DRAGON SPACEX, GO FOR LAUNCH.
♪ ♪
>> HELLO AND WELCOME TO
MISNASA'S DEN KENNEDY SPACE TEN
SEN STER.
TODAY WE ARE COUNTING DOUB THE
LAUNCH OF SPACEX'S 25th
RESUPPLY MISSION TO THE
INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION FOR
NASA.
ONBOARD IS MORE THAN 5800 POUNDS
OF SCIENCE EXPERIMENTS, CREW
SUPPLY AND OTHER CARGO BUT TODAY
WE ARE FOCUSING ON EXPERIMENTS
THAT ARE FOCUSED ON EARTH
SCIENCE.
WE'LL ALSO DISCUSS NASA SEA
CLIMATE REZ SEARCH PORTFOLIO AND
HOW WE ARE WORKING WITHING TO
BET OTHER UNDERSTANDS CLIMATE
CHANGE AND NEED TO TALK ABOUT
THAT TOO MUCH THOUGH BECAUSE WE
HAVE A GREAT PANEL OF FOLKS HERE
TODAY WHO WILL DO JUST A SO LET
ME GO ATHE AND INTRODUCE THEM
FIRST UP WE HAVE KATE CALVIN
NASA'S CHIEF SCIENTISTS AND
SEENIER CLIMATE ADVISER AND
ASSOCIATE SCIENTISTS OF THE
INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION
PROGRAM, MIKE ROBERTS
INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION
NATIONAL LAB CHIEF SCIENTISTS,
ROB GREENE, SENIOR RESEARCH
SIREN DYSAT THE JET PROPULSION
LAB TO RUN A THE PRINCIPLE
INVESTIGATOR OF THE EARTH
SURFACE MINERAL SOURCE
INVESTIGATION ALSO KNOWN AS NASA
INSTRUMENT WHICH WILL IDENTIFY
THE COMPOSITION OF MINERAL DUST
TO SEE WHAT EFFECTS IT HAS ON
THE PLANET.
FINALLY, PAULA, PER REQUIRE ARE
A, MECHANICAL END I NEARING
ANTEING LEAD OF THE CUBESAT OUT
THE MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF
TECHNOLOGY AND FIRST HEAR BRIEF
REMARKS FROM EVERYONE AND OPEN
IT UP TO Q&A FOR MODE WHY IN THE
RAM AND THE PHONE LYNN AND
TAKING QUESTIONS VIA SOCIAL
MEDIA THEN SUBMIT A QUESTION NOW
FOR US TO ASK LATER BUY USING
THE HASHTAG ASK NASA WITH THAT I
WILL TURN IT OVER TO TO KATE
CALVIN TO KICK US OFF.
THANK YOU, TYLER.
ONE OF NASA'S MOST IMPORTANT
MIGS THE HOME PLANET.
WE ARE THE U.S. SPACE AGENCY
THAT DOES END TO END RESEARCH
ABOUT EARTH AND INCLUDING
OBSERVATIONS, MODELS AND
TECHNOLOGY.
HE LOAD THE FIRST ANIMATION.
WE HAVE MOSHE BETWEEN DOZEN
SATELLITES THAT LET US KNOW WHAT
IS HAPPENING ON EARTH HERE
TODAY.
THIS ANIMATION IS SHOWING OUR
CURRENT EARTH OBSERVING FLEET
AND FROM THIS FLEET WE CAN SEE
THINGS LIKE CARBON DIE OX XIS
AND LOUD ARE CLOUDS, VEGETATION,
CHANGE MASSIVE ICE SHEET AND
MUCH MORE SUNS WE HAVE BEEN
OBSERVING THE TEETHER ARE EARTH
FOR DECADE WE CAN SEE NOT JUST
THE STATE TODAY BUT HOW IT
CHANGED OVERTIME.
WE HAVE MORE SATELLITES COMING
UP YOU AND COMING YEARS
INCLUDING ONE LATER THIS FALL
CALLED SLOT THAT WILL LOOK AT
WATER THEN ALSO STARTING THE
FORM LAKES OF THE EARTH SYSTEM
AND THE NEXT SET OF EARTH
OBSERVING SATELLITE OS THAT WILL
WORK TOGETHER TO PROVIDE 3D
HOLISTIC PICTURE.
WE DEVELOPED TECH HOLE INS TO
HELP US ADOPT TO CLIMATE CHANGE
LIKE OUR SUSTAINABLE AVIATION
TECH MOLE THERE GIS THEN WE
WORKED WITH THE AVIATION
INDUSTRY FOR DECADES TO REDUCE
ENERGY USE AND EMISSION IN
AIRCRAFT AND THEN IF YOU SHOW
THE NEXT IMAGE, WE ARE DOLING
NEW TECHNOLOGIES SO LATER THIS
YEAR WE ARE TEXTING THE X57
WHICH WHICH IS ALL ELECTRIC AND
USE THIS TO TEST THE AIR
WORTHINESS OF BATTERY AND
ELECTRIC TECHNOLOGY.
WE ALSO LIB AND WORK WITH IN
SPACE ON THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE
STATION.
MOUNTED ON THE SPACE STATION ARE
SEVERAL EARTH OBSERVING STREWN
YOU TIMES AND THERE IS SEVERAL
ON THERE TODAY AND MORE GOING UP
TOMORROW SO HERE TO TALK ABOUT
EMIT AND ONE OF THE SPACE
INSTRUMENTS THEY ARE PUT ON THE
INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION.
IF YOU LOAD THE LAST ANIMATION,
THIS IS ANIMATION OF THE
INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION AND
DESIGNED TO SHOW EMIT AND SO
EMIT IS INSTRUMENT THAT WILL
LOOK SAT MINERAL DUST AND IT US
ON THE PARTICULAR RESUPPLY
MISSION THEN HEAR MORE ABOUT IT
FROM OTHER ON THE OPINION T.
THANK YOU, BACK TO YOU TYLER.
NOW WE'LL GO TO HEIDI PAR RUSS
ASSOCIATE SCIENTISTS OF THE
INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION
PROGRAM.
>> ALL RIGHT THANK YOU, TYLER.
WELL INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION
IS A STATE-OF-THE-ART ORBITING
LAB TO ARE YOU AND IT IS EN BE
AING SEE YOU SCIENTIST AND THE
WORLD TO TAKE ADVANTAGE THE
UNIQUE RESEARCH ENVIRONMENT THAT
INCLUDE THIS STANED ACCESS TO
MICROGRAVITY ENVIRONMENT AND
INCLUDES EXPOSURE TO THIS
EXTREME AND HARSH CONDITIONS OF
SPACE AND ALSO INCLUDES ACCESS
TO PLATFORMING AND IDEAL
LOCATION IN LOWER EARTH ORBIT
THAT LETS US STUDY HOW THE EARTH
IS CHANGING OVERTIME.
THE RESEARCH ONBOARD THE SPACE
STATION SPANS EVERY MAJORITIES
PALESTINIAN AND INCLUDING BUY
LOCAL GIANT HUMAN RESEARCH,
PHYSICAL SCIENCES EARTH AND
SPACE SCIENCES, EDUCATIONAL
OUTREACH AND ALSO DEVELOPMENT
AND DEMONSTRATION OF NEW
TECHNOLOGIES BUT ALL OF THAT
RESEARCH IS BEING DONE WITH A
SINGLE GOAL IN MIND THAT IS TO
BRING BENEFITS TO US AS A HUMAN
RACE.
THEN SOMETIMES BENEFITS LOOK
LIKE NEW MEDICINES WHERE SHALL
NEW TECHNOLOGIES OR
IMPROVEMENTED PRODUCTS THAT WE
SEE IMPACTING OUR DAILY LIVES
AND SOMETIMES THOSE BENEFITS
LOOK LIKE DISCOVERIES THAT CAN
INFORM AND IMPACT SOCIETY ON A
MORE GLOBAL SCALE.
SO WHEN IT COMES TO CLIMATE
RESEARCH SPECIFICALLY THERE ARE
A COUPLE OF FACTORS THAT MAKE
INTERNATIONAL SPILLINGS STATION
A REALLY GREAT FLIES STUDY THE
EARTH AND THE FIRST ONE IS THE
KNACK WE HAVE A CREW ONBOARD AND
IF YOU CAN COUPE THE FIRST
PICTURE SOS A TRO THROUGHOUTS
HAVE TAKEN OVER 2.5 MILLION
PHOTOS OF THE EARTH DURING THE
TIME THAT THE INTERNATIONAL PACE
STATION HAS BEEN IN ORBIT THAT
IS PART OF THE LONGEST RUNNING
INVESTIGATIONS THAT WE HAVE ON
THE ISS CALLED CREW EARTH
OBSERVATIONS THEN THOSE PHOTOS
ARE USED BY RESEARCHES ON THE
GROUND IN A VARIETY OF WAY WITHS
FROM TRACKING THE CHANGES IN
VOLCANO AND GLACIER MOVEMENTS TO
TRACKING HOW THE PATHS OF END
ENDANGERED SPECIES OF BIRDS HAVE
CHANGED OVER TIME AND USED TO
AID IN RESPONSE TO THE DISASTER
SITUATIONS THINGS LIKE WILDFIRE
AND HURRICANES.
THE SECOND REASON THAT MAKE THE
ISS SUCH A GREAT PLACE TO DO
EARTH SCIENCE IS THE FACT IT
VERY UNIQUE ORBIT SO IT PASSES
OVER 90% OF THE POPULATED
REGIONS ON THE EARTH AND DOES IT
AT ALL DIFFERENT TIMES DAY AND
NIGHT AND THAT ALLOWS RESEARCHES
TO COLLECT COMPREHENSIVE DATA
SEAT SETHS THAT MOST REMOTE
SENSING SATELLITES DON'T
NECESSARILY SEE AND PUT THE
SECOND IMAGE UP, PLEASE.
SO INTERNATIONALE SPACE STATION
HASES A SUITE OF EXTERNALLY
MOUNTED REMOTE SENSING
SATELLITES OUTSIDE OF THE SPACE
STATION.
AND THESE ARE STUDYING THE EARTH
AND THE WAY THE ECOSYSTEM IS
CHANGING IN A VARIETY OF
DIFFERENT WAYS THEN HEAR MORE
ABOUT SOME OF THOSE THAT ARE
COMING UP IN A FEW MINUTES.
BUT ONE THING I FIND VERY
INTERESTING IS THAT ALTHOUGH
ANTICIPATE OF THESE EXPERTS DEA
AND SO INDEPENDENTLY, THE NATURE
OF THE OBSERVATIONS IS COME PLY
MEN TAR VOW IT REALLY GIVES US
AN UNPRECEDENTED OPPORTUNITY TO
UNDERSTAND THE INTRADEPEND SY
BETWEEN THE CHANGE WE ARE OHING
COULD BETWEEN THE ECOSYSTEM.
WITH THAT, BACK TO YOU, TYLER.
NOW WE'LL GO TO MIKE ROBERTS
INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION
NATIONAL LAB CHIEF SCIENTISTS.
THANK YOU, TYLER.
IN ADDITIONING TO THE WONDERFUL
INSTRUMENTS AND THE ABILITY TO
SUPPORT RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY
DEVELOPMENT THAT ADDRESSES SO
MANY OF THE NEEDS OF HUMAN
SOCIETY NOT JUST HERE IN THE
UNITED STATES BUT AROUND THE
WORLD.
THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION
IS ALSO UNIQUE IN ITS ABILITY TO
HOST INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION
NATIONAL LABORATORY THE NATIONAL
LABORATORY UNLIKE A LOT THE
OTHER PROJECT ON THE
INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION NOT
ONLY SEEKS TO ADDRESS GOALS THAT
BENEFIT HUMANITY AND DEFINED
WITHIN NASA'S RESEARCH PORTFOLIO
THE ISS NATIONAL LAB ENABLINGS
ACCESS BY OTHER GOVERNMENT AGE
BEENCISION WITHIN THE UNITED
STATES CORPORATIONS AND ACADEMIC
INSTITUTIONS DIRECTLY GAIN
ACCESS TO SPACE AND SUPPORT
THOSE SAME SUPPORT ARE IMPORTANT
GOALS.
SO WITH THE SUBJECT OF CLI MATE
CHANGE AND OUR UNDERSTANDING OF
THE NEED TO NOT ONLY THINK
GLOBALLY BUT ACT LOCALLY IN
ADDRESSING THAT, THE ISS
NATIONAL LAB PORTFOLIO HAS FOR A
LONG TIME INCLUDED SEVERAL
PROJECTS AND FUNDED DIRECTLY BY
INDUSTRY AND OTHER GOVERNMENT
AGENCIES FOCUSED NOT ONLY ON
CLIMATE CHANGE BUT ISSUES OF
SUSTAIN ECT AND HAS THE FIRST
GRAPHIC, PLEASE.
THIS IS A PHOTOGRAPH FROM
ONBOARD THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE
STATION AND TAKEN LAST YEAR WITH
SHANE KIMBROUGH IN THE
PHOTOGRAPH SHANE KIMBROUGH THE
ASTRONAUT IS INTERACTING WITHER
EXPECTMENT THAT WAS SPONSORED AS
PART OF THE SUSTAINABILITY
CHALLENGE THAT WAS FUNDED BY THE
TARGET CORPORATION.
SO SHANE IS WORKING WITH WITH
COTTON.
COTTON IS EXTREMELY IMPORTANT TO
THE TEXTILE INDUSTRY OF A
WORLDWIDING A PRI CULTURAL
COMMODITY THAT IS GROWN IN MANY
DIFFERENT REGIONS ACROSS THE
WORLD AND IN ALL OF THOSE
REGIONS IT SHARE SASS COMMON
DEFICIT IN THAT IT, A VERY
CONSUMER OF WATER SO IN MANY
AREA OF THE WORLD, WHERE COTTON
IS GROWN IT IS IMPORTANT
AGRICULTURAL COMMODITY AND COME
MEETING FOR WATER RESOURCES SO
THE TARGET CORPORATION
CONTRIBUTED ONE MILLION IN PART
HERSHIP WITH THE ISS NATIONAL
LAB TO SPONSOR FREE RESEARCH
EFFORTS OUTLIZING MICROGRAVITY
AND UNIQUE ASPECTS OF THAT EN
VINEMENT TO SUPPORT VEXES IN
AREA AND WE HAVE THE NEXT
PHOTOGRAPH.
THESE INVESTIGATIONS CONTINUE
EARLIER THIS YEAR AND ASTRONAUT
MARK VANDE HEI IN JANUARY OF THE
YEARER INTERACTING WITH THE
SECOND EX PERMANENT AGAIN AND
FOCUSING ON THE MICROGRAVITY
ENVIRONMENT SO WHEN I MENTIONED
THINK GLOBALLY AND ACT LOCALLY,
THESE ARE NOT EARTH OBSERVING
SENSORS BUT THESE ARE REAL WORLD
SOLUTIONS THAT ARE BEING TESTED
IN A HARSH ENVIRONMENT IN
MICROGRAVITY THAT CHALLENGES
PLANTS TO UNDER HERB STAND HOW
TO ADDRESS THE EFFECTS OF
CLIMATE CHANGE AND IN PROVE OUR
ABILITY TO SUSTAIN OUR
OPERATIONS GOING FORWARD.
ON THIS MISSION TO SPACE, TO
SPACEX HERE IN 25 IS GOING TO
EXECUTE AND THE NEXT CHART,
PLEASE.
WE HAVE ANOTHER EX PEAL OF
COMMERCIAL ENGAGEMENT SUPPORTING
RESEARCH AND TECH THOLING
WILLING GY GOVERNMENT ON THE
INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION.
IN THIS EXAMPLE PROCCOR AND
GAMBLE IS GOING TO BE FLYING
COMMERCIAL PRODUCTS THAT THEY
OFFER HERE ON EARTH.
FOR CLEANING TEXTILES.
THE ADVANTAGE OF UTILIZING THESE
TEXTILES IS TEXTILE CLEANING
PRODUCTS IN THE SPACE FRIGHT IS
TO UNDERSTAND HOW WE CAN USE
THEM BUS THEY DON'T REQUIRE
ACCESS TO WATER.
SO PROC ORE AND GAMBLE HAS FLOWN
A SERIES OF EXPERIMENTS FOCUSED
ON IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF THE
CONSUMER ROD DUCK THEN SOME OF
THESE ARE BEGINNING TO LOOK AT
WAYS TO ADDRESS WALTER SCARCITY
WHICH IS ISSUE FOR MANY CONSUMER
PRODUCTS.
IN ADDITION TO THESE EFFORTS
THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION
NATIONAL LABORATORY IS ALSO
SPONSORED AND NEATER WITH OTHER
INDUSTRY ORGANIZATION INCLUDING
ESTEE LAW DAY AT THE ISS
RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
CONFERENCE AND JUST OVER A WEEK
IN WASHINGTON D.C. WILL BE
ANNOUNCING TWO WINNERS AND OF
THE ESTEE LEDEE SUSTAINABILITY
CHAL LING PARTNERSHIP WITH THE
ISS NATIONAL LAB THAT WILL
SPONSOR TWO ADDITIONAL FLIGHT
EXPERIMENTS LEVERAGING THE
UNIQUE ENVIRONMENT.
AND RESEARCH THAT CAN DIRECTLY
ADDRESS SOME OF THIS EVEHICLES
OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE SUSTAIN
K ISSUES.
AND SOP THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE
STATION NATIONAL LAB SUPPORTS
NASA AND LOOKS FORWARD TO THIS
MISSION TOMORROW AND HOPES TO BE
ABLE TO EXPAND THE PORTFOLIO FOR
CLIMATE CHANGE SCIENCE IN THE
FUTURE.
BACK TO YOU.
THANK YOU.
>> THANK YOU, MIKE.
>> AND NEXT WE WILL HEAR FROM
ROB GREEN SENIOR RESEARCH
SCIENTIST AT THE JET PROPULSION
LABORATORY AND THE PRINCIPLE
INVESTIGATOR.
>> THANKS.
AM EXCITED TO TALK TO YOU ABOUT
THIS TODAY.
INTERESTINGLY THE EARTH AS
MINERAL DUST CYCLE AND THE
MINERALS MAKE UP PARTICLE IN
THIS IN THE REGIONS OF THE
PLANET UNDER CONDITIONS OF HIGH
WINDS AND THESE MINERALS GET
LAUNCHED INTO THE ATMOSPHERE
WHERE THEY CAN HEAT OR COOL THE
PLANET AND THEY CAN FORM
CLOUDANCE THERE IS A HOST OF
OTHER INTERACTIONS THEY HAVE
WITH OUR SYSTEM WE ARE GOING TO
CLOSE A GAP IN KNOWLEDGE ABOUT
THOSE MINERALS DUST SOURCE
RESURGES OF THE PLANET AND RIGHT
NOW IT IS TO 5,000 MINERAL
ANALYSIS WHERE THEY HAVE BEEN
CLOAK AND MANNIZED THEN EMIT
COMPLETES THE MISSION, WE WILL
HAVE A BILLION DIRECT
OBSERVATIONS OF THE MINERAL
COMPOSITION OF THE EARTH'S LAND
BUT THAT'S THE GAP WE ARE GOING
TO CLOSE WITH EMIT.
COULD I HAVE THE FIRST ONE,
PLEASE.
THIS IS DEFICTION OF EMIT AND
PLEASED TO BE GOING AND THE
PERFECT ORBIT FOR US AND COVERS
THE AIR LAND REGIONS OF THE
PLANET FROM AFTER A TO NORTH
AMERICA TO SOUTH AMERICA, JUST
WONDERFULLY.
AND THEN GAIN, THIS IMAGE
DEPICTS HOW WE WILL PEEL BACK
THE CURRENT YELLOW INNER
STANDING OF THE MINERAL
COMPOSITION AND REALLY PUT HIGH
FIDELITY KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE
MINERAL ON THE EARTH THAT KICK
AND LAUNCH HOP TO THE ATMOSPHERE
AND INTERACT WITHOUT THE EARTH'S
SYSTEM COULD I HAVE THE NEXT
SLADE, PLEASE, THEN AGAIN DEPICT
THIS IS DEPICTING THE IMPACT OF
MINERAL DUST THROUGHOUT THE
EARTH'S SYSTEM AND IMPORTANT
STILL WHEN IS THE DUST PERT
KELLS GET LOFTED INTO THE
ATMOSPHERE AND DARK OR BREAK
THEY CAN ABSORB OR SCATTER
ENERGY OR HEAT OR COOL THE EARTH
AND PLAY A ROLE IN CLOUD
FORMATION AND WHEN THEY ARE
DEPOSITED IN THE OCEANEST THIS
FERTILIZE THOSE OCEAN WHEN THEY
ARE DEPOSITED AND THEY COULD BE
IMPORTANT NUTRIENT AS WELL.
AND WHEN THEY LAND ON SNOW, OR
COME FROM CALIFORNIA, THEY ARE
ACELEBRATE SNOW MELT AND THAT
IMPACTS WATER RESOURCE
AVAILABILITY BOTH IN CALIFORNIA
AND I MANY PARTS OF THE WORLD,
THEN, DIRECTLY, THEN THEY
INTERACT WITH US ON THE SURFACE
THEY DO BE A VISIBILITY HAZARD
THEN A TOXIC HAZE A IN TERMS OF
NATURE AND SO THAT IS THE
ELEMENT AND WE ARE GOING TO
ADDRESS THAT BYUNDER STANING THE
COMPOSITION OF THOSE PARTICLE
SELLS WITH THESE MEASUREMENTS
NEXT.
I THINK I HAVE A DEPICTION IN
THE NEXT VIDEO OF WHAT IT LOOKS
LIKE WHEN PIN RAL DUST IS
LAUNCHED INTO THE ATMOSPHERE AND
THIS FRIGS ONE OF THE CO
INVESTIGATORS AND CARLOS PEREZ
IN MOROCCO AND MAKE GROUND
MEASUREMENTS WHEN CAPTURED IN A
DUST STORM IN THE SUFFER FACE
AND SEE WHAT IT IS LIKE WHEN
THOSE CONDITIONS APPLY AND LOST
INTO THE ATS OFFICER.
THEN, IF YOU ARE GOING NEXT
SLIDE I WANT TO DRIVE HOME THE
POINTING THAT IS GLOBAL PHNOM
NOON THE DUST STORMS CAN BE
ENORM THOUSANDS IS ONE FROM 2020
WHERE YOU CAN SEE THE DUST
LEAVING NORTH AFRICA AND THEN
ACTUALLY TRAVELED TO TEXAN OVER
FLORIDA AND IT CHANGED THE
VISIBILITY HAZARD IMPLICATIONS
THEN IT FULFILLED ALL OF THOSE
ROYALS THEN THIS IS IMPORTANT
CYCLE IN THE EARTH'S SYSTEM AND
FITS WIN AS? CAPABILITY
ESPECIALLY WITH THIS NEW SYSTEM
OBSERVE SORRY TO BRING IMAGINE
ABOUT THESE SUB ELEMENTS OF THE
ETHER'S SYSTEM SO SO GO TO THE
NEXT IMAGE, PLEASE.
AND THEN THE APPROACH WE WILL
TAKE TO MEASURE THE SURFACE
COMPOSITION I WILL AND THAT
LIGHT HAS BEEN BATION ON MAIN!
MILLION IN ROLES THAT
FINGERPRINT WE MEASURE WITH EMIT
FROM THE ISSS THE WAY WELL HE BE
A ABLE TO DETERMINE WHAT THE
MINERAL COMPOSITION FOR THE
AIRLAND REGIONS OF THE PLANET
AND WE'LL ALSO BE PREPARATORY
AGAIN FOR THE MEASUREMENT THE
EASTERN THINGS THAT WILL BE
THANK YOU.
BACK TO YOU.
AND SHAPES AND IS HUGE BUT IT IS
RIGHT HERE AND VERY SMALL.
THERE IS ENGINEERING MODEL AND
IT IS ABOUT FOR INCHES WIDE.
AND HAS TWO MAIN MISSION GOALS
HELP BETTER UNDERSTAND THE
OCEANS AND THE OTHER ONE IS TO
TO BE ABLE TO UNDERSTANDS THIS
OCEANFRONT AND HAS THREE CAMERAS
TWO ON THE INFRARED AND THE
VISUAL SPECTRUM AND AND BE WITH
THAT WE CAN TRACK THE
TEMPERATURE OF THE OCEAN
SURFACE.
AGE GOING TO TAKE PICTURES OF
THE OCEAN AND TRACK VERY
IMPORTANT FACTOR IN PRODUCING
THE OXYGEN.
AND MESSAGES ARE VERY IMPORTANT
DATE FOR US AND THERE IS A LOFT
EFFECTS ON CLIMATE CHANGE ON THE
WATER AND GETTING VERY MUCH
WARMER AND IT IS SUM PLY
AFFECTING THE WATER SO GOING TO
FOCUS ON TAKING PICTURES THEN
TRACKING TEMPERATURES AND
CLIMATE CHANGE OF THAT REGION WE
ARE PARTNERING WITH SYSTEMS
WHICH ARE PUTTING IT INSIDE WITH
THE GOAL OF A BOOST IN THE ORBIT
SO WE CAN GO A FEW TENS OF METS
ARE UP AND EXTEND OH THIS
LIFETIME A LITTLE BIT THE
PROJECT INVESTIGATOR AND IF YOU
BRING THE FIRST IMAGE THIS IS
COMPUTER IMAGE AND YOU CAN SEE
THERE ARE MANY ELECTRICAL BOARDS
INSIDE OF IT AND THREE OF THOSE
BOARDS WERE DEVELOPED BY STUDENT
STU THEN THE TRUCK STURE WAS
DEVELOPED BY STUDENTS.
AND THE NEXT IMAGE SHOWS THE
OUTSIDE COMPLETE VERSION OF THE
CUBE AND IT WAS COMPLETELY
ASSEMBLED INTEGRATED AND TESTED
INSIDE OF.
TISM BY STUDENTS AND THE LAST
IMAGE SHOWS INSIDE WHICH IS THE
THING THAT IS GOING TO BE
HANDLED TO THE ASTROS NO INSIDE
OF THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE
STATION SO THEY CAN BE DEPLOYED
FROM THE ISS INTO THE ORBIT.
WITH HAVE THE HOPE WITH SUCH
SMALL AND SIMPLE SPACECRAFT WE
CAN PAVE THE WAY TO HAVE MORE
SPACECRAFTS THATS ARE SMALL AND
SIMPLE BE A THE CHANGE AROUND
ENTIRE GLOBE SO WE COULD
BETTERRER STAN IN THE FUTURE
BACK TO YOU.
THANK YOU EVERYONE FOR THOUGH
OVERVIEWS AND HOW TO GO TO THE
PORTION AND FIRST OPEN IT UP TO
FOLK VES IN THE ROOM AND
PHYSICIAN THERE ARE ANY
QUESTIONS.
YES.
STATE YOUR NAME AND OVER TO YOU.
THANK YOU.
MY QUESTION FOR PAULA, CAN YOU
TALK ABOUT THE SYSTEMS HOW DOES
THAT WORK COMPARED TO THE
AVERAGE SYSTEM.
SO THERE ARE TWO BIG KINDS OF
SYSTEMS ONE OF THEM IS CHEM CAN
AND THE OTHER IS ELECTRICAL AND
SO THIS IS ELECTRIC AND HAS
ICONS THAT ARE BECAUSE OF THE
DIFFERENT LEVELS THEN THAT
SHOOTS TUNE NY LIKE QUITTED
OUTSIDE AND THOSE DROPLETS GOING
OUT ON THE BACK PULL THE
SPACECRAFT FORWARD AND WE ARE
GOING TO TEST INSIDE WHICH IS
VERY RARE TO HAVE A UNIT INSIDE
OF THIS CUBE SAT BECAUSE IT IS
THE HIGHEST IT HAS TO SO SOB WE
HOPE IT WORKS NICELY AND
INCREASES THE ORBIT.
AND NOT SURE WHO TO DIRECT TO
BUT DESCRIBED A VARIETY OF SO
FIRST OF ALL, WHO DECIDES OR HOW
DOES NASA PRIORITIZE ALL OF
THESE ISSUES AND DECIDE WHO WILL
GET THERE IS SOMEONE THAT
PUTTINGSES THIS TOGETHER TO
PROVIDE KIND OF A LOOK AT
CLIMATE CHANGE AND THE EARTH
FROM NAS SEA A POINT OF VIEW?
THANK YOU.
>> DO YOU WANT TO?
>> YEAH I CAN START WITH THAT SO
WE HAVE A NUMBER OF DIFFERENT
SCIENCE SPONSORS THAT ARE
RESPONSIBLE FOR THE SCIENCE THAT
IS GOING ON ONBOARD THE STATION
AND TAKE OWNERSHIP OF THAT
SCIENCE SO CANNOT SPEAK TO THE
PROCESS OF WHICH THEY ARE GOING
TO PURSUE BUT ONCE THAT IS
DECIDE OR SELECTED BY THOSE IT
COMES TO THE INTERNATIONAL AND
AT THAT POINT WE COME BILE ALL
OF THE REQUESTED SCIENCE LANG
WITH THE PRI ORS AND GOES
THROUGH PLANNING FORMS TO MAKE
SURE WE HAVE IN N PUT FROM THE
SPONSORS AND HAVE SCIENCE THAT
WANTS TO BE LOOKING AT EARTH
SCIENCE AND ANY DIFFERENT AREAS
OF SCIENCE AND THEN ONCE THEY
GOES FRIED UPON THAT GOES TO
EXISTING EXTERNAL SITE WORKING
GROUP AND START LOOKING AT
ASSIGNING THOSE PAYLOADS TO
LOCATIONS WITH SPECIFIC LAUNCH
SERVICE REVIEWEDDERS THEN
PUTTING THOSE LAUNCH SERVICE ROW
VEERED ON CONTRACT FOR THOSE
EXPERTS THEN NOTE THIS PLANNING
PROCESS HAS TO START FAR INNED A
HAVE BEEN THEN AT THIS TIME IS
CRITICAL TO MAKE SURE THAT WE
ARE MAXIMIZING THE USE OF
INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION FOR
SCIENTISTIVE RESEARCH THEN TO DO
THAT WE HAVE TO PLAN EARLY
BECAUSE THEY TAKE A LONG TIME TO
TO GET INTEGRATED AND DESIGNED.
I WILL TOUCH ON THE SECOND PART
AND DOES HAVE THROUGHOUT THE AGE
OPINIONS THEN THE TEAMS AND
BASED AND OPERATIONS THROUGHOUT
THE AGENCY COMMUNICATE THAT
EXTERNALLY LAKE OTHER AGENCIES
AND OTHER INTERNATIONAL
PARTNERS.
THANK YOU.
DO WE HAVE ANY OTHER QUESTIONS
IN THE ROOM DO WE HAVE ANY OTHER
QUESTION IN THE ROOM.
I GOT A LOT OF QUESTIONS.
SO THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE
STATION IS GOING TO GO OUT OF
EXISTENCE SOON.
WELL, NOT SOON BAUN FEW YEARS.
WHAT IS GOING TO HAPPEN TO ALL
THE NEEDS THAT YOU HAVE JUST
DESCRIBED?
ARE THERE OTHER SPACE STATION.
HOW THAT IS GOING TO CONTINUE
ONCE IT GUESS OUT?
ANYBODY I CAN SPEAK TO THE
SCIENCE I AM INVOLVED WITH AND
FORT NATE THAT THERE IS AND ONE
WILL BE PART OF THAT IN THAT I
FUTURE AND CALLED FOR THAT FOR
SERVICE BIOLOGY AND BUY OL LOW
GIZ IN A INCLUDES INSTRUMENT
THAT IS QUITE SIMILAR TO SO
EXPECT THAT WILL BE A WONDERFUL
OPPORTUNITY IN FACT EXPAND THE
CLASS OF MEASUREMENTS OF THE
TIKE WE ARE TALKING ABOUT HERE
WITH EMIT FOR A BROAD SET AND
ALSO HELP THE ARE ME TARY FOR
CARD ME DUST INVESTIGATION
THROUGH TIME AND I THINK THAT
TURNS OUT TO BE FORTUNATE WITH
ME, THOUGH AND WILL BE SAD AT
ANY DAY THE ISS DOESN'T CONTINUE
TO EXIST AND PLATFORM FROM MY
PERSPECTIVE I CAN SPEAK MORE AND
IN FACT NOW WE ARE JUST TERNING
INTO THE THIRD DECADE OF AND
BEAK ABLE TO UTILIZE FOR
RESEARCH HAS BEEN EXPONENTIAL
EVERY YEAR AND WE NOW HAD OVER
3,000 AND BUILDING UPON EACH
OTHER AND CERTAINLY DON'T WANT
TO GET INTO A SITUATION WE DON'T
HAVE A SPACE STATION TO IN THIS
RESEARCH AND THAT IS ONE OF THE
KEY NEW THAT IS BEING DEVELOP
AND TRANSITION FROM A SPACE
STATION WHERE GOVERNMENT RUN RUN
BY NAS AND OTHERS INVOLVES IN
THE PARTNER BY COMMERCIAL
COMPANIES AND SO WE HAVE A
NUMBER OF COMMERCIAL
DESTINATIONS THAT COULD PICK
THAT YOU RESEARCH AND CONTINUE
ON DUG THAT IN THE FUTURE.
THAT IS CORRECT.
AND SPACE IS SPART OF THE
INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION WAN
COUPLE OF YEARS THEN THREE
ADDITIONAL ONE WITHS WHO ARE
DEVELOPING PLATFORMS SO HAS ISS
TRANSITION PLAN THAT HEIDI SPOKE
TO THAT DEA FOON WHAT'S THE PLAN
IS AND RUN WITH DATES TO
ESTABLISHING NEW R&B IN SPACE
BECOME RELAL TY AND ABLE TO BE
ABLE TO BE RESPONSIVE IN THE
SAME WAY WE HAVE SEEN
SIGNIFICANT IMPROVEMENTS IN
LAUNCH TECHNOLOGY FOR CAR GE AND
CREW LAUNCH TO INTERNATIONAL
SPACE STATION NASA REALIZES YOU
LO THE VALUE OF HAVING
COMMERCIAL ENGAGEMENT TO AND THE
COMMERCIAL DESTINATION PROGRAM
IS DID HE SOONED TO KICK-START
THAT PROGRAM GOING FORWARD SO
THEY WILL NOT BE A GAP IN OUR R
AND D CAP ACT.
AND UNKNOWN ELEMENT AND WE DON'T
REALLY UNDERSTAND BASE ON THE PI
S AND HEAT OR COOLS NOW AND NOT
JUST THE MAGNITUDE OF HOW MUCH
IT BUT WHETHER IT HEATS OR COOLS
CAN IS UNCERTAIN SO WE
IDENTIFIED THAT GAP WHEN WE
WROTE THAT PROPOSAL THAT IS
SOMETHING WE CAN ADDRESS AND HAD
STRATEGY TOLL ADDRESS IT AND BY
5,000 TO NOW WHAT MINERAL ON
THOSE SERVICE THEN USING THAT
NEW INFORMATION AND ADVANCED
MODELS AGAIN TO MODEL RELATES TO
NOW IN THE FUTURE AND ALLOW US
TO HAVE BETTER INFORMATION AND
MIT RATE HOW MUCH MINERAL DUST
IS AVAILABLE TO BE ADMITTED TO
IMPACT THE EARTH SYSTEM THE
DARKER COLORS OBSERVE AND THE
LIGHTER COLORS REFLECT IT BUT
DON'T HAVE MEASUREMENTS SO WE
HAVE UNCERTAINLY OF WHAT HAS
BEEN TOTAL EFFECT IS OF MINERAL
DUST THEN WILL HELP US
UNDERSTAND THAT AND IMPROVE THE
MODEL WHATS THE TIMELINE?
>> OK.
ARE EXCITED TO BE MANY FESTED
FOR LAUNCH TOMORROW AND IT WOMEN
TAKE ABOUT TWO WEEKS ABOUT EVER
WE ARE INSTALLED AND BEGIN TO
COOLDOWN SO WE EXPECT TO SEE
WE'LL SEE THE FIRST SPECTRA AT
THE END OF JULY AND WE ARE
COMMITTED TO GET THOSE OUT TO BE
AVAILABLE AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE
AND I THINK A REQUIREMENT WITHIN
TWO MONTHS THEN TRY DO MUCH
BETTER THAN AND THE MEASUREMENTS
WILL BE AVAILABLE FOR THE PUBLIC
AND OTHER SEE YOU INTERESTS FROM
THE THE NASA LAND PROCESSES AND
SO WE ARE GOING TO HAVE DATA
THAT WILL BE ACCESSIBLE AND
DOWNLOADABLE STARTING IN ABOUT
TWO MONS AFTER THE END OF JULY
PIS WHEN YOU WILL GET THE FIRST
CUT OF DATA TOTALLY AVAILABLE
AND ALL DATA CONSISTENT WITH
THAT SCIENCE DALT POLL SANE OPEN
SCIENCE WILL BE AVAILABLE
THROUGHOUT THE MISSION AND AT IN
THE OF A MISSION AND IT WILL BE
AND JUST CHIME IN ON THE OPEN
SCIENCE WE PUT THE EMIT
ALGORITHMS GOING THE MEASURE A
THE TOP AND THOSE ARE SOPHIES
CALL ITED THEY ARE AVAILABLE ON
HUB ON THE PUBLIC WE ARE TRYING
TO LEAN FORWARD TO THIS CONCEPT
OF OPEN SCIENCE SO PEOPLE CAN
SEE WHAT WE ARE DOING AND END
HELP US IMPROVE.
>> THANK YOU, ROB.
AND OUR NEXT QUESTION COMES FROM
SOCIAL MEDIA FOR PAULA.
WHETHER DID CUBE GET THE NAME?
>> THAT IS A GREAT QUESTION.
SO THE MASCOT OF MIT IS BEAVER
ANOAS THE NATURE SO THAT IS
WHERE THE BEAVER PART COMES AND
THE FACT IT IS CUBESAT COMES THE
CUBE SO IT IS A BEAVER AND
CUBESAT AND BEAVER CUBE.
THANK THIS THE NEXT QUESTION FOR
HEIDI HOW HAS THE SPACE STATION
BENEFITED CLIMATE RESEARCH SO
FAR AS MISSION IN BEFORE WE HAVE
A NUMBER OF DIFFERENT
INVESTIGATIONS AND THEY ARE
COLLECTING SOMETHING DIFFERENT
AND TELL US A LOT OVERALL AND
GIVE ONE WITH EXAMPLE OF ONE OF
THOSE LOOKING AT HOW THE THERMAL
CHANGE ON THE ETHER'S SURFACE
AND HOW PLANS RESPOND TO WATER
STRESSES FROM LOOKING A HOW TO
REDUCE HEAT THAT IS ABSORBED
INTO THE SERVICES THEN TO
LOOKING AT BETTER WATER ALLO
KISSING AND REDUCING FIRE DANGER
AND HELPING FARMERS UNDERSTANDS
HOW TO EFFICIENTLY WATT WITHER
THEIR CROPS AND ONCE THAT EX AM
AMPLE IS HAS BEEN HELPING WITH
INITIATIVE TO REDUCE HEAT AND
URBAN AREAS AS PART OF A PILOT
PROGRAM CALLED COOL NEIGHBORHOOD
AND BASICALLY LOOKING TO APPLY A
THERMAL RESIST TENSE PAINT TO
SURFACE STRUCTURES IN AREAS THAT
ARE PARTICULARLY SUSCEPTIBLE TO
EXCESSIVE HEAT AND EXTREME HEAT
AND HE CO STRESS DATA AND
INSTRUMENT HAS BEEN INVALUABLE
IN HELPING THOSE UNDERSTAB WHICH
AREAS TO TARGET AND ALSO
EVALUATING HOW EFFECT THINK OF
TREATMENT IS TO THE SURFACES.
AND MAY HAVE SOMETHING TO ADD
HERE AS WELL AND FUTURE AREAS
YOU THINK WOULD BE WORTH EX
PORING THAT COULD ENHANCE THE
KNOWLEDGE OF THE PLANET OR
CLIMATE CHANGE.
>> YES.
UNMITIGATED YES.
THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES
OBVIOUSLY THROUGH NASA EARTH
SCIENCE TO ADVANCE TECHNOLOGY
DEVELOPMENT AND USE THE DATA
SETS THAT HE MENTIONED THAT ARE
AVAILABLE TO IMPROVE OUR
UNDERSTANDING OF THE SPACE OF
CLIMATE CHANGE AND LOCALIZED
EFFECTS OF THAT CLIMATE CHANGE
GOING FORWARD ANDEN FROM THE PER
SPECT YOU HAVE THE ISS NATIONAL
LAB WE HAVE SEEN SIGNIFICANT
ENGAGEMENT FROM THE COMMERCIAL
SECTOR AS WELL AS OTHER
GOVERNMENT AGENCIES WE HAVE
ACCESS TO JOINT SOLICITATION
WITH THE NATIONAL SCIENCE
FOUNDATION EVERY YEAR.
THAT FOCUS ON FUNDAMENTAL
PHYSICS THEN CONNECTION BETWEEN
THE FUNDAMENTAL PHYSICS
EXPERIMENTS THAT ARE PONCIERED
BY NATIONAL CLIMATE CHANGE ARE
PROFOUND IN THAT SOME OF THESE
INVESTIGATIONS ARE LOOKING AT
THE EFFECT OF SOIL SYSTEMS BUN
THE THINGS WE ARE SEEING WITH
CHANGES IN CLIMATE PATTERNS OR
INCREASED PATTERNS OF MUDSLIDES
THEN RESLIDES AND WE DON'T FULLY
UNDERSTAND HOW THAT HAPPENS AND
THE SPACE OF WHICH HAPPENS THEN
HOW TO COME BAT.
THOSE FUND AMAL SCIENCE FEEDS
INTO THOSE APPLICATIONS WITH
EFFECTS FOR CLOI MATE CHANGE
GOING FORWARD SO MANY
OPPORTUNITY WITH NATIONAL LAB IN
ADDITION TO SENSOR AND ROB
MENTIONED IN THE TRANSITION FROM
INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION
THERE WILL BE NEW PLATFORMS
AVAILABLE TO OFFER EARTH FENCING
AND SPACE SENSING CAPABILITY SO
THERE ARE MANY PROGRAMS RIGHT
NOW THAT ARE LOOKING AT WAYS TO
IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF DATA FROM
THOSE SENSORS AND ALMOST NOTHING
HAPPENS NOW UNLESS IT IS MULTI
SPECK TRAL AND ALSO AS ROB
MENTIONED A LOT OF INTERESTS IN
UNDERSTANDING DATA FASHION A AND
HOW TO COMBINE DATA FROM
MULTIPLE SENSORS OR SINGLE
SENSORS SO THEY COULD BE USABLE
TO INFORM THE RESEARCH COMMUNITY
SO DIDN'T FY THE MOST
PREPROASSISTING THEN EARTH
SCIENCE SURVEY CAME OUT A FEW
YEAR AGO AND IDENTIFIES THE
MOST IMPORTANT QUESTIONS RELATED
TOrd AND USING THAT SUR STRY
DID HE SOON THE EARTH SYSTEM
OBSERVATORY THEN TAYLOR FOR THE
QUESTIONS THAT ARE REL VAG THERE
SO A LOT MORE WE CAN PLANNER THE
EARTH AND THAT PROCESS HELPS US
IDENTIFY AND ALSO JUST SAY
WORKING AT NASA AND NASA IS
REALLY BRILLIANT ENGINEERS AND
SCIENTIST AND PEOPLE DEVELOPING
TECH HOAGIE THEN AND THEY FIND
WAYS TO TAKE WHAT WE DEVELOP OR
ONE AREA AND APPLY IT SOMEWHERE
ELSE SO THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE
STATION FOR THE LIFE SUPPORT
SYSTEM HAS ETHER'S APPLICATION
AND WE USE SOME THINGS FROM THE
SENSORS TO ONE PERSON AND TO
OBSERVE SOMETHING DIFFERENT AND
THEN MENTIONED SOME OF THIS TO
WHICH GO TO OTHER LATER MISSIONS
AND THEN WE'LL TON DO THAT AND
LEARNING ABOUT THE ETHER AND
ALSO IDENTIFYING NEW WAYS TO
OBSERVE IT IN THE INTERACT WITH
IT.
>> THANK RETURN WITH KATE.
I WOULD LIKE TO REMIND FOLKS YOU
CAN GET TO THE DUE ASK A
QUESTION.
AND SOMETHING I YOU WANT TO
APPLY TO EARTH AND SOMEONE HERE
WOULDN'T HAVE TO GO TO A LAWN
DRO MAT AN THE REAL WORLD
APPLICATION THERE.
YEAH.
WATER IS A PURCHASE SHOWER
COMMODITY AND LAUNCH INTO SPACE
AND SO NASA HAS INVESTIGATED
SIGNIFICANT RESOURCES TO
UNDERSTAND HOWING HOW TO RECOVER
WATER AND THEY HAVE CONTROL AND
LIFE SUPPORT TECH TECHNOLOGIES
THAT ARE DEVELOPED AND
TRANSLATED BACK TO ERAND WHAT I
WOULD RACKERRIZE THE AS THE NEXT
STEP IN THAT AND BEING LEAD IN
PART BY COMMERCIAL COMPANIES
SUCH AS PROCTER & GAMBLE WHO ARE
SEEKING TO IMPROVE NOT ONLY THE
PERFORMANCE OF THEIR CONSUMER
ROD DUCTS BUT ALSO LESSON THE
FOOTPRINT THEY HAVE ON THE
ENVIRONMENT.
SO THERE IS ALWAYS INTEREST IN
MAINTAINING THE ABILITY TO CLEAN
WITHOUT OUT LIEDING LOTS OF
WATER AND IN THAT ENVIRONMENT SO
THE UNUSUAL TESTS ARE PRIMARILY
GOING TO ADDRESS SPACE
APPLICATIONS BUT IF PROC HERB
AND GAMBLE IS FORTUNATE AND THEY
ACHIEVED THIS BEFORE AND SEVERAL
INVESTIGATIONS FOCUSED ON
CHEMISTRY IN THE MICROGRAVITY
THAT LEAD TO DIRECT IMPROVEMENT
THEN THE GENERATION OF THAT
PROPERTY THAT WE ARE
INCORPORATED INTO THE PRODUCTS
AND ITMISING BEEF LEAF LOOKING
TO SEE THE SAME THING HERE WITH
THIS SIMPLE TEST GOING FORWARD.
NEXT QUESTION IN THE SCHOOL?
I BELIEVE YOU SHOWED A PICTURE
OF AN ELECTRIC PLAIN SO ELECTRIC
CAR SALES ARE STARTING TO TAKE
OFF.
NO PUN TINDED.
HERE IN THE UNITED STATES AND
AROUND THE WORMED.
WHAT WOULD BE THE OUTLOOKING OF
AIRPLANES BEING POWERED BAY
ELECTRIC PROPULSION?
>> THAT IS A GREAT QUESTION.
WE ARE DOING A LOT OF RESEARCH
HOO THIS NOW SO THE X57 IS ALL
ELECTRIC PLAIN WE ARE TESTING
AND IT A IS SHALL.
WE ALSO HAVE OTHER FLIGHT
RESEARCH INTO HYBRID ELECTRIC
AIRCRAFT WHICH TESTING OUT AND I
THINK YOU KNOW, WE ARE IN
RESEARCH ORGANIZATION SO WE DO
RESEARCH INTO THE AVIATION THEN
WE TURN THAT INFORMATION OVER TO
INDUSTRY TO USE GOING FORWARD.
>> REWITH TALKING ABOUT 10 YEAR,
20 YEAR FOR THIS TO BECOME
COMMON OR 3:00 WHAT DO YOU
THINK?
>> I DON'T THINK HAVE A CLEAR
ANSWER ON THAT.
THINK RIGHT NOW, I AM FOLK THING
TO RESEARCH AND GETTING UT OUT
THERE AND WE'LL TEST THE X57 NOW
BUT ALSO STRUCTURE INVOLVED IN
TRANSITION LIKE THAT AND I WOULD
HAVE TO GET BACK TO YOU ON PUT
YOU IN TOUCH WITH EXPERT ON
THAT.
A LOT OF INTEREST ON THE PART OF
THE AIRLINE MANUFACTURERS LIKE
BOEING AND SO ON TO GET TO THIS
OR RESISTING OR WHAT IS THAT
STRIKE IN.
>> I CAN'T SPEAK TO THAT.
CAN ON SPEAK TO WHAT WE ARE
DOING HERE AT NASA.
>> OK SHALL THANK.
>> THANK YOU.
WE WILL TAKE QUESTIONS THAT WE
HAVE NOW ON PHONE LINES FIRST UP
>> HELLO THANKS.UEZ WITH INSIDE
JUST AMAZING CONFERENCE BY THIS
WAY.
MY QUESTION IS ABOUT THE BEAVER
TUBES AND I KNOW IT MEANED THAT
IMAGES WILL BE TAKEN FROM THE
BEAVER TUBE IN A WAS WONDERING
WHAT OR IF THERE ARE DISTINCT
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE IL
MAJORS TAKE BY THE BEAVER TUBE
AND VERSUS WHAT IS TAKE ON ON
THE ISS AND I KNOW IT WAS
MENTIONED THE BEAVER TUBE MAY
FOCUS MORE AROUND MASSACHUSETTS
BUT YOU KNOW, JUST THOUGHT I
WOULD ASK FOR CLARITY TO WHAT
THE MAIN DIFFERENCE REASONS THE
MAJORS THAT WILL BE TAKEN.
THANK YOU.
>> THANK YOU FOR THE QUESTION.
SO WHAT WE HAVE ON BEAVER CREW
DIFFERENT SIZES AND DIFFERENT
QUALITY I WOULD SAY AND LOOK AT
THE AMOUNT OF PIXELS YOU HAVE.
IT IS SMALL SATELLITE AND
PROBABLY WHAT WITH VERY HERE HAS
A LOT LESS RESOLUTION THAN IS
AVAILABLE AT THOUGH
INTERNATIONAL SPACE STATION.
THE BIG GOAL IS HAVING SUCH LIKE
THIS IS WE CAN HAVE MULTIPLE OF
IT.
SO THE INTERNATIONAL SPACE
STATION IS VERY BIG AND
EXPENSIVE WHERE AS THE SATELLITE
LIKE THIS IS RELATIVELY
INEXPENSIVE SO IT IS RELATIVELY
QUICK TO DEVELOP AND SO WE CAN
HAVE MULTIPLES MULTIPLE VERSIONS
OF SMALL SATELLITE LIKE BEAVER
CUBE FLYING OVER DIFFERENT
LOCATIONS AND SO IT COULD HAVE
CONSTELLATIONS THEN IT COULD
HAVE TENS OR EVEN HUNDREDS OF
SMALL SATELLITES LIKE THIS
TAKING PICTURES THAT ARE
INFRARED AND VISUAL SPECTRUM OF
DIFFERENT LOCATIONS AROUND THE
GLOBE AND WHEN WE HAVE ALL THOSE
SATELLITES DOING THAT WE COULD
HAVE A VERY HIGHER FREQUENCY OF
PICTURES BEING TAKEN AND THEN
THAT WOULD IN CROSS A LOT OF THE
TIME RESOLUTION OF IMAGES AND
WEE HELP US TRACK OCEAN MESSES
AND HELP TRACK THE CHANGES IN
CLIMATE AND WATER.
>> THANK YOU.
OUR NEXT QUESTION ON THE PHONE
IS FROM PHILLIP FROM POPULAR
SCIENCE.
FIP LITTLE, OVER TO YOU?
>> THANKS SO MUCH.
THIS IS A QUESTION ABOUT EMIT,
YOU MENTIONED THERE BEING AROUND
5,000 EXISTING MINERAL ANALYSIS
INSTEAD OF SCIENCE THAT CLOSED
AND KNOWLEDGE GAP WITH THE
BILLION OB SER VISION AND
PROJECTS THAT IS GOING TO
PRODUCE AND SOUNDS LIKE THOUGH
EXISTING NAIL SISS GIVE A
DIFFERENT DATA RESOLUTION FROM
THE REMOTE OBSERVATION SO I WAS
HOPING YOU COULD TALK THROUGH
THE DINGSES
YOU ARE ABLE TO LEARN WITH THIS
REMOTE SENTION DATA VERSUS
WHATEVER THESE 5,000 ASSISTING
AMAL MALL SIS LOOK LIKE.
SURE.
I WILL DO MY BEST TO ANSWER
THAT.
SO THE PIXING SITUATION HAVE
BEEN 5,000 LOCATION IN THE EARTH
WHERE MINIMAL SAMPLES COLLECTED
THEN ANALYZED IN DETAIL BILLION
WHAT PROFORKINGS ARE.
THEN THEY HAVE USED EXISTING
VERY COURSE SOIL MAPS TO SAY, OH
GAIN THOSE MINERALS IN THE SOIL
MAP AND THE SAME SOIL AND ONE
ANOTHER.
THAT IS CONSIDERED TO BE HUGE
UNCERTAINTY AND THERE IS
EVIDENCE THAT IS THE REASON THAT
THE CLIMATE MODELS ARE NOT BEING
VAL STATED AND THIS SYSTEM IS
NOT VALIDATING AS WELL WITH WITH
EXISTING MEASUREMENTS SO THAT'S
THE GAP WE ARE PROPOSE AND NOW
USING AND NOT GOING TO BE
TOUCHING MINERALS THEN DOING
CHEMICAL WE ARE USING IT AND
FORTUNATELY WE GET SEE THE
MACHINE RAL ON THE SURFACE IN
THE AIR AND HOW LIGHT IT HAS
INTERACTED WITH THEM AND WHETHER
IT IS IRON OXIDE AND RUST LIKE
CARBONATE OR CLAY THOSE
DIFFERENT MINERAL MOLECULES
LEAVE FINGERPRINT ON THE LIGHT
WE GET TO MAKE SURE SO WE CAN
LOOK AT THOSE FINGERPRINTS WHICH
WE'LL SEE IN THE MAIM GING
SPECTROMETER AND AC KRAUTLY
ASSIGN THE PALESTINIAN RAL
COMPOSITION THE AIR LAND REGIONS
THERE SO WE'LL BRING THAT IF I
HAVE I TY AND NOW TESTED THIS
AND IN FACT COMPARED THE
EXISTING MAPS TO SHOWED THAT WE
DELIVER A MUCH MORE AG CRATE
RESULT ABOUT WHAT MINERALS ARE
PRESENCE ON THE SURFACE THAT ARE
THERE TO BE MATED TO THE AT M
ARE OFFICER SO I HOPE THAT
ANSWERS YOUR QUESTIONS OTHERWISE
I COULD FOLLOW UP IF I HAVE NOT
HOW IT IT QUITE RIGHT.
>> THAT WAS FER EFFECT THANK
YOU.
>> THANK YOU.
WE HAVE ONE LAST QUESTION.
THIS MIGHT BE FOR ANYONE WHO MAY
WANT TO CHIME IN FOR OTHER
PROJECTS?
WHAT OTHER MISSIONS OR PROJECTS
ARE ON DECK FOR NASES SA THIS
YEAR IN REGARDS TO CLIMATE?
>> YEAH THANK YOU.
THAT IS A GREAT QUESTION.