOSPHERE.
WHERE THE WEATHER HAPPENS.
ALSO WHERE OUR AIRPLANES FLY.
AND, IN FACT, WHERE MANY OF OUR
LOW EARTH ORBITING SATELLITES
LIVE.
RIGHT IN THAT OR BIT IS WHERE
THE EXOSPHERE BEGINS.
UNLIKE THE LAYERS THAT ARE WELL
CONFINED TO OUR PLANET.
HELD VERY CLOSE.
GRAVITATIONALRY BOUND.
EXOSPHERE GOES EXACT MOON, I
SAY MAYBE, BECAUSE WE DON'T KNOW
HOW BIG IT IS.
WE DON'T KNOW HOW MANY HYDROGEN
ATOMS POPULATED.
WE KNOW IT IS LIGHT ENOUGH TO
MAKE IT UP TO THOSE AT NEWTS BUT
DON'T KNOW SPHERICAL SYMMETRY OR
LINED LIKE AN OVA.
MAYBE DAWN DUSK ASYMMETRIES.
WE LITERALLY DON'T KNOW.
IT IS VERY, VERY DIFFICULT TO
MAKE COMPREHENSIVE MEASUREMENTS
OF ITS PROPERTIES.
ONE OF THE BEST WAYS TO OBSERVE
THE EXOSPHERE THROUGH REMOTE
SENSING.
INSTEAD OF TAKING A SENSOR AND
TRYING TO DIRECTOR MEASURE THE
HYDROGEN ALBUMS DIRECTLY
MEASURING THEMSELVES, THIS
REGION IS HUGE.
YOU WILL NEED A GIGANTIC
CONSTELLATION OF SENSORS TO DO
THAT.
INSTEAD, WE LOOK AT THE LIGHT IT
GIVES OFF WHEN THE SUN SHINES ON
IT.
THIS LIGHT IS IN THE ULTRAVIOLET
AND WHAT GEORGE CURRUTHERS, THE
NAMETAKE OF OUR MISSION
NICKNAMED THE GEOCORONA.
DR. GEORGE CURRUTHERS WAS A
THREE-TIME UNIVERSITY ALUM.
WE ARE PROUD OF THAT HERE IN
ILLINOIS, BUT HE DEVELOPED THE
FIRST CAMERA TO EVER TAKE AN
IMAGE OF THIS EXOSHHERETIC
LIGHT.
AND IT WAS DEPLOYED BY THE
APOLLO 16 ASTRONAUTS.
THE CAMERA REMAINS THERE.
WHAT THEY BROUGHT HOME WAS THE
FILM CANISTER.
A PICTURE OF GEORGE CURRUTHERS
HOLDING THAT CANISTER AND HE
ANALYZED THE IMAGES.
IT WAS INCREDIBLE.
EXOSPHERE EXTENDED BEYOND THE
IMAGE MUCH LUNAR SURFACES.
06 EARTH RADIO IO.
YOU NEED TO GET FURTHER TO
SEAT EXOSHNEAR A SINGLE IMAGE
WHAT IT IS GOING TO DO.
ONE IMAGE OR A FEW IMAGES
ACQUIRED OVER THE YEARS.
AS I MENTIONED A SIGNIFICANT
KNOWLEDGE GAP.
IT TURNS OUT THIS KNOWLEDGE GAP
IS ACTUALLY CRITICAL
SIGNIFICANCE FOR OUR ABILITY TO
UNDERSTAND EARTH'S RECOVERY FROM
GEO MAGNETIC STORMS IN
PARTICULAR.
SO THIS EXOSPHERIC REGION, NOT
TOO MANY HYDROGEN ATOMS THROUGH,
THEY WAY THEY INTERACT CONTROLS
HOW FAST EARTH RECOVERS FROM
THESE GEO MAGNETIC STORMS.
BECAUSE THE INTERACTIONS BETWEEN
EX-O ATMOSPHERIC HYDROGEN ADAMS,
THEY CAN REDIRECT PLASMA SO IT
REFILLS WHEN THERE IS
DEPLETIONS.
THIS PROCESS SERVES TO REFILL
THOSE DEPLETIONS AND ESSENTIALLY
HELP THE PLANET RECOVER FROM
THESE STORMS.
HAVING THE KNOWLEDGE GAP THAT WE
HAVE -- NEXT SLIDE, PLEASE.
HAVING THE KNOWLEDGE GAP ABOUT
THESE STORMS AND THE CORE RONAL
MASS INJECTIONS.
THEY COME OFF THE SURFACE OF THE
SUN.
THEY EN GOLF THE PLANET AND HOW
THE CORE RON KNOW CHALLENGE
JENKSES BIG BLOBS OF MAGNETIZED
PLASMAS AND THE HAZARDS TO OUR
TECHNOLOGICAL SYSTEMS.
THEY CREATE THE AURORA A
BEAUTIFUL MANIFESTATION OF SPACE
WEATHER EFFECT BE, BUT THE GEO
CORONA INTERACTION.
EXOSTORYIC INTERACTION WITH
THESE PLASMAS IS SOMETHING WE
NEED TO DO A BETTER JOB OF
MENTIONING.
OUR JOB WITH THE GEOCORONA
OBSERVATORY.
BUILDING ON DR. CURRUTHERS'S
LEGACY, WE DON'T HAVE A SINGLE
CAM THAT THAT ONLY POINTS IN ONE
DIRECTION AND TAKE FEW
PHOTOGRAPHS.
WE HAVE AN ENTIRE OBSERVATORY
THAT IS ABLE TO TAKE A FEW GAMES
EVERY HOUR, HOUR AFTER HOUR, DAY
AFTER DAY, FOR YEARS.
SO YOU CAN SEE THEY IS A PICTURE
YOU HAVE OUR SATELLITE.
WE HAVE A FIXED SOLAR PANEL ON
ONE SIDE.
WE HAVE TWO CAMERAS.
ONE IS A WIDE FIELD CAMERA THAT
CAN CAPTURE THE ENTIRE EX-O
ATMOSPHERE IN ONE IMAGE AND
TARGETING THE CENTER NEAR THE
EARTH WHERE THE EXOSPHERE
ORIGINATES.
NEXT SLIDE, PLEASE.
WHAT WE WILL BE DOING IS HEADED
OUT AFTER OUR LAUNCH OUT TO L-1.
ONCE WE REACH L-1.
WE ARE ABLE TO TURN AROUND.
YOU CAN SO THEY IS MUCH FURTHER
THAN LUNAR ORBIT.
FOUR TIMES FURTHER THAN LUNAR OR
BIT.
WE WILL BE TURNING AROUND AND
LOOK CAN BACK ON EARTH ON A
NEARLY CONTINUAL BASIS.
WITH THESE PICTURES ABLE TO SEE
-- ESSENTIALLY TURN THE PICTURES
INTO MOVIES AND WATCH EXACTLY
WHAT HAPPENS WHEN A SOLAR STORM
HITS THE EARTH.
HOW THE EXOSPHERE EVOLVES OVER
TIME AND HOW ARE WE COVER WITH
THE STORM.
WE WILL BE ABLE TO ADVANCE OUR
SPACE WEATHER FORECASTING WITH
THE NEW KNOWLEDGE WE GAIN
BUILDING ON DR. GEORGE
CURRUTHERS'S LEGACY.
WE ARE SO EXCITED TO DO THAT.
THANK YOU.
WITH THAT, I WILL TURN IT OVER
TO JAME.
THANK YOU, LAURA.
GOOD AFTERNOON.
I WILL SHARE A LITTLE BIT OF
NASA SPACE WEATHER PROGRAM AND
OUR ROLE IN THE INTERAGENCY AND
MY FRIENDS CLINTON AND JIM WILL
TALK OF NOAA'S ROLE IN THAT.
YOU WERE WATCHING THE BRIEFING
BEFORE THIS ONE WAS DR. NIKKI
FOX GIVING ME A BOOST WHAT I
WILL BE TALKING ABOUT IN THE
NEXT FEW MINUTES.
FIRST CHART, PLEASE.
WHAT WE WILL SEE ON THE CHART A
SIMULATION FROM A FEW MIRACLE
MODEL .WHAT THIS MODEL
REPRESENTS IS THE BEST OF
HUMANITY.
CUTTING EDGE OF SPACE WEATHER
MODELING.
RESEARCH EDGE.
AND GATHER TO UNDERSTAND THE
PHYSICAL SYSTEM MORE AND MORE.
THIS REPRESENTS SOME OF THE
CUTTING EDGE CAPABILITY OF
HUMANITY TO MODEL SPACE WEATHER.
REALLY ON THE OF RESEARCH SIDE
OF THINGS THOUGH.
THIS IS REALLY DRIVEN BY -- AND
THESE KIND OF MODELS ARE THE
TANGIBLE OUTCOME OF SCIENTIFIC
DISCOVERY AND DATA COLLECTION
THAT DRIVES TOWARD.
SAME WAY THROUGH HURRICANES AND
SEVERE WEATHER.
SAME HOLDS TRUE FOR SPACE
WEATHER.
A LOT OF THIS WORK REALLY
CULMINATES IN THIS.
NOT REALLY THE END OF THE STORY
WHEN IT COMES TO NASA SCIENCE.
WE DON'T END AT DISCOVERY MAP
SHAKE SURE THIS IS VALUABLE AND
USEFUL.
AND IS WHETHER: NASA SPACE
WEATHER PROGRAMS COMES IN.
WE UNDERSTAND THE NEED SOCIETY.
AND PULL OF SCIENCE TO DRIVE
MORE ACCURATE FORECAST OF SPACE
WEATHER.
LET'S GO TO THE NEXT CHART,
PLEASE.
AND WITH THAT, I AM GOING TO
TALK TO YOU A LITTLE BIT ABOUT
WHAT CAN DRIVE THE WORK WE DOE
WITHIN THAT NASA SPACE WEATHER
PROGRAM BY ACTUALLY TAKING A
STEP BACK TO LAST YEAR.
YOU HEARD MENTION OF THE MAY 2/4
SOLAR STORM.
WHAT YOU SEE ON THE CHART THERE
ARE SOME OF THE EXAMPLES OF THE
BEAUTIFUL AURORA ACROSS THE
PLANET.
WE SAW WORLDWIDE IMPACT OF THE
STORM.
WHAT DOES THAT MEAN OF NASA
SCIENCE.
WHAT IT MEANS US TO, WE REALIZE
A LOT WE STILL DON'T KNOW WHEN
IT COMES TO SPACE WEATHER.
HAS TO DRIVE THE SCIENCE WE DO
BY UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACTS ON
THE REAL WORLD SITUATION.
THINGS ON THE TOP, IN THE MIDDLE
YOU SEE EVIDENCE OF SOME OF THE
COMMERCIAL AVIATION TRACKS HAVE
TO CHANGE BASED ON THAT SOLAR
STORM.
ACTUALLY THE DATA COMING OFF OF
IMAP IS REALLY GOING TO BE
REVOLUTIONARY.
AND SOME OF THE MODELS WE BUILT
THAT FEED INTO THE DECISION
MAKING ON THE AVIATION SIDE,
ADVANCING THOSE MODELS IN A
RESEARCH SETTING.
GETTING READY TO TRANSLATE THEM
OVER TO NOAA TO HELP WITH THE
NATION AND AN ACCURATE FORECAST.
AS LAURA WAS JUST MENTIONING ON
THE CURRUTHERS SIDE, THERE ARE
THINGS WE SIMPLY DO NOT KNOW YET
ABOUT THE UPPER ATMOSPHERE WE IS
THE FRONTIER SCIENTIFICALLY AND
INTERACTION WITH THE SUN AND
IMPACT ON SPACE WEATHER.
OUR MODELS RIGHT NOW DON'T
CONTAIN THE PHYSICAL SYSTEM
WITHIN THEM.
THEY ARE NOT ACCURATE BEING ABLE
TO PREDICT THESE THINGS.
YOUR HURRICANE MODEL DID NOT
INCLUDE THE OCEANS IN IT.
NO WAY TO PRODUCE ACCURATE
FORECAST.
KIND OF DISCOVERY WITH THIS
SCIENCE MISSION TO WORK WITH THE
MODE ELSE COMMUNITY TO DRIVE IN
ON THE MORE ACCURATE FORECAST ON
THE SORE SIDE.
WE GO TO THE FINAL CHART, YOU
MAY BE FAMILIAR WITH THE MAY
2024 STOVRP STORM AND AURORA AND
THE IMPACTS ON EARTH.
ING FROM A NASA PERSPECTIVE.
TEN DAYS LATER FROM THE SAME SUN
SPOT REGION SAW THE LARGEST
SOLAR RADIATION STORM WE EVER
OBSERVED AT MARS.
DATA SETS ARE SOME OF THE IMAGES
FROM ONE OF THE ROVERS.
YOU SEE THE SPECKS IN THAT, THAT
IS THE CHARGED PARTICLES HITTING
THE CAMERA.
AND MAVEN, A PLAN FOR REACH
SITUATION ORBITING MARS.
AURORA AT MARS.
PLANETK LIGHT UP NOT JUST HERE
IN EARTH.
WHAT DOES THE MISSIONS MEAN WHEN
THINK OF MARS.
INTERESTING DATA SETS AS WE GO
TO THE MOON.
PATHFINDERS TO USE THIS
LOCATION.
>> SPACE, THE LAGRANGE ONE.
AND SAME THING IS TRUE FOR MARS
USING THE L-1. .LEARN THINGS
FROM IMAP, SWFO-L1 AND
CURRUTHERS TO HELP MAKE AN
ACCURATE FROEL TO SEND HUMANS ON
THE NEXT JOURNEY.
THAT DAUNTING TASK MY PARTNER
WITH NOAA OF HOW WE DO SPACE
TRAINING.
>> AT A GRANGE ONE.
IT WILL BE WORLD'S FIRST
DEDICATED OPERATIONAL SPACE
WEATHER SATELLITE.
WE ARE GOING TO PLACE A BUOY IN
SPACE A MILLION MILES FROM EARTH
TO SAFEGUARD OUR WAY OF LIFE.
IT IS GOING TO SPOT SOLAR STORMS
WITHIN MINUTES.
SO WE AT THE SPACE WEATHER
PREDICTION CENTER CAN HELP KEEP
THE LIGHTS ON, PLANES FLYING AND
SATELLITES SAFE.
IF WE CAN HAVE THE FIRST VIDEO.
FIRST VIDEO SHOWS OUR OPERATION
CENTER AT THE SPACE WEATHER
PREDICTION CENTER .AT THE SPACE
WEATHER PREDICTION CENTER OR
SWFO-L1.
TO HAVE PRECIOUS TIME TO ACT
BEFORE BILLION DOLLARS STORMS
STRIKE.
OUR POWER GRIDS CAN'T AIRED FOR
SURPRISE HISSED.
SWFO-L1 WILL GIVE GRID OPERATORS
TIME TO WERE DISTRICT GRID
ATMOSPHERE AND PREVENT BLACKOUT.
SOLAR STORMS CAN DRAG DOWN
SATELLITES.
THEY CAN SHORTEN THEIR LIVES AND
RAISE COLLISION RISKS.
SWFO-L1 WILL ALLOW US TO PROVIDE
THE CRITICAL INFORMATION THAT
THEY NEED TO PROTECT THEM.
SOLAR STORMS CAN DISRUPT GPS
AFFECTING PILOTS NAVIGATING
ACROSS THE GLOBE AS WE SAW IN
THE MAY STORM EVER OF 2024.
SWFO-L1 WILL HELP US KEEP LIFE
-- DAILY LIFE ON TRACK.
SATELLITES THAT RERELIED ON AT
SWIFT-C FOR DECADE IS AGING OUT.
IT IS A MODERATE INVESTMENT THAT
KEEPS WARNINGS FLOWING AND ARMED
WITH THE LATEST TECHNOLOGICAL
ADVANCEMENTS.
AFTER 30 YEARS OF EXCEPTIONAL
SERVICE, SOHO AND ACES ARE FAR
PAST THEIR DESIGN LIVES.
THEY STILL WORK SUPERBLY, BUT
QUICKLY APPROACHING THEIR
MISSION END.
SWFO-L1 IS THE OPERATIONAL
REPLACEMENT OFFERING THAT SWIPC
HAVE RELIABLE WITHIN MINUTES
INSTEAD OF HOURS THAT WE ARE
ABLE TO DO IN THE WAS.
SWFO-L1 COMBINES THE BEST OF
THESE PILOTS, SOHO.
AND I CAN'T SUPPORT ENOUGH THE
SUPPORT OF MISSIONS LIKE LAMB
AND CURRUTHERS AND THE MISSION
TECHNOLOGIES WE WILL RELY ON
OPERATIONALLY IN THE FUTURE.
SO -- FOR DECADES.
IF I CAN GET ITS NEXT VIDEO
PLEASE.
FOR DECADES REPLIED
ON SOHO'S CO
COROOGRAPH.
WITH IMAP AND CURRUTHERS AND
OTHERS, OUR FIRST CHRONOGRAPH
AND SOME OF THAT IN THIS
ANIMATION.
DID LARGE.
SWFO-L1 WILL OUR INSURANCE
POLICY THAT KEEPS AMERICA SPACE
WEATHER READY.
PROVIDES THE CONTINUITY OFS THAT
ARE CRITICAL FOR THE FORECAST,
WATCHES AND WARNINGS ON
EMPENDING SOLAR STORMS.
SWEFZ SWIFZ, OUR ABILITY TO
WARN WILL QUICKLY FADE.
EVERYTHING WE TO DO PROTECT
TECHNOLOGY WITH SOLAR STORMS
STARTS WITH OBSERVATIONS.
SWFO-L1 IN THE FIRST OF A NEW
GENERATION OF ESSENTIAL FELL INS
ENSURE THAT AMERICA'S
TECHNOLOGIES AND AMERICA STAYS
RESILIENT.
NOAA AGENCIES'S FLAG SHIFT IN A
NEW FLEETS OF SPACE WEATHER
SATELLITEP. UNDER THE WATCHLE
DIES OF SWFO-L1, THEY ARE IT
SHOWING NOT ONLY TECHNOLOGY BUT
ECONOMY AND DAILY LIVES.
SWFO-L1 IS OUR LIFELINE FOR
KEEPING PLANES FLYING AND LIGHTS
ON AND AMERICA IS READY FOR
WHATEVER SUN SENDS OUR WAY.
WITH THAT NOTE, I WILL TURN IT
OVER TO MY GOOD FRIEND AND
COLLEAGUE JIM SPANN TO TALK MORE
OF THE INSTRUMENTATIONING.
>> THANK YOU, CLINTON, AND
EVERYBODY SETTING THE STAGE.
I APPRECIATE IT.
I WILL SHARE A LITTLE BIT OF
NOAA'S OFFICE OF SPACE WEATHER
OPERATIONS.
THIS IS THE TEAM THAT BUILDS AND
OPERATES ITS EYES AND EARS IN
SPACE.
BASICALLY, JILL MENTIONED THE
COSMIC CARPOOL.
A GREAT ANALOGY.
ON THAT TRIP, THE SWFO-L1 WILL
BE PHONING BACK TO SAY,
EVERYTHING IS COOL.
BETTER WATCH OUT, BECAUSE THE
SUN IS DOING THIS.
PROVIDING REALTIME DATA BACK US
TO SO AS WE CAN GENERATE THOSE
WARNINGS AND ALERTS.
AT THE SAME TIME, COMPLIMENT ALL
THE GREAT SCIENCE FROM IMAP AND
CURRUTHERS AND OTHERS.
SO SWO, THE SPACE WEATHER
OBSERVATIONS OFFICE DEVELOPS AND
SUSTAINS SATELLITE THAT PROVIDE
THESE ESSENTIAL DATAS DAY IN AND
DAY OUT FOR OUR NATION'S SPACE
WEATHER SERVICES.
I WILL POINT OUT WHY THIS IS
NOAA PROGRAM, DONE WITH THE
JOINT PROGRAM OFFICE BETWEEN
NASA AND NOAA.
AGAIN, NOT ONLY FLYING TOGETHER
AND CARPOOLING TOGETHER, WE WORK
ON EACH OTHER IN TERMS OF
BUILDING THESE SPACECRAFT.
SO WE DO THIS TO HELP CREATE
SPACE WEATHER READY NATION.
YOU HEARD THAT PHRASE QUITE A
BIT.
IT IS CRUCIAL LONG-TERM
RESPONSIBILITY, ESPECIALLY SINCE
OUR SATURDAYS IS MORE DEPENDENT
INCIDENT ON SPACE AND ON THE
GROUND RESPONSIBLE FOR SOLAR
EVENTS.
DATA CAN HE COLLECT ARE SWIFT
SWIFT-C TO GENERATE THE WARNINGS
AND FORECAST TO PROTECT OUR
VITAL INFRASTRUCTURE AS CLINTON
ALREADY MENTIONED.
WHAT ABOUT SWFO-L1?
AGAIN, I'M JUST GOING TO REPEAT,
OUR NEWEST PURPOSE-BUILT
SATELLITE.
IT IS A CORNERSTONE OF NOAA'S
STRATEGY TO HAVE A CONTINUOUS
FLEE OF SPACE WEATHER DATA.
GOING TO BE GOING TO L-1.
WHERE WE ARE BEGINNING THIS
CORNERSTONE DEVELOPMENT OF A
NETWORK OF SPACE WEATHER
OBSERVATIONS.
IT WILL NOT QUIT THERE AND
CONTINUE TO ENSURE THAT WE HAVE
SEATS THERE, BUT ALSO LOOKING AT
OTHER ASPECTS OF SPACE WEATHER.
SWFO-L1 IS AN EARLY MORNING
SYSTEM IN A SENSE THAT IT SENSES
-- IT WILL BE TRACKING AND
LOOKING AT THE SUN WITH THE CORE
CORE CORONAGRAPH OF THE CME ARE
CORE RON KNOW INJECTIONS AND THE
SOLAR WIND IN THAT AS IT LOFS TO
EVERY SWIFTZ AT L 1.
NOT ONLY A WARNING SIGN, BUT
ENSURES THAT DATA CONTINUITY.
WE MENTIONED THE FAB LUGS JOB
THAT ACE, SOHO AND OTHER
INSTRUMENTS TO SET THE STAGE AND
BEING THE POINTY END OF THE
ISU SPHHERE WHAT IS NEEDED TO
ANSWER.
STEPS BACK UP THESE ARE WHAT WE
UNDERSTAND WE NEED.
AND SO IT -- AS WE DEVELOP THIS
CONTINUUM -- CONTINUITY OF
OBSERVATIONS, WE WILL HAVE THESE
OBSERVATIONS 24-7.
AND AS WE LEARN MORE, WHO KNOWS
HOW THESE OBSERVATIONSES ARE
GOING TO EVOLUME LATER ON AND WE
MAY HAVE A DIFFERENT FLEET OF
SPACECRAFT AT L-1 ONCE WE
UNDERSTAND WHAT IS NEEDED FOR
THE OBSERVATIONS.
SO ON SWFO-L1, FOUR INSTRUMENTS
THAT I WANT TO HIGHLIGHT.
IF WE COULD HAVE THE IMAGE OF
THE SPACECRAFT.
FIRST WE ALREADY MENTIONED IS
A COMPACT CORONAGRAPH, PICTURES
CAN OF ATMOSPHERE AND SPOT
INJECTIONS THAT ARE A LARGE
EXPLOSIONS AND EXPULSIONS FROM
SOLAR MATERIAL AND THOSE REALLY
DROVE THE IMPRESSIVE SPACE
WEATHER IMPACT WHICH ARE THE GEO
MAGNETIC STORMS.
SECOND INSTRUMENT I WILL
HIGHLIGHT IS THE SOLAR WIND
PLACE MASS CENTER.
MEASURES THE PROPERTY OF THE
SOLAR WIND, ITS VELOCITY, ITS
DESTINY AND HELPS US UNDERSTAND
BETTER IN TERMS OF WHAT THE
CHARACTER AND THE NATURE KRF THE
EVENT THAT IS TAKING PLACE.
THE THIRD IS THE MAGNETOMETER.
SEEMS TO ME THAT EVERY
SPACECRAFT SHOULD HAVE A GOOD
MAGNETOMETER.
BUTTING THAT OUT THERE NOW.
THIS 2001 IN A LARGE BOOM OVER
FIVE METER AWAY, PRISTINE
MAGNETIC FIELD THAT IS CRITICAL
OF UNDERSTANDING HOW EFFECTIVE
THIS SPACE WEATHER EVENT WILL BE
IN TERMS OF GENERATE AGGIE YO
MAGNETIC STORM OR OTHER IMPACTS.
THEN LASTLY, WE WILL HAVE A
SUPER ION THERMAL SENSOR
MEASURES THE HIGH ENERGY
PARTICLES ESSENTIAL TO
ASTRONAUTS AND SPACECRAFT
ELECTRONICS.
COMPLEMENT OF THOSE FOUR
INSTRUMENTS COMBINE THE BEST OF
WHAT ACE AND SOHO HAS AND PUTS
IT ALL IN ONE PACKAGE.
AND WE WILL PROVIDE US THE
CONTINUOUS OBSERVATIONS
PROVIDING TRUTHFUL AND RELIABLE
DATA FOR 24-7 FOR OUR WEATHER
PREDICTIONS AND WARNINGS.
WITH THAT, I WILL TURN IT BACK
OVER TO SARAH.
>> GREAT.
THANK YOU, EVERYONE, FOR THOSE
OPENING REMARKS.
IT IS NOW TIME TO TAKE QUESTION.
WHEN YOU ARE ASKING A QUESTION,
PLEASE TAKE IT TO ONE QUESTION
AND TELL US WHO YOU WANT TO
ANSWER THAT QUESTION.
REMINDER, IF YOU WERE ON THE
PHONE, YOU CAN GET IN THE
QUESTION QUEUEU QUEUE BY DIALING
STAR 1.
IF YOU WERE WATCHING ONLINE, USE
THE HASHTAG REQUESTNASA.
ANY QUESTIONS IN THE ROOM NUMBER
RAISE YOUR HAND.
RIGHT HERE IN THE FRONT ROW.
>> HEY, KENT CRAMMER, SPACE UP
CLOSE.
GOOD WILL YOU CAN TO EACH OF
YOU.
IT IS VERY EXCITING.
START WITH PROFESSOR MAKMIS,
TALK OF THE INSTRUMENTS.
YOU HAVE TEN INSTRUMENTS ON
HERE.
TALK OF A FEW OF THEM AND THE
MEASUREMENTS THEY ARE GOING TO
MAKE, THANKS.
>> I CAN TALK FOR HOURS ABOUT
OUR MEASUREMENTS AND I WILL TRY
TO KEEP IT SHORT.
WE HAVE TEN INSTRUMENTS.
TWO SETS OF THREE.
WE MEASURE IONS IN THE
SPACECRAFT, LOW ENERGY IONS TO
SOLAR WIND, SUPER PICK-UP IONS
AND SUPER THERMAL PARTICLES.
WE HAVE THREE ENA IMAGEERS.
THEY MEASURE BASICALLY THE SAME
SET OF ENERGIES.
PARTICLES GOING OUT.
WE MEASURE THEM.
SOME OF THEM COME BACK AS
ENERGETIC NEUTRAL EYEONS.
THERE ARE SIX.
MAGNETOMETER BECAUSE EVERYBODY
THIS SHOULD A MEETING THEY
WE HAVE A DUST DETECTOR.
VERY LARGE DUST DETECTOR.
INTERSTELLAR DUST COMES FLOATING
IN FROM OUTSIDE THE HELIOSPHERE
AND THE LARGEST DUST DETECTOR
EVERY FLOWN.
100 DUST HITS FOR THE FIRST TIME
MORE THAN HUMANITY HAS MADE SO
FAR IN THE HISTORY OF SPACE
FLIGHT.
AND WE ARE NOT JUST MEASURING
THE DUST, BUT WE ARE ABLE TO
BREAK IT UP AND TELL THE
ELEMENTAL -- EXCELLENT
MEASUREMENT.
AND A UV INSTRUMENT.
THAT HELPS PIECE TOGETHER THE
PARTICLES COMING OUT ON A
3-DIMENSIONAL.
TEN INSTRUMENTS TWO MINUTES.
>> GREAT.
ANY OTHER QUESTIONS HERE IN THE
ROOM?
>> THANK YOU.
DAVID, I UNDERSTAND THAT THE
MISSION IS GOING TO LAST TWO
YEARS.
BUT IT IS AND TO BE EXTENDED TO
FIVE.
WHAT WOULD BE THE -- WHAT WOULD
BE THE DECISION TO EXTENDING THE
MISSION?
LIKE -- BECAUSE FUEL IS GOING TO
HAVE FUEL.
BECAUSE PREPARED FOR FIVE.
AND A BAD SITUATION OR A KEY
METRIC SUCCESS PERFORMER THAT
YOU ARE GOING TO MESH SDMUR.
>> TYPICAL THAT NASA MISSIONS
HAVE A SHORT GUARANTEED LIFETIME
OF A CUP CUP CONSULTANT OF
YEARS.
WE LOAD IT UP WITH FIVE YEARS.
CLOSE IN NOMINAL LAUNCH, EXTRA
FUEL INSIDE.
MOST OF IT INCLUDING IMAP WILL
LAST FOR MANY DECADES TO COME.
IT IS OUR -- ONUS IS ON US TO
DEMONSTRATE THAT THE SCIENCE IS
EXCELLENT AND IS NECESSARY.
AND AFTER THE FIRST TWO YEARS,
YOU GO INTO A PROCESS CALLED THE
SENIOR REVIEW PROS ZES THEY ARE
PROPOSALS THAT ARE MADE TO NASA
HEADQUARTERS WHERE YOU SHOW WHAT
YOU HAVE DONE AND BASICALLY BID
LOWER APPLES OF MONEY FOR
MEASUREMENTS AT A LOWER PRICE.
YOU CAN DO THAT THROUGH MANY HE
THOSE CYCLES AND HOPEFULLY LAST
A VERY, VERY LONG TIME.
EXCITED THAT WE WILL BE ABLE TO
-- I HOPE -- TO DO THAT AND VERY
IMPORTANT FOR PARTNERSES WITH
THE SPACE WEATHER SIZE 37
MISSIONS LIKE ICE.
I AM A P.I. FOR ONE OF THE
INSTRUMENTS.
THEY DO GREAT SPACE WEATHER FOR
A LONG TIME.
WE HOPE TO BE PART OF THAT
FLEET.
>> ALL RIGHT, NEXT WE HAVE A
QUESTION ON THE PHONE.
JEFF FAUST WITH SPACE NEWS.
>> GOOD AFTERNOON.
WE HEARD FROM THE BRIEFING
EARLIER TODAY ABOUT HOW THESE
MISSION ALSO HELP SUPPORT THE
UPCOMING ARTEMIS MISSIONS AND
MAKE SURE THAT THE ASTRONAUTS ON
THEM ARE SAFE.
WONDER IF YOU CAN DESCRIBE ANY
DETAIL OF HOW THE MEASUREMENT
COME FROM IMAP, CURRUTHERS AND
SWFO-L1 WILL BE ABLE TO SUPPORT
THAT IN WEIGHS THAT ARE NOT
POSSIBLE WITH EXISTING MISSION
AS SOON AS THANK YOU.
>> I WILL BE HA ESPECIALLY TO
TAKE THAT ONE.
WHEN WE TALK OF HOW THIS MISSION
SUPPORTS ARTEMIS AN OTHER
MISSIONS.
ONE OF THE KEY WEATHERS THROUGH
NASA'S PERSPECTIVE AND I LET MY
COLLEAGUE FROM NOAA SPEAK A
LITTLE BIT AS WELL.
FROM OUR MOON TO MARS OFFICE.
OUR MOON TO MARS OFFICE MAKES
DATA, INFORMATION, AND DELIVERS
ACTIONABLE INFORMATIONING THAT
HELPS US INFORM OUR ASTRONAUTS
OUT IN SPACE AND ALLOW US TO
MAKE GOOD DECISIONS.
THAT INFORMATION COMES FORWARD,
YOU KNOW, FROM OUR AGENDAING
FLEET TODAY.
BUT THESE REALLY SURVIVE NEW AND
UPDATED MERV CHURMENTS.
AND A BET PER INFORMATION TO
ALLOW US TO MAKE BETTER
DECISIONS WHEN MOVING FORWARD.
>> YEAH, AND JUST TO ADD A
LITTLE BIT FROM JOE'S COMMENTS
THERE.
AS I SAID, EVERYTHING THAT WE DO
AT THE SPACE WEATHER PREDICTION
CENTER STARTS WITH OBSERVATIONS.
THESE OBSERVATIONSES FROM
SWFO-L1 FROM IMAP, WHICH WE WILL
BE USING ALSO FOR REDUNDANCY.
THEY ARE JUST REALLY CRITICAL IN
OUR ABILITY TO PROVIDE NASA WITH
THE THE INFORMATION THAT THEY
NEED AND THE PRODUCTS AND MODELS
AND SUCH.
WE WORK VERY, VERY CLOSELY
TOGETHER ON A DAILY BASIS
OPERATIONALLY.
OUR FORECASTERS ARE TALKING OFS.
>> I.
AND THE MOON TO MARS OFFICE.
A CLOSE TIGHT COLLABORATION.
AND JIM AND MYSELF AND JAMIE AND
JOE WERE WORKING TOGETHER TO
ENSURE THAT THE SUCCESS OF THE
ARTEMIS MISSIONS AND IN FACT WE
HAD A JOINT EXERCISE THIS LAST
SPRING WHERE WE TESTED TO OUT
AND EXERCISED THE CONCEPT DURING
THE ARTEMIS 2 AND THE FUTURE
ARTEMIS MISSIONS TOGETHER WERE A
TREMENDOUS, VERY SUCCESS.
>> I WILL JUST MAKE ONE QUICK
COMMENT TO THAN IS ONE OF THE
THINGS THAT SWFO-L1 WILL PROVIDE
IS A -- A MUCH BETTER CADENCE OF
OBSERVATIONS OF A CONTINUOUS
BASIS.
AND SO THAT WILL.
THAT WILL PROVIDE A MUCH MORE
RELIABLE PICTURE OF WHAT THE
ENVIRONMENT IS.
SO THAT WILL DEFINITELY HELP
PROTECT OUR ASTRONAUTS AS WE GET
A VERY REGULAR CADENCE OF
INFORMATION THAT IS RELIABLE
THAT WE CAN USE.
WE KNOW THAT WE WILL BE COMING
ALL THE TIME.
AND WE DID NOT HAVE THAT
UNNECESSARILY WITH THE
SCIENCE-BASED MISSIONS.
AND OH, BY THE WAY, I WILL JUST
SAY THAT EXERCISE WITH ARTEMIS,
IT WOULD HAVE NEVER HAPPENED 15
OR 10 YEARS AGO.
THE GROUP THAT WE HAVE NOW IS
REALLY WORKING WELL TOGETHER ON
SPACE WEATHER.
AND A TESTAMENT OF THE AGENCIES
AND THE SCIENCE COMMUNITIES OF
RECOGNIZING THE IMPORTANCE OF
THAT.
>> JUST TO KIND OF ADD IN, JEFF,
IT IS AS GREAT QUESTION.
ARTEMIS IS A BIG CHALLENGE FOR
THE WHOLE AGENCY.
WE KIND OF GET READY FOR THE
MOON.
I THINK IT HAS BEEN CONTINUE
DEEP COLLABORATION OF THE TWO
AGENCIES GETTING READY FOR THE
DAY TO DAY, SPANNED I REALLY --
SETTING UP NEW CAPE SHLTS THAT
WE ARE LACKING FOR QUITE A FEW
YEARS AND THE SOLAR SYSTEM WIDE
EXPERT.
ARTEMIS IS A YOU DAUNTING
CHALLENGE.
THINK OF MARS, JUPITER AND
MISSIONS TO UR,NUS.
HOW DO WE GET READY TO SAVE THEM
WELL.
AND AS COMMERCIAL RULE GOES OUT
TO YOU SOME OF THE VENTURES AS
WELL.
WE TRANSLATE THAT TO THE NOSE
SIDE AS THEY SERVE THE
COMMERCIAL SECTOR ON THESE
THINGS.
>> ALL RIGHT, NEXT WE HAVE SOME
CONGRESS SOCIAL MEDIA.
SO LAURIE G. ON FACEBOOK ASKS,
HOW MANY EARTH -- SORRY, HOW
DOES IMAP CREATE A MAP OF
THE HELIOSHHERE.
WHAT KIND OF INFORMATION DOES
THIS MAP SHOW.
JOE, I THINK YOU HAD SOMETHING.
>> I WILL HAVE ONE THOUGHT ON
THAT AND PASS IT OVER TO DAVE.
ONE OF THE AMAZING THINGS -- WE
TALK OF THIS GALACTIC HOLE IN
ONE OF THESE PAR CALLS.
AMAZING THING SO MANY OF THESE
PARTICLES OUT IN SPACE.
SUN SECONDING SOLAR WINDS, VAST
AMOUNTS OF SOLAR WIND INTO THE
SPACE IN THE LARGER ARENA.
WE GET MANY OF THESE PARTICLES
AND TAKEN THESE MEASUREMENTS
PREVIOUSLY AT A CURSE SEE GLANCE
FROM THE IBEX MISSION.
WE KNOW HOW MANY CAN COME
FORWARD TO US.
AND WE ARE ABLE FROM THAT EARLY
PREDICTION AND EARLY
UNDERSTANDING, SIZE AND
INSTRUMENTATION TO GET THE MOST
DETAILED MAP EVER THE KEYWAYS TO
DO THAT HOW THE MISSION ACTUALLY
EXECUTES THE MAP.
AND TOSS IT OVER TO DAVE SO WE
CAN TALK A LITTLE BIT ABOUT HOW
THE MISSION ACTUALLY TREATS A
MAP.
>> SURE, THANKS, JOE.
WE ARE A SPINNING SPACECRAFT.
WE'VE SOLAR ARRAY ON THE FRONT
SERVICE.
WE HAVE INSTRUMENTS THAT LOOK
OUTED SIDES.
SO EVERY TIME WE SPIN AROUND, WE
SEE A SWATH OF THE SKY.
EVERY ROTATION.
FOUR TIMES A MINUTE, SEE A SWATH
OF THE SKY, THE EARTH GOES
AROUND SUN.
L-1 GOES AROUND THE SUN AND
REPOINT OUR SPACECRAFT ONE
DEGREE PER DAY.
THE SWATH OF THE SKY WE ARE
SEEING MOVES.
AND MOVESES FROM HERE TO HERE TO
HERE TO HERE.
OVER THE COURSE OF SIX MONTHS,
WE GO HALFWAY AROUND AND THE
ENTIRE UHERE.
WE GET A COMPLETE MAP OF
THE HELIOSPHERE OF THE NEUTRAL
PARTICLES COMING IN.
>> OUR NEXT QUESTION IS FROM
MIKE ON X.
HE ASKED WHY DO THESE MISSIONS
NEED TO GO WITH L-1.
AND START WITH LAURA AND WHY
EVERYBODY AT EACH MISSION CAN
ANSWER THIS.
>> SURE, ANTICIPATE TO ANSWER.
CURRUTHERS IS A MISSION OF
OPPORTUNITY.
THAT IS THE OPPORTUNITY WE TACK
ADVANTAGE OF TO GET TO THE IDEAL
POINT IN SPACE FOR EXOSPHERETIC
REMOTE SETTING WHICH IS
THE L-17B LAGRANGE REPORT.
IN OUR CASE, WE WANTED TO BE FAR
ENOUGH FROM EARTH AS I MINUTED
EARLIER IN ORDER TO GET THE
ENTIRE VAST UPPER ATMOSPHERE,
IN EXOSH FEAR.
IT REQUIRES US AND THE VIEWING
GEOMETRY REQUIRES US THAT WE
ACHIEVE THAT DISTANCE.
ANOTHER.J L-1 AND NOT OTHER
DISTANCE EQUALLY FAR.
BECAUSE THIS POINT IN SPACE IS
THE GRAVITATIONAL EQUILIB DRUM.
IT DOESN'T TAKE A LOT OF
PROPORTION TO STAY NEAR THAT
POINT.
SO IT MAKES SMALL SATELLITE
MISSIONS LIKE CURRUTHERS, FOR
EXAMPLE, MUCH MORE FEASIBLE.
WE ARE ABLE TO PAIN IN TAINE A
POSITION THERE AND TAKE PICTURES
FOR PICTURES FOR YEARS WITH A
REASONABLY SIZED PROPULSION
TANKS.
I AM SURE OTHER REASONS FOR THE
OTHER MISSIONS AS WELL.
>> ONE OF THE REASONS FOR IMAP
WANTING TO GO TO L-1.
ANOTHER ONE FROM THE IBEX
MISSION, SOME OF THE BIGGEST
BACKGROUNDS FROM THE DELICATE
MEASUREMENTS FROM THE EARTH
ITSELF, THE EARTH'S MAGNETIC
ATMOSPHERE.
OF THOSE ENERGETIC.
GETTING OUT OF EITHER
MAGNETOSPHERE TO BRING IT DOWN
TO WHERE WE CAN MAKE MUCH BETTER
MAP IS.
>> SWFO-L1, THE REASON WE WANT
TO GO IS WE CAN LOOK AT THE SUN
24-7.
WE DON'T HAVE TO WORRY OF THE
MOON GETTING IN THE WAY.
WE DON'T HAVE TO WORRY ABOUT THE
SUN -- WE HAVE TO WORRY OF THE
SUN.
DON'T WORE OF THEY EARTH GETTING
IN THE WAY AS WE OR BIT.
AS WE POINTED OUT, GOOD FROM A
PROPULSION PERSPECTIVE AND WHEN
WE SIT THERE AND STARE ALL DAY
LONG WHICH IS WHAT WE WANTED TO
DO.
>> THE UNOBSTRUCTED VIEW.
WE'LL ONE ON GHOST.
A GREAT LITTLE INSTRUMENTS.
EQUINOX, THE EARTH PASSES IN ITS
VIEW, BLOCKING IMIMAGINE MA
AGREE FOR SEVERAL HOURS AT
NIGHT.
AND YOU STRAY LIGHT THAT COMES
IN THE SENSOR.
WE ARE WELL OUTSIDE THAT
MAGNETICSPHERE.
WONDERFUL VIEW AND IT IS GOING
TO WONDERFUL SPRINKLE FACEBOOK
ASKS SIGNIFICANCE FOR THESE
MISSIONS LAUNCHING DURING SOLAR
MAXIMUM.
ANYONE WHO WANTS TO START WITH
THAT.
>> I WILL BE HAPPY TO TAKE THAT
ONE.
WHENEVER WE PLAN OUR MISSIONS,
THE SOLAR MAXIMUM IS AN 11-YEAR
CYCLE WHERE THE SOLAR ACTIVITY
RISES AND WANES.
AS THE MAGNETIC NEELDZ OF THE
SUN GETS WOUND UP A VERY LARGE
ROTATING BALL YOU HAVE GAS.
AS IT GOES, YOU SEE MORE AND
MORE SUN SPOTS AND MORE
ACTIVITY.
IN THE DECLINING PHASE WHICH IS
WHERE WE ARE AT TODAY, THE
DECLINING PHASE OF THE SOLAR
CYCLE IS ONE OF THE MOST ACTIVE
TIMES.
NOT BY COINCIDENCE PUTTING IT UP
WITH SOLAR MAXIMUM BUT ONE OF
THOSE COINCIDENCES PUTTING THE
MISSIONS UP ALLOW US TO SEE THIS
ACTIVITY.
SOLAR MAXIMUM OR MINIMUM, SOME
OF THE KEY SCIENTIFIC
MEASUREMENTS FROM THIS PRODUCED
INFORMATION THAT WE DES IFFY PER
RATLEY NEED HERE ON EARTH.
MANY WAY, FINDING THAT WHETHER
IT BE ITS MOST POWERFUL STORM WE
HAVE SEEN IN YEARS AND YEARS AND
YEARS AND FINDING THE STEADY
STATE OF THE SUN AND FIGURING
OUT HOW IT AFFECTS OUR EVERYDAY
LIVES.
BOTH OF TO HE WAS ARE IMPORTANT
TO US AND BOTH THINGS THAT WE
WILL SEE AS THESE MISSIONS MOVE
FORWARD.
>> ONE OF THE AMAZING THING
IN HIGH PRESSURE,ELIOSIS PICKS.
HOW THE PARTICLES CHANGE OVER
THE SOLAR CYCLE AND THE
OUTER SPHERE AND ATOMS CHANGE
OVER THE HELISPHERE.
A VARIABLE ENVIRONMENT OVER A
SOLAR CYCLE SCALE.
VERY INTERESTING SCIENTIFICALLY
AND IMPORTANT PRAGMATICALLY TOO.
>> ALL RIGHT, ANY MORE QUESTIONS
HERE IN THE ROOM?
>> I HAVE A QUICK QUESTION.
>> ONE IN THE BACK THERE.
>> HI, JOEL OCKEBACK, FREELANCE.
TO FOLLOW UP DR. MAKOMIS,
EXPLAIN A LITTLE BIT MORE OF HOW
YOU GET INFORMATION OUT OF THESE
ENERGETIC NEUTRAL PARTICLES WHEN
THEY HIT THE INSTRUMENT, THE
SPACECRAFT, AND MAKING THAT MAP.
AND I APOLOGIZE.
DON'T INTUITIVELY GRASP IT, IT
IS LOOKING AT THE WHOLE UNIVERSE
OVER TIME.
HOW CAN YOU GET INFORMATION ON
WHETHER DOES IT COME FROM.
HOW FAR AWAY IS THE HELIO PAUSE.
AND WHAT IS IT TELLING YOU?
>> GREAT QUESTIONS.
AND LET ME JUST SAY IT TOOK US A
LONG TIME TO FIGURE IN THIS OUT
TOO.
IT WASN'T EASY AND OBVIOUS TO US
EITHER.
BECAUSE BECAUSE WE MEASURE THE
ENERGY OF THE PARTICLES COMING
BACK IN.
LIKE HAVING MULTISPECTRAL
PICTURES.
NOT JUST REGULAR LIGHT BUT
ULTRAVIOLET AND X-RAYS.
YOU ARE ABLE TO TELL THE ENERGY
SPECTRUM AT A DISTANCE.
YOU ARE LOOKING AT AND SAYING
THAT DIRECTION RIGHT THERE.
PARTICLES THAT HAVE A VARIABLE
SHAPE OF THEIR ENERGIES.
AND DIFFERENT SHAPE.
AND THAT ONE THERE IS A
DIFFERENT SHAPE.
YOU GET TO UNDERSTAND WHAT THE
PLACE MASS PHYSICS ARE LIKE.
AND THEN WATCH TIME VARIATIONS.
WITH THE SOLAR OUTPUT INCREASES
LIKE SDB IN 2014.
SECOND HALF OF TO 2014,
ENERGETIC NEUTRAL ATOMS COME
FROM A PLACE SOUTH OF THE NOSE
AND THE UPSTREAM DIRECTION AND
SPREADS OUT OVER TIME AND
LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE AND ABLE
TO SOUND THE DISTANCE.
LIKE YOU SENT WAVES OUT THAT
BOUNCED OFF SOMETHING AND THEY
COME BACK.
A WHOLE PROCESS WRSH YOU TAKE
THESE MULTIENERGY MEASUREMENTS
AND THE TIMING AND PIECE FORGET
DISTANCE AND THICKNESS AND
THINGS LIKE THAT.
BUT IT IS NOT EASY.
>> CAN I ADD ON TO THAT ONE?
I WANT TO ADD ON THAT ONE OF THE
GREAT THING THAT NASA SCIENCE
DOES IS BUILDINGS UPON THESE
DECADE OF INFORMATION THAT WE
BRING FORWARD.
BUILD UPON THE MEASUREMENTS THAT
GEORGE CURRUTHERS MADE FROM THE
SURFACE OF THE MONDAY.
MOON.
AND BUILDING ON THE DISCOVERIES
FROM IBEX BEFORE.
THAT WEALTH AND FONT OF
SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION WE BUILT
OVER THE YEARS CREATED THE
ABILITY FOR OUR HEDGE
TECHNOLOGICAL SOCIETY.
THAT DRIVES HOME OUR ABILITY FOR
ALL OF OUR -- ALL OF THINGS WE
HOLD DEER AND USE ON A REGULAR
BASIS TO REALLY THRIVE.
SO WE ARE CONTINUING TO BUILD ON
THAT AND WITH THESE MISSIONS WE
WILL PUSH IT INTO THE FUTURE.
>> ALL RIGHT, GOING BACK TO OUR
SOCIAL MEDIA QUESTIONS ARMETESH
ON X ASKS, MISSIONS HELP PROTECT
SATELLITE AND COMMUNICATION
SYSTEMS ON EARTH?
>> OH, ABSOLUTELY.
ABSOLUTELY.
RIGHT NOW WE HAVE DATA THAT WE
COLLECT AND USE TO BEGIN RATE
THESE FORECASTS.
AND THIS WILL JUST BE A
CONTINUITY OF THAT.
BUT AT AN ELEVATED LEVEL.
WE ALREADY TALK ABOUT WE WILL BE
GETTING THE DATA MORE FREQUENTLY
AND MORE CONSISTENTLY AND IT
WILL ALLOW USES TO IMPROVE THESE
MODELS THAT ARE USED FOR
FORECASTING.
TAKING ADVANTAGE AS WE HAVE
ALREADY MENTIONED HERE ALL OF
THE ADVANCEMENTS IN
UNDERSTANDING OF SPACE WEATHER.
AND SO, YOU KNOW, THAT'S KIND OF
WHERE OUR TWO AGENCIES PLAY
VERY, VERY REAL TOGETHER.
NASA IS OUT THERE TO UNDERSTAND
KNOW T AND NOAA TAKING THE DATA
THAT REALLY IMPACTS OUR ABILITY
TO PREDICT AND FORECAST THE --
FROM THE ADVANCEMENT OF NONLS
AND TAMPA EVOLVES TOGETHER OUR
UNDERSTANDING AND ABILITY TO
PROVIDE THE SERVICES THAT ARE
NEEDED FOR THE COMMERCIAL SECTOR
IN THE SATELLITES.
IT IS GOING TO IMPACT THE
ARTEMIS PROGRAM AS WELL.
AND THEN THE GROUND SYSTEMS THAT
WE ALSO TALKED ABOUT THAT ARE
IMPACT BY SPACE WEATHER.
>> MAYBE -- JUST A LITTLE BIT
MORE.
SOMETHING IS INTERESTING IMAP
THAT CAUSED NASA HELIOPHYSICS TO
TALK OF OUR FUTURE MISSIONS AS
WELL AND IDENTIFIED A SUBSET OF
THESE DATA THAT IS TYPICAL TO
FORECASTING.
WE LAUNCH ONE OUR NASA SCIENCE
MISSIONS FEEDING INTO THANK
ECONOMIC VISION, TAKES A PROCESS
OF WEEKS AND MONTHS TO CURAT TEX
AND READY FOR THE SCIENTIFIC, IF
YOU WERE CLINTON AND IN CHARGE
EVER FORECASTING, MONTHS IS NOT
GOOD ENOUGH.
HOW TO GET CERTAIN DATA SETS NOW
THAT WE IDENTIFIED THEM IN OUR
SCIENCE MISSION INTO THE HANDS
OF THE FORECASTERS.
IMAP WILL BE DOING A LITTLE BIT
OF THAT BUT SOMETHING TO LEARN
OF THE A LOT OF THE HELIOPHYSICS
MISSION, WHICH IS CRITICAL TO
FORECASTING, HOW TO GET THEM
QUICKER INTO THE HAND OF THE
FORECASTER AND PUT THUPT PUBLIC
FORECAST DAY IN AND DAY UP TO.
>> ALL RIGHT.
OPENING WE HAVE TIME FOR ONE
MORE QUESTION IN THE ROOM.
SO ARE THERE ANY QUESTIONS?
ALL RIGHT, RIGHT HERE IN THE
FRONT.
>> HI, KEN KRAMER, SPACE UP
CLOSE AGAIN.
I WANT TO ASK YOU ABOUT THE
CURIOSITY.
THE CHARGED PARTICLES HITTING
CURIOSITY.
LOVE THE ROVERS.
WAS THERE A WARNING FOR
CURIOSITY AHEAD OF TIME THAT WAS
COMING? HOW DID THAT ALL HAPPEN
THAT YOU LOOKED AT THOSE
PICTURES AND SAW THAT THOSE WERE
CHARGED PARTICLES.
REALTIME DATA AHEAD HE TIME AND
HOW IT WORKS OUT.
>> YES, A GREAT QUESTION.
SOME FOR YOU TOO US THINGS.
AND WE ARE SPURRED OUT ACROSS
THE SOLAR SYSTEM.
IN A VERY FORTUNATE WAY,
OBSERVATIONSES THAT WE DON'T
TYPICALLY HAVE.
MARS WAS ROUGHLY 079 DEGREES
AWAY FROM NEWS OR BIT FROM THE
SUN.
WE WERE ABLE TO TRACK THE SUN
SPOT REGION THAT GAVE US THE BIG
STORM HERE.
AND KEEP TRACKING IT BECAUSE
SPACEKRA OF THE IN DIFFERENT
LOCATIONS.
WE KNEW IT WAS REMAINING VERY
ACTIVE AND SEEING SOME OF THESE
FLARES.
SOME EVIDENCE FROM SOME OF THE
OBSERVATIONS ON THE FAR SIDE OF
THE SUN.
SOME OF THE LARGEST FLARES WE
EVER MEASURED WERE OFF OF THAT
REGION.
AND.
FORTUNATELY WE WERE GATHERING
SOME DATA HELPING US DO THAT.
SOME FOLKS IN THE SCIENCE
COMMUNITY THAT DO KIND OF ADHOC
FORECASTING ON.
ON THE MARS SIDE OF THING.
NOT MANY PEOPLE AT MARS WHO CARE
WHAT GOING ON RECEIPT NOW.
FEW PEOPLE THAT PAY ATTENTION.
ONE DAY WE WILL CARE
TREMENDOUSLY OF THOSE DEEP OF
THINGS.
LUCKILY WE HAVE ALONG WITH THE
CAMERA ON SOME OF THE ROVERS, ON
CURIOSITY IN PARTICULAR, A
SENSOR AND AN INSTRUMENT THAT
MEASURES THOSE RADIATION
PARTICLES ON THE SURFACE OF
MARS.
REAL DATA.
THE LARGEST EVENT WE EVER SEEN
WAS THAT INCIDENT FROM THAT
ROVER AT MARS.
>> THAT WE RECORDED.
>> IT IS R.A.D.
CALLED R.A.D. THE NAME -- TO
THE R.A.D. INSTRUMENT ON THAT
ROVER.
>> THANK YOU.
>> ALL RIGHT.
THAT BRINGS TOUTS END OF THIS
NEWS CONFERENCE.
SO THANK YOU TO EVERYONE WHO
PARTICIPATED.
FOR MISSION UPDATES AND TO LEARN
MORE OF EACH OF THESE MISSIONS,
YOU CAN VITTING VISIT
NASA.GOV/SUN.
AND, AGAIN, TUESDAY'S LAUNCH IS
SLATED FOR 7:32 A.M. EASTERN
TIME.
WE HOPE YOU CAN JOIN US FOR LIVE
COVERAGE ON NASA PLUS AND THE
AGENCY'S SOCIAL MEDIA CHANNELS
AT 6:40 A.M. EASTERN.
FIND WAYS TO WATCH AT THE URL ON
YOUR SCREEN.
THANK YOU FOR GOING TODAY.
GO IMAP GO CURRUTHERS.
AND GO SWFO-L1.