1
00:00:44,928 --> 00:00:45,161
. 

2
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>>> THE SUN IS A MASSIVE DYNAMIC

3
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PLACE. 

4
00:00:49,866 --> 00:00:52,435
ITS IMPACT IS FELT ACROSS THE 

5
00:00:52,435 --> 00:00:53,870
SOLAR SYSTEM. 

6
00:00:53,870 --> 00:00:55,138
THREE NEW MISSIONS ARE GOING TO 

7
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HELP US UNDERSTAND OUR STAR LIKE

8
00:00:58,675 --> 00:01:02,145
NEVER BEFORE. 

9
00:01:02,145 --> 00:01:03,813
THEY WILL MONITOR THE SUN'S 

10
00:01:03,813 --> 00:01:05,181
EFFECT FROM UP CLOSE, OUT TO THE

11
00:01:05,181 --> 00:01:08,852
EDGES OF THE SOLAR SYSTEM. 

12
00:01:08,852 --> 00:01:11,287
>> WE NEED TO UNDERSTAND HOW OUR

13
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OWN GALAXY WAS CREATED. 

14
00:01:15,925 --> 00:01:17,527
>> EVERY TIME WE HAVE GONE SOME 

15
00:01:17,527 --> 00:01:19,295
PLACE NEW, WE HAVE BEEN 

16
00:01:19,295 --> 00:01:19,696
SURPRISED. 

17
00:01:19,696 --> 00:01:22,165
>> WE EXPECTED GREAT DISCOVERIES

18
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OF THINGS YOU WE CAN'T EVEN 

19
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ENVISION TODAY. 

20
00:01:28,571 --> 00:01:36,079
>> HELLO, AND WELCOME TO NASA 

21
00:01:36,079 --> 00:01:36,880
KENNEDY SPACE CENTER IN FLORIDA.

22
00:01:36,880 --> 00:01:37,614
TIME SARAH FRASER WITH NASA'S 

23
00:01:37,614 --> 00:01:38,248
OFFICE OF COMMUNICATION. 

24
00:01:38,248 --> 00:01:38,982
AND YOU ARE WATCHING THE SCIENCE

25
00:01:38,982 --> 00:01:44,921
NEWS CONFERENCE FOR IMAP, 

26
00:01:44,921 --> 00:01:47,290
CURRUTHERS GEOCORONA OBSERVATORY

27
00:01:47,290 --> 00:01:48,525
AND SWFO-L1. 

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00:01:48,525 --> 00:01:51,594
FROM THE LAUNCH COMPLEX 39-A 

29
00:01:51,594 --> 00:01:54,430
LAUNCHED TUESDAY SEPTEMBER 23 AT

30
00:01:54,430 --> 00:01:58,034
7:32 A.M. EASTERN TIME. 

31
00:01:58,034 --> 00:01:59,736
IMAP SHORT SUPPORT INTERSTELLAR 

32
00:01:59,736 --> 00:02:04,040
MAPPING IS JOINING THE HELIO 

33
00:02:04,040 --> 00:02:04,774
FLEET. 

34
00:02:04,774 --> 00:02:06,476
AN EXCITING LAUNCH BECAUSE ALL 

35
00:02:06,476 --> 00:02:10,280
ARE CONNECTED TO HELIO PHYSICS. 

36
00:02:10,280 --> 00:02:18,922
THE CURRUTHERS WILL JOIN THE 

37
00:02:18,922 --> 00:02:19,255
FLEET. 

38
00:02:19,255 --> 00:02:20,323
AND FOR NOAA'S SPACE FORECASTS 

39
00:02:20,323 --> 00:02:21,191
AND ALERTS. 

40
00:02:21,191 --> 00:02:22,292
TO SHARE MORE OF THE 

41
00:02:22,292 --> 00:02:23,993
OBSERVATIONS ARE JOE WESTLAKE, 

42
00:02:23,993 --> 00:02:27,330
DIRECTOR OF HELIO PHYSICS, 

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00:02:27,330 --> 00:02:31,067
DAVID MAKOMIS, IMAP INVESTIGATOR

44
00:02:31,067 --> 00:02:36,472
PRINCETON. LAURA WALTRIP, 

45
00:02:36,472 --> 00:02:37,774
UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS. 

46
00:02:37,774 --> 00:02:39,375
JAMIE FAVORS, DIRECTOR OF SPACE 

47
00:02:39,375 --> 00:02:44,314
WEATHER PROGRAM HELIO PHYSICS 

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DIVISION. 

49
00:02:44,714 --> 00:02:46,749
CLINTON WALLACE DIRECTOR OF 

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00:02:46,749 --> 00:02:53,489
SPACE PREDICTION AND JIM  SPANN,

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00:02:53,489 --> 00:02:55,558
NOAA'S OFFICE OF SPACE 

52
00:02:55,558 --> 00:02:56,292
EX-EMPLOYEE PLACE. 

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00:02:56,292 --> 00:02:57,293
THOSE IN THE ROOM CAN RAISE 

54
00:02:57,293 --> 00:02:58,761
THEIR HANDS AND THOSE ON THE 

55
00:02:58,761 --> 00:03:00,864
PHONE CAN GET INTO THE QUESTION 

56
00:03:00,864 --> 00:03:02,899
CUE BY STAR 1. 

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00:03:02,899 --> 00:03:06,035
WATCHING ONLINE, WE WILL TAKE 

58
00:03:06,035 --> 00:03:07,971
QUESTIONS FROM SOCIAL MEDIA WITH

59
00:03:07,971 --> 00:03:09,572
HASH TAG ASK NASA. 

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00:03:09,572 --> 00:03:11,307
TURN TO OVER TO JOE. 

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00:03:11,307 --> 00:03:13,076
>> I AM SO INCREDIBLY EXCITED TO

62
00:03:13,076 --> 00:03:14,043
BE HERE. 

63
00:03:14,043 --> 00:03:15,311
NOT ONLY THE JOY OF BEING ABLE 

64
00:03:15,311 --> 00:03:16,846
TO LAUNCH THESE AMAZING 

65
00:03:16,846 --> 00:03:19,449
SCIENTIFIC MISSIONS OUT INTO 

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SPACE. 

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00:03:19,782 --> 00:03:23,219
BUT WE AS NASA HELIO PHYSICS HAD

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00:03:23,219 --> 00:03:25,822
AN AMAZING YEAR THIS YEAR. 

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00:03:25,822 --> 00:03:28,224
WHETHER ENTERING OUR SLANG ERA 

70
00:03:28,224 --> 00:03:30,660
AND PUTTING THE 

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00:03:30,660 --> 00:03:32,595
WORD HELIOPHYSICS INTO THE DITCH

72
00:03:32,595 --> 00:03:34,697
THAT ARY AND MOVING TO MOTIVATE 

73
00:03:34,697 --> 00:03:36,432
AND PROPEL OUR SPACE WEATHER 

74
00:03:36,432 --> 00:03:37,433
EARN DEFERS FORWARD. 

75
00:03:37,433 --> 00:03:38,835
IF I CAN HAVE THE FIRST SLIDE 

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00:03:38,835 --> 00:03:39,135
HERE. 

77
00:03:39,135 --> 00:03:41,204
IF WE GO AHEAD AND LOOK FORWARD 

78
00:03:41,204 --> 00:03:42,338
TO THE MULTITUDE OF LAUNCHES 

79
00:03:42,338 --> 00:03:43,907
THAT WE HAD THIS YEAR. 

80
00:03:43,907 --> 00:03:47,110
WE LAUNCHED THE INSTRUMENT LEXI 

81
00:03:47,110 --> 00:03:49,379
ON BOARD THE BLUE GHOST, SAT 

82
00:03:49,379 --> 00:03:51,948
FROM THE LUNAR SURFACE TAKING 

83
00:03:51,948 --> 00:03:57,020
MEASUREMENTS OF THE EARTH'S 

84
00:03:57,020 --> 00:03:57,854
MAGNETOSPHERE. 

85
00:03:57,854 --> 00:03:58,721
FOUR SMALL PUNCH SATELLITES TO 

86
00:03:58,721 --> 00:04:01,057
LOOK AT THE SOLAR WIND AS IT 

87
00:04:01,057 --> 00:04:02,692
COMES ALL THE WAY FROM THE SUN 

88
00:04:02,692 --> 00:04:04,560
BACK TO THE EARTH. 

89
00:04:04,560 --> 00:04:07,563
EASY RODE ALONG ON A SPACE X 

90
00:04:07,563 --> 00:04:09,933
TRANSPORTER TO LOOK AT THE 

91
00:04:09,933 --> 00:04:11,067
AURORA ELECTROJETS. 

92
00:04:11,067 --> 00:04:13,336
THE FEATURES OF OUR AURORA AND 

93
00:04:13,336 --> 00:04:14,837
DIFFERENT THINGS THAT ARE GOING 

94
00:04:14,837 --> 00:04:17,373
ON IN THE PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENTS 

95
00:04:17,373 --> 00:04:17,974
OF THE REGION. 

96
00:04:17,974 --> 00:04:20,143
TWO TWIN CHASER SPACECRAFTS THAT

97
00:04:20,143 --> 00:04:22,679
ARE OUT LOOKING AT HOW OUR 

98
00:04:22,679 --> 00:04:24,147
MAGNETIC FIELDS CONNECT OUT INTO

99
00:04:24,147 --> 00:04:24,480
SPACE. 

100
00:04:24,480 --> 00:04:25,915
NOW WE ARE LAUNCHING 

101
00:04:25,915 --> 00:04:28,384
INTERSTELLAR MAPPING AND 

102
00:04:28,384 --> 00:04:32,655
ACCELERATION AND THE CURRUTHERS 

103
00:04:32,655 --> 00:04:34,924
GEOCORONA OBSERVATORY. 

104
00:04:34,924 --> 00:04:35,725
WONDERFUL COMPLEX OF 

105
00:04:35,725 --> 00:04:37,593
UNDERSTANDING THE SCIENCE, BOTH 

106
00:04:37,593 --> 00:04:38,828
OF SPACE WEATHER AND LOOKING 

107
00:04:38,828 --> 00:04:40,630
BACK ON OUR OWN EARTH AND 

108
00:04:40,630 --> 00:04:41,531
UNDERSTANDING ITS UPPER 

109
00:04:41,531 --> 00:04:43,266
ATMOSPHERE, UNDERSTANDING HOW 

110
00:04:43,266 --> 00:04:44,801
OUR ATMOSPHERE GOES OUT INTO 

111
00:04:44,801 --> 00:04:45,335
SPACE. 

112
00:04:45,335 --> 00:04:47,136
CURRUTHERS IS EXPECTED TO IT BE 

113
00:04:47,136 --> 00:04:50,540
THE FIRST TO OPERATE OUGHT L 1. 

114
00:04:50,540 --> 00:04:53,376
STABLE OR BIT BETWEEN THE EARTH 

115
00:04:53,376 --> 00:04:55,278
AND THE SUN ONE MILLION. 

116
00:04:55,278 --> 00:05:01,584
AND A FAST SATELLITE OF 

117
00:05:01,584 --> 00:05:02,352
CONTINUED OBSERVATIONS OF THE 

118
00:05:02,352 --> 00:05:02,919
EARTH'S EXOSPHERE. 

119
00:05:02,919 --> 00:05:06,856
IMAP WILL LOOK INTO THE 

120
00:05:06,856 --> 00:05:08,391
COSMOSPHERE TO LOOK THE BUSHEL 

121
00:05:08,391 --> 00:05:11,928
FROM GALACTIC COSMIC RAYS TO THE

122
00:05:11,928 --> 00:05:14,097
FARTHEST REACHES SPACE. 

123
00:05:14,097 --> 00:05:15,498
PERSONALLY I HAD A LONG HISTORY 

124
00:05:15,498 --> 00:05:15,898
OF IMAP. 

125
00:05:15,898 --> 00:05:17,200
I GOT TO WORK ON THIS MISSION 

126
00:05:17,200 --> 00:05:18,401
FOR QUITE SOME TIME. 

127
00:05:18,401 --> 00:05:19,836
I STARTED AS PROJECT SCIENTIST 

128
00:05:19,836 --> 00:05:21,738
FOR THIS MISSION BEFORE TAKING 

129
00:05:21,738 --> 00:05:22,538
THIS JOB HERE. 

130
00:05:22,538 --> 00:05:24,040
AND SPENT SO MUCH TIME WITH THE 

131
00:05:24,040 --> 00:05:25,408
ENGINEERING TEAM, WITH THE 

132
00:05:25,408 --> 00:05:26,943
SCIENCE TIPSES, AND ALL THE 

133
00:05:26,943 --> 00:05:29,212
FOLKS WITH MY COLLEAGUE 

134
00:05:29,212 --> 00:05:32,348
DAVE MAKOMIS AND THE WHOLE CREW,

135
00:05:32,348 --> 00:05:34,851
AND SO INCREDIBLY EXCITING TO BE

136
00:05:34,851 --> 00:05:36,352
PART OF A MISSION FROM BEGINNING

137
00:05:36,352 --> 00:05:39,288
FROM CONCEPT NOW ALL THE WAY TO 

138
00:05:39,288 --> 00:05:40,857
LAUNCH. 

139
00:05:40,857 --> 00:05:42,959
AND SO THIS NEXT SET OF MISSIONS

140
00:05:42,959 --> 00:05:45,762
-- IF WE CAN GO TO THE NEXT 

141
00:05:45,762 --> 00:05:46,095
VIDEO. 

142
00:05:46,095 --> 00:05:48,865
THE ULTIMATE COSMIC CARPOOL. 

143
00:05:48,865 --> 00:05:52,101
MISSIONS TO THE L-1. 

144
00:05:52,101 --> 00:05:53,536
RIDING A LONG TOGETHER PROVIDES 

145
00:05:53,536 --> 00:05:54,704
IMMENSE VALUE FOR THE AMERICAN 

146
00:05:54,704 --> 00:05:57,473
TAXPAYER .THESE SPACECRAFT 

147
00:05:57,473 --> 00:05:58,541
MISSIONS GOING TOGETHER WOULD 

148
00:05:58,541 --> 00:06:01,177
HAVE TAKEN US THREE SEPARATE 

149
00:06:01,177 --> 00:06:02,712
LAUNCHES AND TAKEN THREE 

150
00:06:02,712 --> 00:06:04,147
SEPARATE MISSION DESIGN. 

151
00:06:04,147 --> 00:06:06,015
HAVING THEM FILE TOGETHER AS ONE

152
00:06:06,015 --> 00:06:08,184
PROVIDES AN IMMENSE VALUE FOR 

153
00:06:08,184 --> 00:06:11,187
OUR AMERICAN TAXPAYER. 

154
00:06:11,187 --> 00:06:11,954
PARTNERSHIP LIKE WE HAVE NEVER 

155
00:06:11,954 --> 00:06:13,022
SEEN BEFORE. 

156
00:06:13,022 --> 00:06:14,190
INCREDIBLY HAPPY WITH THE WORK 

157
00:06:14,190 --> 00:06:16,025
WE HAVE DONE BETWEEN NASA AND 

158
00:06:16,025 --> 00:06:18,127
NOAA TO EFFECTIVELY CREATE THE 

159
00:06:18,127 --> 00:06:19,729
RESEARCH SIDE OF SPACE WEATHER, 

160
00:06:19,729 --> 00:06:21,431
RIGHT, LOOKING AT THE TIP OF 

161
00:06:21,431 --> 00:06:25,034
THE SPHERE AND HOW WE PROPEL NEW

162
00:06:25,034 --> 00:06:29,605
SPACE WEATHER ACTIVITIES FORWARD

163
00:06:29,605 --> 00:06:30,973
SWFO-L1 WHICH PROVIDES OUR SPACE

164
00:06:30,973 --> 00:06:32,375
OPERATION AND ALERTS AS WE GO 

165
00:06:32,375 --> 00:06:33,910
DOWN TO ALL THE FOLKS HERE ON 

166
00:06:33,910 --> 00:06:36,979
THE GROUND AND ALL OF THE 

167
00:06:36,979 --> 00:06:38,548
DIFFERENT INDUSTRIES THAT 

168
00:06:38,548 --> 00:06:40,950
REQUIRE THIS INFORMATION FOR 

169
00:06:40,950 --> 00:06:42,085
THEIR DAILY ACTIVITIES. 

170
00:06:42,085 --> 00:06:44,620
I WOULD LIKE TO THANK THE 

171
00:06:44,620 --> 00:06:45,721
PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS OF OUR 

172
00:06:45,721 --> 00:06:47,023
TWO MISSIONS THAT YOU HAVE UP 

173
00:06:47,023 --> 00:06:48,091
HERE. 

174
00:06:48,091 --> 00:06:49,192
WE WILL HEAR FROM THEM SOON. 

175
00:06:49,192 --> 00:06:54,163
DAVID MAKOMIS AND LAURA WALTRIP 

176
00:06:54,163 --> 00:06:58,434
WHO LED AS PRIMARY INVEST 

177
00:06:58,434 --> 00:07:00,770
INVESTIGATORS .THEY ARE PURE 

178
00:07:00,770 --> 00:07:01,170
SCIENTISTS. 

179
00:07:01,170 --> 00:07:03,940
TAKES A VILLAGE. 

180
00:07:03,940 --> 00:07:05,842
MULTITUDE OF INSTITUTIONS TO 

181
00:07:05,842 --> 00:07:07,510
MAKE THESE MISSION AS SUCCESS. 

182
00:07:07,510 --> 00:07:10,179
GO AHEAD TO THE NEXT SLIDE. 

183
00:07:10,179 --> 00:07:11,447
THIS IS REALLY A MONUMENTAL 

184
00:07:11,447 --> 00:07:12,615
MOMENT FOR SPACE WEATHER. 

185
00:07:12,615 --> 00:07:13,883
THESE THREE MISSIONS WORKING 

186
00:07:13,883 --> 00:07:15,284
TOGETHER SEPARATELY AND TOGETHER

187
00:07:15,284 --> 00:07:17,019
WITHIN THE REST OF SPACE -- THE 

188
00:07:17,019 --> 00:07:18,087
SPACE WEATHER FLEET. 

189
00:07:18,087 --> 00:07:20,056
THEY PROVIDE UNPRECEDENTED 

190
00:07:20,056 --> 00:07:21,924
INSIGHT INTO THE SPACE WEATHER 

191
00:07:21,924 --> 00:07:22,792
WITH REALTIME OBSERVATIONS OF 

192
00:07:22,792 --> 00:07:24,293
THE SOLAR WIND. 

193
00:07:24,293 --> 00:07:29,599
AND INSIGHT INTO THE EXOSHHERE. 

194
00:07:29,599 --> 00:07:31,734
AND THE NEAR SUN MACHINE EARTH 

195
00:07:31,734 --> 00:07:32,335
ENVIRONMENT. 

196
00:07:32,335 --> 00:07:33,536
VALUE ADD FOR SPACE WEATHER 

197
00:07:33,536 --> 00:07:34,804
SCIENCE RESEARCH AND OPERATION 

198
00:07:34,804 --> 00:07:36,072
IS HUGE. 

199
00:07:36,072 --> 00:07:37,740
EVERY HUMAN ON EARTH AS WELL AS 

200
00:07:37,740 --> 00:07:39,842
NEARLY EVERY SYSTEM INVOLVED IN 

201
00:07:39,842 --> 00:07:41,377
SPACE EXPLORATION AND HUMAN 

202
00:07:41,377 --> 00:07:42,745
NEEDS IS AFFECTED BY SPACE 

203
00:07:42,745 --> 00:07:43,112
WEATHER. 

204
00:07:43,112 --> 00:07:44,313
MOST COMPANIES OUT THERE, 

205
00:07:44,313 --> 00:07:45,748
WHETHER THEY BELIEVE IT OR KNOW 

206
00:07:45,748 --> 00:07:48,384
IT OR NOT, ARE SOON TO BE A 

207
00:07:48,384 --> 00:07:49,085
SPACE COMPANY. 

208
00:07:49,085 --> 00:07:50,286
ALMOST EVERYTHING YOU USE THE 

209
00:07:50,286 --> 00:07:53,189
PHONES IN YOUR POCKET TO THE 

210
00:07:53,189 --> 00:07:54,757
FOOD DELIVERED TO OUR TABLE HAVE

211
00:07:54,757 --> 00:07:56,092
SOMETHING TO DO WITH WHAT IS 

212
00:07:56,092 --> 00:07:57,093
GOING ON IN SPACE. 

213
00:07:57,093 --> 00:07:59,629
FROM THE SUN TO MUD AND FROM THE

214
00:07:59,629 --> 00:08:01,197
SUN TO INTERSTELLAR SPACE. 

215
00:08:01,197 --> 00:08:03,099
THIS MISSION TRAILER ILLUSTRATES

216
00:08:03,099 --> 00:08:03,499
PERFECTLY. 

217
00:08:03,499 --> 00:08:05,902
MANY WAYS IN THE LAST YEAR, I 

218
00:08:05,902 --> 00:08:07,336
HOPE YOU ALL HAD A OPPORTUNITY 

219
00:08:07,336 --> 00:08:08,804
TO SEE SPACE WEATHER HIT HOME. 

220
00:08:08,804 --> 00:08:10,606
A LARGE STORM THAT HIT US LAST 

221
00:08:10,606 --> 00:08:12,208
MAY, WE CALLED IT THE GANNON 

222
00:08:12,208 --> 00:08:12,542
STORM. 

223
00:08:12,542 --> 00:08:13,342
ONE IN MAY. 

224
00:08:13,342 --> 00:08:14,143
ONE IN OCTOBER. 

225
00:08:14,143 --> 00:08:16,979
WE WERE ABLE TO SEE AURORA THE 

226
00:08:16,979 --> 00:08:18,614
WAY TO THE SOUTHERN REGIONS OF 

227
00:08:18,614 --> 00:08:19,148
THE UNITED STATES. 

228
00:08:19,148 --> 00:08:20,716
AND ONE OF THE MOST AMAZING 

229
00:08:20,716 --> 00:08:23,019
THING ABOUT THAT STORM IS THAT 

230
00:08:23,019 --> 00:08:25,121
IT DIDN'T CAUSE CHAOS AND KNOCK 

231
00:08:25,121 --> 00:08:26,322
EVERYTHING TO OUT BECAUSE WE 

232
00:08:26,322 --> 00:08:28,291
WERE PREPARED, RIGHT. 

233
00:08:28,291 --> 00:08:29,525
WE WERE PREPARED TO BRING 

234
00:08:29,525 --> 00:08:30,893
FORWARD OUR KNOWLEDGE OF SPACE 

235
00:08:30,893 --> 00:08:31,727
WEATHER MOVING FORWARD. 

236
00:08:31,727 --> 00:08:34,030
YOU WILL HEAR FROM OUR SPACE 

237
00:08:34,030 --> 00:08:34,764
WEATHER LEAD HERE AT NASA. 

238
00:08:34,764 --> 00:08:37,800
FROM JAMIE ON SOME OF THE 

239
00:08:37,800 --> 00:08:40,269
ECONOMIC SECTORS SPECIFICALLY 

240
00:08:40,269 --> 00:08:45,341
AND NOAA COLLEAGUES WALLACE 

241
00:08:45,341 --> 00:08:49,078
AND JIM SPANN SO NOAA WILL HELP 

242
00:08:49,078 --> 00:08:51,247
WITH US EARLY ALERTS AND THE 

243
00:08:51,247 --> 00:08:52,648
SOCIETAL EFFECT OF ALL THESE 

244
00:08:52,648 --> 00:08:53,316
ACTIVITIES. 

245
00:08:53,316 --> 00:08:54,517
ACTIVITIES RANGE FROM THE SPACE 

246
00:08:54,517 --> 00:08:55,851
INDUSTRY, RIGHT, OUR ASTRONAUTS 

247
00:08:55,851 --> 00:08:56,385
OUT IN SPACE. 

248
00:08:56,385 --> 00:08:58,921
OPERATING AS WE GO OUT TO THE 

249
00:08:58,921 --> 00:09:00,790
MOON AND MARS. 

250
00:09:00,790 --> 00:09:02,225
OPERATING FARTHER THAN WE EVER 

251
00:09:02,225 --> 00:09:09,966
HAVE OPERATED BEFORE. 

252
00:09:09,966 --> 00:09:10,933
AERONAUTICS. 

253
00:09:10,933 --> 00:09:11,667
SPACE TRANSPORTATION AND ALL 

254
00:09:11,667 --> 00:09:13,069
MODES OF TRANSPORTATION. 

255
00:09:13,069 --> 00:09:15,671
SPEAKING OF OUR SIGNALS. 

256
00:09:15,671 --> 00:09:18,107
AGRICULTURE AND FOOD PRODUCTION.

257
00:09:18,107 --> 00:09:19,642
PRECISION FARMING AND HOW THAT 

258
00:09:19,642 --> 00:09:22,712
HAS BEEN AFFECTED BY GPS 

259
00:09:22,712 --> 00:09:23,079
SYSTEMS. 

260
00:09:23,079 --> 00:09:24,013
SAFETY OF LIFE 

261
00:09:24,013 --> 00:09:26,782
APPLICATIONS, EMS, FIRE FIGHTERS

262
00:09:26,782 --> 00:09:27,950
AND OUR MILITARY AS WELL AS OUR 

263
00:09:27,950 --> 00:09:28,784
ENERGY GRADES. 

264
00:09:28,784 --> 00:09:30,086
ALL PLAY A TREMENDOUS ROLE IN 

265
00:09:30,086 --> 00:09:32,421
OUR ECONOMICS AND EFFECT OUR 

266
00:09:32,421 --> 00:09:33,589
OVERALL QUALITY OF LIFE. 

267
00:09:33,589 --> 00:09:35,858
SO WITH THAT, I AM SO INCREDIBLY

268
00:09:35,858 --> 00:09:37,393
EXCITED FOR US TO MOVE FORWARD. 

269
00:09:37,393 --> 00:09:40,263
LET'S GO ON TO THE NEXT SLIDE. 

270
00:09:40,263 --> 00:09:42,164
LET'S GET TO LAUNCH. 

271
00:09:42,164 --> 00:09:44,934
I AM SO EXCITED TO FOR THIS 

272
00:09:44,934 --> 00:09:46,836
LAUNCH COMING UP ON TUESDAY. 

273
00:09:46,836 --> 00:09:49,739
LET'S GO IMAP, GO CURRUTHERS, GO

274
00:09:49,739 --> 00:09:50,840
SWFO-L1, GO FALCON. 

275
00:09:50,840 --> 00:09:53,509
WITH THAT DAVID MAKOMIS, 

276
00:09:53,509 --> 00:09:55,611
THE P.I. FOR THE IMAP MISSION. 

277
00:09:55,611 --> 00:09:57,947
>> THANK YOU SO MUCH, JOE. 

278
00:09:57,947 --> 00:10:04,220
I AM DAVID,  PI FOR THE IMAP 

279
00:10:04,220 --> 00:10:07,223
MISSION. 

280
00:10:07,223 --> 00:10:07,657
HELIOSPHERE. 

281
00:10:07,657 --> 00:10:09,292
A REGION OF SPACE DOMINATED BY 

282
00:10:09,292 --> 00:10:11,193
OUR SUN. 

283
00:10:11,193 --> 00:10:12,662
THE SUN HAS MILLION MILES PER 

284
00:10:12,662 --> 00:10:13,763
HOUR THAT FLOWS IN ALL 

285
00:10:13,763 --> 00:10:15,364
DIRECTIONSS SPACE ALL THE TIME 

286
00:10:15,364 --> 00:10:18,100
AND BASE INFLATES A BUBBLE IN 

287
00:10:18,100 --> 00:10:19,602
THIS INTERSTELLAR MEDIUM. 

288
00:10:19,602 --> 00:10:20,336
IN THIS GRAPHIC, WHAT IT LOOKS 

289
00:10:20,336 --> 00:10:22,305
LIKE. 

290
00:10:22,305 --> 00:10:23,739
100 TIMES AWAY FROM THE EARTH TO

291
00:10:23,739 --> 00:10:25,941
THE SUN, A BOUNDARY WHERE THE 

292
00:10:25,941 --> 00:10:28,277
SUPERSONIC SOLAR WIND SLOW DO 

293
00:10:28,277 --> 00:10:31,881
UNAND GETS BENT BACK TO A HELIO 

294
00:10:31,881 --> 00:10:32,181
TILL. 

295
00:10:32,181 --> 00:10:35,584
A HELIO BECAUSE BETWEEN THE 

296
00:10:35,584 --> 00:10:37,620
STUFF FROM THE SUN AND THE 

297
00:10:37,620 --> 00:10:37,953
MEDIA. 

298
00:10:37,953 --> 00:10:40,823
VERY IMPORTANT PLACE BECAUSE 

299
00:10:40,823 --> 00:10:43,159
PROTECTS US AGAINST GALACTIC 

300
00:10:43,159 --> 00:10:43,693
RADIATION. 

301
00:10:43,693 --> 00:10:45,161
IT IS NOT UNDERSTOOD AND IMAP 

302
00:10:45,161 --> 00:10:47,697
WILL GIVE DETAILED PICTURES THAT

303
00:10:47,697 --> 00:10:50,333
EVOLVE OVER TIME WITH THE REGION

304
00:10:50,333 --> 00:10:51,934
AND UNDERSTAND HOW THE SHIELDING

305
00:10:51,934 --> 00:10:53,703
WORKS AND WHAT IT LOOKS LIKE. 

306
00:10:53,703 --> 00:10:57,840
AND WE ARE NOT ALONE IN HAVING 

307
00:10:57,840 --> 00:11:03,112
SOMETHING LIKE A HELIOSPHERE. 

308
00:11:03,112 --> 00:11:04,547
THESE BRIGHT INTERACTIONS. 

309
00:11:04,547 --> 00:11:06,549
YOU SEE SHOCKS OUT IN FRONT OF 

310
00:11:06,549 --> 00:11:06,949
THEM. 

311
00:11:06,949 --> 00:11:07,750
ASTRO BECAUSES.

312
00:11:07,750 --> 00:11:10,152
WE CAN'T SEE THAT AROUND OUR OWN

313
00:11:10,152 --> 00:11:11,520
SON, THE INTERACTION IS NOT 

314
00:11:11,520 --> 00:11:13,956
ENOUGH FOR OUR OWN SUN AND IS 

315
00:11:13,956 --> 00:11:15,424
AROUND SOME OF THESE OTHER 

316
00:11:15,424 --> 00:11:17,026
STARS. 

317
00:11:17,026 --> 00:11:18,627
ENTIRELY NEW WAY TO MEASURE 

318
00:11:18,627 --> 00:11:19,962
THESE PARTICLES TO COME IN TO 

319
00:11:19,962 --> 00:11:23,632
MAKE PICTURES OF THE BOUNDARIES 

320
00:11:23,632 --> 00:11:27,870
OF OUR HELIO. 

321
00:11:27,870 --> 00:11:29,472
INTERGENIC ENGINEERING. 

322
00:11:29,472 --> 00:11:30,873
EMA ASTRONOMY. 

323
00:11:30,873 --> 00:11:32,174
NEXT SLIDE, PLEASE. 

324
00:11:32,174 --> 00:11:33,876
SOME WHAT YOU WILL SEE IS THE 

325
00:11:33,876 --> 00:11:34,610
EXPANSION OF THE SOLAR WIND 

326
00:11:34,610 --> 00:11:36,412
GOING ALL DIRECTIONS. 

327
00:11:36,412 --> 00:11:37,947
THIS IS THE SOLAR WIND FLOWING 

328
00:11:37,947 --> 00:11:39,915
OUT PAST ALL OF THE PLANETS. 

329
00:11:39,915 --> 00:11:41,484
OUT TO THE BOUNDARIES. 

330
00:11:41,484 --> 00:11:44,053
AND AN INDIVIDUAL PARTICLE. 

331
00:11:44,053 --> 00:11:45,287
INDIVIDUAL HYDROGEN GOING OUT TO

332
00:11:45,287 --> 00:11:45,821
THE BOUNDARY. 

333
00:11:45,821 --> 00:11:47,289
IT GETS OUT THERE. 

334
00:11:47,289 --> 00:11:49,658
ONCE IT GETS OUT THERE -- NEXT 

335
00:11:49,658 --> 00:11:50,226
SLIDE, PLEASE. 

336
00:11:50,226 --> 00:11:51,494
WHAT YOU WILL SEE IT IS POSSIBLE

337
00:11:51,494 --> 00:11:54,597
FOR IT TO GRAB AN ELECTRON FROM 

338
00:11:54,597 --> 00:11:56,465
ANOTHER AT TOMORROW FLOATING 

339
00:11:56,465 --> 00:12:00,536
THROUGH THE HELIOSPHERE. 

340
00:12:00,536 --> 00:12:03,672
START THE NEXT MOVIE, PLEASE. 

341
00:12:03,672 --> 00:12:05,975
GYRATING AROUND THE LOCAL 

342
00:12:05,975 --> 00:12:07,410
MAGNETIC FIELD AND EVERY NOW AND

343
00:12:07,410 --> 00:12:09,478
THEN A NEUTRAL AT TOMORROW. 

344
00:12:09,478 --> 00:12:13,282
IT CAN GRAB AN ELECTRON AND GO 

345
00:12:13,282 --> 00:12:14,784
ZIPPING OFF AND GOES IN ALL THE 

346
00:12:14,784 --> 00:12:20,089
WAY PAST THE PLANETS AND THE 

347
00:12:20,089 --> 00:12:21,056
EARTH AND INTO OUR ESTIMATES 

348
00:12:21,056 --> 00:12:21,424
ON L-1. 

349
00:12:21,424 --> 00:12:24,860
WHAT I LIKE TO CALL A TEN 

350
00:12:24,860 --> 00:12:26,962
BILLION MILE HOLE IN ONE. 

351
00:12:26,962 --> 00:12:27,296
THERE. 

352
00:12:27,296 --> 00:12:29,732
WHEN THAT HAPPENS, MAKE A MESH 

353
00:12:29,732 --> 00:12:33,002
CHUFRMENT OF THE PARTICLE, YOU 

354
00:12:33,002 --> 00:12:35,871
MESH ENOUGH, AN INSIDE-OUT IMAGE

355
00:12:35,871 --> 00:12:38,674
AND SEE WHAT IT LOOKS LIKE HOW 

356
00:12:38,674 --> 00:12:40,342
MANY OF THESE NEUTRAL ATOMS ARE 

357
00:12:40,342 --> 00:12:40,910
COMING IN. 

358
00:12:40,910 --> 00:12:44,079
YOU ARE ABLE TO DO PRECISE 

359
00:12:44,079 --> 00:12:46,215
IMAGING AND TELL WHAT THE PLASMA

360
00:12:46,215 --> 00:12:47,650
ENVIRONMENT IS A LIKE WITH THAT 

361
00:12:47,650 --> 00:12:48,384
INTERACTIVE REGION. 

362
00:12:48,384 --> 00:12:52,621
NEXT SLIDE, PLEASE. 

363
00:12:52,621 --> 00:12:55,391
WE ALSO DO SPACE WEATHER AND 

364
00:12:55,391 --> 00:12:57,092
PARTICLE ACCELERATION. 

365
00:12:57,092 --> 00:13:00,362
THIS SHOWS AN EXAMPLE OF A FLARE

366
00:13:00,362 --> 00:13:04,700
AND A CORONA MASS INFLECTION AND

367
00:13:04,700 --> 00:13:08,337
PARTICLES AT HIGH ENERGY AND 

368
00:13:08,337 --> 00:13:11,707
MEASURE SITSHU. 

369
00:13:11,707 --> 00:13:13,075
AND THE SAME PARTICLES THAT 

370
00:13:13,075 --> 00:13:15,311
DIDN'T COME INTO OUR SPACECRAFT 

371
00:13:15,311 --> 00:13:16,645
AND MEASURED DIRECTLY BUT CLOSE 

372
00:13:16,645 --> 00:13:17,813
TO OUR SPACECRAFT. 

373
00:13:17,813 --> 00:13:20,015
THEY CONTINUE TO GO OUT TO AND A

374
00:13:20,015 --> 00:13:22,117
COUPLE TWO, THREE YEARS LATER 

375
00:13:22,117 --> 00:13:23,586
HAVE THE INTERACTION I JUST 

376
00:13:23,586 --> 00:13:25,488
DESCRIBED THROUGH CHARGE 

377
00:13:25,488 --> 00:13:27,890
EXCHANGE AND COME BACK AS 

378
00:13:27,890 --> 00:13:29,291
NEUTRAL ATOMS. 

379
00:13:29,291 --> 00:13:31,961
COMING FROM THE SON, ENERGIZED 

380
00:13:31,961 --> 00:13:32,495
LOCALLY. 

381
00:13:32,495 --> 00:13:34,430
PASSING BACK IN TO THE 

382
00:13:34,430 --> 00:13:38,234
OUTER HELISPHERE BOUNDARIES. 

383
00:13:38,234 --> 00:13:40,069
INCREDIBLE EXCITING MISSION TO 

384
00:13:40,069 --> 00:13:42,671
DO THE ENTIRE LIFE CYCLE OF 

385
00:13:42,671 --> 00:13:44,707
THESE PARTICLES AND THE HOLISTIC

386
00:13:44,707 --> 00:13:46,208
VIEW OF HOW YOU THIS REGION OF 

387
00:13:46,208 --> 00:13:47,943
SPACE BEHIND US, OUR SOLAR 

388
00:13:47,943 --> 00:13:49,411
NEIGHBORHOOD REALLY WORKS. 

389
00:13:49,411 --> 00:13:52,181
NEXT SLIDE, PLEASE. 

390
00:13:52,181 --> 00:13:54,049
AND SO THAT'S IT. 

391
00:13:54,049 --> 00:13:55,684
THAT IS IMAP IN A NUTSHELL. 

392
00:13:55,684 --> 00:13:57,119
GOING TO BE A FABULOUS MISSION. 

393
00:13:57,119 --> 00:13:58,587
WE ARE LOOKING FORWARD TO 

394
00:13:58,587 --> 00:13:59,655
LAUNCHING IN TWO DAYS AND 

395
00:13:59,655 --> 00:14:01,223
GETTING OUT HERE AND DOING THIS 

396
00:14:01,223 --> 00:14:03,926
WONDERFUL SCIENCE IN THIS VERY 

397
00:14:03,926 --> 00:14:06,028
IMPORTANT SPACE, WEATHER. 

398
00:14:06,028 --> 00:14:06,662
LAURA, OVER TO YOU. 

399
00:14:06,662 --> 00:14:07,796
>> THANK YOU. 

400
00:14:07,796 --> 00:14:11,867
EYE NAME IS LAURA WITH,ALDRUP, 

401
00:14:11,867 --> 00:14:14,870
THE PRINCIPAL VECTOR OF THE 

402
00:14:14,870 --> 00:14:17,006
GEOCORONA OBSERVATORY AND NOT 

403
00:14:17,006 --> 00:14:19,675
JUST INVESTIGATING A FRONTIER IN

404
00:14:19,675 --> 00:14:20,843
SCIENCE BUT A LITERAL FRONTIER 

405
00:14:20,843 --> 00:14:23,712
OF OUR PLANEARNINGST KNOWN AS 

406
00:14:23,712 --> 00:14:27,483
THE EX-OSPHERE. 

407
00:14:27,483 --> 00:14:29,852
NEXT SLIDE, PLEASE. 

408
00:14:29,852 --> 00:14:33,122
MANY OF YOU FAMILIAR WITH THE 

409
00:14:33,122 --> 00:14:33,622
LOW ATMOSPHERE. 

410
00:14:33,622 --> 00:14:34,857
WHERE THE WEATHER HAPPENS. 

411
00:14:34,857 --> 00:14:37,259
ALSO WHERE OUR AIRPLANES FLY. 

412
00:14:37,259 --> 00:14:39,762
AND, IN FACT, WHERE MANY OF OUR 

413
00:14:39,762 --> 00:14:42,531
LOW EARTH ORBITING SATELLITES 

414
00:14:42,531 --> 00:14:42,831
LIVE. 

415
00:14:42,831 --> 00:14:44,500
RIGHT IN THAT OR BIT IS WHERE 

416
00:14:44,500 --> 00:14:48,404
THE EXOSPHERE BEGINS. 

417
00:14:48,404 --> 00:14:50,573
UNLIKE THE LAYERS THAT ARE WELL 

418
00:14:50,573 --> 00:14:51,807
CONFINED TO OUR PLANET. 

419
00:14:51,807 --> 00:14:53,509
HELD VERY CLOSE. 

420
00:14:53,509 --> 00:14:56,478
GRAVITATIONALRY BOUND. 

421
00:14:56,478 --> 00:15:01,216
EXOSPHERE GOES EXACT MOON, I 

422
00:15:01,216 --> 00:15:03,319
SAY MAYBE, BECAUSE WE DON'T KNOW

423
00:15:03,319 --> 00:15:04,219
HOW BIG IT IS. 

424
00:15:04,219 --> 00:15:07,256
WE DON'T KNOW HOW MANY HYDROGEN 

425
00:15:07,256 --> 00:15:09,191
ATOMS POPULATED. 

426
00:15:09,191 --> 00:15:11,327
WE KNOW IT IS LIGHT ENOUGH TO 

427
00:15:11,327 --> 00:15:14,597
MAKE IT UP TO THOSE AT NEWTS BUT

428
00:15:14,597 --> 00:15:19,335
DON'T KNOW SPHERICAL SYMMETRY OR

429
00:15:19,335 --> 00:15:22,271
LINED LIKE AN OVA. 

430
00:15:22,271 --> 00:15:24,773
MAYBE DAWN DUSK ASYMMETRIES. 

431
00:15:24,773 --> 00:15:26,041
WE LITERALLY DON'T KNOW. 

432
00:15:26,041 --> 00:15:28,143
IT IS VERY, VERY DIFFICULT TO 

433
00:15:28,143 --> 00:15:30,613
MAKE COMPREHENSIVE MEASUREMENTS 

434
00:15:30,613 --> 00:15:33,616
OF ITS PROPERTIES. 

435
00:15:33,616 --> 00:15:35,551
ONE OF THE BEST WAYS TO OBSERVE 

436
00:15:35,551 --> 00:15:38,220
THE EXOSPHERE THROUGH REMOTE 

437
00:15:38,220 --> 00:15:38,787
SENSING. 

438
00:15:38,787 --> 00:15:40,589
INSTEAD OF TAKING A SENSOR AND 

439
00:15:40,589 --> 00:15:43,425
TRYING TO DIRECTOR MEASURE THE 

440
00:15:43,425 --> 00:15:46,061
HYDROGEN ALBUMS DIRECTLY 

441
00:15:46,061 --> 00:15:46,762
MEASURING THEMSELVES, THIS 

442
00:15:46,762 --> 00:15:48,063
REGION IS HUGE. 

443
00:15:48,063 --> 00:15:50,165
YOU WILL NEED A GIGANTIC 

444
00:15:50,165 --> 00:15:51,400
CONSTELLATION OF SENSORS TO DO 

445
00:15:51,400 --> 00:15:51,967
THAT. 

446
00:15:51,967 --> 00:15:53,769
INSTEAD, WE LOOK AT THE LIGHT IT

447
00:15:53,769 --> 00:15:56,005
GIVES OFF WHEN THE SUN SHINES ON

448
00:15:56,005 --> 00:15:56,271
IT. 

449
00:15:56,271 --> 00:15:59,074
THIS LIGHT IS IN THE ULTRAVIOLET

450
00:15:59,074 --> 00:16:03,178
AND WHAT GEORGE CURRUTHERS, THE 

451
00:16:03,178 --> 00:16:05,114
NAMETAKE OF OUR MISSION 

452
00:16:05,114 --> 00:16:07,082
NICKNAMED THE GEOCORONA. 

453
00:16:07,082 --> 00:16:09,685
DR. GEORGE CURRUTHERS WAS A 

454
00:16:09,685 --> 00:16:11,153
THREE-TIME UNIVERSITY ALUM. 

455
00:16:11,153 --> 00:16:15,090
WE ARE PROUD OF THAT HERE IN 

456
00:16:15,090 --> 00:16:16,258
ILLINOIS, BUT HE DEVELOPED THE 

457
00:16:16,258 --> 00:16:18,293
FIRST CAMERA TO EVER TAKE AN 

458
00:16:18,293 --> 00:16:24,967
IMAGE OF THIS EXOSHHERETIC 

459
00:16:24,967 --> 00:16:25,300
LIGHT. 

460
00:16:25,300 --> 00:16:28,137
AND IT WAS DEPLOYED BY THE 

461
00:16:28,137 --> 00:16:28,804
APOLLO 16 ASTRONAUTS. 

462
00:16:28,804 --> 00:16:31,340
THE CAMERA REMAINS THERE. 

463
00:16:31,340 --> 00:16:33,208
WHAT THEY BROUGHT HOME WAS THE 

464
00:16:33,208 --> 00:16:34,777
FILM CANISTER. 

465
00:16:34,777 --> 00:16:37,312
A PICTURE OF GEORGE CURRUTHERS 

466
00:16:37,312 --> 00:16:38,881
HOLDING THAT CANISTER AND HE 

467
00:16:38,881 --> 00:16:40,182
ANALYZED THE IMAGES. 

468
00:16:40,182 --> 00:16:43,852
IT WAS INCREDIBLE. 

469
00:16:43,852 --> 00:16:45,254
EXOSPHERE EXTENDED BEYOND THE 

470
00:16:45,254 --> 00:16:48,123
IMAGE MUCH LUNAR SURFACES. 

471
00:16:48,123 --> 00:16:51,627
06 EARTH RADIO IO. 

472
00:16:51,627 --> 00:16:54,263
YOU NEED TO GET FURTHER TO 

473
00:16:54,263 --> 00:16:57,566
SEAT EXOSHNEAR A SINGLE IMAGE 

474
00:16:57,566 --> 00:16:58,867
WHAT IT IS GOING TO DO. 

475
00:16:58,867 --> 00:17:00,869
ONE IMAGE OR A FEW IMAGES 

476
00:17:00,869 --> 00:17:01,570
ACQUIRED OVER THE YEARS. 

477
00:17:01,570 --> 00:17:03,639
AS I MENTIONED A SIGNIFICANT 

478
00:17:03,639 --> 00:17:04,807
KNOWLEDGE GAP. 

479
00:17:04,807 --> 00:17:06,475
IT TURNS OUT THIS KNOWLEDGE GAP 

480
00:17:06,475 --> 00:17:08,844
IS ACTUALLY CRITICAL 

481
00:17:08,844 --> 00:17:10,746
SIGNIFICANCE FOR OUR ABILITY TO 

482
00:17:10,746 --> 00:17:13,348
UNDERSTAND EARTH'S RECOVERY FROM

483
00:17:13,348 --> 00:17:15,918
GEO MAGNETIC STORMS IN 

484
00:17:15,918 --> 00:17:16,351
PARTICULAR. 

485
00:17:16,351 --> 00:17:24,226
SO THIS EXOSPHERIC REGION, NOT 

486
00:17:24,226 --> 00:17:26,261
TOO MANY HYDROGEN ATOMS THROUGH,

487
00:17:26,261 --> 00:17:29,131
THEY WAY THEY INTERACT CONTROLS 

488
00:17:29,131 --> 00:17:31,166
HOW FAST EARTH RECOVERS FROM 

489
00:17:31,166 --> 00:17:33,435
THESE GEO MAGNETIC STORMS. 

490
00:17:33,435 --> 00:17:36,071
BECAUSE THE INTERACTIONS BETWEEN

491
00:17:36,071 --> 00:17:40,142
EX-O ATMOSPHERIC HYDROGEN ADAMS,

492
00:17:40,142 --> 00:17:42,945
THEY CAN REDIRECT PLASMA SO IT 

493
00:17:42,945 --> 00:17:44,513
REFILLS WHEN THERE IS 

494
00:17:44,513 --> 00:17:44,913
DEPLETIONS. 

495
00:17:44,913 --> 00:17:46,815
THIS PROCESS SERVES TO REFILL 

496
00:17:46,815 --> 00:17:48,383
THOSE DEPLETIONS AND ESSENTIALLY

497
00:17:48,383 --> 00:17:50,385
HELP THE PLANET RECOVER FROM 

498
00:17:50,385 --> 00:17:51,220
THESE STORMS. 

499
00:17:51,220 --> 00:17:53,355
HAVING THE KNOWLEDGE GAP THAT WE

500
00:17:53,355 --> 00:17:56,625
HAVE -- NEXT SLIDE, PLEASE. 

501
00:17:56,625 --> 00:17:58,827
HAVING THE KNOWLEDGE GAP ABOUT 

502
00:17:58,827 --> 00:18:03,632
THESE STORMS AND THE CORE RONAL 

503
00:18:03,632 --> 00:18:05,167
MASS INJECTIONS. 

504
00:18:05,167 --> 00:18:08,670
THEY COME OFF THE SURFACE OF THE

505
00:18:08,670 --> 00:18:09,371
SUN. 

506
00:18:09,371 --> 00:18:11,974
THEY EN GOLF THE PLANET AND HOW 

507
00:18:11,974 --> 00:18:14,643
THE CORE RON KNOW CHALLENGE 

508
00:18:14,643 --> 00:18:20,582
JENKSES BIG BLOBS OF MAGNETIZED 

509
00:18:20,582 --> 00:18:22,918
PLASMAS AND THE HAZARDS TO OUR 

510
00:18:22,918 --> 00:18:25,788
TECHNOLOGICAL SYSTEMS. 

511
00:18:25,788 --> 00:18:26,989
THEY CREATE THE AURORA A 

512
00:18:26,989 --> 00:18:28,724
BEAUTIFUL MANIFESTATION OF SPACE

513
00:18:28,724 --> 00:18:32,461
WEATHER EFFECT BE, BUT THE GEO 

514
00:18:32,461 --> 00:18:36,498
CORONA INTERACTION. 

515
00:18:36,498 --> 00:18:37,533
EXOSTORYIC INTERACTION WITH 

516
00:18:37,533 --> 00:18:39,168
THESE PLASMAS IS SOMETHING WE 

517
00:18:39,168 --> 00:18:42,571
NEED TO DO A BETTER JOB OF 

518
00:18:42,571 --> 00:18:42,971
MENTIONING. 

519
00:18:42,971 --> 00:18:48,510
OUR JOB WITH THE GEOCORONA 

520
00:18:48,510 --> 00:18:48,944
OBSERVATORY. 

521
00:18:48,944 --> 00:18:50,579
BUILDING ON DR. CURRUTHERS'S 

522
00:18:50,579 --> 00:18:52,347
LEGACY, WE DON'T HAVE A SINGLE 

523
00:18:52,347 --> 00:18:54,116
CAM THAT THAT ONLY POINTS IN ONE

524
00:18:54,116 --> 00:18:55,417
DIRECTION AND TAKE FEW 

525
00:18:55,417 --> 00:18:55,851
PHOTOGRAPHS. 

526
00:18:55,851 --> 00:18:57,386
WE HAVE AN ENTIRE OBSERVATORY 

527
00:18:57,386 --> 00:19:00,255
THAT IS ABLE TO TAKE A FEW GAMES

528
00:19:00,255 --> 00:19:02,891
EVERY HOUR, HOUR AFTER HOUR, DAY

529
00:19:02,891 --> 00:19:04,259
AFTER DAY, FOR YEARS. 

530
00:19:04,259 --> 00:19:05,627
SO YOU CAN SEE THEY IS A PICTURE

531
00:19:05,627 --> 00:19:06,728
YOU HAVE OUR SATELLITE. 

532
00:19:06,728 --> 00:19:08,463
WE HAVE A FIXED SOLAR PANEL ON 

533
00:19:08,463 --> 00:19:09,064
ONE SIDE. 

534
00:19:09,064 --> 00:19:10,866
WE HAVE TWO CAMERAS. 

535
00:19:10,866 --> 00:19:13,468
ONE IS A WIDE FIELD CAMERA THAT 

536
00:19:13,468 --> 00:19:17,973
CAN CAPTURE THE ENTIRE EX-O 

537
00:19:17,973 --> 00:19:20,909
ATMOSPHERE IN ONE IMAGE AND 

538
00:19:20,909 --> 00:19:22,945
TARGETING THE CENTER NEAR THE 

539
00:19:22,945 --> 00:19:28,183
EARTH WHERE THE EXOSPHERE 

540
00:19:28,183 --> 00:19:28,584
ORIGINATES. 

541
00:19:28,584 --> 00:19:29,318
NEXT SLIDE, PLEASE. 

542
00:19:29,318 --> 00:19:31,119
WHAT WE WILL BE DOING IS HEADED 

543
00:19:31,119 --> 00:19:34,223
OUT AFTER OUR LAUNCH OUT TO L-1.

544
00:19:34,223 --> 00:19:36,225
ONCE WE REACH L-1. 

545
00:19:36,225 --> 00:19:37,426
WE ARE ABLE TO TURN AROUND. 

546
00:19:37,426 --> 00:19:39,361
YOU CAN SO THEY IS MUCH FURTHER 

547
00:19:39,361 --> 00:19:41,129
THAN LUNAR ORBIT. 

548
00:19:41,129 --> 00:19:43,165
FOUR TIMES FURTHER THAN LUNAR OR

549
00:19:43,165 --> 00:19:43,498
BIT. 

550
00:19:43,498 --> 00:19:44,700
WE WILL BE TURNING AROUND AND 

551
00:19:44,700 --> 00:19:47,102
LOOK CAN BACK ON EARTH ON A 

552
00:19:47,102 --> 00:19:48,470
NEARLY CONTINUAL BASIS. 

553
00:19:48,470 --> 00:19:50,339
WITH THESE PICTURES ABLE TO SEE 

554
00:19:50,339 --> 00:19:52,274
-- ESSENTIALLY TURN THE PICTURES

555
00:19:52,274 --> 00:19:54,376
INTO MOVIES AND WATCH EXACTLY 

556
00:19:54,376 --> 00:19:55,944
WHAT HAPPENS WHEN A SOLAR STORM 

557
00:19:55,944 --> 00:19:57,880
HITS THE EARTH. 

558
00:19:57,880 --> 00:20:02,417
HOW THE EXOSPHERE EVOLVES OVER 

559
00:20:02,417 --> 00:20:04,086
TIME AND HOW ARE WE COVER WITH 

560
00:20:04,086 --> 00:20:05,053
THE STORM. 

561
00:20:05,053 --> 00:20:06,555
WE WILL BE ABLE TO ADVANCE OUR 

562
00:20:06,555 --> 00:20:07,789
SPACE WEATHER FORECASTING WITH 

563
00:20:07,789 --> 00:20:09,925
THE NEW KNOWLEDGE WE GAIN 

564
00:20:09,925 --> 00:20:10,893
BUILDING ON DR. GEORGE 

565
00:20:10,893 --> 00:20:11,693
CURRUTHERS'S LEGACY. 

566
00:20:11,693 --> 00:20:13,428
WE ARE SO EXCITED TO DO THAT. 

567
00:20:13,428 --> 00:20:13,829
THANK YOU. 

568
00:20:13,829 --> 00:20:15,964
WITH THAT, I WILL TURN IT OVER 

569
00:20:15,964 --> 00:20:16,498
TO JAME. 

570
00:20:16,498 --> 00:20:18,000
THANK YOU, LAURA. 

571
00:20:18,000 --> 00:20:18,500
GOOD AFTERNOON. 

572
00:20:18,500 --> 00:20:20,769
I WILL SHARE A LITTLE BIT OF 

573
00:20:20,769 --> 00:20:22,838
NASA SPACE WEATHER PROGRAM AND 

574
00:20:22,838 --> 00:20:25,941
OUR ROLE IN THE INTERAGENCY AND 

575
00:20:25,941 --> 00:20:31,880
MY FRIENDS CLINTON AND JIM WILL 

576
00:20:31,880 --> 00:20:32,648
TALK OF NOAA'S ROLE IN THAT. 

577
00:20:32,648 --> 00:20:36,351
YOU WERE WATCHING THE BRIEFING 

578
00:20:36,351 --> 00:20:38,487
BEFORE THIS ONE WAS DR. NIKKI 

579
00:20:38,487 --> 00:20:40,155
FOX GIVING ME A BOOST WHAT I 

580
00:20:40,155 --> 00:20:42,391
WILL BE TALKING ABOUT IN THE 

581
00:20:42,391 --> 00:20:43,425
NEXT FEW MINUTES. 

582
00:20:43,425 --> 00:20:44,259
FIRST CHART, PLEASE. 

583
00:20:44,259 --> 00:20:46,094
WHAT WE WILL SEE ON THE CHART A 

584
00:20:46,094 --> 00:20:47,362
SIMULATION FROM A FEW MIRACLE 

585
00:20:47,362 --> 00:20:50,132
MODEL .WHAT THIS MODEL 

586
00:20:50,132 --> 00:20:52,367
REPRESENTS IS THE BEST OF 

587
00:20:52,367 --> 00:20:53,802
HUMANITY. 

588
00:20:53,802 --> 00:20:55,404
CUTTING EDGE OF SPACE WEATHER 

589
00:20:55,404 --> 00:20:56,004
MODELING. 

590
00:20:56,004 --> 00:20:56,538
RESEARCH EDGE. 

591
00:20:56,538 --> 00:20:58,407
AND GATHER TO UNDERSTAND THE 

592
00:20:58,407 --> 00:20:59,608
PHYSICAL SYSTEM MORE AND MORE. 

593
00:20:59,608 --> 00:21:01,143
THIS REPRESENTS SOME OF THE 

594
00:21:01,143 --> 00:21:02,811
CUTTING EDGE CAPABILITY OF 

595
00:21:02,811 --> 00:21:04,579
HUMANITY TO MODEL SPACE WEATHER.

596
00:21:04,579 --> 00:21:05,981
REALLY ON THE OF RESEARCH SIDE 

597
00:21:05,981 --> 00:21:07,749
OF THINGS THOUGH. 

598
00:21:07,749 --> 00:21:09,384
THIS IS REALLY DRIVEN BY -- AND 

599
00:21:09,384 --> 00:21:12,587
THESE KIND OF MODELS ARE THE 

600
00:21:12,587 --> 00:21:15,824
TANGIBLE OUTCOME OF SCIENTIFIC 

601
00:21:15,824 --> 00:21:17,459
DISCOVERY AND DATA COLLECTION 

602
00:21:17,459 --> 00:21:19,294
THAT DRIVES TOWARD. 

603
00:21:19,294 --> 00:21:21,296
SAME WAY THROUGH HURRICANES AND 

604
00:21:21,296 --> 00:21:21,997
SEVERE WEATHER. 

605
00:21:21,997 --> 00:21:23,432
SAME HOLDS TRUE FOR SPACE 

606
00:21:23,432 --> 00:21:23,899
WEATHER. 

607
00:21:23,899 --> 00:21:25,667
A LOT OF THIS WORK REALLY 

608
00:21:25,667 --> 00:21:26,702
CULMINATES IN THIS. 

609
00:21:26,702 --> 00:21:28,236
NOT REALLY THE END OF THE STORY 

610
00:21:28,236 --> 00:21:31,273
WHEN IT COMES TO NASA SCIENCE. 

611
00:21:31,273 --> 00:21:33,675
WE DON'T END AT DISCOVERY MAP 

612
00:21:33,675 --> 00:21:36,611
SHAKE SURE THIS IS VALUABLE AND 

613
00:21:36,611 --> 00:21:36,945
USEFUL. 

614
00:21:36,945 --> 00:21:39,281
AND IS WHETHER: NASA SPACE 

615
00:21:39,281 --> 00:21:40,182
WEATHER PROGRAMS COMES IN. 

616
00:21:40,182 --> 00:21:43,852
WE UNDERSTAND THE NEED SOCIETY. 

617
00:21:43,852 --> 00:21:45,754
AND PULL OF SCIENCE TO DRIVE 

618
00:21:45,754 --> 00:21:47,255
MORE ACCURATE FORECAST OF SPACE 

619
00:21:47,255 --> 00:21:47,956
WEATHER. 

620
00:21:47,956 --> 00:21:50,525
LET'S GO TO THE NEXT CHART, 

621
00:21:50,525 --> 00:21:50,859
PLEASE. 

622
00:21:50,859 --> 00:21:52,361
AND WITH THAT, I AM GOING TO 

623
00:21:52,361 --> 00:21:54,029
TALK TO YOU A LITTLE BIT ABOUT 

624
00:21:54,029 --> 00:21:55,497
WHAT CAN DRIVE THE WORK WE DOE 

625
00:21:55,497 --> 00:21:57,232
WITHIN THAT NASA SPACE WEATHER 

626
00:21:57,232 --> 00:21:58,467
PROGRAM BY ACTUALLY TAKING A 

627
00:21:58,467 --> 00:21:59,935
STEP BACK TO LAST YEAR. 

628
00:21:59,935 --> 00:22:02,037
YOU HEARD MENTION OF THE MAY 2/4

629
00:22:02,037 --> 00:22:02,537
SOLAR STORM. 

630
00:22:02,537 --> 00:22:04,606
WHAT YOU SEE ON THE CHART THERE 

631
00:22:04,606 --> 00:22:06,742
ARE SOME OF THE EXAMPLES OF THE 

632
00:22:06,742 --> 00:22:09,311
BEAUTIFUL AURORA ACROSS THE 

633
00:22:09,311 --> 00:22:09,644
PLANET. 

634
00:22:09,644 --> 00:22:11,613
WE SAW WORLDWIDE IMPACT OF THE 

635
00:22:11,613 --> 00:22:11,947
STORM. 

636
00:22:11,947 --> 00:22:14,816
WHAT DOES THAT MEAN OF NASA 

637
00:22:14,816 --> 00:22:15,183
SCIENCE. 

638
00:22:15,183 --> 00:22:16,785
WHAT IT MEANS US TO, WE REALIZE 

639
00:22:16,785 --> 00:22:17,953
A LOT WE STILL DON'T KNOW WHEN 

640
00:22:17,953 --> 00:22:19,254
IT COMES TO SPACE WEATHER. 

641
00:22:19,254 --> 00:22:21,890
HAS TO DRIVE THE SCIENCE WE DO 

642
00:22:21,890 --> 00:22:23,892
BY UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACTS ON 

643
00:22:23,892 --> 00:22:25,260
THE REAL WORLD SITUATION. 

644
00:22:25,260 --> 00:22:27,162
THINGS ON THE TOP, IN THE MIDDLE

645
00:22:27,162 --> 00:22:29,131
YOU SEE EVIDENCE OF SOME OF THE 

646
00:22:29,131 --> 00:22:30,298
COMMERCIAL AVIATION TRACKS HAVE 

647
00:22:30,298 --> 00:22:32,100
TO CHANGE BASED ON THAT SOLAR 

648
00:22:32,100 --> 00:22:32,567
STORM. 

649
00:22:32,567 --> 00:22:34,269
ACTUALLY THE DATA COMING OFF OF 

650
00:22:34,269 --> 00:22:36,471
IMAP IS REALLY GOING TO BE 

651
00:22:36,471 --> 00:22:36,938
REVOLUTIONARY. 

652
00:22:36,938 --> 00:22:38,206
AND SOME OF THE MODELS WE BUILT 

653
00:22:38,206 --> 00:22:39,741
THAT FEED INTO THE DECISION 

654
00:22:39,741 --> 00:22:41,576
MAKING ON THE AVIATION SIDE, 

655
00:22:41,576 --> 00:22:43,011
ADVANCING THOSE MODELS IN A 

656
00:22:43,011 --> 00:22:44,413
RESEARCH SETTING. 

657
00:22:44,413 --> 00:22:46,181
GETTING READY TO TRANSLATE THEM 

658
00:22:46,181 --> 00:22:49,551
OVER TO NOAA TO HELP WITH THE 

659
00:22:49,551 --> 00:22:51,286
NATION AND AN ACCURATE FORECAST.

660
00:22:51,286 --> 00:22:53,055
AS LAURA WAS JUST MENTIONING ON 

661
00:22:53,055 --> 00:22:54,056
THE CURRUTHERS SIDE, THERE ARE 

662
00:22:54,056 --> 00:22:56,725
THINGS WE SIMPLY DO NOT KNOW YET

663
00:22:56,725 --> 00:22:58,593
ABOUT THE UPPER ATMOSPHERE WE IS

664
00:22:58,593 --> 00:23:00,662
THE FRONTIER SCIENTIFICALLY AND 

665
00:23:00,662 --> 00:23:02,297
INTERACTION WITH THE SUN AND 

666
00:23:02,297 --> 00:23:04,566
IMPACT ON SPACE WEATHER. 

667
00:23:04,566 --> 00:23:06,902
OUR MODELS RIGHT NOW DON'T 

668
00:23:06,902 --> 00:23:07,936
CONTAIN THE PHYSICAL SYSTEM 

669
00:23:07,936 --> 00:23:08,370
WITHIN THEM. 

670
00:23:08,370 --> 00:23:10,539
THEY ARE NOT ACCURATE BEING ABLE

671
00:23:10,539 --> 00:23:12,974
TO PREDICT THESE THINGS. 

672
00:23:12,974 --> 00:23:14,209
YOUR HURRICANE MODEL DID NOT 

673
00:23:14,209 --> 00:23:15,811
INCLUDE THE OCEANS IN IT. 

674
00:23:15,811 --> 00:23:17,579
NO WAY TO PRODUCE ACCURATE 

675
00:23:17,579 --> 00:23:17,946
FORECAST. 

676
00:23:17,946 --> 00:23:19,648
KIND OF DISCOVERY WITH THIS 

677
00:23:19,648 --> 00:23:21,249
SCIENCE MISSION TO WORK WITH THE

678
00:23:21,249 --> 00:23:22,884
MODE ELSE COMMUNITY TO DRIVE IN 

679
00:23:22,884 --> 00:23:24,886
ON THE MORE ACCURATE FORECAST ON

680
00:23:24,886 --> 00:23:25,587
THE SORE SIDE. 

681
00:23:25,587 --> 00:23:27,122
WE GO TO THE FINAL CHART, YOU 

682
00:23:27,122 --> 00:23:30,425
MAY BE FAMILIAR WITH THE MAY 

683
00:23:30,425 --> 00:23:32,828
2024 STOVRP STORM AND AURORA AND

684
00:23:32,828 --> 00:23:34,930
THE IMPACTS ON EARTH. 

685
00:23:34,930 --> 00:23:36,264
ING FROM A NASA PERSPECTIVE. 

686
00:23:36,264 --> 00:23:38,467
TEN DAYS LATER FROM THE SAME SUN

687
00:23:38,467 --> 00:23:40,502
SPOT REGION SAW THE LARGEST 

688
00:23:40,502 --> 00:23:42,537
SOLAR RADIATION STORM WE EVER 

689
00:23:42,537 --> 00:23:44,673
OBSERVED AT MARS. 

690
00:23:44,673 --> 00:23:46,308
DATA SETS ARE SOME OF THE IMAGES

691
00:23:46,308 --> 00:23:50,846
FROM ONE OF THE ROVERS. 

692
00:23:50,846 --> 00:23:52,481
YOU SEE THE SPECKS IN THAT, THAT

693
00:23:52,481 --> 00:23:54,416
IS THE CHARGED PARTICLES HITTING

694
00:23:54,416 --> 00:23:55,517
THE CAMERA. 

695
00:23:55,517 --> 00:23:59,187
AND MAVEN, A PLAN FOR REACH 

696
00:23:59,187 --> 00:24:02,357
SITUATION ORBITING MARS. 

697
00:24:02,357 --> 00:24:05,994
AURORA AT MARS. 

698
00:24:05,994 --> 00:24:07,529
PLANETK LIGHT UP NOT JUST HERE 

699
00:24:07,529 --> 00:24:08,163
IN EARTH. 

700
00:24:08,163 --> 00:24:10,632
WHAT DOES THE MISSIONS MEAN WHEN

701
00:24:10,632 --> 00:24:12,534
THINK OF MARS. 

702
00:24:12,534 --> 00:24:14,402
INTERESTING DATA SETS AS WE GO 

703
00:24:14,402 --> 00:24:15,637
TO THE MOON. 

704
00:24:15,637 --> 00:24:18,940
PATHFINDERS TO USE THIS 

705
00:24:18,940 --> 00:24:19,307
LOCATION. 

706
00:24:19,307 --> 00:24:21,343
>> SPACE, THE LAGRANGE ONE. 

707
00:24:21,343 --> 00:24:24,312
AND SAME THING IS TRUE FOR MARS 

708
00:24:24,312 --> 00:24:29,084
USING THE L-1. .LEARN THINGS 

709
00:24:29,084 --> 00:24:32,821
FROM IMAP, SWFO-L1 AND 

710
00:24:32,821 --> 00:24:34,823
CURRUTHERS TO HELP MAKE AN 

711
00:24:34,823 --> 00:24:36,324
ACCURATE FROEL TO SEND HUMANS ON

712
00:24:36,324 --> 00:24:37,792
THE NEXT JOURNEY. 

713
00:24:37,792 --> 00:24:40,395
THAT DAUNTING TASK MY PARTNER 

714
00:24:40,395 --> 00:24:45,066
WITH NOAA OF HOW WE DO SPACE 

715
00:24:45,066 --> 00:24:45,433
TRAINING. 

716
00:24:45,433 --> 00:24:47,469
>> AT A GRANGE ONE. 

717
00:24:47,469 --> 00:24:49,738
IT WILL BE WORLD'S FIRST 

718
00:24:49,738 --> 00:24:50,438
DEDICATED OPERATIONAL SPACE 

719
00:24:50,438 --> 00:24:51,072
WEATHER SATELLITE. 

720
00:24:51,072 --> 00:24:53,208
WE ARE GOING TO PLACE A BUOY IN 

721
00:24:53,208 --> 00:24:55,210
SPACE A MILLION MILES FROM EARTH

722
00:24:55,210 --> 00:24:57,646
TO SAFEGUARD OUR WAY OF LIFE. 

723
00:24:57,646 --> 00:24:59,648
IT IS GOING TO SPOT SOLAR STORMS

724
00:24:59,648 --> 00:25:00,582
WITHIN MINUTES. 

725
00:25:00,582 --> 00:25:03,018
SO WE AT THE SPACE WEATHER 

726
00:25:03,018 --> 00:25:05,654
PREDICTION CENTER CAN HELP KEEP 

727
00:25:05,654 --> 00:25:08,323
THE LIGHTS ON, PLANES FLYING AND

728
00:25:08,323 --> 00:25:08,823
SATELLITES SAFE. 

729
00:25:08,823 --> 00:25:11,626
IF WE CAN HAVE THE FIRST VIDEO. 

730
00:25:11,626 --> 00:25:13,328
FIRST VIDEO SHOWS OUR OPERATION 

731
00:25:13,328 --> 00:25:14,396
CENTER AT THE SPACE WEATHER 

732
00:25:14,396 --> 00:25:17,399
PREDICTION CENTER .AT THE SPACE 

733
00:25:17,399 --> 00:25:23,538
WEATHER PREDICTION CENTER OR 

734
00:25:23,538 --> 00:25:24,172
SWFO-L1. 

735
00:25:24,172 --> 00:25:26,007
TO HAVE PRECIOUS TIME TO ACT 

736
00:25:26,007 --> 00:25:28,577
BEFORE BILLION DOLLARS STORMS 

737
00:25:28,577 --> 00:25:28,910
STRIKE. 

738
00:25:28,910 --> 00:25:33,949
OUR POWER GRIDS CAN'T AIRED FOR 

739
00:25:33,949 --> 00:25:34,449
SURPRISE HISSED. 

740
00:25:34,449 --> 00:25:36,618
SWFO-L1 WILL GIVE GRID OPERATORS

741
00:25:36,618 --> 00:25:39,721
TIME TO WERE DISTRICT GRID 

742
00:25:39,721 --> 00:25:41,656
ATMOSPHERE AND PREVENT BLACKOUT.

743
00:25:41,656 --> 00:25:43,625
SOLAR STORMS CAN DRAG DOWN 

744
00:25:43,625 --> 00:25:44,025
SATELLITES. 

745
00:25:44,025 --> 00:25:46,528
THEY CAN SHORTEN THEIR LIVES AND

746
00:25:46,528 --> 00:25:48,530
RAISE COLLISION RISKS. 

747
00:25:48,530 --> 00:25:50,732
SWFO-L1 WILL ALLOW US TO PROVIDE

748
00:25:50,732 --> 00:25:52,234
THE CRITICAL INFORMATION THAT 

749
00:25:52,234 --> 00:25:54,970
THEY NEED TO PROTECT THEM. 

750
00:25:54,970 --> 00:25:58,673
SOLAR STORMS CAN DISRUPT GPS 

751
00:25:58,673 --> 00:26:01,076
AFFECTING PILOTS NAVIGATING 

752
00:26:01,076 --> 00:26:03,011
ACROSS THE GLOBE AS WE SAW IN 

753
00:26:03,011 --> 00:26:05,447
THE MAY STORM EVER OF 2024. 

754
00:26:05,447 --> 00:26:07,749
SWFO-L1 WILL HELP US KEEP LIFE 

755
00:26:07,749 --> 00:26:10,051
-- DAILY LIFE ON TRACK. 

756
00:26:10,051 --> 00:26:13,421
SATELLITES THAT RERELIED ON AT 

757
00:26:13,421 --> 00:26:16,358
SWIFT-C FOR DECADE IS AGING OUT.

758
00:26:16,358 --> 00:26:19,327
IT IS A MODERATE INVESTMENT THAT

759
00:26:19,327 --> 00:26:20,629
KEEPS WARNINGS FLOWING AND ARMED

760
00:26:20,629 --> 00:26:24,065
WITH THE LATEST TECHNOLOGICAL 

761
00:26:24,065 --> 00:26:24,499
ADVANCEMENTS. 

762
00:26:24,499 --> 00:26:26,134
AFTER 30 YEARS OF EXCEPTIONAL 

763
00:26:26,134 --> 00:26:28,837
SERVICE, SOHO AND ACES ARE FAR 

764
00:26:28,837 --> 00:26:31,139
PAST THEIR DESIGN LIVES. 

765
00:26:31,139 --> 00:26:33,842
THEY STILL WORK SUPERBLY, BUT 

766
00:26:33,842 --> 00:26:35,744
QUICKLY APPROACHING THEIR 

767
00:26:35,744 --> 00:26:36,845
MISSION END. 

768
00:26:36,845 --> 00:26:39,881
SWFO-L1 IS THE OPERATIONAL 

769
00:26:39,881 --> 00:26:45,520
REPLACEMENT OFFERING THAT SWIPC 

770
00:26:45,520 --> 00:26:46,755
HAVE RELIABLE WITHIN MINUTES 

771
00:26:46,755 --> 00:26:48,156
INSTEAD OF HOURS THAT WE ARE 

772
00:26:48,156 --> 00:26:50,959
ABLE TO DO IN THE WAS. 

773
00:26:50,959 --> 00:26:54,195
SWFO-L1 COMBINES THE BEST OF 

774
00:26:54,195 --> 00:26:57,966
THESE PILOTS, SOHO. 

775
00:26:57,966 --> 00:26:59,401
AND I CAN'T SUPPORT ENOUGH THE 

776
00:26:59,401 --> 00:27:02,070
SUPPORT OF MISSIONS LIKE LAMB 

777
00:27:02,070 --> 00:27:03,738
AND CURRUTHERS AND THE MISSION 

778
00:27:03,738 --> 00:27:05,040
TECHNOLOGIES WE WILL RELY ON 

779
00:27:05,040 --> 00:27:07,409
OPERATIONALLY IN THE FUTURE. 

780
00:27:07,409 --> 00:27:13,415
SO -- FOR DECADES. 

781
00:27:13,415 --> 00:27:15,650
IF I CAN GET ITS NEXT VIDEO 

782
00:27:15,650 --> 00:27:16,885
PLEASE. 

783
00:27:16,885 --> 00:27:20,689
FOR DECADES REPLIED 

784
00:27:20,689 --> 00:27:23,658
ON SOHO'S CO

785
00:27:23,658 --> 00:27:26,394
COROOGRAPH. 

786
00:27:26,394 --> 00:27:27,996
WITH IMAP AND CURRUTHERS AND 

787
00:27:27,996 --> 00:27:31,866
OTHERS, OUR FIRST CHRONOGRAPH 

788
00:27:31,866 --> 00:27:34,402
AND SOME OF THAT IN THIS 

789
00:27:34,402 --> 00:27:39,474
ANIMATION. 

790
00:27:39,474 --> 00:27:41,676
DID LARGE. 

791
00:27:41,676 --> 00:27:43,611
SWFO-L1 WILL OUR INSURANCE 

792
00:27:43,611 --> 00:27:44,679
POLICY THAT KEEPS AMERICA SPACE 

793
00:27:44,679 --> 00:27:45,747
WEATHER READY. 

794
00:27:45,747 --> 00:27:47,716
PROVIDES THE CONTINUITY OFS THAT

795
00:27:47,716 --> 00:27:50,118
ARE CRITICAL FOR THE FORECAST, 

796
00:27:50,118 --> 00:27:52,087
WATCHES AND WARNINGS ON 

797
00:27:52,087 --> 00:27:57,625
EMPENDING SOLAR STORMS. 

798
00:27:57,625 --> 00:27:59,794
SWEFZ SWIFZ, OUR ABILITY TO 

799
00:27:59,794 --> 00:28:00,462
WARN WILL QUICKLY FADE. 

800
00:28:00,462 --> 00:28:03,398
EVERYTHING WE TO DO PROTECT 

801
00:28:03,398 --> 00:28:05,300
TECHNOLOGY WITH SOLAR STORMS 

802
00:28:05,300 --> 00:28:06,768
STARTS WITH OBSERVATIONS. 

803
00:28:06,768 --> 00:28:08,470
SWFO-L1 IN THE FIRST OF A NEW 

804
00:28:08,470 --> 00:28:10,438
GENERATION OF ESSENTIAL FELL INS

805
00:28:10,438 --> 00:28:11,840
ENSURE THAT AMERICA'S 

806
00:28:11,840 --> 00:28:15,577
TECHNOLOGIES AND AMERICA STAYS 

807
00:28:15,577 --> 00:28:15,977
RESILIENT. 

808
00:28:15,977 --> 00:28:19,514
NOAA AGENCIES'S FLAG SHIFT IN A 

809
00:28:19,514 --> 00:28:23,685
NEW FLEETS OF SPACE WEATHER 

810
00:28:23,685 --> 00:28:25,553
SATELLITEP. UNDER THE WATCHLE 

811
00:28:25,553 --> 00:28:28,423
DIES OF SWFO-L1, THEY ARE IT 

812
00:28:28,423 --> 00:28:29,891
SHOWING NOT ONLY TECHNOLOGY BUT 

813
00:28:29,891 --> 00:28:36,197
ECONOMY AND DAILY LIVES. 

814
00:28:36,197 --> 00:28:38,233
SWFO-L1 IS OUR LIFELINE FOR 

815
00:28:38,233 --> 00:28:39,901
KEEPING PLANES FLYING AND LIGHTS

816
00:28:39,901 --> 00:28:41,703
ON AND AMERICA IS READY FOR 

817
00:28:41,703 --> 00:28:42,904
WHATEVER SUN SENDS OUR WAY. 

818
00:28:42,904 --> 00:28:46,541
WITH THAT NOTE, I WILL TURN IT 

819
00:28:46,541 --> 00:28:47,709
OVER TO MY GOOD FRIEND AND 

820
00:28:47,709 --> 00:28:52,180
COLLEAGUE JIM SPANN TO TALK MORE

821
00:28:52,180 --> 00:28:52,847
OF THE INSTRUMENTATIONING.

822
00:28:52,847 --> 00:28:53,815
>> THANK YOU, CLINTON, AND 

823
00:28:53,815 --> 00:28:55,617
EVERYBODY SETTING THE STAGE. 

824
00:28:55,617 --> 00:28:56,785
I APPRECIATE IT. 

825
00:28:56,785 --> 00:28:58,953
I WILL SHARE A LITTLE BIT OF 

826
00:28:58,953 --> 00:29:00,455
NOAA'S OFFICE OF SPACE WEATHER 

827
00:29:00,455 --> 00:29:00,855
OPERATIONS.

828
00:29:00,855 --> 00:29:02,557
THIS IS THE TEAM THAT BUILDS AND

829
00:29:02,557 --> 00:29:05,794
OPERATES ITS EYES AND EARS IN 

830
00:29:05,794 --> 00:29:07,529
SPACE. 

831
00:29:07,529 --> 00:29:10,565
BASICALLY, JILL MENTIONED THE 

832
00:29:10,565 --> 00:29:12,033
COSMIC CARPOOL. 

833
00:29:12,033 --> 00:29:13,568
A GREAT ANALOGY. 

834
00:29:13,568 --> 00:29:15,904
ON THAT TRIP, THE SWFO-L1 WILL 

835
00:29:15,904 --> 00:29:17,939
BE PHONING BACK TO SAY, 

836
00:29:17,939 --> 00:29:19,374
EVERYTHING IS COOL. 

837
00:29:19,374 --> 00:29:20,742
BETTER WATCH OUT, BECAUSE THE 

838
00:29:20,742 --> 00:29:22,610
SUN IS DOING THIS. 

839
00:29:22,610 --> 00:29:24,446
PROVIDING REALTIME DATA BACK US 

840
00:29:24,446 --> 00:29:26,414
TO SO AS WE CAN GENERATE THOSE 

841
00:29:26,414 --> 00:29:29,984
WARNINGS AND ALERTS. 

842
00:29:29,984 --> 00:29:30,952
AT THE SAME TIME, COMPLIMENT ALL

843
00:29:30,952 --> 00:29:33,288
THE GREAT SCIENCE FROM IMAP AND 

844
00:29:33,288 --> 00:29:33,922
CURRUTHERS AND OTHERS. 

845
00:29:33,922 --> 00:29:38,059
SO SWO, THE SPACE WEATHER 

846
00:29:38,059 --> 00:29:40,895
OBSERVATIONS OFFICE DEVELOPS AND

847
00:29:40,895 --> 00:29:42,363
SUSTAINS SATELLITE THAT PROVIDE 

848
00:29:42,363 --> 00:29:44,566
THESE ESSENTIAL DATAS DAY IN AND

849
00:29:44,566 --> 00:29:46,968
DAY OUT FOR OUR NATION'S SPACE 

850
00:29:46,968 --> 00:29:47,502
WEATHER SERVICES. 

851
00:29:47,502 --> 00:29:50,805
I WILL POINT OUT WHY THIS IS 

852
00:29:50,805 --> 00:29:52,807
NOAA PROGRAM, DONE WITH THE 

853
00:29:52,807 --> 00:29:54,042
JOINT PROGRAM OFFICE BETWEEN 

854
00:29:54,042 --> 00:29:55,577
NASA AND NOAA. 

855
00:29:55,577 --> 00:29:57,145
AGAIN, NOT ONLY FLYING TOGETHER 

856
00:29:57,145 --> 00:29:59,981
AND CARPOOLING TOGETHER, WE WORK

857
00:29:59,981 --> 00:30:02,817
ON EACH OTHER IN TERMS OF 

858
00:30:02,817 --> 00:30:05,186
BUILDING THESE SPACECRAFT. 

859
00:30:05,186 --> 00:30:07,055
SO WE DO THIS TO HELP CREATE 

860
00:30:07,055 --> 00:30:08,656
SPACE WEATHER READY NATION. 

861
00:30:08,656 --> 00:30:10,024
YOU HEARD THAT PHRASE QUITE A 

862
00:30:10,024 --> 00:30:10,325
BIT. 

863
00:30:10,325 --> 00:30:16,364
IT IS CRUCIAL LONG-TERM 

864
00:30:16,364 --> 00:30:18,933
RESPONSIBILITY, ESPECIALLY SINCE

865
00:30:18,933 --> 00:30:19,901
OUR SATURDAYS IS MORE DEPENDENT 

866
00:30:19,901 --> 00:30:21,636
INCIDENT ON SPACE AND ON THE 

867
00:30:21,636 --> 00:30:23,471
GROUND RESPONSIBLE FOR SOLAR 

868
00:30:23,471 --> 00:30:25,340
EVENTS. 

869
00:30:25,340 --> 00:30:27,775
DATA CAN HE COLLECT ARE SWIFT 

870
00:30:27,775 --> 00:30:29,511
SWIFT-C TO GENERATE THE WARNINGS

871
00:30:29,511 --> 00:30:31,880
AND FORECAST TO PROTECT OUR 

872
00:30:31,880 --> 00:30:33,281
VITAL INFRASTRUCTURE AS CLINTON 

873
00:30:33,281 --> 00:30:34,516
ALREADY MENTIONED. 

874
00:30:34,516 --> 00:30:35,950
WHAT ABOUT SWFO-L1?

875
00:30:35,950 --> 00:30:37,919
AGAIN, I'M JUST GOING TO REPEAT,

876
00:30:37,919 --> 00:30:41,222
OUR NEWEST PURPOSE-BUILT 

877
00:30:41,222 --> 00:30:41,623
SATELLITE. 

878
00:30:41,623 --> 00:30:44,893
IT IS A CORNERSTONE OF NOAA'S 

879
00:30:44,893 --> 00:30:46,594
STRATEGY TO HAVE A CONTINUOUS 

880
00:30:46,594 --> 00:30:48,630
FLEE OF SPACE WEATHER DATA. 

881
00:30:48,630 --> 00:30:50,965
GOING TO BE GOING TO L-1. 

882
00:30:50,965 --> 00:30:53,868
WHERE WE ARE BEGINNING THIS 

883
00:30:53,868 --> 00:30:59,073
CORNERSTONE DEVELOPMENT OF A 

884
00:30:59,073 --> 00:31:00,708
NETWORK OF SPACE WEATHER 

885
00:31:00,708 --> 00:31:01,142
OBSERVATIONS. 

886
00:31:01,142 --> 00:31:01,876
IT WILL NOT QUIT THERE AND 

887
00:31:01,876 --> 00:31:03,611
CONTINUE TO ENSURE THAT WE HAVE 

888
00:31:03,611 --> 00:31:06,214
SEATS THERE, BUT ALSO LOOKING AT

889
00:31:06,214 --> 00:31:08,650
OTHER ASPECTS OF SPACE WEATHER. 

890
00:31:08,650 --> 00:31:10,885
SWFO-L1 IS AN EARLY MORNING 

891
00:31:10,885 --> 00:31:13,121
SYSTEM IN A SENSE THAT IT SENSES

892
00:31:13,121 --> 00:31:15,723
-- IT WILL BE TRACKING AND 

893
00:31:15,723 --> 00:31:20,228
LOOKING AT THE SUN WITH THE CORE

894
00:31:20,228 --> 00:31:26,768
CORE CORONAGRAPH OF THE CME ARE 

895
00:31:26,768 --> 00:31:31,105
CORE RON KNOW INJECTIONS AND THE

896
00:31:31,105 --> 00:31:34,976
SOLAR WIND IN THAT AS IT LOFS TO

897
00:31:34,976 --> 00:31:37,045
EVERY SWIFTZ AT L 1. 

898
00:31:37,045 --> 00:31:39,347
NOT ONLY A WARNING SIGN, BUT 

899
00:31:39,347 --> 00:31:40,515
ENSURES THAT DATA CONTINUITY. 

900
00:31:40,515 --> 00:31:42,951
WE MENTIONED THE FAB LUGS JOB 

901
00:31:42,951 --> 00:31:46,454
THAT ACE, SOHO AND OTHER 

902
00:31:46,454 --> 00:31:48,790
INSTRUMENTS TO SET THE STAGE AND

903
00:31:48,790 --> 00:31:52,927
BEING THE POINTY END OF THE 

904
00:31:52,927 --> 00:31:57,498
ISU SPHHERE WHAT IS NEEDED TO 

905
00:31:57,498 --> 00:31:57,832
ANSWER. 

906
00:31:57,832 --> 00:31:59,233
STEPS BACK UP THESE ARE WHAT WE 

907
00:31:59,233 --> 00:32:00,034
UNDERSTAND WE NEED. 

908
00:32:00,034 --> 00:32:05,306
AND SO IT -- AS WE DEVELOP THIS 

909
00:32:05,306 --> 00:32:06,941
CONTINUUM -- CONTINUITY OF 

910
00:32:06,941 --> 00:32:08,876
OBSERVATIONS, WE WILL HAVE THESE

911
00:32:08,876 --> 00:32:10,678
OBSERVATIONS 24-7. 

912
00:32:10,678 --> 00:32:12,714
AND AS WE LEARN MORE, WHO KNOWS 

913
00:32:12,714 --> 00:32:14,582
HOW THESE OBSERVATIONSES ARE 

914
00:32:14,582 --> 00:32:17,485
GOING TO EVOLUME LATER ON AND WE

915
00:32:17,485 --> 00:32:20,855
MAY HAVE A DIFFERENT FLEET OF 

916
00:32:20,855 --> 00:32:23,024
SPACECRAFT AT L-1 ONCE WE 

917
00:32:23,024 --> 00:32:24,525
UNDERSTAND WHAT IS NEEDED FOR 

918
00:32:24,525 --> 00:32:25,360
THE OBSERVATIONS. 

919
00:32:25,360 --> 00:32:27,295
SO ON SWFO-L1, FOUR INSTRUMENTS 

920
00:32:27,295 --> 00:32:29,197
THAT I WANT TO HIGHLIGHT. 

921
00:32:29,197 --> 00:32:30,932
IF WE COULD HAVE THE IMAGE OF 

922
00:32:30,932 --> 00:32:32,433
THE SPACECRAFT. 

923
00:32:32,433 --> 00:32:34,702
FIRST WE ALREADY MENTIONED IS 

924
00:32:34,702 --> 00:32:40,942
A COMPACT CORONAGRAPH, PICTURES 

925
00:32:40,942 --> 00:32:43,077
CAN OF ATMOSPHERE AND SPOT 

926
00:32:43,077 --> 00:32:45,113
INJECTIONS THAT ARE A LARGE 

927
00:32:45,113 --> 00:32:47,048
EXPLOSIONS AND EXPULSIONS FROM 

928
00:32:47,048 --> 00:32:50,084
SOLAR MATERIAL AND THOSE REALLY 

929
00:32:50,084 --> 00:32:51,486
DROVE THE IMPRESSIVE SPACE 

930
00:32:51,486 --> 00:32:53,921
WEATHER IMPACT WHICH ARE THE GEO

931
00:32:53,921 --> 00:32:54,722
MAGNETIC STORMS. 

932
00:32:54,722 --> 00:32:56,124
SECOND INSTRUMENT I WILL 

933
00:32:56,124 --> 00:32:58,993
HIGHLIGHT IS THE SOLAR WIND 

934
00:32:58,993 --> 00:33:01,329
PLACE MASS CENTER. 

935
00:33:01,329 --> 00:33:02,764
MEASURES THE PROPERTY OF THE 

936
00:33:02,764 --> 00:33:06,901
SOLAR WIND, ITS VELOCITY, ITS 

937
00:33:06,901 --> 00:33:08,670
DESTINY AND HELPS US UNDERSTAND 

938
00:33:08,670 --> 00:33:10,471
BETTER IN TERMS OF WHAT THE 

939
00:33:10,471 --> 00:33:12,273
CHARACTER AND THE NATURE KRF THE

940
00:33:12,273 --> 00:33:15,109
EVENT THAT IS TAKING PLACE. 

941
00:33:15,109 --> 00:33:19,380
THE THIRD IS THE MAGNETOMETER. 

942
00:33:19,380 --> 00:33:20,915
SEEMS TO ME THAT EVERY 

943
00:33:20,915 --> 00:33:24,619
SPACECRAFT SHOULD HAVE A GOOD 

944
00:33:24,619 --> 00:33:25,353
MAGNETOMETER. 

945
00:33:25,353 --> 00:33:28,456
BUTTING THAT OUT THERE NOW. 

946
00:33:28,456 --> 00:33:31,526
THIS 2001 IN A LARGE BOOM OVER 

947
00:33:31,526 --> 00:33:34,896
FIVE METER AWAY, PRISTINE 

948
00:33:34,896 --> 00:33:36,164
MAGNETIC FIELD THAT IS CRITICAL 

949
00:33:36,164 --> 00:33:37,999
OF UNDERSTANDING HOW EFFECTIVE 

950
00:33:37,999 --> 00:33:39,400
THIS SPACE WEATHER EVENT WILL BE

951
00:33:39,400 --> 00:33:41,903
IN TERMS OF GENERATE AGGIE YO 

952
00:33:41,903 --> 00:33:43,504
MAGNETIC STORM OR OTHER IMPACTS.

953
00:33:43,504 --> 00:33:46,374
THEN LASTLY, WE WILL HAVE A 

954
00:33:46,374 --> 00:33:50,978
SUPER ION THERMAL SENSOR 

955
00:33:50,978 --> 00:33:53,181
MEASURES THE HIGH ENERGY 

956
00:33:53,181 --> 00:33:54,248
PARTICLES ESSENTIAL TO 

957
00:33:54,248 --> 00:33:56,517
ASTRONAUTS AND SPACECRAFT 

958
00:33:56,517 --> 00:33:56,951
ELECTRONICS. 

959
00:33:56,951 --> 00:33:58,720
COMPLEMENT OF THOSE FOUR 

960
00:33:58,720 --> 00:33:59,554
INSTRUMENTS COMBINE THE BEST OF 

961
00:33:59,554 --> 00:34:04,092
WHAT ACE AND  SOHO HAS AND PUTS 

962
00:34:04,092 --> 00:34:05,927
IT ALL IN ONE PACKAGE. 

963
00:34:05,927 --> 00:34:09,297
AND WE WILL PROVIDE US THE 

964
00:34:09,297 --> 00:34:11,099
CONTINUOUS OBSERVATIONS 

965
00:34:11,099 --> 00:34:17,138
PROVIDING TRUTHFUL AND RELIABLE 

966
00:34:17,138 --> 00:34:19,841
DATA FOR 24-7 FOR OUR WEATHER 

967
00:34:19,841 --> 00:34:20,875
PREDICTIONS AND WARNINGS. 

968
00:34:20,875 --> 00:34:22,844
WITH THAT, I WILL TURN IT BACK 

969
00:34:22,844 --> 00:34:24,178
OVER TO SARAH. 

970
00:34:24,178 --> 00:34:24,612
>> GREAT. 

971
00:34:24,612 --> 00:34:27,148
THANK YOU, EVERYONE, FOR THOSE 

972
00:34:27,148 --> 00:34:28,116
OPENING REMARKS. 

973
00:34:28,116 --> 00:34:29,784
IT IS NOW TIME TO TAKE QUESTION.

974
00:34:29,784 --> 00:34:31,319
WHEN YOU ARE ASKING A QUESTION, 

975
00:34:31,319 --> 00:34:32,453
PLEASE TAKE IT TO ONE QUESTION 

976
00:34:32,453 --> 00:34:33,988
AND TELL US WHO YOU WANT TO 

977
00:34:33,988 --> 00:34:35,490
ANSWER THAT QUESTION. 

978
00:34:35,490 --> 00:34:37,091
REMINDER, IF YOU WERE ON THE 

979
00:34:37,091 --> 00:34:38,659
PHONE, YOU CAN GET IN THE 

980
00:34:38,659 --> 00:34:42,063
QUESTION QUEUEU QUEUE BY DIALING

981
00:34:42,063 --> 00:34:42,430
STAR 1. 

982
00:34:42,430 --> 00:34:44,432
IF YOU WERE WATCHING ONLINE, USE

983
00:34:44,432 --> 00:34:46,701
THE HASHTAG REQUESTNASA. 

984
00:34:46,701 --> 00:34:47,802
ANY QUESTIONS IN THE ROOM NUMBER

985
00:34:47,802 --> 00:34:48,636
RAISE YOUR HAND. 

986
00:34:48,636 --> 00:34:52,273
RIGHT HERE IN THE FRONT ROW. 

987
00:34:52,273 --> 00:34:57,411
>> HEY, KENT CRAMMER, SPACE UP 

988
00:34:57,411 --> 00:34:57,745
CLOSE. 

989
00:34:57,745 --> 00:34:59,080
GOOD WILL YOU CAN TO EACH OF 

990
00:34:59,080 --> 00:34:59,380
YOU. 

991
00:34:59,380 --> 00:35:03,618
IT IS VERY EXCITING. 

992
00:35:03,618 --> 00:35:06,754
START WITH PROFESSOR MAKMIS, 

993
00:35:06,754 --> 00:35:09,390
TALK OF THE INSTRUMENTS. 

994
00:35:09,390 --> 00:35:10,925
YOU HAVE TEN INSTRUMENTS ON 

995
00:35:10,925 --> 00:35:11,259
HERE. 

996
00:35:11,259 --> 00:35:13,728
TALK OF A FEW OF THEM AND THE 

997
00:35:13,728 --> 00:35:15,096
MEASUREMENTS THEY ARE GOING TO 

998
00:35:15,096 --> 00:35:15,997
MAKE, THANKS. 

999
00:35:15,997 --> 00:35:17,698
>> I CAN TALK FOR HOURS ABOUT 

1000
00:35:17,698 --> 00:35:18,733
OUR MEASUREMENTS AND I WILL TRY 

1001
00:35:18,733 --> 00:35:19,834
TO KEEP IT SHORT. 

1002
00:35:19,834 --> 00:35:21,536
WE HAVE TEN INSTRUMENTS. 

1003
00:35:21,536 --> 00:35:23,671
TWO SETS OF THREE. 

1004
00:35:23,671 --> 00:35:27,542
WE MEASURE IONS IN THE 

1005
00:35:27,542 --> 00:35:29,477
SPACECRAFT, LOW ENERGY IONS TO 

1006
00:35:29,477 --> 00:35:32,480
SOLAR WIND, SUPER PICK-UP IONS 

1007
00:35:32,480 --> 00:35:35,416
AND SUPER THERMAL PARTICLES. 

1008
00:35:35,416 --> 00:35:38,119
WE HAVE THREE ENA IMAGEERS. 

1009
00:35:38,119 --> 00:35:39,854
THEY MEASURE BASICALLY THE SAME 

1010
00:35:39,854 --> 00:35:41,189
SET OF ENERGIES. 

1011
00:35:41,189 --> 00:35:41,989
PARTICLES GOING OUT. 

1012
00:35:41,989 --> 00:35:43,925
WE MEASURE THEM. 

1013
00:35:43,925 --> 00:35:48,763
SOME OF THEM COME BACK AS 

1014
00:35:48,763 --> 00:35:49,864
ENERGETIC NEUTRAL EYEONS. 

1015
00:35:49,864 --> 00:35:51,232
THERE ARE SIX. 

1016
00:35:51,232 --> 00:35:53,434
MAGNETOMETER BECAUSE EVERYBODY 

1017
00:35:53,434 --> 00:36:00,141
THIS SHOULD A MEETING THEY 

1018
00:36:00,141 --> 00:36:04,979
WE HAVE A DUST DETECTOR. 

1019
00:36:04,979 --> 00:36:07,448
VERY LARGE DUST DETECTOR. 

1020
00:36:07,448 --> 00:36:08,549
INTERSTELLAR DUST COMES FLOATING

1021
00:36:08,549 --> 00:36:12,353
IN FROM OUTSIDE THE HELIOSPHERE 

1022
00:36:12,353 --> 00:36:15,189
AND THE LARGEST DUST DETECTOR 

1023
00:36:15,189 --> 00:36:16,424
EVERY FLOWN. 

1024
00:36:16,424 --> 00:36:18,125
100 DUST HITS FOR THE FIRST TIME

1025
00:36:18,125 --> 00:36:20,261
MORE THAN HUMANITY HAS MADE SO 

1026
00:36:20,261 --> 00:36:21,629
FAR IN THE HISTORY OF SPACE 

1027
00:36:21,629 --> 00:36:23,231
FLIGHT. 

1028
00:36:23,231 --> 00:36:25,666
AND WE ARE NOT JUST MEASURING 

1029
00:36:25,666 --> 00:36:27,168
THE DUST, BUT WE ARE ABLE TO 

1030
00:36:27,168 --> 00:36:32,373
BREAK IT UP AND TELL THE 

1031
00:36:32,373 --> 00:36:32,974
ELEMENTAL -- EXCELLENT 

1032
00:36:32,974 --> 00:36:34,609
MEASUREMENT. 

1033
00:36:34,609 --> 00:36:37,211
AND A UV INSTRUMENT. 

1034
00:36:37,211 --> 00:36:39,647
THAT HELPS PIECE TOGETHER THE 

1035
00:36:39,647 --> 00:36:43,484
PARTICLES COMING OUT ON A 

1036
00:36:43,484 --> 00:36:43,951
3-DIMENSIONAL. 

1037
00:36:43,951 --> 00:36:47,822
TEN INSTRUMENTS TWO MINUTES. 

1038
00:36:47,822 --> 00:36:48,522
>> GREAT. 

1039
00:36:48,522 --> 00:36:50,758
ANY OTHER QUESTIONS HERE IN THE 

1040
00:36:50,758 --> 00:36:57,765
ROOM?

1041
00:36:57,765 --> 00:36:59,333
>> THANK YOU. 

1042
00:36:59,333 --> 00:37:00,935
DAVID, I UNDERSTAND THAT THE 

1043
00:37:00,935 --> 00:37:03,537
MISSION IS GOING TO LAST TWO 

1044
00:37:03,537 --> 00:37:03,871
YEARS. 

1045
00:37:03,871 --> 00:37:06,674
BUT IT IS AND TO BE EXTENDED TO 

1046
00:37:06,674 --> 00:37:06,974
FIVE. 

1047
00:37:06,974 --> 00:37:08,242
WHAT WOULD BE THE -- WHAT WOULD 

1048
00:37:08,242 --> 00:37:11,212
BE THE DECISION TO EXTENDING THE

1049
00:37:11,212 --> 00:37:11,579
MISSION?

1050
00:37:11,579 --> 00:37:14,115
LIKE -- BECAUSE FUEL IS GOING TO

1051
00:37:14,115 --> 00:37:14,515
HAVE FUEL. 

1052
00:37:14,515 --> 00:37:17,818
BECAUSE PREPARED FOR FIVE. 

1053
00:37:17,818 --> 00:37:20,788
AND A BAD SITUATION OR A KEY 

1054
00:37:20,788 --> 00:37:22,690
METRIC SUCCESS PERFORMER THAT 

1055
00:37:22,690 --> 00:37:25,993
YOU ARE GOING TO MESH SDMUR. 

1056
00:37:25,993 --> 00:37:27,161
>> TYPICAL THAT NASA MISSIONS 

1057
00:37:27,161 --> 00:37:29,797
HAVE A SHORT GUARANTEED LIFETIME

1058
00:37:29,797 --> 00:37:31,799
OF A CUP CUP CONSULTANT OF 

1059
00:37:31,799 --> 00:37:32,466
YEARS. 

1060
00:37:32,466 --> 00:37:35,202
WE LOAD IT UP WITH FIVE YEARS. 

1061
00:37:35,202 --> 00:37:36,737
CLOSE IN NOMINAL LAUNCH, EXTRA 

1062
00:37:36,737 --> 00:37:37,939
FUEL INSIDE. 

1063
00:37:37,939 --> 00:37:39,707
MOST OF IT INCLUDING IMAP WILL 

1064
00:37:39,707 --> 00:37:42,610
LAST FOR MANY DECADES TO COME. 

1065
00:37:42,610 --> 00:37:45,346
IT IS OUR -- ONUS IS ON US TO 

1066
00:37:45,346 --> 00:37:46,514
DEMONSTRATE THAT THE SCIENCE IS 

1067
00:37:46,514 --> 00:37:48,015
EXCELLENT AND IS NECESSARY. 

1068
00:37:48,015 --> 00:37:49,283
AND AFTER THE FIRST TWO YEARS, 

1069
00:37:49,283 --> 00:37:51,585
YOU GO INTO A PROCESS CALLED THE

1070
00:37:51,585 --> 00:37:54,822
SENIOR REVIEW PROS ZES THEY ARE 

1071
00:37:54,822 --> 00:37:56,324
PROPOSALS THAT ARE MADE TO NASA 

1072
00:37:56,324 --> 00:37:57,525
HEADQUARTERS WHERE YOU SHOW WHAT

1073
00:37:57,525 --> 00:38:00,194
YOU HAVE DONE AND BASICALLY BID 

1074
00:38:00,194 --> 00:38:14,608
LOWER APPLES OF MONEY FOR 

1075
00:38:14,608 --> 00:38:18,412
MEASUREMENTS AT A LOWER PRICE. 

1076
00:38:18,412 --> 00:38:19,146
YOU CAN DO THAT THROUGH MANY HE 

1077
00:38:19,146 --> 00:38:19,880
THOSE CYCLES AND HOPEFULLY LAST 

1078
00:38:19,880 --> 00:38:20,481
A VERY, VERY LONG TIME. 

1079
00:38:20,481 --> 00:38:21,215
EXCITED THAT WE WILL BE ABLE TO 

1080
00:38:21,215 --> 00:38:21,983
-- I HOPE -- TO DO THAT AND VERY

1081
00:38:21,983 --> 00:38:23,417
IMPORTANT FOR PARTNERSES WITH 

1082
00:38:23,417 --> 00:38:24,418
THE SPACE WEATHER SIZE 37 

1083
00:38:24,418 --> 00:38:26,053
MISSIONS LIKE ICE. 

1084
00:38:26,053 --> 00:38:31,759
I AM A P.I. FOR ONE OF THE 

1085
00:38:31,759 --> 00:38:32,193
INSTRUMENTS. 

1086
00:38:32,193 --> 00:38:32,994
THEY DO GREAT SPACE WEATHER FOR 

1087
00:38:32,994 --> 00:38:34,228
A LONG TIME. 

1088
00:38:34,228 --> 00:38:36,797
WE HOPE TO BE PART OF THAT 

1089
00:38:36,797 --> 00:38:37,131
FLEET. 

1090
00:38:37,131 --> 00:38:38,532
>> ALL RIGHT, NEXT WE HAVE A 

1091
00:38:38,532 --> 00:38:39,800
QUESTION ON THE PHONE. 

1092
00:38:39,800 --> 00:38:42,870
JEFF FAUST WITH SPACE NEWS. 

1093
00:38:42,870 --> 00:38:44,538
>> GOOD AFTERNOON. 

1094
00:38:44,538 --> 00:38:47,675
WE HEARD FROM THE BRIEFING 

1095
00:38:47,675 --> 00:38:48,743
EARLIER TODAY ABOUT HOW THESE 

1096
00:38:48,743 --> 00:38:52,279
MISSION ALSO HELP SUPPORT THE 

1097
00:38:52,279 --> 00:38:53,581
UPCOMING ARTEMIS MISSIONS AND 

1098
00:38:53,581 --> 00:38:54,882
MAKE SURE THAT THE ASTRONAUTS ON

1099
00:38:54,882 --> 00:38:56,017
THEM ARE SAFE. 

1100
00:38:56,017 --> 00:38:57,918
WONDER IF YOU CAN DESCRIBE ANY 

1101
00:38:57,918 --> 00:39:00,621
DETAIL OF HOW THE MEASUREMENT 

1102
00:39:00,621 --> 00:39:03,624
COME FROM IMAP, CURRUTHERS AND 

1103
00:39:03,624 --> 00:39:04,792
SWFO-L1 WILL BE ABLE TO SUPPORT 

1104
00:39:04,792 --> 00:39:06,327
THAT IN WEIGHS THAT ARE NOT 

1105
00:39:06,327 --> 00:39:08,896
POSSIBLE WITH EXISTING MISSION 

1106
00:39:08,896 --> 00:39:11,532
AS SOON AS THANK YOU. 

1107
00:39:11,532 --> 00:39:12,633
>> I WILL BE HA ESPECIALLY TO 

1108
00:39:12,633 --> 00:39:13,467
TAKE THAT ONE. 

1109
00:39:13,467 --> 00:39:16,704
WHEN WE TALK OF HOW THIS MISSION

1110
00:39:16,704 --> 00:39:18,105
SUPPORTS ARTEMIS AN OTHER 

1111
00:39:18,105 --> 00:39:18,706
MISSIONS. 

1112
00:39:18,706 --> 00:39:20,641
ONE OF THE KEY WEATHERS THROUGH 

1113
00:39:20,641 --> 00:39:22,676
NASA'S PERSPECTIVE AND I LET MY 

1114
00:39:22,676 --> 00:39:24,245
COLLEAGUE FROM NOAA SPEAK A 

1115
00:39:24,245 --> 00:39:25,046
LITTLE BIT AS WELL. 

1116
00:39:25,046 --> 00:39:26,914
FROM OUR MOON TO MARS OFFICE. 

1117
00:39:26,914 --> 00:39:29,650
OUR MOON TO MARS OFFICE MAKES 

1118
00:39:29,650 --> 00:39:32,620
DATA, INFORMATION, AND DELIVERS 

1119
00:39:32,620 --> 00:39:34,088
ACTIONABLE INFORMATIONING THAT 

1120
00:39:34,088 --> 00:39:35,689
HELPS US INFORM OUR ASTRONAUTS 

1121
00:39:35,689 --> 00:39:36,957
OUT IN SPACE AND ALLOW US TO 

1122
00:39:36,957 --> 00:39:38,626
MAKE GOOD DECISIONS. 

1123
00:39:38,626 --> 00:39:40,961
THAT INFORMATION COMES FORWARD, 

1124
00:39:40,961 --> 00:39:43,130
YOU KNOW, FROM OUR AGENDAING 

1125
00:39:43,130 --> 00:39:46,000
FLEET TODAY. 

1126
00:39:46,000 --> 00:39:48,302
BUT THESE REALLY SURVIVE NEW AND

1127
00:39:48,302 --> 00:39:50,805
UPDATED MERV CHURMENTS. 

1128
00:39:50,805 --> 00:39:53,674
AND A BET PER INFORMATION TO 

1129
00:39:53,674 --> 00:39:54,742
ALLOW US TO MAKE BETTER 

1130
00:39:54,742 --> 00:39:55,976
DECISIONS WHEN MOVING FORWARD. 

1131
00:39:55,976 --> 00:39:58,212
>> YEAH, AND JUST TO ADD A 

1132
00:39:58,212 --> 00:40:00,047
LITTLE BIT FROM JOE'S COMMENTS 

1133
00:40:00,047 --> 00:40:00,381
THERE. 

1134
00:40:00,381 --> 00:40:02,249
AS I SAID, EVERYTHING THAT WE DO

1135
00:40:02,249 --> 00:40:04,418
AT THE SPACE WEATHER PREDICTION 

1136
00:40:04,418 --> 00:40:06,954
CENTER STARTS WITH OBSERVATIONS.

1137
00:40:06,954 --> 00:40:08,089
THESE OBSERVATIONSES FROM 

1138
00:40:08,089 --> 00:40:09,256
SWFO-L1 FROM IMAP, WHICH WE WILL

1139
00:40:09,256 --> 00:40:12,059
BE USING ALSO FOR REDUNDANCY. 

1140
00:40:12,059 --> 00:40:14,462
THEY ARE JUST REALLY CRITICAL IN

1141
00:40:14,462 --> 00:40:16,497
OUR ABILITY TO PROVIDE NASA WITH

1142
00:40:16,497 --> 00:40:22,002
THE THE INFORMATION THAT THEY 

1143
00:40:22,002 --> 00:40:23,637
NEED AND THE PRODUCTS AND MODELS

1144
00:40:23,637 --> 00:40:24,305
AND SUCH. 

1145
00:40:24,305 --> 00:40:25,806
WE WORK VERY, VERY CLOSELY 

1146
00:40:25,806 --> 00:40:28,642
TOGETHER ON A DAILY BASIS 

1147
00:40:28,642 --> 00:40:29,110
OPERATIONALLY. 

1148
00:40:29,110 --> 00:40:32,847
OUR FORECASTERS ARE TALKING OFS.

1149
00:40:32,847 --> 00:40:33,180
>> I. 

1150
00:40:33,180 --> 00:40:35,349
AND THE MOON TO MARS OFFICE. 

1151
00:40:35,349 --> 00:40:37,551
A CLOSE TIGHT COLLABORATION. 

1152
00:40:37,551 --> 00:40:40,721
AND JIM AND MYSELF AND JAMIE AND

1153
00:40:40,721 --> 00:40:44,158
JOE WERE WORKING TOGETHER TO 

1154
00:40:44,158 --> 00:40:47,428
ENSURE THAT THE SUCCESS OF THE 

1155
00:40:47,428 --> 00:40:49,597
ARTEMIS MISSIONS AND IN FACT WE 

1156
00:40:49,597 --> 00:40:53,267
HAD A JOINT EXERCISE THIS LAST 

1157
00:40:53,267 --> 00:40:54,201
SPRING WHERE WE TESTED TO OUT 

1158
00:40:54,201 --> 00:40:57,605
AND EXERCISED THE CONCEPT DURING

1159
00:40:57,605 --> 00:41:00,207
THE ARTEMIS 2 AND THE FUTURE 

1160
00:41:00,207 --> 00:41:01,842
ARTEMIS MISSIONS TOGETHER WERE A

1161
00:41:01,842 --> 00:41:03,010
TREMENDOUS, VERY SUCCESS. 

1162
00:41:03,010 --> 00:41:04,111
>> I WILL JUST MAKE ONE QUICK 

1163
00:41:04,111 --> 00:41:06,680
COMMENT TO THAN IS ONE OF THE 

1164
00:41:06,680 --> 00:41:09,517
THINGS THAT SWFO-L1 WILL PROVIDE

1165
00:41:09,517 --> 00:41:12,987
IS A -- A MUCH BETTER CADENCE OF

1166
00:41:12,987 --> 00:41:14,922
OBSERVATIONS OF A CONTINUOUS 

1167
00:41:14,922 --> 00:41:15,256
BASIS. 

1168
00:41:15,256 --> 00:41:16,190
AND SO THAT WILL. 

1169
00:41:16,190 --> 00:41:19,293
THAT WILL PROVIDE A MUCH MORE 

1170
00:41:19,293 --> 00:41:21,929
RELIABLE PICTURE OF WHAT THE 

1171
00:41:21,929 --> 00:41:22,630
ENVIRONMENT IS. 

1172
00:41:22,630 --> 00:41:25,466
SO THAT WILL DEFINITELY HELP 

1173
00:41:25,466 --> 00:41:26,934
PROTECT OUR ASTRONAUTS AS WE GET

1174
00:41:26,934 --> 00:41:28,769
A VERY REGULAR CADENCE OF 

1175
00:41:28,769 --> 00:41:30,237
INFORMATION THAT IS RELIABLE 

1176
00:41:30,237 --> 00:41:31,338
THAT WE CAN USE. 

1177
00:41:31,338 --> 00:41:32,673
WE KNOW THAT WE WILL BE COMING 

1178
00:41:32,673 --> 00:41:33,440
ALL THE TIME. 

1179
00:41:33,440 --> 00:41:36,644
AND WE DID NOT HAVE THAT 

1180
00:41:36,644 --> 00:41:38,812
UNNECESSARILY WITH THE 

1181
00:41:38,812 --> 00:41:42,183
SCIENCE-BASED MISSIONS. 

1182
00:41:42,183 --> 00:41:43,951
AND OH, BY THE WAY, I WILL JUST 

1183
00:41:43,951 --> 00:41:47,121
SAY THAT EXERCISE WITH ARTEMIS, 

1184
00:41:47,121 --> 00:41:48,722
IT WOULD HAVE NEVER HAPPENED 15 

1185
00:41:48,722 --> 00:41:50,391
OR 10 YEARS AGO. 

1186
00:41:50,391 --> 00:41:52,893
THE GROUP THAT WE HAVE NOW IS 

1187
00:41:52,893 --> 00:41:54,695
REALLY WORKING WELL TOGETHER ON 

1188
00:41:54,695 --> 00:41:55,262
SPACE WEATHER. 

1189
00:41:55,262 --> 00:41:57,431
AND A TESTAMENT OF THE AGENCIES 

1190
00:41:57,431 --> 00:41:59,633
AND THE SCIENCE COMMUNITIES OF 

1191
00:41:59,633 --> 00:42:01,902
RECOGNIZING THE IMPORTANCE OF 

1192
00:42:01,902 --> 00:42:02,236
THAT. 

1193
00:42:02,236 --> 00:42:03,938
>> JUST TO KIND OF ADD IN, JEFF,

1194
00:42:03,938 --> 00:42:05,639
IT IS AS GREAT QUESTION. 

1195
00:42:05,639 --> 00:42:07,041
ARTEMIS IS A BIG CHALLENGE FOR 

1196
00:42:07,041 --> 00:42:07,808
THE WHOLE AGENCY. 

1197
00:42:07,808 --> 00:42:09,543
WE KIND OF GET READY FOR THE 

1198
00:42:09,543 --> 00:42:10,878
MOON. 

1199
00:42:10,878 --> 00:42:13,113
I THINK IT HAS BEEN CONTINUE 

1200
00:42:13,113 --> 00:42:13,847
DEEP COLLABORATION OF THE TWO 

1201
00:42:13,847 --> 00:42:15,616
AGENCIES GETTING READY FOR THE 

1202
00:42:15,616 --> 00:42:18,285
DAY TO DAY, SPANNED I REALLY -- 

1203
00:42:18,285 --> 00:42:20,054
SETTING UP NEW CAPE SHLTS THAT 

1204
00:42:20,054 --> 00:42:22,289
WE ARE LACKING FOR QUITE A FEW 

1205
00:42:22,289 --> 00:42:25,092
YEARS AND THE SOLAR SYSTEM WIDE 

1206
00:42:25,092 --> 00:42:26,327
EXPERT. 

1207
00:42:26,327 --> 00:42:28,229
ARTEMIS IS A YOU DAUNTING 

1208
00:42:28,229 --> 00:42:28,629
CHALLENGE. 

1209
00:42:28,629 --> 00:42:30,998
THINK OF MARS, JUPITER AND 

1210
00:42:30,998 --> 00:42:33,701
MISSIONS TO UR,NUS. 

1211
00:42:33,701 --> 00:42:37,972
HOW DO WE GET READY TO SAVE THEM

1212
00:42:37,972 --> 00:42:38,272
WELL. 

1213
00:42:38,272 --> 00:42:39,607
AND AS COMMERCIAL RULE GOES OUT 

1214
00:42:39,607 --> 00:42:41,141
TO YOU SOME OF THE VENTURES AS 

1215
00:42:41,141 --> 00:42:41,442
WELL. 

1216
00:42:41,442 --> 00:42:43,210
WE TRANSLATE THAT TO THE NOSE 

1217
00:42:43,210 --> 00:42:44,645
SIDE AS THEY SERVE THE 

1218
00:42:44,645 --> 00:42:46,947
COMMERCIAL SECTOR ON THESE 

1219
00:42:46,947 --> 00:42:47,281
THINGS. 

1220
00:42:47,281 --> 00:42:49,283
>> ALL RIGHT, NEXT WE HAVE SOME 

1221
00:42:49,283 --> 00:42:50,184
CONGRESS SOCIAL MEDIA. 

1222
00:42:50,184 --> 00:42:52,786
SO LAURIE G. ON FACEBOOK ASKS, 

1223
00:42:52,786 --> 00:42:55,556
HOW MANY EARTH -- SORRY, HOW 

1224
00:42:55,556 --> 00:42:56,857
DOES IMAP CREATE A MAP OF 

1225
00:42:56,857 --> 00:43:00,227
THE HELIOSHHERE. 

1226
00:43:00,227 --> 00:43:01,962
WHAT KIND OF INFORMATION DOES 

1227
00:43:01,962 --> 00:43:03,664
THIS MAP SHOW. 

1228
00:43:03,664 --> 00:43:05,733
JOE, I THINK YOU HAD SOMETHING. 

1229
00:43:05,733 --> 00:43:06,500
>> I WILL HAVE ONE THOUGHT ON 

1230
00:43:06,500 --> 00:43:08,202
THAT AND PASS IT OVER TO DAVE. 

1231
00:43:08,202 --> 00:43:11,438
ONE OF THE AMAZING THINGS -- WE 

1232
00:43:11,438 --> 00:43:13,207
TALK OF THIS GALACTIC HOLE IN 

1233
00:43:13,207 --> 00:43:15,309
ONE OF THESE PAR CALLS. 

1234
00:43:15,309 --> 00:43:17,378
AMAZING THING SO MANY OF THESE 

1235
00:43:17,378 --> 00:43:18,912
PARTICLES OUT IN SPACE. 

1236
00:43:18,912 --> 00:43:21,248
SUN SECONDING SOLAR WINDS, VAST 

1237
00:43:21,248 --> 00:43:22,583
AMOUNTS OF SOLAR WIND INTO THE 

1238
00:43:22,583 --> 00:43:24,184
SPACE IN THE LARGER ARENA. 

1239
00:43:24,184 --> 00:43:26,253
WE GET MANY OF THESE PARTICLES 

1240
00:43:26,253 --> 00:43:29,290
AND TAKEN THESE MEASUREMENTS 

1241
00:43:29,290 --> 00:43:31,258
PREVIOUSLY AT A CURSE SEE GLANCE

1242
00:43:31,258 --> 00:43:33,227
FROM THE IBEX MISSION. 

1243
00:43:33,227 --> 00:43:34,728
WE KNOW HOW MANY CAN COME 

1244
00:43:34,728 --> 00:43:35,929
FORWARD TO US. 

1245
00:43:35,929 --> 00:43:37,831
AND WE ARE ABLE FROM THAT EARLY 

1246
00:43:37,831 --> 00:43:39,967
PREDICTION AND EARLY 

1247
00:43:39,967 --> 00:43:41,302
UNDERSTANDING, SIZE AND 

1248
00:43:41,302 --> 00:43:43,971
INSTRUMENTATION TO GET THE MOST 

1249
00:43:43,971 --> 00:43:45,939
DETAILED MAP EVER THE KEYWAYS TO

1250
00:43:45,939 --> 00:43:48,242
DO THAT HOW THE MISSION ACTUALLY

1251
00:43:48,242 --> 00:43:49,143
EXECUTES THE MAP. 

1252
00:43:49,143 --> 00:43:51,178
AND TOSS IT OVER TO DAVE SO WE 

1253
00:43:51,178 --> 00:43:53,414
CAN TALK A LITTLE BIT ABOUT HOW 

1254
00:43:53,414 --> 00:43:54,682
THE MISSION ACTUALLY TREATS A 

1255
00:43:54,682 --> 00:43:54,982
MAP. 

1256
00:43:54,982 --> 00:43:55,983
>> SURE, THANKS, JOE. 

1257
00:43:55,983 --> 00:43:57,651
WE ARE A SPINNING SPACECRAFT. 

1258
00:43:57,651 --> 00:43:59,987
WE'VE SOLAR ARRAY ON THE FRONT 

1259
00:43:59,987 --> 00:44:00,354
SERVICE. 

1260
00:44:00,354 --> 00:44:01,588
WE HAVE INSTRUMENTS THAT LOOK 

1261
00:44:01,588 --> 00:44:02,189
OUTED SIDES. 

1262
00:44:02,189 --> 00:44:04,858
SO EVERY TIME WE SPIN AROUND, WE

1263
00:44:04,858 --> 00:44:06,760
SEE A SWATH OF THE SKY. 

1264
00:44:06,760 --> 00:44:09,296
EVERY ROTATION. 

1265
00:44:09,296 --> 00:44:10,631
FOUR TIMES A MINUTE, SEE A SWATH

1266
00:44:10,631 --> 00:44:13,400
OF THE SKY, THE EARTH GOES 

1267
00:44:13,400 --> 00:44:14,635
AROUND SUN. 

1268
00:44:14,635 --> 00:44:15,836
L-1 GOES AROUND THE SUN AND 

1269
00:44:15,836 --> 00:44:17,171
REPOINT OUR SPACECRAFT ONE 

1270
00:44:17,171 --> 00:44:18,772
DEGREE PER DAY. 

1271
00:44:18,772 --> 00:44:20,407
THE SWATH OF THE SKY WE ARE 

1272
00:44:20,407 --> 00:44:21,175
SEEING MOVES. 

1273
00:44:21,175 --> 00:44:23,444
AND MOVESES FROM HERE TO HERE TO

1274
00:44:23,444 --> 00:44:25,713
HERE TO HERE. 

1275
00:44:25,713 --> 00:44:27,047
OVER THE COURSE OF SIX MONTHS, 

1276
00:44:27,047 --> 00:44:32,052
WE GO HALFWAY AROUND AND THE 

1277
00:44:32,052 --> 00:44:34,388
ENTIRE UHERE. 

1278
00:44:34,388 --> 00:44:36,423
WE GET A COMPLETE MAP OF 

1279
00:44:36,423 --> 00:44:40,160
THE HELIOSPHERE OF THE NEUTRAL 

1280
00:44:40,160 --> 00:44:41,261
PARTICLES COMING IN. 

1281
00:44:41,261 --> 00:44:42,830
>> OUR NEXT QUESTION IS FROM 

1282
00:44:42,830 --> 00:44:44,965
MIKE ON X. 

1283
00:44:44,965 --> 00:44:46,600
HE ASKED WHY DO THESE MISSIONS 

1284
00:44:46,600 --> 00:44:48,736
NEED TO GO WITH L-1. 

1285
00:44:48,736 --> 00:44:51,338
AND START WITH LAURA AND WHY 

1286
00:44:51,338 --> 00:44:52,339
EVERYBODY AT EACH MISSION CAN 

1287
00:44:52,339 --> 00:44:53,040
ANSWER THIS. 

1288
00:44:53,040 --> 00:44:54,375
>> SURE, ANTICIPATE TO ANSWER. 

1289
00:44:54,375 --> 00:44:55,576
CURRUTHERS IS A MISSION OF 

1290
00:44:55,576 --> 00:44:56,043
OPPORTUNITY. 

1291
00:44:56,043 --> 00:44:57,244
THAT IS THE OPPORTUNITY WE TACK 

1292
00:44:57,244 --> 00:44:59,246
ADVANTAGE OF TO GET TO THE IDEAL

1293
00:44:59,246 --> 00:45:03,684
POINT IN SPACE FOR EXOSPHERETIC 

1294
00:45:03,684 --> 00:45:04,785
REMOTE SETTING WHICH IS 

1295
00:45:04,785 --> 00:45:07,221
THE L-17B LAGRANGE REPORT. 

1296
00:45:07,221 --> 00:45:09,189
IN OUR CASE, WE WANTED TO BE FAR

1297
00:45:09,189 --> 00:45:11,024
ENOUGH FROM EARTH AS I MINUTED 

1298
00:45:11,024 --> 00:45:13,327
EARLIER IN ORDER TO GET THE 

1299
00:45:13,327 --> 00:45:15,329
ENTIRE VAST UPPER ATMOSPHERE, 

1300
00:45:15,329 --> 00:45:23,003
IN EXOSH FEAR. 

1301
00:45:23,003 --> 00:45:26,507
IT REQUIRES US AND THE VIEWING 

1302
00:45:26,507 --> 00:45:27,708
GEOMETRY REQUIRES US THAT WE 

1303
00:45:27,708 --> 00:45:30,077
ACHIEVE THAT DISTANCE. 

1304
00:45:30,077 --> 00:45:33,247
ANOTHER.J L-1 AND NOT OTHER 

1305
00:45:33,247 --> 00:45:35,115
DISTANCE EQUALLY FAR. 

1306
00:45:35,115 --> 00:45:38,719
BECAUSE THIS POINT IN SPACE IS 

1307
00:45:38,719 --> 00:45:43,624
THE GRAVITATIONAL EQUILIB DRUM. 

1308
00:45:43,624 --> 00:45:45,959
IT DOESN'T TAKE A LOT OF 

1309
00:45:45,959 --> 00:45:47,895
PROPORTION TO STAY NEAR THAT 

1310
00:45:47,895 --> 00:45:48,228
POINT. 

1311
00:45:48,228 --> 00:45:50,030
SO IT MAKES SMALL SATELLITE 

1312
00:45:50,030 --> 00:45:51,598
MISSIONS LIKE CURRUTHERS, FOR 

1313
00:45:51,598 --> 00:45:52,800
EXAMPLE, MUCH MORE FEASIBLE. 

1314
00:45:52,800 --> 00:45:54,168
WE ARE ABLE TO PAIN IN TAINE A 

1315
00:45:54,168 --> 00:45:56,603
POSITION THERE AND TAKE PICTURES

1316
00:45:56,603 --> 00:45:59,606
FOR PICTURES FOR YEARS WITH A 

1317
00:45:59,606 --> 00:46:00,707
REASONABLY SIZED PROPULSION 

1318
00:46:00,707 --> 00:46:01,041
TANKS. 

1319
00:46:01,041 --> 00:46:02,075
I AM SURE OTHER REASONS FOR THE 

1320
00:46:02,075 --> 00:46:03,110
OTHER MISSIONS AS WELL. 

1321
00:46:03,110 --> 00:46:04,645
>> ONE OF THE REASONS FOR IMAP 

1322
00:46:04,645 --> 00:46:07,481
WANTING TO GO TO L-1. 

1323
00:46:07,481 --> 00:46:09,750
ANOTHER ONE FROM THE IBEX 

1324
00:46:09,750 --> 00:46:11,852
MISSION, SOME OF THE BIGGEST 

1325
00:46:11,852 --> 00:46:19,059
BACKGROUNDS FROM THE DELICATE 

1326
00:46:19,059 --> 00:46:19,760
MEASUREMENTS FROM THE EARTH 

1327
00:46:19,760 --> 00:46:21,695
ITSELF, THE EARTH'S MAGNETIC 

1328
00:46:21,695 --> 00:46:22,095
ATMOSPHERE. 

1329
00:46:22,095 --> 00:46:24,198
OF THOSE ENERGETIC. 

1330
00:46:24,198 --> 00:46:32,773
GETTING OUT OF EITHER 

1331
00:46:32,773 --> 00:46:34,808
MAGNETOSPHERE TO BRING IT DOWN 

1332
00:46:34,808 --> 00:46:36,677
TO WHERE WE CAN MAKE MUCH BETTER

1333
00:46:36,677 --> 00:46:37,044
MAP IS. 

1334
00:46:37,044 --> 00:46:38,846
>> SWFO-L1, THE REASON WE WANT 

1335
00:46:38,846 --> 00:46:41,849
TO GO IS WE CAN LOOK AT THE SUN 

1336
00:46:41,849 --> 00:46:42,149
24-7. 

1337
00:46:42,149 --> 00:46:43,450
WE DON'T HAVE TO WORRY OF THE 

1338
00:46:43,450 --> 00:46:45,152
MOON GETTING IN THE WAY. 

1339
00:46:45,152 --> 00:46:47,454
WE DON'T HAVE TO WORRY ABOUT THE

1340
00:46:47,454 --> 00:46:50,691
SUN -- WE HAVE TO WORRY OF THE 

1341
00:46:50,691 --> 00:46:50,991
SUN. 

1342
00:46:50,991 --> 00:46:51,992
DON'T WORE OF THEY EARTH GETTING

1343
00:46:51,992 --> 00:46:53,227
IN THE WAY AS WE OR BIT. 

1344
00:46:53,227 --> 00:46:57,798
AS WE POINTED OUT, GOOD FROM A 

1345
00:46:57,798 --> 00:47:01,502
PROPULSION PERSPECTIVE AND WHEN 

1346
00:47:01,502 --> 00:47:03,270
WE SIT THERE AND STARE ALL DAY 

1347
00:47:03,270 --> 00:47:05,606
LONG WHICH IS WHAT WE WANTED TO 

1348
00:47:05,606 --> 00:47:05,873
DO. 

1349
00:47:05,873 --> 00:47:09,042
>> THE UNOBSTRUCTED VIEW. 

1350
00:47:09,042 --> 00:47:12,713
WE'LL ONE ON GHOST. 

1351
00:47:12,713 --> 00:47:16,316
A GREAT LITTLE INSTRUMENTS. 

1352
00:47:16,316 --> 00:47:18,385
EQUINOX, THE EARTH PASSES IN ITS

1353
00:47:18,385 --> 00:47:20,020
VIEW, BLOCKING IMIMAGINE MA 

1354
00:47:20,020 --> 00:47:22,589
AGREE FOR SEVERAL HOURS AT 

1355
00:47:22,589 --> 00:47:23,323
NIGHT. 

1356
00:47:23,323 --> 00:47:26,193
AND YOU STRAY LIGHT THAT COMES 

1357
00:47:26,193 --> 00:47:27,628
IN THE SENSOR. 

1358
00:47:27,628 --> 00:47:34,201
WE ARE WELL OUTSIDE THAT 

1359
00:47:34,201 --> 00:47:34,668
MAGNETICSPHERE. 

1360
00:47:34,668 --> 00:47:36,570
WONDERFUL VIEW AND IT IS GOING 

1361
00:47:36,570 --> 00:47:38,305
TO WONDERFUL SPRINKLE FACEBOOK 

1362
00:47:38,305 --> 00:47:39,806
ASKS SIGNIFICANCE FOR THESE 

1363
00:47:39,806 --> 00:47:41,708
MISSIONS LAUNCHING DURING SOLAR 

1364
00:47:41,708 --> 00:47:42,075
MAXIMUM. 

1365
00:47:42,075 --> 00:47:43,377
ANYONE WHO WANTS TO START WITH 

1366
00:47:43,377 --> 00:47:43,677
THAT. 

1367
00:47:43,677 --> 00:47:44,978
>> I WILL BE HAPPY TO TAKE THAT 

1368
00:47:44,978 --> 00:47:45,379
ONE. 

1369
00:47:45,379 --> 00:47:47,014
WHENEVER WE PLAN OUR MISSIONS, 

1370
00:47:47,014 --> 00:47:54,221
THE SOLAR MAXIMUM IS AN 11-YEAR 

1371
00:47:54,221 --> 00:47:54,988
CYCLE WHERE THE SOLAR ACTIVITY 

1372
00:47:54,988 --> 00:47:55,489
RISES AND WANES. 

1373
00:47:55,489 --> 00:47:57,758
AS THE MAGNETIC NEELDZ OF THE 

1374
00:47:57,758 --> 00:47:59,927
SUN GETS WOUND UP A VERY LARGE 

1375
00:47:59,927 --> 00:48:01,695
ROTATING BALL YOU HAVE GAS. 

1376
00:48:01,695 --> 00:48:03,363
AS IT GOES, YOU SEE MORE AND 

1377
00:48:03,363 --> 00:48:04,731
MORE SUN SPOTS AND MORE 

1378
00:48:04,731 --> 00:48:05,132
ACTIVITY. 

1379
00:48:05,132 --> 00:48:06,533
IN THE DECLINING PHASE WHICH IS 

1380
00:48:06,533 --> 00:48:08,435
WHERE WE ARE AT TODAY, THE 

1381
00:48:08,435 --> 00:48:13,340
DECLINING PHASE OF THE SOLAR 

1382
00:48:13,340 --> 00:48:15,475
CYCLE IS ONE OF THE MOST ACTIVE 

1383
00:48:15,475 --> 00:48:15,943
TIMES. 

1384
00:48:15,943 --> 00:48:18,011
NOT BY COINCIDENCE PUTTING IT UP

1385
00:48:18,011 --> 00:48:20,280
WITH SOLAR MAXIMUM BUT ONE OF 

1386
00:48:20,280 --> 00:48:23,016
THOSE COINCIDENCES PUTTING THE 

1387
00:48:23,016 --> 00:48:25,786
MISSIONS UP ALLOW US TO SEE THIS

1388
00:48:25,786 --> 00:48:26,153
ACTIVITY. 

1389
00:48:26,153 --> 00:48:28,722
SOLAR MAXIMUM OR MINIMUM, SOME 

1390
00:48:28,722 --> 00:48:30,357
OF THE KEY SCIENTIFIC 

1391
00:48:30,357 --> 00:48:33,360
MEASUREMENTS FROM THIS PRODUCED 

1392
00:48:33,360 --> 00:48:35,228
INFORMATION THAT WE DES IFFY PER

1393
00:48:35,228 --> 00:48:36,797
RATLEY NEED HERE ON EARTH. 

1394
00:48:36,797 --> 00:48:38,298
MANY WAY, FINDING THAT WHETHER 

1395
00:48:38,298 --> 00:48:40,100
IT BE ITS MOST POWERFUL STORM WE

1396
00:48:40,100 --> 00:48:41,969
HAVE SEEN IN YEARS AND YEARS AND

1397
00:48:41,969 --> 00:48:44,137
YEARS AND FINDING THE STEADY 

1398
00:48:44,137 --> 00:48:45,672
STATE OF THE SUN AND FIGURING 

1399
00:48:45,672 --> 00:48:47,507
OUT HOW IT AFFECTS OUR EVERYDAY 

1400
00:48:47,507 --> 00:48:47,841
LIVES. 

1401
00:48:47,841 --> 00:48:49,009
BOTH OF TO HE WAS ARE IMPORTANT 

1402
00:48:49,009 --> 00:48:51,278
TO US AND BOTH THINGS THAT WE 

1403
00:48:51,278 --> 00:48:56,650
WILL SEE AS THESE MISSIONS MOVE 

1404
00:48:56,650 --> 00:48:57,017
FORWARD. 

1405
00:48:57,017 --> 00:49:00,287
>> ONE OF THE AMAZING THING 

1406
00:49:00,287 --> 00:49:03,457
IN HIGH PRESSURE,ELIOSIS PICKS. 

1407
00:49:03,457 --> 00:49:04,725
HOW THE PARTICLES CHANGE OVER 

1408
00:49:04,725 --> 00:49:06,827
THE SOLAR CYCLE AND THE 

1409
00:49:06,827 --> 00:49:10,030
OUTER SPHERE AND ATOMS CHANGE 

1410
00:49:10,030 --> 00:49:15,168
OVER THE HELISPHERE. 

1411
00:49:15,168 --> 00:49:18,405
A VARIABLE ENVIRONMENT OVER A 

1412
00:49:18,405 --> 00:49:20,007
SOLAR CYCLE SCALE. 

1413
00:49:20,007 --> 00:49:21,808
VERY INTERESTING SCIENTIFICALLY 

1414
00:49:21,808 --> 00:49:23,777
AND IMPORTANT PRAGMATICALLY TOO.

1415
00:49:23,777 --> 00:49:26,113
>> ALL RIGHT, ANY MORE QUESTIONS

1416
00:49:26,113 --> 00:49:27,948
HERE IN THE ROOM?

1417
00:49:27,948 --> 00:49:30,083
>> I HAVE A QUICK QUESTION. 

1418
00:49:30,083 --> 00:49:33,520
>> ONE IN THE BACK THERE. 

1419
00:49:33,520 --> 00:49:38,158
>> HI, JOEL OCKEBACK, FREELANCE.

1420
00:49:38,158 --> 00:49:41,261
TO FOLLOW UP DR. MAKOMIS, 

1421
00:49:41,261 --> 00:49:42,963
EXPLAIN A LITTLE BIT MORE OF HOW

1422
00:49:42,963 --> 00:49:45,966
YOU GET INFORMATION OUT OF THESE

1423
00:49:45,966 --> 00:49:48,235
ENERGETIC NEUTRAL PARTICLES WHEN

1424
00:49:48,235 --> 00:49:50,404
THEY HIT THE INSTRUMENT, THE 

1425
00:49:50,404 --> 00:49:52,773
SPACECRAFT, AND MAKING THAT MAP.

1426
00:49:52,773 --> 00:49:54,608
AND I APOLOGIZE. 

1427
00:49:54,608 --> 00:49:56,510
DON'T INTUITIVELY GRASP IT, IT 

1428
00:49:56,510 --> 00:49:59,613
IS LOOKING AT THE WHOLE UNIVERSE

1429
00:49:59,613 --> 00:50:00,213
OVER TIME. 

1430
00:50:00,213 --> 00:50:02,015
HOW CAN YOU GET INFORMATION ON 

1431
00:50:02,015 --> 00:50:03,417
WHETHER DOES IT COME FROM. 

1432
00:50:03,417 --> 00:50:06,920
HOW FAR AWAY IS THE HELIO PAUSE.

1433
00:50:06,920 --> 00:50:08,655
AND WHAT IS IT TELLING YOU?

1434
00:50:08,655 --> 00:50:09,656
>> GREAT QUESTIONS. 

1435
00:50:09,656 --> 00:50:11,491
AND LET ME JUST SAY IT TOOK US A

1436
00:50:11,491 --> 00:50:14,428
LONG TIME TO FIGURE IN THIS OUT 

1437
00:50:14,428 --> 00:50:15,395
TOO. 

1438
00:50:15,395 --> 00:50:18,899
IT WASN'T EASY AND OBVIOUS TO US

1439
00:50:18,899 --> 00:50:19,232
EITHER. 

1440
00:50:19,232 --> 00:50:21,401
BECAUSE BECAUSE WE MEASURE THE 

1441
00:50:21,401 --> 00:50:22,836
ENERGY OF THE PARTICLES COMING 

1442
00:50:22,836 --> 00:50:24,104
BACK IN. 

1443
00:50:24,104 --> 00:50:26,306
LIKE HAVING MULTISPECTRAL 

1444
00:50:26,306 --> 00:50:26,673
PICTURES. 

1445
00:50:26,673 --> 00:50:28,842
NOT JUST REGULAR LIGHT BUT 

1446
00:50:28,842 --> 00:50:31,478
ULTRAVIOLET AND X-RAYS. 

1447
00:50:31,478 --> 00:50:34,014
YOU ARE ABLE TO TELL THE ENERGY 

1448
00:50:34,014 --> 00:50:35,348
SPECTRUM AT A DISTANCE. 

1449
00:50:35,348 --> 00:50:37,551
YOU ARE LOOKING AT AND SAYING 

1450
00:50:37,551 --> 00:50:38,618
THAT DIRECTION RIGHT THERE. 

1451
00:50:38,618 --> 00:50:40,387
PARTICLES THAT HAVE A VARIABLE 

1452
00:50:40,387 --> 00:50:42,155
SHAPE OF THEIR ENERGIES. 

1453
00:50:42,155 --> 00:50:43,223
AND DIFFERENT SHAPE. 

1454
00:50:43,223 --> 00:50:45,425
AND THAT ONE THERE IS A 

1455
00:50:45,425 --> 00:50:46,259
DIFFERENT SHAPE. 

1456
00:50:46,259 --> 00:50:47,627
YOU GET TO UNDERSTAND WHAT THE 

1457
00:50:47,627 --> 00:50:49,663
PLACE MASS PHYSICS ARE LIKE. 

1458
00:50:49,663 --> 00:50:51,898
AND THEN WATCH TIME VARIATIONS. 

1459
00:50:51,898 --> 00:50:54,901
WITH THE SOLAR OUTPUT INCREASES 

1460
00:50:54,901 --> 00:50:56,903
LIKE SDB IN 2014. 

1461
00:50:56,903 --> 00:50:59,873
SECOND HALF OF TO 2014, 

1462
00:50:59,873 --> 00:51:01,775
ENERGETIC NEUTRAL ATOMS COME 

1463
00:51:01,775 --> 00:51:03,677
FROM A PLACE SOUTH OF THE NOSE 

1464
00:51:03,677 --> 00:51:05,746
AND THE UPSTREAM DIRECTION AND 

1465
00:51:05,746 --> 00:51:07,481
SPREADS OUT OVER TIME AND 

1466
00:51:07,481 --> 00:51:08,949
LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE AND ABLE 

1467
00:51:08,949 --> 00:51:10,817
TO SOUND THE DISTANCE. 

1468
00:51:10,817 --> 00:51:13,320
LIKE YOU SENT WAVES OUT THAT 

1469
00:51:13,320 --> 00:51:14,254
BOUNCED OFF SOMETHING AND THEY 

1470
00:51:14,254 --> 00:51:16,389
COME BACK. 

1471
00:51:16,389 --> 00:51:18,492
A WHOLE PROCESS WRSH YOU TAKE 

1472
00:51:18,492 --> 00:51:20,393
THESE MULTIENERGY MEASUREMENTS 

1473
00:51:20,393 --> 00:51:23,730
AND THE TIMING AND PIECE FORGET 

1474
00:51:23,730 --> 00:51:24,731
DISTANCE AND THICKNESS AND 

1475
00:51:24,731 --> 00:51:25,465
THINGS LIKE THAT. 

1476
00:51:25,465 --> 00:51:27,334
BUT IT IS NOT EASY. 

1477
00:51:27,334 --> 00:51:29,069
>> CAN I ADD ON TO THAT ONE?

1478
00:51:29,069 --> 00:51:31,838
I WANT TO ADD ON THAT ONE OF THE

1479
00:51:31,838 --> 00:51:33,640
GREAT THING THAT NASA SCIENCE 

1480
00:51:33,640 --> 00:51:34,975
DOES IS BUILDINGS UPON THESE 

1481
00:51:34,975 --> 00:51:36,510
DECADE OF INFORMATION THAT WE 

1482
00:51:36,510 --> 00:51:37,611
BRING FORWARD. 

1483
00:51:37,611 --> 00:51:39,179
BUILD UPON THE MEASUREMENTS THAT

1484
00:51:39,179 --> 00:51:40,614
GEORGE CURRUTHERS MADE FROM THE 

1485
00:51:40,614 --> 00:51:41,748
SURFACE OF THE MONDAY. 

1486
00:51:41,748 --> 00:51:42,048
MOON. 

1487
00:51:42,048 --> 00:51:43,884
AND BUILDING ON THE DISCOVERIES 

1488
00:51:43,884 --> 00:51:45,619
FROM IBEX BEFORE. 

1489
00:51:45,619 --> 00:51:49,623
THAT WEALTH AND FONT OF 

1490
00:51:49,623 --> 00:51:51,057
SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION WE BUILT 

1491
00:51:51,057 --> 00:51:53,460
OVER THE YEARS CREATED THE 

1492
00:51:53,460 --> 00:51:55,729
ABILITY FOR OUR HEDGE 

1493
00:51:55,729 --> 00:51:56,429
TECHNOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 

1494
00:51:56,429 --> 00:51:58,865
THAT DRIVES HOME OUR ABILITY FOR

1495
00:51:58,865 --> 00:52:00,934
ALL OF OUR -- ALL OF THINGS WE 

1496
00:52:00,934 --> 00:52:02,903
HOLD DEER AND USE ON A REGULAR 

1497
00:52:02,903 --> 00:52:05,906
BASIS TO REALLY THRIVE. 

1498
00:52:05,906 --> 00:52:08,041
SO WE ARE CONTINUING TO BUILD ON

1499
00:52:08,041 --> 00:52:11,044
THAT AND WITH THESE MISSIONS WE 

1500
00:52:11,044 --> 00:52:13,280
WILL PUSH IT INTO THE FUTURE. 

1501
00:52:13,280 --> 00:52:16,016
>> ALL RIGHT, GOING BACK TO OUR 

1502
00:52:16,016 --> 00:52:19,119
SOCIAL MEDIA QUESTIONS ARMETESH 

1503
00:52:19,119 --> 00:52:21,521
ON X ASKS, MISSIONS HELP PROTECT

1504
00:52:21,521 --> 00:52:22,622
SATELLITE AND COMMUNICATION 

1505
00:52:22,622 --> 00:52:23,557
SYSTEMS ON EARTH?

1506
00:52:23,557 --> 00:52:26,493
>> OH, ABSOLUTELY. 

1507
00:52:26,493 --> 00:52:27,427
ABSOLUTELY. 

1508
00:52:27,427 --> 00:52:31,064
RIGHT NOW WE HAVE DATA THAT WE 

1509
00:52:31,064 --> 00:52:33,567
COLLECT AND USE TO BEGIN RATE 

1510
00:52:33,567 --> 00:52:35,135
THESE FORECASTS. 

1511
00:52:35,135 --> 00:52:37,204
AND THIS WILL JUST BE A 

1512
00:52:37,204 --> 00:52:38,872
CONTINUITY OF THAT. 

1513
00:52:38,872 --> 00:52:42,108
BUT AT AN ELEVATED LEVEL. 

1514
00:52:42,108 --> 00:52:42,976
WE ALREADY TALK ABOUT WE WILL BE

1515
00:52:42,976 --> 00:52:45,579
GETTING THE DATA MORE FREQUENTLY

1516
00:52:45,579 --> 00:52:47,080
AND MORE CONSISTENTLY AND IT 

1517
00:52:47,080 --> 00:52:50,283
WILL ALLOW USES TO IMPROVE THESE

1518
00:52:50,283 --> 00:52:52,652
MODELS THAT ARE USED FOR 

1519
00:52:52,652 --> 00:52:53,153
FORECASTING. 

1520
00:52:53,153 --> 00:52:54,588
TAKING ADVANTAGE AS WE HAVE 

1521
00:52:54,588 --> 00:52:56,289
ALREADY MENTIONED HERE ALL OF 

1522
00:52:56,289 --> 00:52:57,824
THE ADVANCEMENTS IN 

1523
00:52:57,824 --> 00:52:59,326
UNDERSTANDING OF SPACE WEATHER. 

1524
00:52:59,326 --> 00:53:02,329
AND SO, YOU KNOW, THAT'S KIND OF

1525
00:53:02,329 --> 00:53:04,531
WHERE OUR TWO AGENCIES PLAY 

1526
00:53:04,531 --> 00:53:07,000
VERY, VERY REAL TOGETHER. 

1527
00:53:07,000 --> 00:53:09,169
NASA IS OUT THERE TO UNDERSTAND 

1528
00:53:09,169 --> 00:53:11,605
KNOW T AND NOAA TAKING THE DATA 

1529
00:53:11,605 --> 00:53:14,641
THAT REALLY IMPACTS OUR ABILITY 

1530
00:53:14,641 --> 00:53:18,712
TO PREDICT AND FORECAST THE -- 

1531
00:53:18,712 --> 00:53:21,248
FROM THE ADVANCEMENT OF NONLS 

1532
00:53:21,248 --> 00:53:25,085
AND TAMPA EVOLVES TOGETHER OUR 

1533
00:53:25,085 --> 00:53:26,152
UNDERSTANDING AND ABILITY TO 

1534
00:53:26,152 --> 00:53:27,554
PROVIDE THE SERVICES THAT ARE 

1535
00:53:27,554 --> 00:53:30,023
NEEDED FOR THE COMMERCIAL SECTOR

1536
00:53:30,023 --> 00:53:31,524
IN THE SATELLITES. 

1537
00:53:31,524 --> 00:53:34,394
IT IS GOING TO IMPACT THE 

1538
00:53:34,394 --> 00:53:36,463
ARTEMIS PROGRAM AS WELL. 

1539
00:53:36,463 --> 00:53:37,664
AND THEN THE GROUND SYSTEMS THAT

1540
00:53:37,664 --> 00:53:39,432
WE ALSO TALKED ABOUT THAT ARE 

1541
00:53:39,432 --> 00:53:42,135
IMPACT BY SPACE WEATHER. 

1542
00:53:42,135 --> 00:53:44,971
>> MAYBE -- JUST A LITTLE BIT 

1543
00:53:44,971 --> 00:53:45,305
MORE. 

1544
00:53:45,305 --> 00:53:47,173
SOMETHING IS INTERESTING IMAP 

1545
00:53:47,173 --> 00:53:50,477
THAT CAUSED NASA HELIOPHYSICS TO

1546
00:53:50,477 --> 00:53:52,178
TALK OF OUR FUTURE MISSIONS AS 

1547
00:53:52,178 --> 00:53:54,547
WELL AND IDENTIFIED A SUBSET OF 

1548
00:53:54,547 --> 00:53:57,284
THESE DATA THAT IS TYPICAL TO 

1549
00:53:57,284 --> 00:53:58,151
FORECASTING. 

1550
00:53:58,151 --> 00:54:01,154
WE LAUNCH ONE OUR NASA SCIENCE 

1551
00:54:01,154 --> 00:54:02,956
MISSIONS FEEDING INTO THANK 

1552
00:54:02,956 --> 00:54:05,659
ECONOMIC VISION, TAKES A PROCESS

1553
00:54:05,659 --> 00:54:08,261
OF WEEKS AND MONTHS TO CURAT TEX

1554
00:54:08,261 --> 00:54:10,664
AND READY FOR THE SCIENTIFIC, IF

1555
00:54:10,664 --> 00:54:12,999
YOU WERE CLINTON AND IN CHARGE 

1556
00:54:12,999 --> 00:54:13,967
EVER FORECASTING, MONTHS IS NOT 

1557
00:54:13,967 --> 00:54:14,734
GOOD ENOUGH. 

1558
00:54:14,734 --> 00:54:18,371
HOW TO GET CERTAIN DATA SETS NOW

1559
00:54:18,371 --> 00:54:20,373
THAT WE IDENTIFIED THEM IN OUR 

1560
00:54:20,373 --> 00:54:21,641
SCIENCE MISSION INTO THE HANDS 

1561
00:54:21,641 --> 00:54:22,642
OF THE FORECASTERS. 

1562
00:54:22,642 --> 00:54:24,511
IMAP WILL BE DOING A LITTLE BIT 

1563
00:54:24,511 --> 00:54:25,478
OF THAT BUT SOMETHING TO LEARN 

1564
00:54:25,478 --> 00:54:29,015
OF THE A LOT OF THE HELIOPHYSICS

1565
00:54:29,015 --> 00:54:30,650
MISSION, WHICH IS CRITICAL TO 

1566
00:54:30,650 --> 00:54:31,751
FORECASTING, HOW TO GET THEM 

1567
00:54:31,751 --> 00:54:33,620
QUICKER INTO THE HAND OF THE 

1568
00:54:33,620 --> 00:54:35,188
FORECASTER AND PUT THUPT PUBLIC 

1569
00:54:35,188 --> 00:54:37,390
FORECAST DAY IN AND DAY UP TO. 

1570
00:54:37,390 --> 00:54:38,124
>> ALL RIGHT. 

1571
00:54:38,124 --> 00:54:39,759
OPENING WE HAVE TIME FOR ONE 

1572
00:54:39,759 --> 00:54:41,127
MORE QUESTION IN THE ROOM. 

1573
00:54:41,127 --> 00:54:43,730
SO ARE THERE ANY QUESTIONS?

1574
00:54:43,730 --> 00:54:45,699
ALL RIGHT, RIGHT HERE IN THE 

1575
00:54:45,699 --> 00:54:46,032
FRONT. 

1576
00:54:46,032 --> 00:54:47,567
>> HI, KEN KRAMER, SPACE UP 

1577
00:54:47,567 --> 00:54:48,335
CLOSE AGAIN. 

1578
00:54:48,335 --> 00:54:52,238
I WANT TO ASK YOU ABOUT THE 

1579
00:54:52,238 --> 00:54:52,639
CURIOSITY. 

1580
00:54:52,639 --> 00:54:55,175
THE CHARGED PARTICLES HITTING 

1581
00:54:55,175 --> 00:54:55,575
CURIOSITY. 

1582
00:54:55,575 --> 00:54:59,179
LOVE THE ROVERS. 

1583
00:54:59,179 --> 00:55:00,880
WAS THERE A WARNING FOR 

1584
00:55:00,880 --> 00:55:02,983
CURIOSITY AHEAD OF TIME THAT WAS

1585
00:55:02,983 --> 00:55:05,185
COMING? HOW DID THAT ALL HAPPEN 

1586
00:55:05,185 --> 00:55:06,686
THAT YOU LOOKED AT THOSE 

1587
00:55:06,686 --> 00:55:09,956
PICTURES AND SAW THAT THOSE WERE

1588
00:55:09,956 --> 00:55:11,057
CHARGED PARTICLES. 

1589
00:55:11,057 --> 00:55:13,293
REALTIME DATA AHEAD HE TIME AND 

1590
00:55:13,293 --> 00:55:15,261
HOW IT WORKS OUT. 

1591
00:55:15,261 --> 00:55:17,831
>> YES, A GREAT QUESTION. 

1592
00:55:17,831 --> 00:55:21,868
SOME FOR YOU TOO US THINGS. 

1593
00:55:21,868 --> 00:55:23,937
AND WE ARE SPURRED OUT ACROSS 

1594
00:55:23,937 --> 00:55:24,537
THE SOLAR SYSTEM. 

1595
00:55:24,537 --> 00:55:27,240
IN A VERY FORTUNATE WAY, 

1596
00:55:27,240 --> 00:55:28,174
OBSERVATIONSES THAT WE DON'T 

1597
00:55:28,174 --> 00:55:29,876
TYPICALLY HAVE. 

1598
00:55:29,876 --> 00:55:33,747
MARS WAS ROUGHLY 079 DEGREES 

1599
00:55:33,747 --> 00:55:35,548
AWAY FROM NEWS OR BIT FROM THE 

1600
00:55:35,548 --> 00:55:35,982
SUN. 

1601
00:55:35,982 --> 00:55:37,283
WE WERE ABLE TO TRACK THE SUN 

1602
00:55:37,283 --> 00:55:39,386
SPOT REGION THAT GAVE US THE BIG

1603
00:55:39,386 --> 00:55:40,286
STORM HERE. 

1604
00:55:40,286 --> 00:55:41,588
AND KEEP TRACKING IT BECAUSE 

1605
00:55:41,588 --> 00:55:42,922
SPACEKRA OF THE IN DIFFERENT 

1606
00:55:42,922 --> 00:55:43,323
LOCATIONS. 

1607
00:55:43,323 --> 00:55:44,657
WE KNEW IT WAS REMAINING VERY 

1608
00:55:44,657 --> 00:55:48,094
ACTIVE AND SEEING SOME OF THESE 

1609
00:55:48,094 --> 00:55:48,428
FLARES. 

1610
00:55:48,428 --> 00:55:50,030
SOME EVIDENCE FROM SOME OF THE 

1611
00:55:50,030 --> 00:55:51,464
OBSERVATIONS ON THE FAR SIDE OF 

1612
00:55:51,464 --> 00:55:54,100
THE SUN. 

1613
00:55:54,100 --> 00:55:54,834
SOME OF THE LARGEST FLARES WE 

1614
00:55:54,834 --> 00:55:58,071
EVER MEASURED WERE OFF OF THAT 

1615
00:55:58,071 --> 00:55:58,405
REGION. 

1616
00:55:58,405 --> 00:56:01,941
AND. 

1617
00:56:01,941 --> 00:56:02,809
FORTUNATELY WE WERE GATHERING 

1618
00:56:02,809 --> 00:56:04,978
SOME DATA HELPING US DO THAT. 

1619
00:56:04,978 --> 00:56:05,979
SOME FOLKS IN THE SCIENCE 

1620
00:56:05,979 --> 00:56:09,649
COMMUNITY THAT DO KIND OF ADHOC 

1621
00:56:09,649 --> 00:56:10,750
FORECASTING ON. 

1622
00:56:10,750 --> 00:56:12,685
ON THE MARS SIDE OF THING. 

1623
00:56:12,685 --> 00:56:15,321
NOT MANY PEOPLE AT MARS WHO CARE

1624
00:56:15,321 --> 00:56:16,990
WHAT GOING ON RECEIPT NOW. 

1625
00:56:16,990 --> 00:56:20,493
FEW PEOPLE THAT PAY ATTENTION. 

1626
00:56:20,493 --> 00:56:26,232
ONE DAY WE WILL CARE 

1627
00:56:26,232 --> 00:56:27,000
TREMENDOUSLY OF THOSE DEEP OF 

1628
00:56:27,000 --> 00:56:27,333
THINGS. 

1629
00:56:27,333 --> 00:56:28,068
LUCKILY WE HAVE ALONG WITH THE 

1630
00:56:28,068 --> 00:56:28,802
CAMERA ON SOME OF THE ROVERS, ON

1631
00:56:28,802 --> 00:56:29,803
CURIOSITY IN PARTICULAR, A 

1632
00:56:29,803 --> 00:56:32,872
SENSOR AND AN INSTRUMENT THAT 

1633
00:56:32,872 --> 00:56:34,040
MEASURES THOSE RADIATION 

1634
00:56:34,040 --> 00:56:37,143
PARTICLES ON THE SURFACE OF 

1635
00:56:37,143 --> 00:56:37,477
MARS. 

1636
00:56:37,477 --> 00:56:37,944
REAL DATA. 

1637
00:56:37,944 --> 00:56:41,948
THE LARGEST EVENT WE EVER SEEN 

1638
00:56:41,948 --> 00:56:43,083
WAS THAT INCIDENT FROM THAT 

1639
00:56:43,083 --> 00:56:46,052
ROVER AT MARS. 

1640
00:56:46,052 --> 00:56:49,589
>> THAT WE RECORDED. 

1641
00:56:49,589 --> 00:56:51,758
>> IT IS R.A.D. 

1642
00:56:51,758 --> 00:56:54,861
CALLED R.A.D. THE NAME -- TO 

1643
00:56:54,861 --> 00:56:57,397
THE R.A.D. INSTRUMENT ON THAT 

1644
00:56:57,397 --> 00:56:57,730
ROVER. 

1645
00:56:57,730 --> 00:56:58,865
>> THANK YOU. 

1646
00:56:58,865 --> 00:56:59,599
>> ALL RIGHT. 

1647
00:56:59,599 --> 00:57:00,667
THAT BRINGS TOUTS END OF THIS 

1648
00:57:00,667 --> 00:57:01,768
NEWS CONFERENCE. 

1649
00:57:01,768 --> 00:57:04,671
SO THANK YOU TO EVERYONE WHO 

1650
00:57:04,671 --> 00:57:05,105
PARTICIPATED. 

1651
00:57:05,105 --> 00:57:07,006
FOR MISSION UPDATES AND TO LEARN

1652
00:57:07,006 --> 00:57:08,374
MORE OF EACH OF THESE MISSIONS, 

1653
00:57:08,374 --> 00:57:11,211
YOU CAN VITTING VISIT 

1654
00:57:11,211 --> 00:57:11,644
NASA.GOV/SUN. 

1655
00:57:11,644 --> 00:57:13,746
AND, AGAIN, TUESDAY'S LAUNCH IS 

1656
00:57:13,746 --> 00:57:16,116
SLATED FOR 7:32 A.M. EASTERN 

1657
00:57:16,116 --> 00:57:16,416
TIME. 

1658
00:57:16,416 --> 00:57:18,384
WE HOPE YOU CAN JOIN US FOR LIVE

1659
00:57:18,384 --> 00:57:20,854
COVERAGE ON NASA PLUS AND THE 

1660
00:57:20,854 --> 00:57:22,288
AGENCY'S SOCIAL MEDIA CHANNELS 

1661
00:57:22,288 --> 00:57:23,990
AT 6:40 A.M. EASTERN. 

1662
00:57:23,990 --> 00:57:27,160
FIND WAYS TO WATCH AT THE URL ON

1663
00:57:27,160 --> 00:57:28,161
YOUR SCREEN. 

1664
00:57:28,161 --> 00:57:30,430
THANK YOU FOR GOING TODAY. 

1665
00:57:30,430 --> 00:57:32,198
GO IMAP GO CURRUTHERS. 

1666
00:57:32,198 --> 00:57:33,933
AND GO SWFO-L1.