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Preston: What's Up for September?
Moving fast in the cosmos with planet Mercury
and stars Arcturus and Altair.
You'll have to be quick
to catch a glimpse of Mercury this month,
as the innermost and fastest-moving planet,
namesake of the fleet-footed mythological messenger,
appears low in the west for a short time following sunset.
But those with a clear view toward the horizon
will be rewarded with some nice planetary groupings
for the first week and a half of September.
You'll find Mercury just a few degrees
above the western horizon
about half an hour after the sun sets,
with much brighter Venus higher
and slightly farther to the south.
On the ninth and tenth,
look for the pair to be joined by the crescent Moon.
In between the two planets is the bright star Spica,
which is actually two stars orbiting each other
at a distance three times closer
than Mercury orbits our sun.
Mercury should be visible for you
from the mid-northern latitudes on south.
The farther south you are,
the longer Mercury will be above the horizon for you
before it sets.
[meteor swishes]
In addition to Spica, two other bright stars
you can easily spot early in the evening in September
are Arcturus and Altair.
Arcturus is the brightest star in the northern sky.
It owes this status largely to the fact
that it's relatively close by,
at about 37 light years from our solar system.
You can find Arcturus in the west
in the first couple of hours after it gets dark.
Look for the Big Dipper,
and follow its handle over toward the south
about the width of an outstretched hand.
It's easy to remember with the phrase "arc to Arcturus."
One interesting thing about Arcturus
is that compared to other stars,
it's moving extremely fast with respect to our solar system.
In fact, the discovery of the star's motion
was a huge moment in astronomy.
Before that, the positions of the stars were thought
to be fixed and unchanging.
After Edmund Halley's discovery, the understanding
that the stars move around as independent objects
began to take hold.
After you've found orange-colored Arcturus,
spin yourself around toward the south-southeast
to find Altair.
You'll spy it hanging right above Saturn all month.
In fact, it's about as high above Saturn
as Saturn is from the horizon.
Altair is a bright white-colored star,
which makes for a nice color comparison with Arcturus
and nearby Antares.
At just 17 light years away,
it's definitely one of the closest bright stars
to our solar system.
One of the coolest things about Altair is that it rotates
so fast that it's flattened into an oval shape.
Since it's so close by, astronomers have actually been able
to image this fast spinner's flattened shape directly.
So look for Altair and Arcturus in the September sky,
two bright nearby stars that, along with Mercury,
each have their own spin on what it means to be fast.
[meteor swishes]
Here are the phases of the Moon for September.
You can catch up on all of NASA's missions
to explore the solar system and beyond at nasa.gov.
I'm Preston Dyches from NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory,
and that's What's Up for this month.
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