1 00:00:08,208 --> 00:00:09,275 >> WHAT IF I TOLD YOU 2 00:00:09,275 --> 00:00:10,643 THAT NO MATTER WHO YOU ARE 3 00:00:10,643 --> 00:00:11,778 OR WHERE YOU ARE, 4 00:00:11,778 --> 00:00:12,812 YOU CAN PARTICIPATE 5 00:00:12,812 --> 00:00:14,047 IN SCIENCE AT NASA 6 00:00:14,047 --> 00:00:15,749 AND MAKE REAL WORLD DISCOVERIES 7 00:00:15,749 --> 00:00:17,951 ALONGSIDE NASA SCIENTISTS? 8 00:00:17,951 --> 00:00:19,252 HELLO, I'M YOUR HOST, 9 00:00:19,252 --> 00:00:20,920 EMILY FURFARO, AND THIS IS 10 00:00:20,920 --> 00:00:22,222 ANOTHER VIRTUAL EPISODE 11 00:00:22,222 --> 00:00:24,290 OF "NASA SCIENCE LIVE." 12 00:00:24,290 --> 00:00:26,126 FROM MAPPING THE OCEAN FLOORS 13 00:00:26,126 --> 00:00:27,961 TO DISCOVERING NEW PLANETS 14 00:00:27,961 --> 00:00:29,729 OUTSIDE OF OUR SOLAR SYSTEM, 15 00:00:29,729 --> 00:00:31,398 NASA HAS SO MANY DIFFERENT 16 00:00:31,398 --> 00:00:32,899 CITIZEN SCIENCE PROJECTS 17 00:00:32,899 --> 00:00:34,200 WHERE MEMBERS OF THE PUBLIC 18 00:00:34,200 --> 00:00:35,668 ACTUALLY COLLABORATE 19 00:00:35,668 --> 00:00:37,470 WITH NASA SCIENTISTS TO MAKE 20 00:00:37,470 --> 00:00:39,572 AMAZING DISCOVERIES TOGETHER. 21 00:00:39,572 --> 00:00:41,107 NASA'S CHIEF SCIENTIST, 22 00:00:41,107 --> 00:00:42,175 JIM GREEN, IS HERE 23 00:00:42,175 --> 00:00:44,544 TO TELL US MORE. 24 00:00:46,746 --> 00:00:47,881 >> HAVE YOU EVER HAD 25 00:00:47,881 --> 00:00:49,549 AN AHA! MOMENT? 26 00:00:49,549 --> 00:00:51,251 THAT FEELING THAT EVERYTHING 27 00:00:51,251 --> 00:00:53,319 JUST SEEMS TO MAKE SENSE. 28 00:00:53,319 --> 00:00:54,988 SCIENTISTS HAVE THEM 29 00:00:54,988 --> 00:00:56,856 ALL THE TIME. 30 00:00:56,856 --> 00:00:58,558 HI, I'M JIM GREEN, 31 00:00:58,558 --> 00:01:00,226 NASA'S CHIEF SCIENTIST, 32 00:01:00,226 --> 00:01:01,728 AND I HAVE DISCOVERED 33 00:01:01,728 --> 00:01:03,897 MANY NEW THINGS IN MY CAREER. 34 00:01:03,897 --> 00:01:05,198 AND LET ME TELL YOU, 35 00:01:05,198 --> 00:01:06,433 THERE'S NOTHING QUITE LIKE 36 00:01:06,433 --> 00:01:08,368 THAT FEELING WHEN YOU DISCOVER 37 00:01:08,368 --> 00:01:10,203 SOMETHING IMPORTANT THAT 38 00:01:10,203 --> 00:01:13,206 NO ONE IN THE WORLD KNOWS. 39 00:01:13,206 --> 00:01:15,208 WHAT IF I TOLD YOU THAT THROUGH 40 00:01:15,208 --> 00:01:17,310 NASA'S CITIZEN SCIENCE PROGRAM, 41 00:01:17,310 --> 00:01:19,112 YOU TOO CAN EXPERIENCE 42 00:01:19,112 --> 00:01:21,181 THAT SAME FEELING? 43 00:01:21,181 --> 00:01:22,615 ARE YOU INTERESTED? 44 00:01:22,615 --> 00:01:24,184 CITIZEN SCIENTISTS WORKING 45 00:01:24,184 --> 00:01:25,452 WITH NASA HAVE MADE 46 00:01:25,452 --> 00:01:27,987 MANY SIGNIFICANT DISCOVERIES, 47 00:01:27,987 --> 00:01:29,522 SOME OF THEM RIGHT FROM 48 00:01:29,522 --> 00:01:31,224 THEIR OWN HOME. 49 00:01:31,224 --> 00:01:33,927 FOR INSTANCE, 54,000 50 00:01:33,927 --> 00:01:36,029 CIRCUMSTELLAR DISKS HAVE BEEN 51 00:01:36,029 --> 00:01:38,665 FOUND BY CITIZEN SCIENTISTS. 52 00:01:38,665 --> 00:01:40,166 WHAT ARE THEY? 53 00:01:40,166 --> 00:01:42,135 THESE ARE DEBRIS FIELDS 54 00:01:42,135 --> 00:01:45,104 AROUND STARS IN OUR GALAXY 55 00:01:45,104 --> 00:01:48,208 WHERE PLANETS ARE BEING FORMED 56 00:01:48,208 --> 00:01:51,478 FOR THE VERY FIRST TIME. 57 00:01:51,478 --> 00:01:52,779 WHAT ABOUT THE CITIZEN 58 00:01:52,779 --> 00:01:54,581 SCIENTISTS THAT HAVE DISCOVERED 59 00:01:54,581 --> 00:01:58,318 18,000 MOSQUITO BREEDING SITES 60 00:01:58,318 --> 00:02:01,154 IN NASA EARTH SCIENCE IMAGES. 61 00:02:01,154 --> 00:02:02,722 BREEDING SITES LIKE THESE 62 00:02:02,722 --> 00:02:04,691 ARE IMPORTANT TO FIRST FLYING 63 00:02:04,691 --> 00:02:06,626 SINCE MOSQUITOES CARRY 64 00:02:06,626 --> 00:02:09,229 ALL SORTS OF DISEASES. 65 00:02:09,229 --> 00:02:10,897 SO THERE ARE MANY OTHER 66 00:02:10,897 --> 00:02:12,765 DISCOVERIES GOING ON IN 67 00:02:12,765 --> 00:02:15,869 NASA'S CITIZEN SCIENCE PROJECTS. 68 00:02:15,869 --> 00:02:17,971 AND YOU CAN GET INVOLVED. 69 00:02:17,971 --> 00:02:19,572 THESE PROJECTS ARE 70 00:02:19,572 --> 00:02:21,207 REAL COLLABORATIONS 71 00:02:21,207 --> 00:02:23,042 BETWEEN SCIENTISTS 72 00:02:23,042 --> 00:02:25,111 AND THE INTERESTED PUBLIC, 73 00:02:25,111 --> 00:02:26,646 LIKE YOU. 74 00:02:26,646 --> 00:02:28,248 I AM SURE SOME OF YOU 75 00:02:28,248 --> 00:02:29,415 MIGHT BE SAYING, "WELL, 76 00:02:29,415 --> 00:02:31,618 I DON'T HAVE A FANCY DEGREE," 77 00:02:31,618 --> 00:02:33,052 OR, "I CAN'T DISCOVER 78 00:02:33,052 --> 00:02:34,220 NEW PLANETS BEYOND 79 00:02:34,220 --> 00:02:35,922 OUR SOLAR SYSTEM," 80 00:02:35,922 --> 00:02:37,757 AND YOU'D BE WRONG. 81 00:02:37,757 --> 00:02:39,025 YOU DON'T HAVE TO HAVE 82 00:02:39,025 --> 00:02:41,127 A SPECIAL DEGREE OR JOB TITLE. 83 00:02:41,127 --> 00:02:43,196 IN FACT, YOU DON'T EVEN NEED 84 00:02:43,196 --> 00:02:45,331 TO HAVE EXPERIENCE. 85 00:02:45,331 --> 00:02:46,633 IF YOU'RE CURIOUS ABOUT 86 00:02:46,633 --> 00:02:48,535 OUR UNIVERSE AND ABOUT 87 00:02:48,535 --> 00:02:49,969 OUR PLANET EARTH, 88 00:02:49,969 --> 00:02:51,371 YOU CAN GET INVOLVED WITH 89 00:02:51,371 --> 00:02:53,239 REAL NASA PROJECTS 90 00:02:53,239 --> 00:02:54,641 AND WORK ALONGSIDE 91 00:02:54,641 --> 00:02:57,176 REAL SCIENTISTS RIGHT NOW. 92 00:02:57,176 --> 00:02:59,445 SO WHAT ARE YOU WAITING FOR? 93 00:02:59,445 --> 00:03:01,414 COME ON AND JOIN US! 94 00:03:01,414 --> 00:03:03,016 TO GET STARTED, GO TO 95 00:03:03,016 --> 00:03:07,754 SCIENCE.NASA.GOV/CITIZENSCIENCE. 96 00:03:07,754 --> 00:03:09,822 SEE YOU THERE. 97 00:03:13,226 --> 00:03:14,294 >> I DON'T KNOW ABOUT YOU, 98 00:03:14,294 --> 00:03:15,194 BUT HEARING ABOUT 99 00:03:15,194 --> 00:03:16,262 THE DISCOVERIES MADE BY 100 00:03:16,262 --> 00:03:17,430 CITIZEN SCIENTISTS 101 00:03:17,430 --> 00:03:19,332 IS SO EXCITING. 102 00:03:19,332 --> 00:03:20,967 IF YOU'RE ANYTHING LIKE ME, 103 00:03:20,967 --> 00:03:22,001 I-- SCIENCE WAS ALWAYS 104 00:03:22,001 --> 00:03:23,202 INTERESTING, BUT I NEVER 105 00:03:23,202 --> 00:03:25,104 THOUGHT I COULD BE A SCIENTIST. 106 00:03:25,104 --> 00:03:26,172 SO IT WAS GREAT TO HEAR 107 00:03:26,172 --> 00:03:27,407 DR. GREEN TALK ABOUT 108 00:03:27,407 --> 00:03:28,741 HOW ANYONE CAN GET INVOLVED 109 00:03:28,741 --> 00:03:29,842 WITH THESE PROJECTS 110 00:03:29,842 --> 00:03:31,477 AND MAKE DISCOVERIES. 111 00:03:31,477 --> 00:03:33,046 THERE ARE SO MANY GREAT PROJECTS 112 00:03:33,046 --> 00:03:34,714 THAT YOU CAN GET INVOLVED WITH. 113 00:03:34,714 --> 00:03:36,015 TODAY ON THE SHOW, 114 00:03:36,015 --> 00:03:37,183 WE'LL TALK ABOUT A FEW, 115 00:03:37,183 --> 00:03:38,151 BUT IF YOU WANT TO LEARN 116 00:03:38,151 --> 00:03:39,519 ABOUT ALL OF THE OPPORTUNITIES, 117 00:03:39,519 --> 00:03:41,721 VISIT SCIENCE.NASA.GOV/ 118 00:03:41,721 --> 00:03:43,923 CITIZENSCIENCE. 119 00:03:44,824 --> 00:03:46,326 DID YOU KNOW THAT PLANETS 120 00:03:46,326 --> 00:03:48,127 FORM FROM VAST CLOUDS OF 121 00:03:48,127 --> 00:03:50,663 GAS, DUST, AND CHUNKS OF ROCK? 122 00:03:50,663 --> 00:03:51,664 CLOUDS THAT ARE IN 123 00:03:51,664 --> 00:03:52,999 THE SHAPE OF DISKS 124 00:03:52,999 --> 00:03:54,934 WITH STARS AT THE CENTER. 125 00:03:54,934 --> 00:03:56,035 BY SEARCHING FOR STARS 126 00:03:56,035 --> 00:03:57,036 THAT ARE SURROUNDED 127 00:03:57,036 --> 00:03:58,304 BY THESE CLOUD DISKS, 128 00:03:58,304 --> 00:03:59,872 WE CAN FIND OUT WHERE PLANETS 129 00:03:59,872 --> 00:04:01,608 ARE CURRENTLY FORMING 130 00:04:01,608 --> 00:04:02,809 AND WHERE OTHER PLANETS 131 00:04:02,809 --> 00:04:05,244 PROBABLY EXIST TODAY. 132 00:04:05,244 --> 00:04:06,946 FINDING THESE PLANET FORMING 133 00:04:06,946 --> 00:04:08,915 DISKS HAS BEEN A MAJOR QUEST 134 00:04:08,915 --> 00:04:09,983 OF ASTRONOMERS 135 00:04:09,983 --> 00:04:12,218 FOR THE PAST THREE DECADES. 136 00:04:12,218 --> 00:04:13,386 THROUGH A PROJECT CALLED 137 00:04:13,386 --> 00:04:16,055 DISK DETECTIVE, YOU CAN HELP. 138 00:04:16,055 --> 00:04:17,156 WE'RE JOINED TODAY BY 139 00:04:17,156 --> 00:04:18,358 DR. MARK KUSHNER, 140 00:04:18,358 --> 00:04:19,492 CITIZEN SCIENCE OFFICER 141 00:04:19,492 --> 00:04:20,893 AT NASA HEADQUARTERS, 142 00:04:20,893 --> 00:04:22,161 AND CITIZEN SCIENTIST 143 00:04:22,161 --> 00:04:23,863 HUGO DURANTINI LUCA. 144 00:04:23,863 --> 00:04:24,664 THANK YOU SO MUCH 145 00:04:24,664 --> 00:04:26,332 FOR BEING WITH US TODAY. 146 00:04:26,332 --> 00:04:27,567 >> THANKS, EMILY. 147 00:04:27,567 --> 00:04:29,202 >> THANK YOU. 148 00:04:29,202 --> 00:04:30,269 >> SO, MARK, CAN YOU TELL US 149 00:04:30,269 --> 00:04:31,204 A LITTLE BIT MORE ABOUT 150 00:04:31,204 --> 00:04:32,138 DISK DETECTIVE? 151 00:04:32,138 --> 00:04:33,139 WHY DOES NASA NEED HELP 152 00:04:33,139 --> 00:04:36,042 STUDYING THESE OBJECTS? 153 00:04:36,042 --> 00:04:37,210 >> SO NASA HAS 154 00:04:37,210 --> 00:04:38,645 A WONDERFUL PROBLEM, 155 00:04:38,645 --> 00:04:39,879 WHICH IS THAT WE HAVE IMAGES 156 00:04:39,879 --> 00:04:41,080 OF THE WHOLE SKY 157 00:04:41,080 --> 00:04:42,682 IN INFRARED WAVELENGTHS, 158 00:04:42,682 --> 00:04:43,916 AND THE IMAGES 159 00:04:43,916 --> 00:04:45,618 FROM NASA'S WISE MISSION, 160 00:04:45,618 --> 00:04:47,620 WIDE-FIELD INFRARED EXPLORER, 161 00:04:47,620 --> 00:04:50,189 CONTAIN TWO BILLION SOURCES. 162 00:04:50,189 --> 00:04:52,258 AND WHICH OF THOSE SOURCES 163 00:04:52,258 --> 00:04:54,761 ARE THE PLANET FORMING DISKS? 164 00:04:54,761 --> 00:04:55,828 THAT'S WHERE WE GO 165 00:04:55,828 --> 00:04:57,730 TO MEMBERS OF THE PUBLIC 166 00:04:57,730 --> 00:04:59,298 AND ASK FOR THEIR HELP 167 00:04:59,298 --> 00:05:00,633 FIGURING OUT WHICH OF 168 00:05:00,633 --> 00:05:02,902 THOSE NEEDLES IN THE HAYSTACK 169 00:05:02,902 --> 00:05:06,539 IS A REAL PLANET FORMING DISK. 170 00:05:06,539 --> 00:05:08,708 >> WOW, WOW, THAT IS AMAZING, 171 00:05:08,708 --> 00:05:10,143 THAT REAL PEOPLE CAN HELP 172 00:05:10,143 --> 00:05:11,778 WITH THIS TYPE OF RESEARCH. 173 00:05:11,778 --> 00:05:12,912 UM, HUGO, YOU ARE 174 00:05:12,912 --> 00:05:13,946 ONE OF THOSE PEOPLE. 175 00:05:13,946 --> 00:05:14,881 SO WHAT HAS BEEN 176 00:05:14,881 --> 00:05:15,882 THE MOST EXCITING PART 177 00:05:15,882 --> 00:05:18,818 ABOUT WORKING ON THIS PROJECT? 178 00:05:18,818 --> 00:05:20,053 >> FOR-- IN THIS MOMENT, 179 00:05:20,053 --> 00:05:21,654 IT IS LIKE A COMPILATION 180 00:05:21,654 --> 00:05:22,955 OF THINGS, SINCE I AM 181 00:05:22,955 --> 00:05:25,291 PARTICIPATING SINCE 2014. 182 00:05:25,291 --> 00:05:27,794 THE START FOR ME WAS FINDING 183 00:05:27,794 --> 00:05:29,228 A PROJECT WHERE I WAS 184 00:05:29,228 --> 00:05:30,930 ABLE TO PARTICIPATE 185 00:05:30,930 --> 00:05:32,999 AND CONTRIBUTE WITH SCIENCE 186 00:05:32,999 --> 00:05:36,335 AND BE ENGAGED AT THE SAME TIME, 187 00:05:36,335 --> 00:05:37,904 BECAUSE I WAS STUDYING A COUPLE 188 00:05:37,904 --> 00:05:39,338 OF THINGS AT THAT POINT, 189 00:05:39,338 --> 00:05:40,673 BUT THEY WERE PROJECTS, 190 00:05:40,673 --> 00:05:42,275 FUN PROJECTS AND ALL, 191 00:05:42,275 --> 00:05:44,243 BUT THEY WERE NO INTERACTION 192 00:05:44,243 --> 00:05:45,144 WITH THE SCIENCE TEAM, 193 00:05:45,144 --> 00:05:46,179 FOR EXAMPLE. 194 00:05:46,179 --> 00:05:47,280 AND WHY I STARTED TO 195 00:05:47,280 --> 00:05:48,981 INTERACT WITH MARK-- 196 00:05:48,981 --> 00:05:50,783 VIA TWITTER AT THAT POINT-- 197 00:05:50,783 --> 00:05:51,984 I STARTED TO LEARN ABOUT 198 00:05:51,984 --> 00:05:54,120 THE PROJECT AND TALK 199 00:05:54,120 --> 00:05:55,188 BACK AND FORTH WITH 200 00:05:55,188 --> 00:05:56,155 THE SCIENCE TEAM, 201 00:05:56,155 --> 00:05:59,792 I WAS ABLE TO BE, UH, IN TOUCH 202 00:05:59,792 --> 00:06:01,260 WITH THE PROJECT BECAUSE 203 00:06:01,260 --> 00:06:03,229 THAT INTERACTION WAS ENGAGING. 204 00:06:03,229 --> 00:06:05,298 SO I WAS ABLE TO CONTRIBUTE. 205 00:06:05,298 --> 00:06:07,100 AT THE SAME TIME, I WAS LEARNING 206 00:06:07,100 --> 00:06:09,102 ALL ABOUT THE PROJECT, 207 00:06:09,102 --> 00:06:10,369 HOW THE PROJECT WORKED, 208 00:06:10,369 --> 00:06:11,637 HOW THE PEOPLE WORKING 209 00:06:11,637 --> 00:06:13,005 ON THE PROJECT WAS. 210 00:06:13,005 --> 00:06:15,875 UM, THAT WAS A VERY IMPORTANT 211 00:06:15,875 --> 00:06:17,043 THING AT FIRST, 212 00:06:17,043 --> 00:06:19,378 BECAUSE I DIDN'T MUCH KNOW MUCH 213 00:06:19,378 --> 00:06:21,280 ABOUT ASTRONOMY AT THAT POINT. 214 00:06:21,280 --> 00:06:22,482 I WAS ABLE TO [ INDISTINCT ] 215 00:06:22,482 --> 00:06:23,449 ASTRONOMY, BUT I DIDN'T KNOW 216 00:06:23,449 --> 00:06:24,684 ABOUT THE SUBJECT. 217 00:06:24,684 --> 00:06:25,885 SO TO BE ABLE TO PARTICIPATE 218 00:06:25,885 --> 00:06:27,820 AND LEARN AND REACH 219 00:06:27,820 --> 00:06:29,922 THE DISCOVERY LIKE THE PETER PAN 220 00:06:29,922 --> 00:06:31,657 DISKS FROM-- FOR [ INDISTINCT ] 221 00:06:31,657 --> 00:06:33,826 WAS SOMETHING HUGE. 222 00:06:33,826 --> 00:06:35,661 I WAS NOT EVEN THINKING 223 00:06:35,661 --> 00:06:36,796 [ INDISTINCT ] 224 00:06:36,796 --> 00:06:38,030 AT THAT POINT MAYBE. 225 00:06:38,030 --> 00:06:39,365 I WAS ONLY THINKING IN 226 00:06:39,365 --> 00:06:40,600 PARTICIPATE AND BE ABLE TO 227 00:06:40,600 --> 00:06:44,270 CONTRIBUTE IN AN ACTIVE WAY. 228 00:06:44,270 --> 00:06:45,104 >> WOW. 229 00:06:45,104 --> 00:06:45,905 >> AND WE'VE BEEN LEARNING 230 00:06:45,905 --> 00:06:47,039 FROM YOU, TOO, HUGO. 231 00:06:47,039 --> 00:06:48,641 IT'S BEEN A WONDERFUL SIX YEARS 232 00:06:48,641 --> 00:06:51,110 WORKING TOGETHER WITH YOU. 233 00:06:51,110 --> 00:06:52,512 I FEEL SO FORTUNATE TO BE ABLE 234 00:06:52,512 --> 00:06:54,247 TO MEET THE CITIZEN SCIENTISTS 235 00:06:54,247 --> 00:06:55,214 THAT WE MET THROUGH 236 00:06:55,214 --> 00:06:56,516 THIS PROJECT. 237 00:06:56,516 --> 00:06:57,483 >> YEAH, IT SEEMS LIKE 238 00:06:57,483 --> 00:06:59,285 SUCH A GREAT COMMUNITY. 239 00:06:59,285 --> 00:07:01,254 SO CAN ANYONE GET INVOLVED 240 00:07:01,254 --> 00:07:02,355 AND HELP WITH THIS PROJECT? 241 00:07:02,355 --> 00:07:03,422 WHAT SORT OF EXPERIENCE 242 00:07:03,422 --> 00:07:05,892 DO PEOPLE NEED? 243 00:07:05,892 --> 00:07:07,693 >> NO EXPERIENCE NECESSARY. 244 00:07:07,693 --> 00:07:10,897 SO JUST GO TO DISKDETECTIVE.ORG. 245 00:07:10,897 --> 00:07:12,965 THERE'S A SHORT ONLINE TUTORIAL. 246 00:07:12,965 --> 00:07:14,400 IN ABOUT FIVE MINUTES, 247 00:07:14,400 --> 00:07:15,935 YOU'RE LOOKING AT DATA, 248 00:07:15,935 --> 00:07:17,537 YOU'RE HELPING NASA, 249 00:07:17,537 --> 00:07:18,604 AND YOU'RE POTENTIALLY 250 00:07:18,604 --> 00:07:20,573 MAKING DISCOVERIES. 251 00:07:20,573 --> 00:07:22,141 >> INDEED, AND REMEMBER, 252 00:07:22,141 --> 00:07:23,810 YOU ARE GOING TO BE HAVING FUN 253 00:07:23,810 --> 00:07:24,811 WHILE LEARNING. 254 00:07:24,811 --> 00:07:25,878 SO BE PATIENT. 255 00:07:25,878 --> 00:07:28,514 IF THE PROJECT REALLY GRABS YOU, 256 00:07:28,514 --> 00:07:30,016 GRABS YOUR ATTENTION, 257 00:07:30,016 --> 00:07:31,050 YOU ARE GOING TO HAVE 258 00:07:31,050 --> 00:07:32,718 MUCH TIME TO LEARN ABOUT 259 00:07:32,718 --> 00:07:34,754 MORE DETAILS AND DIFFERENT 260 00:07:34,754 --> 00:07:35,955 PARTS OF THE PROJECT. 261 00:07:35,955 --> 00:07:39,091 SO HAVE A TRY AND HAVE FUN. 262 00:07:39,091 --> 00:07:40,359 >> THAT'S AWESOME, 263 00:07:40,359 --> 00:07:41,260 THAT'S SUCH GOOD ADVICE. 264 00:07:41,260 --> 00:07:42,094 THAT WAS ACTUALLY GOING TO BE 265 00:07:42,094 --> 00:07:42,895 MY NEXT QUESTION-- 266 00:07:42,895 --> 00:07:43,729 WHAT SORT OF ADVICE 267 00:07:43,729 --> 00:07:44,530 DO YOU HAVE FOR PEOPLE 268 00:07:44,530 --> 00:07:45,331 THAT MIGHT BE INTERESTED 269 00:07:45,331 --> 00:07:47,500 IN GETTING STARTED? 270 00:07:47,500 --> 00:07:48,868 >> UH, IN ASTRONOMY, PATIENCE 271 00:07:48,868 --> 00:07:49,969 IS ONE OF THE KEYS 272 00:07:49,969 --> 00:07:51,370 BECAUSE IN ASTRONOMY, 273 00:07:51,370 --> 00:07:52,405 YOU HAVE A LOT OF DIFFERENT 274 00:07:52,405 --> 00:07:54,540 THINGS, A LOT OF TOOLS, 275 00:07:54,540 --> 00:07:57,476 AND SURVEYS AND CATALOGS 276 00:07:57,476 --> 00:07:59,579 AND VOCABULARY TO LEARN. 277 00:07:59,579 --> 00:08:01,914 BUT PATIENCE IS ONE OF THE KEYS, 278 00:08:01,914 --> 00:08:04,150 ASIDE FROM WANTING TO LEARN. 279 00:08:04,150 --> 00:08:05,284 AND ASTRONOMY CAN ALSO 280 00:08:05,284 --> 00:08:07,320 HAVE A HUGE VARIETY 281 00:08:07,320 --> 00:08:09,922 OF THINGS TO STUDY. 282 00:08:09,922 --> 00:08:11,858 UH, MAYBE YOU WANT 283 00:08:11,858 --> 00:08:14,493 TO LOOK AT STARS, PERFECT. 284 00:08:14,493 --> 00:08:16,429 OR MAYBE YOU WANT TO SEE 285 00:08:16,429 --> 00:08:17,396 PRETTY GALAXIES. 286 00:08:17,396 --> 00:08:18,264 THERE ARE ALSO PROJECTS 287 00:08:18,264 --> 00:08:19,265 FOR THAT. 288 00:08:19,265 --> 00:08:21,500 ASTRONOMY CAN [ INDISTINCT ] 289 00:08:21,500 --> 00:08:23,536 HAVE A BIG SELECTION OF THINGS 290 00:08:23,536 --> 00:08:25,905 FOR YOU THERE. 291 00:08:25,905 --> 00:08:27,106 >> AND HUGO, YOU HELPED US 292 00:08:27,106 --> 00:08:29,208 DISCOVER PETER PAN DISKS, 293 00:08:29,208 --> 00:08:31,544 WHICH ARE THE OLDEST DISKS 294 00:08:31,544 --> 00:08:34,146 THAT ARE STILL FORMING PLANETS. 295 00:08:34,146 --> 00:08:36,515 SO SCIENTISTS-- WE ASTRONOMERS 296 00:08:36,515 --> 00:08:38,317 THOUGHT THAT DISKS 297 00:08:38,317 --> 00:08:39,919 STOPPED FORMING PLANETS 298 00:08:39,919 --> 00:08:41,988 AFTER ABOUT FIVE MILLION YEARS, 299 00:08:41,988 --> 00:08:43,723 BUT THEN THE CITIZEN SCIENTISTS 300 00:08:43,723 --> 00:08:44,957 AT DISK DETECTIVES 301 00:08:44,957 --> 00:08:46,359 STARTED FINDING OBJECTS 302 00:08:46,359 --> 00:08:47,860 THAT WERE FORMING-- 303 00:08:47,860 --> 00:08:49,662 THAT WERE ABLE TO FORM PLANETS 304 00:08:49,662 --> 00:08:51,964 ABOUT NINE OR TEN TIMES 305 00:08:51,964 --> 00:08:53,833 THE AGE OF THAT, SO INTO 306 00:08:53,833 --> 00:08:55,401 THE 40 AND 50 MILLION 307 00:08:55,401 --> 00:08:58,437 YEAR OLD AGE RANGE. 308 00:08:58,437 --> 00:09:00,806 AND, UH, YOU KNOW, 309 00:09:00,806 --> 00:09:01,774 THE ASTRONOMY COMMUNITY 310 00:09:01,774 --> 00:09:02,675 IS STILL TRYING TO FIGURE OUT 311 00:09:02,675 --> 00:09:03,509 WHAT THAT MEANS, 312 00:09:03,509 --> 00:09:05,144 SO THAT'S PRETTY EXCITING. 313 00:09:05,144 --> 00:09:06,212 >> THAT'S AMAZING, THAT IS 314 00:09:06,212 --> 00:09:07,413 SO COOL THAT NEW DISCOVERIES 315 00:09:07,413 --> 00:09:08,814 HAVE COME OUT OF THIS, 316 00:09:08,814 --> 00:09:10,249 UM, WORKING WITH-WITH 317 00:09:10,249 --> 00:09:12,385 CITIZENS AND SCIENTISTS. 318 00:09:12,385 --> 00:09:14,186 >> YEAH, AND MAYBE FOR 319 00:09:14,186 --> 00:09:15,488 PEOPLE PARTICIPATING 320 00:09:15,488 --> 00:09:17,857 [ INDISTINCT ] SOME SURPRISE. 321 00:09:17,857 --> 00:09:19,825 LIKE ME, WHEN I WAS INVITED 322 00:09:19,825 --> 00:09:21,661 TO MY LOCAL TV STATION 323 00:09:21,661 --> 00:09:24,196 TO AN INTERVIEW ABOUT THAT, 324 00:09:24,196 --> 00:09:26,766 UM, WELL, YOU BECAME 325 00:09:26,766 --> 00:09:29,168 A, UH, A LOCAL CELEBRITY 326 00:09:29,168 --> 00:09:31,137 FOR A BIT, UM, BY MAKING 327 00:09:31,137 --> 00:09:33,239 THIS SCIENCE DISCOVERY. 328 00:09:33,239 --> 00:09:35,308 >> THAT IS SO COOL, WOW. 329 00:09:35,308 --> 00:09:36,442 WELL, THAT'S ALL THE TIME 330 00:09:36,442 --> 00:09:37,643 WE HAVE TODAY. 331 00:09:37,643 --> 00:09:38,844 THANK YOU BOTH SO MUCH 332 00:09:38,844 --> 00:09:40,913 FOR JOINING US. 333 00:09:40,913 --> 00:09:42,381 >> THANKS FOR HAVING US, EMILY. 334 00:09:42,381 --> 00:09:43,683 >> THANK YOU FOR HAVING US, 335 00:09:43,683 --> 00:09:44,583 A PLEASURE. 336 00:09:44,583 --> 00:09:46,152 >> YES, OF COURSE. 337 00:09:46,986 --> 00:09:47,954 USING THE POWER OF 338 00:09:47,954 --> 00:09:49,121 OUR GLOBAL COMMUNITY, 339 00:09:49,121 --> 00:09:50,256 NASA HAS DEVELOPED 340 00:09:50,256 --> 00:09:51,424 AN INTERACTIVE APP 341 00:09:51,424 --> 00:09:53,092 CALLED NeMO-NET. 342 00:09:53,092 --> 00:09:54,393 IT'S USED TO CHARACTERIZE 343 00:09:54,393 --> 00:09:55,795 CORAL REEF ECOSYSTEMS 344 00:09:55,795 --> 00:09:57,096 AROUND THE WORLD WITH 345 00:09:57,096 --> 00:09:58,931 UNPRECEDENTED ACCURACY. 346 00:09:58,931 --> 00:09:59,999 TODAY WE'RE JOINED BY 347 00:09:59,999 --> 00:10:01,734 TEN YEAR OLD CITIZEN SCIENTIST 348 00:10:01,734 --> 00:10:03,202 KELLEN HOMAN 349 00:10:03,202 --> 00:10:04,603 AND NASA SCIENTIST 350 00:10:04,603 --> 00:10:06,739 DR. VED CHIRAYATH TO TELL US 351 00:10:06,739 --> 00:10:08,541 MORE ABOUT THIS FUN PROJECT. 352 00:10:08,541 --> 00:10:09,475 THANK YOU BOTH FOR 353 00:10:09,475 --> 00:10:10,543 JOINING US TODAY. 354 00:10:10,543 --> 00:10:11,510 VED, SO CAN YOU TELL US 355 00:10:11,510 --> 00:10:12,278 A LITTLE BIT MORE 356 00:10:12,278 --> 00:10:14,113 ABOUT NeMO-NET? WHAT IS IT? 357 00:10:14,113 --> 00:10:15,514 >> SURE, SO I INVENTED 358 00:10:15,514 --> 00:10:16,849 A TECHNOLOGY CALLED 359 00:10:16,849 --> 00:10:18,584 FLUID LENSING AT NASA, 360 00:10:18,584 --> 00:10:19,819 AND IT'S THE FIRST TECHNIQUE 361 00:10:19,819 --> 00:10:21,020 WE'VE HAD THAT CAN LOOK 362 00:10:21,020 --> 00:10:22,621 BENEATH THE OCEAN WAVES 363 00:10:22,621 --> 00:10:24,690 AND MAP CORALS IN 3D. 364 00:10:24,690 --> 00:10:25,725 SO WE'VE BEEN TRAVELING 365 00:10:25,725 --> 00:10:27,093 AROUND THE WORLD USING DRONES 366 00:10:27,093 --> 00:10:28,160 AND THIS TECHNIQUE 367 00:10:28,160 --> 00:10:29,695 TO MAP CORAL IN 3D. 368 00:10:29,695 --> 00:10:30,563 AND THE REALLY-- 369 00:10:30,563 --> 00:10:31,497 THE BIGGEST CHALLENGE WE HAVE 370 00:10:31,497 --> 00:10:32,498 WITH ALL OF THIS DATA 371 00:10:32,498 --> 00:10:33,833 IS HOW TO CLASSIFY IT. 372 00:10:33,833 --> 00:10:35,501 HOW DO WE GET THE BASIC NUMBER 373 00:10:35,501 --> 00:10:37,036 OF HOW MANY CORALS THERE ARE, 374 00:10:37,036 --> 00:10:38,437 HOW THEY'RE DOING AS A FUNCTION 375 00:10:38,437 --> 00:10:40,606 OF CHANGING OCEAN TEMPERATURES? 376 00:10:40,606 --> 00:10:41,507 AND THAT'S WHERE NeMO-NET 377 00:10:41,507 --> 00:10:42,541 COMES IN. 378 00:10:42,541 --> 00:10:43,909 SO WE BUILT A VIDEO GAME, 379 00:10:43,909 --> 00:10:45,011 UH, THAT TIES INTO 380 00:10:45,011 --> 00:10:46,145 OUR SUPERCOMPUTER. 381 00:10:46,145 --> 00:10:47,213 AND YOU CAN DOWNLOAD IT 382 00:10:47,213 --> 00:10:48,647 AND PLAY IT ON YOUR iPHONE 383 00:10:48,647 --> 00:10:50,149 OR iPAD DEVICE. 384 00:10:50,149 --> 00:10:51,017 AND WHAT YOU'RE DOING 385 00:10:51,017 --> 00:10:51,984 IN THAT GAME IS LOOKING AT 386 00:10:51,984 --> 00:10:53,386 OUR DATASETS THAT WE ARE GETTING 387 00:10:53,386 --> 00:10:54,286 FROM AROUND THE WORLD 388 00:10:54,286 --> 00:10:55,388 WITH THESE DRONES 389 00:10:55,388 --> 00:10:56,822 AND HELPING LEARN ABOUT 390 00:10:56,822 --> 00:10:58,057 CORALS AT THE SAME TIME 391 00:10:58,057 --> 00:10:59,125 AS COLORING THEM 392 00:10:59,125 --> 00:11:00,259 AND FEEDING DATA 393 00:11:00,259 --> 00:11:01,761 INTO OUR SUPERCOMPUTER. 394 00:11:01,761 --> 00:11:03,262 >> WOW, THIS IS SUCH 395 00:11:03,262 --> 00:11:04,830 A COOL IDEA TO GET PEOPLE 396 00:11:04,830 --> 00:11:06,399 INVOLVED IN THIS PROJECT. 397 00:11:06,399 --> 00:11:08,701 UM, KELLEN, I UNDERSTAND 398 00:11:08,701 --> 00:11:10,536 THAT YOU'VE BEEN WORKING WITH-- 399 00:11:10,536 --> 00:11:11,504 ON THIS PROJECT. 400 00:11:11,504 --> 00:11:12,371 SO CAN YOU TELL US, 401 00:11:12,371 --> 00:11:14,040 IS NeMO-NET MORE LIKE A GAME, 402 00:11:14,040 --> 00:11:15,274 OR IS IT LIKE SCHOOLWORK? 403 00:11:15,274 --> 00:11:16,776 AND HAVE YOU LEARNED SCIENCE 404 00:11:16,776 --> 00:11:18,444 BY PLAYING THE GAME? 405 00:11:18,444 --> 00:11:19,779 >> IT'S KIND OF-- 406 00:11:19,779 --> 00:11:20,713 IT'S KIND OF LIKE A GAME, 407 00:11:20,713 --> 00:11:21,714 'CAUSE IT'S NOT SCHOOLWORK. 408 00:11:21,714 --> 00:11:22,548 YOU KIND OF GET TO DO 409 00:11:22,548 --> 00:11:23,482 WHAT YOU WANNA DO. 410 00:11:23,482 --> 00:11:24,550 YOU CAN CHOOSE WHERE 411 00:11:24,550 --> 00:11:25,684 YOU WANNA BE 412 00:11:25,684 --> 00:11:27,186 AND WHAT-WHAT YOU WANNA DO. 413 00:11:27,186 --> 00:11:29,055 THERE ARE LIKE 2D, 3D, 414 00:11:29,055 --> 00:11:31,223 AND STUFF LIKE THAT. 415 00:11:31,223 --> 00:11:32,525 >> THAT SOUNDS VERY FUN. 416 00:11:32,525 --> 00:11:33,492 WHAT KINDS OF THINGS HAVE YOU 417 00:11:33,492 --> 00:11:35,895 LEARNED FROM PLAYING THE GAME? 418 00:11:35,895 --> 00:11:36,729 >> THERE'S A LOT OF TYPES 419 00:11:36,729 --> 00:11:37,630 OF CORAL. 420 00:11:37,630 --> 00:11:39,765 AND THERE ARE SOME KEY REGIONS 421 00:11:39,765 --> 00:11:42,735 THAT HAVE CORAL. 422 00:11:42,735 --> 00:11:47,073 UM, THEY ARE-- YOU CAN CLASSIFY 423 00:11:47,073 --> 00:11:48,841 GUAM, THE GREAT BARRIER REEF, 424 00:11:48,841 --> 00:11:51,310 AMERICAN SAMOA, HAWAII, 425 00:11:51,310 --> 00:11:53,112 OR PUERTO RICO CORAL. 426 00:11:53,112 --> 00:11:54,113 SO THAT SEEMS LIKE WHERE MOST 427 00:11:54,113 --> 00:11:56,849 OF THE CORAL IS, PROBABLY. 428 00:11:56,849 --> 00:11:58,050 >> WOW, I DIDN'T KNOW THAT. 429 00:11:58,050 --> 00:11:59,819 SO CAN YOU SHOW US KINDA 430 00:11:59,819 --> 00:12:02,455 HOW YOU INTERACT WITH THIS APP? 431 00:12:02,455 --> 00:12:03,756 I HEAR THAT YOU ARE SO GOOD 432 00:12:03,756 --> 00:12:04,990 AT CLASSIFYING CORAL 433 00:12:04,990 --> 00:12:05,891 THAT YOU HAVE EARNED 434 00:12:05,891 --> 00:12:07,493 THE STATUS OF SEA TURTLE. 435 00:12:07,493 --> 00:12:08,627 UM, WAS IT HARD TO GET TO 436 00:12:08,627 --> 00:12:10,729 THAT LEVEL? 437 00:12:10,729 --> 00:12:11,897 >> YUP, I'VE BEEN PLAYING IT 438 00:12:11,897 --> 00:12:13,466 FOR A FEW-- 439 00:12:13,466 --> 00:12:15,935 YEAH, A FEW MONTHS NOW. 440 00:12:15,935 --> 00:12:17,903 SO I HAVE MY 3D MAP OF CORAL. 441 00:12:17,903 --> 00:12:18,938 I HAVE THE TYPES OF CORAL 442 00:12:18,938 --> 00:12:19,805 ON HERE. 443 00:12:19,805 --> 00:12:21,474 I CAN PULL THIS, AND THEN 444 00:12:21,474 --> 00:12:23,476 I CAN GO TO A LIST OF 445 00:12:23,476 --> 00:12:25,211 ALL THE CORAL TYPES I HAVE-- 446 00:12:25,211 --> 00:12:27,379 WHAT I-WHAT I CAN CLASSIFY, 447 00:12:27,379 --> 00:12:29,849 AND LIKE WHAT THEY LOOK LIKE. 448 00:12:29,849 --> 00:12:33,052 SO THEN I'LL GET OUT OF THAT, 449 00:12:33,052 --> 00:12:35,354 AND THEN YOU HAVE A 3D MAP TOO. 450 00:12:35,354 --> 00:12:38,657 YOU CAN, LIKE, SCROLL 451 00:12:38,657 --> 00:12:39,892 ALL THE DIRECTIONS, 452 00:12:39,892 --> 00:12:40,893 YOU CAN LOOK FROM, 453 00:12:40,893 --> 00:12:42,328 LIKE, ALL DIRECTIONS. 454 00:12:42,328 --> 00:12:44,230 >> IT SOUNDS LIKE YOU'RE A PRO. 455 00:12:44,230 --> 00:12:45,865 SO VED, HOW ARE CITIZEN 456 00:12:45,865 --> 00:12:47,233 SCIENTISTS LIKE KELLEN 457 00:12:47,233 --> 00:12:48,701 AND THEIR WORK IN THIS APP 458 00:12:48,701 --> 00:12:49,835 HELPING US UNDERSTAND 459 00:12:49,835 --> 00:12:50,769 WHAT'S-WHAT'S GOING ON 460 00:12:50,769 --> 00:12:53,005 WITH CORAL REEFS? 461 00:12:53,005 --> 00:12:54,206 >> UH, I MEAN, TO PUT IT 462 00:12:54,206 --> 00:12:55,474 BLUNTLY, THEY ARE CHANGING 463 00:12:55,474 --> 00:12:56,408 THE WORLD. 464 00:12:56,408 --> 00:12:57,309 I MEAN, WE HAVE MAPPED, 465 00:12:57,309 --> 00:12:59,211 AS OF 2020, AROUND 6% 466 00:12:59,211 --> 00:13:00,679 OF THE OCEAN FLOOR. 467 00:13:00,679 --> 00:13:01,881 AND ONE OF THE REASONS 468 00:13:01,881 --> 00:13:03,048 WHY IT'S SO DIFFICULT TO MAP 469 00:13:03,048 --> 00:13:03,949 THE OCEAN FLOOR-- 470 00:13:03,949 --> 00:13:05,017 FIRST IS BECAUSE IT'S DIFFICULT 471 00:13:05,017 --> 00:13:05,885 TO SEE ANYTHING 472 00:13:05,885 --> 00:13:06,785 BENEATH OCEAN WAVES. 473 00:13:06,785 --> 00:13:08,387 SO OUR INSTRUMENT HELPS FIX THAT 474 00:13:08,387 --> 00:13:09,488 AND REVEAL THAT ENVIRONMENT 475 00:13:09,488 --> 00:13:11,023 IN 3D, BUT THE SECOND IS 476 00:13:11,023 --> 00:13:12,291 ONCE YOU HAVE ALL THAT DATA, 477 00:13:12,291 --> 00:13:13,592 IT REALLY DOESN'T MEAN ANYTHING 478 00:13:13,592 --> 00:13:15,561 UNLESS YOU HAVE HUMANS COME IN 479 00:13:15,561 --> 00:13:16,896 AND HELP ANNOTATE WHAT IT IS 480 00:13:16,896 --> 00:13:17,897 WE'RE LOOKING AT. 481 00:13:17,897 --> 00:13:19,131 IS IT SAND? 482 00:13:19,131 --> 00:13:20,466 ARE WE LOOKING AT SEA CUCUMBERS, 483 00:13:20,466 --> 00:13:21,934 SEA GRASS, CORALS? 484 00:13:21,934 --> 00:13:23,269 AND IT REALLY BECOMES 485 00:13:23,269 --> 00:13:24,737 A COMPLICATED MACHINE 486 00:13:24,737 --> 00:13:25,971 LEARNING PROBLEM. 487 00:13:25,971 --> 00:13:26,939 SO WHEN WE FIRST CREATED 488 00:13:26,939 --> 00:13:28,040 THE PROJECT, WE DIDN'T HAVE 489 00:13:28,040 --> 00:13:29,241 A VIDEO GAME IN MIND. 490 00:13:29,241 --> 00:13:30,609 WE WERE PURELY FOCUSED ON 491 00:13:30,609 --> 00:13:32,178 SUPERCOMPUTING AND BEING ABLE 492 00:13:32,178 --> 00:13:33,345 TO DEVELOP A TOOL 493 00:13:33,345 --> 00:13:34,713 TO CLASSIFY THESE REEFS. 494 00:13:34,713 --> 00:13:35,748 BUT WE LEARNED, YOU KNOW, 495 00:13:35,748 --> 00:13:37,816 THAT THE SUPERCOMPUTER RESULTS 496 00:13:37,816 --> 00:13:39,185 AND THE MACHINE LEARNING OUTPUTS 497 00:13:39,185 --> 00:13:40,319 WERE ONLY AS GOOD AS 498 00:13:40,319 --> 00:13:41,787 THE TRAINING DATA WE HAVE. 499 00:13:41,787 --> 00:13:43,088 AT THAT POINT, YOU KNOW, 500 00:13:43,088 --> 00:13:43,923 WE THOUGHT, ALL RIGHT, 501 00:13:43,923 --> 00:13:44,790 WE HAVE-WE HAVE 502 00:13:44,790 --> 00:13:45,925 AN UNTAPPED POTENTIAL, 503 00:13:45,925 --> 00:13:46,992 UM, ACROSS THE WORLD 504 00:13:46,992 --> 00:13:48,027 AND IN OUR NATION AS WELL 505 00:13:48,027 --> 00:13:49,261 WITH ALL OF THESE STUDENTS 506 00:13:49,261 --> 00:13:50,763 WHO ARE-ARE INTERESTED, ENGAGED, 507 00:13:50,763 --> 00:13:51,697 THEY WANT TO EXPLORE 508 00:13:51,697 --> 00:13:52,831 THESE ENVIRONMENTS. 509 00:13:52,831 --> 00:13:54,033 UM, IT'S-IT'S FUNNY 510 00:13:54,033 --> 00:13:54,967 THAT THIS HAPPENED 511 00:13:54,967 --> 00:13:55,868 DURING THE PANDEMIC 512 00:13:55,868 --> 00:13:56,769 AND A LOT OF FOLKS WERE LOOKING 513 00:13:56,769 --> 00:13:58,037 FOR AN ACTIVITY TO DO AT HOME 514 00:13:58,037 --> 00:13:58,904 THAT WOULD BE 515 00:13:58,904 --> 00:13:59,772 AT ONCE EDUCATIONAL 516 00:13:59,772 --> 00:14:01,073 AND BENEFIT SCIENCE. 517 00:14:01,073 --> 00:14:02,208 AND THAT'S WHEN WE DECIDED 518 00:14:02,208 --> 00:14:03,209 TO LAUNCH NeMO-NET 519 00:14:03,209 --> 00:14:04,476 ON EARTH DAY THIS YEAR. 520 00:14:04,476 --> 00:14:05,811 AND SO WE-WE CURRENTLY HAVE 521 00:14:05,811 --> 00:14:08,514 AROUND 100,000+ ACTIVE USERS. 522 00:14:08,514 --> 00:14:10,449 KELLEN IS IN OUR-OUR TOP 1% 523 00:14:10,449 --> 00:14:11,817 OF PRO PLAYERS. 524 00:14:11,817 --> 00:14:13,986 HE OUT-CLASSIFIES PhD-TRAINED 525 00:14:13,986 --> 00:14:17,389 CORAL REEF BIOLOGISTS REGULARLY. 526 00:14:17,389 --> 00:14:18,657 >> OH, MY GOSH. 527 00:14:18,657 --> 00:14:19,525 >> HIS SCREEN NAME IS, UH, 528 00:14:19,525 --> 00:14:21,227 ADMIRAL CROCODILE, 529 00:14:21,227 --> 00:14:22,528 AND IT'S-IT'S REALLY 530 00:14:22,528 --> 00:14:24,997 JUST AMAZING HOW-HOW QUICKLY, 531 00:14:24,997 --> 00:14:26,865 UM, KIDS IN HIS AGE GROUP 532 00:14:26,865 --> 00:14:28,667 PICK UP ON CLASSIFYING. 533 00:14:28,667 --> 00:14:29,802 THIS IS NOT AN EASY TASK. 534 00:14:29,802 --> 00:14:31,036 I MEAN, I STRUGGLE WITH THIS. 535 00:14:31,036 --> 00:14:32,271 YOU OPEN THE GAME, YOU SEE 536 00:14:32,271 --> 00:14:33,806 A-A 3D CORAL, 537 00:14:33,806 --> 00:14:34,940 WHICH LOOKS, YOU KNOW, 538 00:14:34,940 --> 00:14:35,941 LIKE A LOAF OF BREAD 539 00:14:35,941 --> 00:14:37,276 TO SOME PEOPLE, IT CAN LOOK LIKE 540 00:14:37,276 --> 00:14:38,544 VERY DIFFERENT SHAPES. 541 00:14:38,544 --> 00:14:40,045 KIDS HAVE TO LEARN WHAT THAT IS, 542 00:14:40,045 --> 00:14:41,413 PASS AN ACCURACY TEST 543 00:14:41,413 --> 00:14:43,082 WHILE PAINTING IN 3D, 544 00:14:43,082 --> 00:14:44,383 AND THAT'S HOW THEY GRADUATE 545 00:14:44,383 --> 00:14:45,884 AND LEVEL UP THE FOOD CHAIN, 546 00:14:45,884 --> 00:14:47,319 UM, IN THE VIDEO GAME. 547 00:14:47,319 --> 00:14:48,554 AND ALL THAT DATA THEN GETS 548 00:14:48,554 --> 00:14:49,855 COMPARED IN OUR SUPERCOMPUTER. 549 00:14:49,855 --> 00:14:50,923 WE CAN MEASURE 550 00:14:50,923 --> 00:14:52,057 STATISTICS RELATED TO 551 00:14:52,057 --> 00:14:53,292 OTHER SCIENTISTS' INPUTS, 552 00:14:53,292 --> 00:14:55,327 OTHER, UH, AMATEUR PLAYERS, 553 00:14:55,327 --> 00:14:56,528 AND IT'S-IT'S REALLY-- 554 00:14:56,528 --> 00:14:57,563 THE-THE SWEET SPOT, WE'VE FOUND, 555 00:14:57,563 --> 00:14:58,998 FOR CLASSIFICATION IS-IS 556 00:14:58,998 --> 00:15:01,100 ROUGHLY KELLEN'S AGE GROUP. 557 00:15:01,100 --> 00:15:03,168 UM, AND THE AMOUNT OF TIME 558 00:15:03,168 --> 00:15:04,069 THAT THEY PLAY, 559 00:15:04,069 --> 00:15:05,404 THE KNOWLEDGE THEY HAVE 560 00:15:05,404 --> 00:15:06,272 IN THESE ENVIRONMENTS 561 00:15:06,272 --> 00:15:07,573 IS REALLY JUST EXTRAORDINARY. 562 00:15:07,573 --> 00:15:09,708 SO, YEAH, I MEAN, 563 00:15:09,708 --> 00:15:10,576 WE COULD NOT DO IT 564 00:15:10,576 --> 00:15:12,411 W-WITHOUT KIDS LIKE KELLEN. 565 00:15:12,411 --> 00:15:14,046 >> THIS IS SO AMAZING. 566 00:15:14,046 --> 00:15:15,247 SO, UH, KELLEN, 567 00:15:15,247 --> 00:15:16,148 DO YOU HAVE ANY ADVICE 568 00:15:16,148 --> 00:15:17,650 FOR-FOR PEOPLE WATCHING 569 00:15:17,650 --> 00:15:19,852 THAT MIGHT WANT TO GET INVOLVED. 570 00:15:19,852 --> 00:15:21,420 >> YEAH, I ALSO WANNA-- 571 00:15:21,420 --> 00:15:22,254 WHERE I-- 572 00:15:22,254 --> 00:15:23,322 I ACTUALLY HAVE A NUMBER. 573 00:15:23,322 --> 00:15:25,157 THERE HAVE BEEN 7,000-- 574 00:15:25,157 --> 00:15:29,628 700,300-- NO, 73,588 575 00:15:29,628 --> 00:15:30,963 CLASSIFICATIONS BY EVERYBODY 576 00:15:30,963 --> 00:15:33,465 WHO'S BEEN PLAYING THE INTERNET. 577 00:15:33,465 --> 00:15:34,800 >> THAT'S AMAZING. 578 00:15:34,800 --> 00:15:37,069 >> AND ADVICE IS DEFINITELY 579 00:15:37,069 --> 00:15:37,970 TAKE YOUR TIME 580 00:15:37,970 --> 00:15:40,873 AND, LIKE, DO IT ONE AT A TIME. 581 00:15:40,873 --> 00:15:41,974 AND DEFINITELY LOOK 582 00:15:41,974 --> 00:15:42,741 AND MAKE SURE YOU KNOW 583 00:15:42,741 --> 00:15:44,043 WHAT EACH CORAL TYPE LOOKS LIKE, 584 00:15:44,043 --> 00:15:44,777 'CAUSE THEY DO GIVE 585 00:15:44,777 --> 00:15:47,646 ACTUAL PICTURES IN THE GAME OF 586 00:15:47,646 --> 00:15:48,447 WHAT THE CORAL TYPES 587 00:15:48,447 --> 00:15:49,348 LOOK LIKE. 588 00:15:49,348 --> 00:15:51,884 SO THAT'S-THAT HELPS CLASSIFY, 589 00:15:51,884 --> 00:15:53,118 WHEN YOU CAN SEE WHAT 590 00:15:53,118 --> 00:15:55,120 THE CORAL TYPES LOOK LIKE, 591 00:15:55,120 --> 00:15:56,055 AND THEN YOU CAN PUT THAT 592 00:15:56,055 --> 00:15:57,423 INTO YOUR KNOWLEDGE 593 00:15:57,423 --> 00:15:59,091 OF WHAT YOU'RE LOOKING FOR 594 00:15:59,091 --> 00:16:01,126 IN THE GAME. 595 00:16:01,126 --> 00:16:02,094 >> THIS IS SO COOL. 596 00:16:02,094 --> 00:16:03,395 I AM JUST SO IMPRESSED. 597 00:16:03,395 --> 00:16:05,064 BUT THANK YOU BOTH SO MUCH 598 00:16:05,064 --> 00:16:07,333 FOR JOINING US. 599 00:16:07,599 --> 00:16:08,634 LET'S MOVE UP 600 00:16:08,634 --> 00:16:09,968 INTO THE ATMOSPHERE, 601 00:16:09,968 --> 00:16:10,903 WAY UP TO WHERE 602 00:16:10,903 --> 00:16:11,870 THE AURORAS DANCE 603 00:16:11,870 --> 00:16:13,072 ACROSS OUR SKIES. 604 00:16:13,072 --> 00:16:14,373 IN ORDER TO TRACK THE APPEARANCE 605 00:16:14,373 --> 00:16:16,275 OF AURORAS ACROSS THE GLOBE, 606 00:16:16,275 --> 00:16:17,176 NASA SUPPORTS 607 00:16:17,176 --> 00:16:18,444 A CITIZEN SCIENCE PROJECT 608 00:16:18,444 --> 00:16:20,179 CALLED AURORASAURUS, 609 00:16:20,179 --> 00:16:22,114 WHERE VOLUNTEERS SUBMIT REPORTS 610 00:16:22,114 --> 00:16:23,315 AND PHOTOGRAPHS 611 00:16:23,315 --> 00:16:24,350 THROUGH A MOBILE APP 612 00:16:24,350 --> 00:16:25,617 AND WEBSITE. 613 00:16:25,617 --> 00:16:26,618 WITH ALL OF THIS DATA 614 00:16:26,618 --> 00:16:28,320 FROM USERS AROUND THE PLANET, 615 00:16:28,320 --> 00:16:29,455 RESEARCHERS ARE ABLE TO 616 00:16:29,455 --> 00:16:31,657 LEARN MORE ABOUT THIS MYSTERIOUS 617 00:16:31,657 --> 00:16:33,392 AND DAZZLING PHENOMENON. 618 00:16:33,392 --> 00:16:35,260 I'M JOINED BY NASA SCIENTIST 619 00:16:35,260 --> 00:16:37,329 DR. ELIZABETH MacDONALD AND 620 00:16:37,329 --> 00:16:39,598 CITIZEN SCIENTIST DONNA LACH. 621 00:16:39,598 --> 00:16:40,299 THANK YOU SO MUCH 622 00:16:40,299 --> 00:16:42,568 FOR JOINING US. 623 00:16:42,568 --> 00:16:43,535 >> HI, THANK YOU FOR 624 00:16:43,535 --> 00:16:45,938 INCLUDING ME. 625 00:16:45,938 --> 00:16:47,306 >> HI, THANKS. 626 00:16:47,306 --> 00:16:47,906 >> OF COURSE. 627 00:16:47,906 --> 00:16:49,975 SO ELIZABETH, WHY IS IT 628 00:16:49,975 --> 00:16:51,410 AN IMPORTANT AREA OF RESEARCH, 629 00:16:51,410 --> 00:16:52,144 UM, TO HAVE 630 00:16:52,144 --> 00:16:53,145 THESE CITIZEN SCIENTISTS 631 00:16:53,145 --> 00:16:56,682 CONTRIBUTE REGARDING AURORAS? 632 00:16:56,682 --> 00:16:58,150 >> YEAH, SO AURORAS AFFECT 633 00:16:58,150 --> 00:16:59,952 OUR TECHNOLOGIES ON EARTH 634 00:16:59,952 --> 00:17:01,787 AND IN THE SKY, UM, 635 00:17:01,787 --> 00:17:02,621 IN SATELLITES. 636 00:17:02,621 --> 00:17:04,323 AND THEY MOVE REALLY QUICKLY. 637 00:17:04,323 --> 00:17:06,258 AND IT'S IMPORTANT, UM, 638 00:17:06,258 --> 00:17:07,459 TO GET AN UNDERSTANDING OF 639 00:17:07,459 --> 00:17:09,228 WHAT THEY'RE DOING, UH, 640 00:17:09,228 --> 00:17:10,963 EVEN WHEN THEY'RE REALLY QUIET 641 00:17:10,963 --> 00:17:12,197 OR REALLY LARGE. 642 00:17:12,197 --> 00:17:13,532 UM, AND CITIZEN SCIENTISTS 643 00:17:13,532 --> 00:17:15,801 CAN REALLY HELP WITH THAT. 644 00:17:15,801 --> 00:17:16,402 >> AMAZING. 645 00:17:16,402 --> 00:17:18,337 SO DONNA, YOU, UM, 646 00:17:18,337 --> 00:17:19,271 ARE A CITIZEN SCIENTIST 647 00:17:19,271 --> 00:17:20,406 WITH THIS PROJECT. 648 00:17:20,406 --> 00:17:21,507 CAN YOU, UH, KINDA 649 00:17:21,507 --> 00:17:22,641 WALK US THROUGH 650 00:17:22,641 --> 00:17:25,377 WHAT CONTRIBUTING LOOKS LIKE? 651 00:17:25,377 --> 00:17:26,378 >> SURE. 652 00:17:26,378 --> 00:17:28,046 UM, IT'S, UH-- 653 00:17:28,046 --> 00:17:29,748 WHAT AURORASAURUS WANTS 654 00:17:29,748 --> 00:17:31,216 IS OUR OBSERVATIONS 655 00:17:31,216 --> 00:17:32,151 FROM THE GROUND 656 00:17:32,151 --> 00:17:33,085 WHEREVER WE ARE. 657 00:17:33,085 --> 00:17:34,086 SO WE ARE THEIR 658 00:17:34,086 --> 00:17:34,653 BOOTS ON THE GROUND, 659 00:17:34,653 --> 00:17:35,921 EYES TO THE SKY. 660 00:17:35,921 --> 00:17:37,790 AND IT STARTS WITH ME 661 00:17:37,790 --> 00:17:38,957 WATCHING THE FORECAST 662 00:17:38,957 --> 00:17:40,993 FOR THE AURORA AND THE, UH, 663 00:17:40,993 --> 00:17:42,861 SOLAR ACTIVITY, UH, LISTENING TO 664 00:17:42,861 --> 00:17:44,229 THE CHATTER ON TWITTER 665 00:17:44,229 --> 00:17:46,198 AND OUR FACEBOOK GROUPS, 666 00:17:46,198 --> 00:17:47,399 AND WHEN THE CONDITIONS 667 00:17:47,399 --> 00:17:48,000 ARE RIGHT 668 00:17:48,000 --> 00:17:49,334 AND THE SKY IS CLEAR, 669 00:17:49,334 --> 00:17:51,336 I HEAD OUT WITH MY CAMERA, 670 00:17:51,336 --> 00:17:54,039 AND I WILL TAKE PICTURES 671 00:17:54,039 --> 00:17:55,407 OF THE AURORA. 672 00:17:55,407 --> 00:17:57,042 AND AFTER THAT 673 00:17:57,042 --> 00:18:00,479 I WILL REPORT BY, UH, 674 00:18:00,479 --> 00:18:02,080 GOING ONLINE TO AURORASAURUS 675 00:18:02,080 --> 00:18:03,715 OR ON THEIR-THEIR APP. 676 00:18:03,715 --> 00:18:06,618 BUT WE WOULD, UH, GIVE THEM 677 00:18:06,618 --> 00:18:07,853 OUR OBSERVATIONS 678 00:18:07,853 --> 00:18:09,388 AND UPLOAD A PHOTO 679 00:18:09,388 --> 00:18:11,857 OF WHAT WE SAW ON THE GROUND. 680 00:18:11,857 --> 00:18:12,458 >> WOW. 681 00:18:12,458 --> 00:18:13,192 AND ELIZABETH, 682 00:18:13,192 --> 00:18:14,393 HOW DOES THAT HELP YOU 683 00:18:14,393 --> 00:18:16,562 WITH YOUR RESEARCH? 684 00:18:16,562 --> 00:18:18,497 >> WELL, KNOWING, UM, 685 00:18:18,497 --> 00:18:20,165 EXACTLY WHAT TIME IT WAS 686 00:18:20,165 --> 00:18:21,433 AND WHERE THE PERSON WAS 687 00:18:21,433 --> 00:18:23,335 WHEN THEY SAW THE AURORA, UM, 688 00:18:23,335 --> 00:18:24,703 ALLOWS US TO PUT ALL OF 689 00:18:24,703 --> 00:18:26,805 THOSE DIFFERENT IMAGES TOGETHER, 690 00:18:26,805 --> 00:18:27,573 ALONG WITH 691 00:18:27,573 --> 00:18:29,408 OUR TRADITIONAL OBSERVATIONS, 692 00:18:29,408 --> 00:18:31,043 AND, UM, UNDERSTAND 693 00:18:31,043 --> 00:18:35,280 THE PHENOMENA IN MORE DEPTH. 694 00:18:35,280 --> 00:18:36,315 >> WHAT KIND OF DISCOVERIES 695 00:18:36,315 --> 00:18:37,950 HAVE CITIZEN SCIENTISTS MADE, 696 00:18:37,950 --> 00:18:40,986 UH, WITH THIS PROJECT? 697 00:18:40,986 --> 00:18:42,521 >> SO ONE BIG ONE 698 00:18:42,521 --> 00:18:44,022 IS SOMETHING CALLED STEVE, 699 00:18:44,022 --> 00:18:45,724 WHICH IS ACTUALLY AN AURORA 700 00:18:45,724 --> 00:18:47,526 THAT CAN BE SEEN, UM, 701 00:18:47,526 --> 00:18:49,027 FURTHER AWAY FROM THE POLES 702 00:18:49,027 --> 00:18:50,729 THAN THE USUAL AURORA. 703 00:18:50,729 --> 00:18:53,065 SO OVERHEAD OVER, UM, 704 00:18:53,065 --> 00:18:54,299 SOUTHERN CANADA 705 00:18:54,299 --> 00:18:56,168 AND THE NORTHERN U.S. 706 00:18:56,168 --> 00:18:58,136 AND IT'S VERY UNUSUAL. 707 00:18:58,136 --> 00:18:59,171 IT KIND OF LOOKS LIKE 708 00:18:59,171 --> 00:19:00,138 AN AIRPLANE, UH, 709 00:19:00,138 --> 00:19:02,040 CONDENSATION TRAIL. 710 00:19:02,040 --> 00:19:03,642 BUT WITH A PHOTOGRAPH 711 00:19:03,642 --> 00:19:04,343 YOU CAN PICK UP 712 00:19:04,343 --> 00:19:06,512 THESE AMAZING COLORS AS WELL. 713 00:19:06,512 --> 00:19:08,881 AND, UM, BY STUDYING IT FURTHER 714 00:19:08,881 --> 00:19:10,082 WITH SATELLITE DATA 715 00:19:10,082 --> 00:19:11,884 AND OTHER DATA FROM THE GROUND, 716 00:19:11,884 --> 00:19:12,584 WE'VE DISCOVERED 717 00:19:12,584 --> 00:19:14,019 IT'S REALLY LIKE 718 00:19:14,019 --> 00:19:16,054 A FLOW-DRIVEN AURORA. 719 00:19:16,054 --> 00:19:17,956 IT'S AN EAST TO WEST FLOW 720 00:19:17,956 --> 00:19:19,391 THAT IS LIGHTING UP THE SKY 721 00:19:19,391 --> 00:19:21,159 AND DOING SOME AMAZING KIND 722 00:19:21,159 --> 00:19:24,196 OF NEW, UNUSUAL AURORA, UM, 723 00:19:24,196 --> 00:19:25,264 AURORAL ACTIVITY 724 00:19:25,264 --> 00:19:26,765 THAT'S STILL BEING, UM, 725 00:19:26,765 --> 00:19:29,001 STUDIED NOW. 726 00:19:29,001 --> 00:19:30,802 >> WOW, THAT IS AMAZING. 727 00:19:30,802 --> 00:19:32,471 SO I'VE ONLY SEEN AURORAS 728 00:19:32,471 --> 00:19:34,139 IN-IN VIDEOS AND IMAGES. 729 00:19:34,139 --> 00:19:34,873 WHAT IS IT LIKE 730 00:19:34,873 --> 00:19:38,010 TO-TO SEE IT FIRSTHAND? 731 00:19:38,010 --> 00:19:40,412 >> FROM MY LATITUDE IN SOUTHERN, 732 00:19:40,412 --> 00:19:42,581 UH, MANITOBA, IT'S-- 733 00:19:42,581 --> 00:19:43,282 IT JUST LOOKS LIKE 734 00:19:43,282 --> 00:19:43,949 A WHITE LIGHT, 735 00:19:43,949 --> 00:19:45,250 MAYBE WITH A GREEN TINT TO IT. 736 00:19:45,250 --> 00:19:47,052 WHEN IT'S ACTIVE, 737 00:19:47,052 --> 00:19:48,153 THEN SOMETIMES 738 00:19:48,153 --> 00:19:49,288 I CAN SEE THE PINK FRINGE 739 00:19:49,288 --> 00:19:50,622 ALONG THE BOTTOM. 740 00:19:50,622 --> 00:19:52,324 AND, UH, SOMETIMES 741 00:19:52,324 --> 00:19:53,792 I CAN ALSO SEE THE RED 742 00:19:53,792 --> 00:19:55,193 THAT GOES HIGH ABOVE. 743 00:19:55,193 --> 00:19:57,496 BUT, UH, MOST OF THE TIME 744 00:19:57,496 --> 00:19:59,131 IT'S ONLY ABOUT 30 DEGREES 745 00:19:59,131 --> 00:20:00,966 ABOVE THE HORIZON WHERE I AM. 746 00:20:00,966 --> 00:20:01,633 ONCE IN A WHILE 747 00:20:01,633 --> 00:20:03,335 IT WILL GO OVERHEAD. 748 00:20:03,335 --> 00:20:05,871 AND, UH, IT STARTS WITH, UH, 749 00:20:05,871 --> 00:20:07,873 JUST A LOW BAND. 750 00:20:07,873 --> 00:20:08,807 IF WE HIT A-- 751 00:20:08,807 --> 00:20:10,342 GET TO A SUBSTORM, 752 00:20:10,342 --> 00:20:12,144 THEN IT WILL START DANCING 753 00:20:12,144 --> 00:20:14,379 FOR ABOUT 30 SECONDS 754 00:20:14,379 --> 00:20:15,480 TO ABOUT 20 MINUTES. 755 00:20:15,480 --> 00:20:16,048 AND THAT'S 756 00:20:16,048 --> 00:20:17,683 THE VERY EXCITING PART 757 00:20:17,683 --> 00:20:19,418 THAT WE WANT TO PHOTOGRAPH. 758 00:20:19,418 --> 00:20:21,687 AND AFTER THAT, UH, 759 00:20:21,687 --> 00:20:24,389 IS A VERY SUBTLE, UM, 760 00:20:24,389 --> 00:20:25,424 PUL-PULSATING, 761 00:20:25,424 --> 00:20:27,826 YEAH, PULSATING, UH, AURORA 762 00:20:27,826 --> 00:20:29,161 THAT IS DIFFICULT 763 00:20:29,161 --> 00:20:30,896 TO ACTUALLY SEE WITH THE EYES, 764 00:20:30,896 --> 00:20:31,630 BUT THE CAMERA CAN 765 00:20:31,630 --> 00:20:34,800 REALLY CAPTURE IT BEAUTIFULLY. 766 00:20:34,800 --> 00:20:36,501 >> THAT IS JUST AMAZING. 767 00:20:36,501 --> 00:20:37,102 AND SO WE ONLY HAVE 768 00:20:37,102 --> 00:20:38,170 A COUPLE SECONDS LEFT, 769 00:20:38,170 --> 00:20:39,438 BUT COULD YOU-- 770 00:20:39,438 --> 00:20:40,272 DO YOU HAVE A COUPLE PIECES 771 00:20:40,272 --> 00:20:41,373 OF ADVICE FOR PEOPLE 772 00:20:41,373 --> 00:20:43,875 THAT WANT TO GET INVOLVED? 773 00:20:43,875 --> 00:20:45,577 >> I WOULD SAY PLEASE JOIN US, 774 00:20:45,577 --> 00:20:47,112 BECAUSE IT'S, UH, 775 00:20:47,112 --> 00:20:48,013 IT'S A VERY EXCITING THING 776 00:20:48,013 --> 00:20:49,548 TO BE INVOLVED WITH, 777 00:20:49,548 --> 00:20:51,917 TO BE ABLE TO REPORT, UH, 778 00:20:51,917 --> 00:20:54,086 AND SHARE WHAT I SEE. 779 00:20:54,086 --> 00:20:55,153 I'M NOT A SCIENTIST, 780 00:20:55,153 --> 00:20:56,521 I DON'T HAVE A GREAT CAMERA, 781 00:20:56,521 --> 00:20:57,889 I DON'T, UH-- 782 00:20:57,889 --> 00:20:59,291 I'M NOT A PROFESSIONAL, 783 00:20:59,291 --> 00:21:00,125 BUT I CAN BE INVOLVED 784 00:21:00,125 --> 00:21:00,759 IN SOMETHING 785 00:21:00,759 --> 00:21:01,860 THAT'S REALLY IMPORTANT. 786 00:21:01,860 --> 00:21:02,694 AND RIGHT NOW IN THIS TIME 787 00:21:02,694 --> 00:21:04,229 OF SOCIAL DISTANCING, UH, 788 00:21:04,229 --> 00:21:05,130 WE'RE LOOKING FOR SOMETHING 789 00:21:05,130 --> 00:21:06,264 TO DO OUTSIDE, 790 00:21:06,264 --> 00:21:08,033 AND WE CAN DO THIS, UH, 791 00:21:08,033 --> 00:21:08,800 ON OUR OWN. 792 00:21:08,800 --> 00:21:09,601 WE DON'T NEED TO WORRY 793 00:21:09,601 --> 00:21:10,936 ABOUT SOCIAL DISTANCING, 794 00:21:10,936 --> 00:21:12,237 AND WE CAN LINK ARMS 795 00:21:12,237 --> 00:21:13,905 WITH EVERYONE ACROSS THE GLOBE, 796 00:21:13,905 --> 00:21:15,707 UH, TO, UH, BE A PART 797 00:21:15,707 --> 00:21:17,209 OF SOMETHING VERY EXCITING 798 00:21:17,209 --> 00:21:18,710 LIKE THIS. 799 00:21:18,710 --> 00:21:19,845 >> YEAH, VIRTUALLY 800 00:21:19,845 --> 00:21:20,979 WE CAN GET TOGETHER, 801 00:21:20,979 --> 00:21:22,114 AND ALSO IT'S REALLY 802 00:21:22,114 --> 00:21:23,115 A GREAT BRIDGE 803 00:21:23,115 --> 00:21:25,050 BETWEEN THE PUBLIC 804 00:21:25,050 --> 00:21:26,451 AND THE SCIENTIFIC COMMUNITY. 805 00:21:26,451 --> 00:21:27,986 UM, AND IT SPURS A LOT 806 00:21:27,986 --> 00:21:30,422 OF GREAT COMMUNICATION AND, 807 00:21:30,422 --> 00:21:32,024 UM, QUESTIONS 808 00:21:32,024 --> 00:21:33,859 ABOUT WHAT WE'RE SEEING. 809 00:21:33,859 --> 00:21:35,160 UH, SO YEAH, 810 00:21:35,160 --> 00:21:36,895 WE ENCOURAGE PEOPLE TO JOIN US. 811 00:21:36,895 --> 00:21:38,397 UM, BE PATIENT. 812 00:21:38,397 --> 00:21:39,931 THE SUN-- WE HAVE TO WAIT 813 00:21:39,931 --> 00:21:42,067 FOR THE SUN AND THE SKY 814 00:21:42,067 --> 00:21:42,834 TO BE CLEAR, 815 00:21:42,834 --> 00:21:44,069 AND THAT CAN TAKE A WHILE. 816 00:21:44,069 --> 00:21:45,270 BUT, UM, YOU CAN JOIN 817 00:21:45,270 --> 00:21:46,204 OUR COMMUNITY AND 818 00:21:46,204 --> 00:21:47,906 LEARN MORE IN THE MEANTIME. 819 00:21:47,906 --> 00:21:50,776 SO EVERYONE IS WELCOME. 820 00:21:50,776 --> 00:21:51,610 >> AWESOME. 821 00:21:51,610 --> 00:21:53,078 THANK YOU BOTH SO MUCH. 822 00:21:53,078 --> 00:21:55,681 >> THANK YOU. 823 00:21:55,681 --> 00:21:56,415 >> IF YOU'RE INTERESTED 824 00:21:56,415 --> 00:21:57,249 IN ASTRONOMY 825 00:21:57,249 --> 00:21:58,650 AND LOOKING TO THE SKY, 826 00:21:58,650 --> 00:21:59,685 THIS NEXT PROJECT 827 00:21:59,685 --> 00:22:00,886 MIGHT BE FOR YOU. 828 00:22:00,886 --> 00:22:02,888 THE INTERNATIONAL ASTRONOMICAL 829 00:22:02,888 --> 00:22:04,256 SEARCH COLLABORATION, 830 00:22:04,256 --> 00:22:05,724 ALSO KNOWN AS "ISAAC", 831 00:22:05,724 --> 00:22:06,825 IS A PROGRAM THAT ALLOWS 832 00:22:06,825 --> 00:22:08,126 CITIZEN SCIENTISTS 833 00:22:08,126 --> 00:22:09,261 ALL AROUND THE WORLD 834 00:22:09,261 --> 00:22:10,362 TO ANALYZE NASA'S 835 00:22:10,362 --> 00:22:11,897 HIGH QUALITY DATA 836 00:22:11,897 --> 00:22:13,432 OF NEAR-EARTH OBJECTS-- 837 00:22:13,432 --> 00:22:14,433 THINGS LIKE ASTEROIDS 838 00:22:14,433 --> 00:22:15,600 AND COMETS. 839 00:22:15,600 --> 00:22:16,501 WITH THIS DATA, 840 00:22:16,501 --> 00:22:17,502 VOLUNTEERS ARE ABLE TO 841 00:22:17,502 --> 00:22:18,603 MAKE DISCOVERIES OF 842 00:22:18,603 --> 00:22:19,604 NEW ASTEROIDS 843 00:22:19,604 --> 00:22:20,739 IN OUR SOLAR SYSTEM 844 00:22:20,739 --> 00:22:21,907 AND NEAR EARTH. 845 00:22:21,907 --> 00:22:23,341 I'M JOINED BY IASC FOUNDER 846 00:22:23,341 --> 00:22:24,876 DR. PATRICK MILLER 847 00:22:24,876 --> 00:22:26,178 AND CITIZEN SCIENTIST 848 00:22:26,178 --> 00:22:28,280 LUDVIG ADOLFO FERNANDEZ. 849 00:22:28,280 --> 00:22:30,716 THANK YOU BOTH FOR JOINING US. 850 00:22:30,716 --> 00:22:32,584 >> YEAH, THANK YOU. 851 00:22:32,584 --> 00:22:33,685 >> SO PATRICK, THIS SOUNDS LIKE 852 00:22:33,685 --> 00:22:35,053 AN EXCITING PROJECT. 853 00:22:35,053 --> 00:22:38,990 COULD YOU TELL US MORE ABOUT IT? 854 00:22:38,990 --> 00:22:40,125 >> YES, UH, WE, UH, 855 00:22:40,125 --> 00:22:41,827 STARTED THIS PROJECT IN, UH, 856 00:22:41,827 --> 00:22:43,995 IN 2006. 857 00:22:43,995 --> 00:22:45,230 I THINK WE HAD, LIKE, 858 00:22:45,230 --> 00:22:47,466 FIVE TEAMS PARTICIPATING. 859 00:22:47,466 --> 00:22:49,468 NOW WE'VE GOT OVER 3,000 TEAMS 860 00:22:49,468 --> 00:22:50,335 FROM 80 COUNTRIES 861 00:22:50,335 --> 00:22:50,969 AROUND THE WORLD 862 00:22:50,969 --> 00:22:52,370 ARE PARTICIPATING. 863 00:22:52,370 --> 00:22:54,072 UH, WE PROVIDE, UH, IMAGES 864 00:22:54,072 --> 00:22:55,841 FROM LARGE TELESCOPES, UH, 865 00:22:55,841 --> 00:22:57,909 AT THE UNIVERSITY OF HAWAII, UH, 866 00:22:57,909 --> 00:22:59,845 THE PAN-STARRS SKY SURVEY, 867 00:22:59,845 --> 00:23:00,846 AND ALSO 868 00:23:00,846 --> 00:23:01,913 THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA, 869 00:23:01,913 --> 00:23:03,648 THE CATALINA SKY SURVEY. 870 00:23:03,648 --> 00:23:05,383 UH, WE TAKE THESE IMAGES, 871 00:23:05,383 --> 00:23:06,852 WE, UH PROCESS THEM, 872 00:23:06,852 --> 00:23:08,386 AND THEN SEND THEM OUT TO 873 00:23:08,386 --> 00:23:09,721 TEAMS OF CITIZEN SCIENTISTS 874 00:23:09,721 --> 00:23:10,689 AROUND THE WORLD. 875 00:23:10,689 --> 00:23:11,556 AND THEIR JOB IS TO 876 00:23:11,556 --> 00:23:12,657 LOOK THROUGH THESE, UH, 877 00:23:12,657 --> 00:23:14,693 THESE IMAGES AND FIND, UH, 878 00:23:14,693 --> 00:23:16,228 DISCOVERIES OF, UH, 879 00:23:16,228 --> 00:23:18,430 OF ASTEROIDS AND OCCASIONALLY 880 00:23:18,430 --> 00:23:21,333 NEAR-EARTH OBJECTS. 881 00:23:21,333 --> 00:23:22,334 >> WOW, THIS IS REALLY 882 00:23:22,334 --> 00:23:23,635 IMPORTANT WORK. 883 00:23:23,635 --> 00:23:24,870 UM, SO LUDVIG, 884 00:23:24,870 --> 00:23:25,771 YOU'VE BEEN INVOLVED 885 00:23:25,771 --> 00:23:26,605 WITH THIS PROJECT. 886 00:23:26,605 --> 00:23:28,273 CAN YOU TELL US, UH, 887 00:23:28,273 --> 00:23:29,708 HOW-HOW YOU PARTICIPATE 888 00:23:29,708 --> 00:23:30,709 AND WHAT SORT OF SKILLS 889 00:23:30,709 --> 00:23:31,543 SOMEONE WOULD NEED 890 00:23:31,543 --> 00:23:34,713 TO GET INVOLVED? 891 00:23:34,713 --> 00:23:37,149 >> WELL, I MANAGED A CAMPAIGN 892 00:23:37,149 --> 00:23:37,783 FOR BOLIVIA. 893 00:23:37,783 --> 00:23:38,784 IT'S NAMED ALL BOLIVIAN 894 00:23:38,784 --> 00:23:40,285 ASTEROID SEARCH CAMPAIGN. 895 00:23:40,285 --> 00:23:41,686 THIS CAMPAIGN IS PRETTY NEW. 896 00:23:41,686 --> 00:23:42,587 WE'RE WORKING WITH 897 00:23:42,587 --> 00:23:44,656 IASC SINCE 2018. 898 00:23:44,656 --> 00:23:45,423 UH, TO THIS DAY, 899 00:23:45,423 --> 00:23:46,758 MORE THAN 1,000 STUDENTS 900 00:23:46,758 --> 00:23:48,460 PARTICIPATED IN THE CAMPAIGN. 901 00:23:48,460 --> 00:23:49,494 THERE ISN'T, LIKE, 902 00:23:49,494 --> 00:23:50,962 A LIST OF SKILLS 903 00:23:50,962 --> 00:23:51,730 TO PARTICIPATE, 904 00:23:51,730 --> 00:23:53,431 BUT THE STUDENT NEEDS TO MEET 905 00:23:53,431 --> 00:23:54,533 SOME REQUIREMENTS 906 00:23:54,533 --> 00:23:55,967 SUCH AS HAVING A COMPUTER 907 00:23:55,967 --> 00:23:57,636 AND HAVING INTERNET CONNECTION. 908 00:23:57,636 --> 00:23:58,470 SOMETIMES THE SCHOOL 909 00:23:58,470 --> 00:23:59,704 IS IN CHARGE OF THAT. 910 00:23:59,704 --> 00:24:01,373 UH, WELL, BUT THE MOST IMPORTANT 911 00:24:01,373 --> 00:24:03,575 IS TO HAVE THE DESIRE 912 00:24:03,575 --> 00:24:04,910 TO LEARN AND TO MAKE-- 913 00:24:04,910 --> 00:24:05,744 TO CONTRIBUTE 914 00:24:05,744 --> 00:24:08,346 TO OBSERVATION OF ASTEROIDS. 915 00:24:08,346 --> 00:24:09,147 >> WOW, OKAY. 916 00:24:09,147 --> 00:24:10,215 SO WHAT KIND OF, UM, 917 00:24:10,215 --> 00:24:11,449 OBSERVATIONS AND DISCOVERIES 918 00:24:11,449 --> 00:24:12,250 HAVE YOU BEEN ABLE 919 00:24:12,250 --> 00:24:15,086 TO MAKE HERE? 920 00:24:15,086 --> 00:24:16,254 >> WELL, THE BOLIVIAN CAMPAIGN, 921 00:24:16,254 --> 00:24:18,056 WE HAVE MADE MORE THAN 400, 922 00:24:18,056 --> 00:24:20,692 UH, PRELIMINARY ASTEROIDS, 923 00:24:20,692 --> 00:24:22,527 AND 7 PROBATIONAL ASTEROIDS. 924 00:24:22,527 --> 00:24:23,929 SO, UH, THE BOLIVIAN CAMPAIGN, 925 00:24:23,929 --> 00:24:25,197 WE ALSO PARTICIPATED IN 926 00:24:25,197 --> 00:24:26,064 SPECIAL CAMPAIGNS 927 00:24:26,064 --> 00:24:27,299 THAT ARE COMPETITIVE 928 00:24:27,299 --> 00:24:28,800 AMONG THE BEST TEN TEAMS 929 00:24:28,800 --> 00:24:30,202 OF THE WORLD. 930 00:24:30,202 --> 00:24:31,469 >> AMAZING. 931 00:24:31,469 --> 00:24:33,271 SO, UH, DR. MILLER, 932 00:24:33,271 --> 00:24:34,739 HOW DOES THE WORK 933 00:24:34,739 --> 00:24:35,807 OF CITIZEN SCIENTISTS 934 00:24:35,807 --> 00:24:39,578 HELP WITH YOUR RESEARCH? 935 00:24:39,578 --> 00:24:41,313 >> THE-THE CITIZEN SCIENTISTS 936 00:24:41,313 --> 00:24:43,148 ARE-ARE FINDING, UH, OBJECTS 937 00:24:43,148 --> 00:24:44,850 THAT ARE ACTUALLY NOT REPORTED 938 00:24:44,850 --> 00:24:46,885 BY THE LARGE SKY SURVEYS. 939 00:24:46,885 --> 00:24:47,485 UH, THEY'RE-- 940 00:24:47,485 --> 00:24:48,286 CITIZEN SCIENTISTS 941 00:24:48,286 --> 00:24:49,688 ARE ABLE TO LOOK AT THESE IMAGES 942 00:24:49,688 --> 00:24:51,756 AND SEE DEEPER INTO THE IMAGES 943 00:24:51,756 --> 00:24:52,591 THAN THE AUTOMATED 944 00:24:52,591 --> 00:24:54,025 DETECTION UTILITIES 945 00:24:54,025 --> 00:24:54,960 CONDUCTED EITHER 946 00:24:54,960 --> 00:24:57,562 BY PAN-STARRS OR CATALINA. 947 00:24:57,562 --> 00:24:58,663 SO THOSE ARE 948 00:24:58,663 --> 00:24:59,731 IMPORTANT OBSERVATIONS 949 00:24:59,731 --> 00:25:01,032 BECAUSE THEY'RE FINDING THINGS 950 00:25:01,032 --> 00:25:02,701 THAT ARE-THAT ARE MISSED 951 00:25:02,701 --> 00:25:03,768 IN THE ORIGINAL-IN 952 00:25:03,768 --> 00:25:06,271 THE ORIGINAL DATA. 953 00:25:06,271 --> 00:25:06,872 >> WOW, THAT IS 954 00:25:06,872 --> 00:25:07,739 QUITE INCREDIBLE. 955 00:25:07,739 --> 00:25:08,807 WHAT AN IMPORTANT PROJECT, 956 00:25:08,807 --> 00:25:09,741 AND IT'S VERY COOL 957 00:25:09,741 --> 00:25:10,976 THAT CITIZEN SCIENTISTS 958 00:25:10,976 --> 00:25:12,277 CAN HELP WITH THIS. 959 00:25:12,277 --> 00:25:14,813 UM, SO WHAT ADVICE 960 00:25:14,813 --> 00:25:15,814 DO BOTH OF YOU HAVE 961 00:25:15,814 --> 00:25:16,615 FOR OTHER PEOPLE 962 00:25:16,615 --> 00:25:20,452 THAT WANNA GET INVOLVED HERE? 963 00:25:20,452 --> 00:25:21,486 >> WELL, FROM IASC'S 964 00:25:21,486 --> 00:25:22,120 POINT OF VIEW, 965 00:25:22,120 --> 00:25:23,188 IF YOU'D LIKE TO PARTICIPATE, 966 00:25:23,188 --> 00:25:24,189 UH, YOU'RE WELCOME TO 967 00:25:24,189 --> 00:25:26,191 COME TO OUR WEBSITE, 968 00:25:26,191 --> 00:25:27,826 AND WE HAVE A REGISTRATION FORM, 969 00:25:27,826 --> 00:25:29,060 AND, UH, THE STAFF AND I 970 00:25:29,060 --> 00:25:30,695 WILL BE HAPPY TO WORK WITH YOU. 971 00:25:30,695 --> 00:25:32,230 UH, IT TAKES A DAY OR TWO 972 00:25:32,230 --> 00:25:32,898 ONCE YOU, UH, 973 00:25:32,898 --> 00:25:34,332 SEND IN YOUR INTERESTS. 974 00:25:34,332 --> 00:25:35,100 UH, AND THEN 975 00:25:35,100 --> 00:25:35,867 WE'LL GET YOU SET UP 976 00:25:35,867 --> 00:25:37,002 AND PARTICIPATING 977 00:25:37,002 --> 00:25:39,571 BEFORE YOU KNOW IT. 978 00:25:39,571 --> 00:25:41,840 AND IT'S FREE. 979 00:25:41,840 --> 00:25:43,208 >> YEAH, FOR ME 980 00:25:43,208 --> 00:25:43,708 IT'S THAT 981 00:25:43,708 --> 00:25:44,609 DON'T BE AFRAID TO APPLY. 982 00:25:44,609 --> 00:25:45,543 IT'S A GREAT OPPORTUNITY 983 00:25:45,543 --> 00:25:47,045 TO MAKE IMPORTANT DISCOVERIES 984 00:25:47,045 --> 00:25:47,946 IN ASTEROIDS. 985 00:25:47,946 --> 00:25:50,015 SO THERE IS A GREAT EXPERIENCE, 986 00:25:50,015 --> 00:25:50,615 IT'S FREE, 987 00:25:50,615 --> 00:25:53,285 AND IT'S OPEN FOR EVERYONE. 988 00:25:53,285 --> 00:25:54,920 >> AMAZING, GREAT ADVICE. 989 00:25:54,920 --> 00:25:56,054 THANK YOU BOTH SO MUCH 990 00:25:56,054 --> 00:25:57,022 FOR THE WORK THAT YOU'RE DOING, 991 00:25:57,022 --> 00:25:57,722 AND FOR BEING WITH US 992 00:25:57,722 --> 00:25:59,391 HERE TODAY. 993 00:25:59,391 --> 00:26:01,092 SO TODAY, WE HAVE EXPLORED 994 00:26:01,092 --> 00:26:02,794 OUR OCEANS, OUR SKIES, 995 00:26:02,794 --> 00:26:04,095 AND PLANETS THAT ARE FAR, 996 00:26:04,095 --> 00:26:05,130 FAR AWAY. 997 00:26:05,130 --> 00:26:06,965 AND WE'VE LEARNED THAT YOU, TOO 998 00:26:06,965 --> 00:26:08,033 CAN BE A SCIENTIST 999 00:26:08,033 --> 00:26:10,001 FROM YOUR VERY OWN HOME. 1000 00:26:10,001 --> 00:26:10,936 LET'S SEE HOW THE KIDS 1001 00:26:10,936 --> 00:26:12,203 IN THIS NEXT VIDEO 1002 00:26:12,203 --> 00:26:13,104 HAVE BEEN CONTRIBUTING 1003 00:26:13,104 --> 00:26:14,239 TO NASA RESEARCH 1004 00:26:14,239 --> 00:26:16,541 FROM THE PLACE WHERE THEY LIVE. 1005 00:26:18,843 --> 00:26:19,778 NASA HAS SCIENTISTS 1006 00:26:19,778 --> 00:26:21,046 POSTED ALL OVER THE WORLD 1007 00:26:21,046 --> 00:26:23,148 STUDYING EARTH'S FROZEN REGIONS. 1008 00:26:23,148 --> 00:26:24,316 WE'VE GOT PEOPLE EXPLORING 1009 00:26:24,316 --> 00:26:26,184 ICE SHEETS, GLACIERS, 1010 00:26:26,184 --> 00:26:28,286 PERMAFROST, SEA ICE, SNOW, 1011 00:26:28,286 --> 00:26:30,388 AND EVEN ICE ON OTHER PLANETS. 1012 00:26:30,388 --> 00:26:31,623 BUT EVEN OUR TOP SCIENTISTS 1013 00:26:31,623 --> 00:26:33,692 NEED A LITTLE BACKUP SOMETIMES. 1014 00:26:33,692 --> 00:26:36,895 >> I'M A SCIENTIST! 1015 00:26:36,895 --> 00:26:37,696 >> DO YOU LIKE GOING OUTSIDE 1016 00:26:37,696 --> 00:26:38,697 TO DO SCIENCE? 1017 00:26:38,697 --> 00:26:39,531 >> YEAH. 1018 00:26:39,531 --> 00:26:40,899 >> WHY? 1019 00:26:40,899 --> 00:26:42,200 >> 'CAUSE IT'S FUN. 1020 00:26:42,200 --> 00:26:42,867 >> YEAH? 1021 00:26:42,867 --> 00:26:44,436 WHAT'S YOUR FAVORITE PART? 1022 00:26:44,436 --> 00:26:45,270 >> FROST TUBE. 1023 00:26:45,270 --> 00:26:46,438 >> FROST TUBE! 1024 00:26:46,438 --> 00:26:49,207 COOL. 1025 00:26:49,207 --> 00:26:49,774 WE'RE FOLLOWING 1026 00:26:49,774 --> 00:26:50,842 THE MICRO EXPLORERS 1027 00:26:50,842 --> 00:26:51,776 THAT ARE HELPING NASA 1028 00:26:51,776 --> 00:26:52,510 COLLECT DATA 1029 00:26:52,510 --> 00:26:55,480 FROM THEIR OWN BACKYARD. 1030 00:26:55,480 --> 00:26:56,114 >> DO YOU THINK IT'S 1031 00:26:56,114 --> 00:26:57,582 GONNA BE FROZEN? 1032 00:26:57,582 --> 00:26:58,116 >> YEAH. 1033 00:26:58,116 --> 00:26:59,050 >> YES! 1034 00:26:59,050 --> 00:26:59,718 >> YES? 1035 00:26:59,718 --> 00:27:00,552 WHY? 1036 00:27:00,552 --> 00:27:04,990 >> BECAUSE IT'S VERY FROZEN! 1037 00:27:04,990 --> 00:27:06,324 >> HERE'S THE IDEA: 1038 00:27:06,324 --> 00:27:08,026 STUDENTS CONSTRUCT A FROST TUBE 1039 00:27:08,026 --> 00:27:09,327 THAT GETS PUT INTO A HOLE 1040 00:27:09,327 --> 00:27:10,228 IN UNDISTURBED 1041 00:27:10,228 --> 00:27:12,430 AND UNCOMPACTED SOIL. 1042 00:27:12,430 --> 00:27:13,765 DURING THE COLD MONTHS, 1043 00:27:13,765 --> 00:27:14,933 STUDENTS WILL MEASURE THE DEPTH 1044 00:27:14,933 --> 00:27:15,767 AT WHICH WATER 1045 00:27:15,767 --> 00:27:17,502 IN THE FROST TUBE FREEZES, 1046 00:27:17,502 --> 00:27:18,203 INDICATING THAT 1047 00:27:18,203 --> 00:27:20,805 THE SURROUNDING SOIL HAS FROZEN. 1048 00:27:20,805 --> 00:27:21,639 THIS IS ONE OF MANY 1049 00:27:21,639 --> 00:27:22,874 CITIZEN SCIENCE PROJECTS 1050 00:27:22,874 --> 00:27:24,676 FACILITATED BY GLOBE, 1051 00:27:24,676 --> 00:27:25,543 THE GLOBAL LEARNING 1052 00:27:25,543 --> 00:27:27,212 AND OBSERVATIONS TO BENEFIT 1053 00:27:27,212 --> 00:27:28,780 THE ENVIRONMENT PROGRAM. 1054 00:27:28,780 --> 00:27:29,514 >> WHAT'S GOIN' ON? 1055 00:27:29,514 --> 00:27:30,181 WHAT'D YOU FIND OUT? 1056 00:27:30,181 --> 00:27:31,850 >> IT'S TURNING INTO ICE! 1057 00:27:31,850 --> 00:27:34,519 >> HOW FAR DOWN IS THE ICE? 1058 00:27:34,519 --> 00:27:36,254 >> OH, LOOK AT THAT. 1059 00:27:36,254 --> 00:27:37,655 >> IT'S A LONG WAY! 1060 00:27:37,655 --> 00:27:39,024 >> SO IS THERE STILL LIQUID 1061 00:27:39,024 --> 00:27:41,426 IN THERE? 1062 00:27:41,426 --> 00:27:42,761 >> IT'S A WORLDWIDE PROGRAM 1063 00:27:42,761 --> 00:27:44,529 THAT SO FAR HAS COLLECTED 1064 00:27:44,529 --> 00:27:47,132 OVER 130 MILLION MEASUREMENTS 1065 00:27:47,132 --> 00:27:47,766 FROM MORE THAN 1066 00:27:47,766 --> 00:27:49,067 10 MILLION STUDENTS 1067 00:27:49,067 --> 00:27:52,003 IN 113 COUNTRIES. 1068 00:27:52,003 --> 00:27:53,204 >> ARE YOU A SCIENTIST? 1069 00:27:53,204 --> 00:27:54,339 >> YES. 1070 00:27:54,339 --> 00:27:55,040 >> THESE MEASUREMENTS 1071 00:27:55,040 --> 00:27:55,640 ARE ADDED TO 1072 00:27:55,640 --> 00:27:57,509 A MASSIVE WORLDWIDE DATABASE 1073 00:27:57,509 --> 00:27:58,209 THAT'S FREE 1074 00:27:58,209 --> 00:28:00,645 AND OPEN TO THE PUBLIC. 1075 00:28:00,645 --> 00:28:02,614 >> GLOBE CONNECTS MY STUDENTS 1076 00:28:02,614 --> 00:28:03,782 WITH THE REST OF THE WORLD 1077 00:28:03,782 --> 00:28:05,383 THROUGH SCIENCE 1078 00:28:05,383 --> 00:28:06,985 AND LOOKING AT CLIMATE CHANGE 1079 00:28:06,985 --> 00:28:07,919 AND HOW IT'S AFFECTING 1080 00:28:07,919 --> 00:28:09,454 THE FUTURE. 1081 00:28:09,454 --> 00:28:10,588 >> GLOBE TEACHERS LIKE TERRI 1082 00:28:10,588 --> 00:28:11,423 ARE TRANSFORMING 1083 00:28:11,423 --> 00:28:13,224 THE WAY KIDS SEE SCIENCE, 1084 00:28:13,224 --> 00:28:14,325 AND HOW THEY'LL RESPOND TO 1085 00:28:14,325 --> 00:28:14,959 CHANGES IN 1086 00:28:14,959 --> 00:28:17,495 THEIR FUTURE ENVIRONMENT. 1087 00:28:17,495 --> 00:28:19,731 >> LEMME SEE YOUR HAPPY FACE. 1088 00:28:19,731 --> 00:28:21,499 AAH! 1089 00:28:21,499 --> 00:28:22,167 >> THANK YOU ALL 1090 00:28:22,167 --> 00:28:23,168 FOR JOINING US TODAY 1091 00:28:23,168 --> 00:28:25,537 TO LEARN ABOUT CITIZEN SCIENCE. 1092 00:28:25,537 --> 00:28:26,404 IF YOU WANT TO BECOME 1093 00:28:26,404 --> 00:28:28,273 A CITIZEN SCIENTIST YOURSELF, 1094 00:28:28,273 --> 00:28:30,575 VISIT SCIENCE.NASA.GOV 1095 00:28:30,575 --> 00:28:31,976 /CITIZENSCIENCE 1096 00:28:31,976 --> 00:28:33,445 AND EXPLORE ALL THE PROJECTS 1097 00:28:33,445 --> 00:28:34,512 THAT NEED YOU. 1098 00:28:34,512 --> 00:28:35,780 THERE'S SCIENCE THAT CAN BE DONE 1099 00:28:35,780 --> 00:28:37,482 BY ANYONE, ANYWHERE, 1100 00:28:37,482 --> 00:28:38,817 ALL ACROSS THE GLOBE 1101 00:28:38,817 --> 00:28:39,918 WITH JUST A CELL PHONE 1102 00:28:39,918 --> 00:28:41,252 OR A LAPTOP. 1103 00:28:41,252 --> 00:28:42,353 YOU CAN ALSO FOLLOW 1104 00:28:42,353 --> 00:28:44,389 @DoNASAScience ON TWITTER 1105 00:28:44,389 --> 00:28:46,257 AND FACEBOOK TO STAY INFORMED 1106 00:28:46,257 --> 00:28:47,525 OF THE LATEST UPDATES 1107 00:28:47,525 --> 00:28:48,993 AND DISCOVERIES. 1108 00:28:48,993 --> 00:28:50,261 THANK YOU SO MUCH FOR WATCHING 1109 00:28:50,261 --> 00:28:51,596 NASA SCIENCE LIVE. 1110 00:28:51,596 --> 00:28:53,098 UNTIL NEXT TIME. 1111 00:28:54,232 --> 00:29:04,209 [ MUSIC ]