>> HELLO AND WELCOME ANOTHER
EPISODE OF NASA SCIENCE LIVE.
AM YOUR HOST JACOB RICHMOND.
THIS PAST MONDAY,
SEPTEMBER27th, THE LANDSAT
9 SATELLITE LAUNCHED FROM
VANDENBERG SPACE FORCE BASE IN
CALIFORNIA.
IT WAS THE LATEST IN A LADIES
AND GENTLEMEN RAILROAD RY LEGACY
OF SATELLITES, THAT HAD BEEN
MONITORING AND TRACKING CHANGE
IS A CROSS EARTH'S LANDSCAPES
FOR NEARLY 50 YEARS.
THE MISSION IS A JOINT EFFORT
BETWEEN NASA AND THE U.S.
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, AND IT HAS
PROVIDED THE LONGEST-RUNNING
SATELLITE DATA RECORD OF OUR
CHANGING PLANET.
LANDSAT SATELLITES ALLOW US TO
MEASURE HOW THE EARTH IS
CHANGING OVER TIME, WITH LANDSAT
9 JOINING LANDSAT 8 IN SPACE,
THEY WILL EACH BE CIRCLING THE
GLOBE OVER 99 MINUTES, AND,
TECT, WILL COLLECT IMAGES OF
NEARLY THE ENTIRE EARTH EVERY
EIGHT DAYS.
THAT CONSTANT SOURCE OF
HIGH-QUALITY DATA WILL HELP TO
ANSWER THE MANY QUESTIONS WE
HAVE ABOUT EARTH'S CHANGE
CLIMATE, URBAN SPRAWL, AND EVEN
OUR VERY OWN FOOD SUPPLY.
LANDSAT DATA IS ALSO FREE AND
OPEN TO ANYONE, WHICH MEANS
DECISION-MAKERS FROM AROUND THE
WORLD CAN USE IT TO BETTER
MONITOR LAND USE CHANGES, MANAGE
AGRICULTURAL PRAC SISS, ALLOCATE
SCARS WATER RESOURCES, RESPOND
TO ENVIRONMENTAL DISASTERS ANDP
MORE.
I AM VERY HAPPY TO TELL ALL,
THAT WE HAVE SOME ACCOMPLISHED
EARTH SCIENCE RESEARCHES JOINING
OUR SHOW TODAY, AND THEY WILL
ANSWER SOME OF MY QUESTIONS, AND
A LITTLE LATER, WILL BE TALKING
QUESTIONS FROM OUR VIEWERS AS
WELL.
SO STARTING NOW, YOU CAN SUBMIT
YOUR QUESTIONS USING HASHTAG
LANDSAT ON SOCIAL, OR JUST DROP
YOUR QUESTION IN THE COMMENT BOX
WHEREVER ARE WATCHING US.
FIRST, LET'S LEARN A LITTLE BIT
MORE ABOUT THAT LEGENDARY LEGACY
OF LANDSAT.
>> THE BLUE HAR BELL, THAT WAS
THE FIRST VIEW OF OURSELF SHOP
WE ARE THE BLUE PLANET.
WE ARE HANGING OUT HERE IN THE
MIDDLE OF NOWHERE.
IN FACT APOLLO IMAGERY WAS PART
OF THE JUSTIFICATION FOR PUTTING
TOGETHER A SATELLITE, THAT WOULD
LOOK AT THE EARTH.
>> THAT SATELLITE WAS THE FIRST
LANDSAT, THE LANDSAT MISSION NOW
HOLDS THE TITLE FOR THE LONGEST
CONTINUOUS SPACE FACE RECORD OF
EARTH'S EXISTENCE.
THAT NARESLY 50 YEARS OF
STEADFAST OBSERVATION.
THE PROGRAM WAS BORN IN THE
MIDST OF SEVERAL HISTORICAL
FLASH POINTS DURING TIME WHEN
THE WORLD WAS CHANGING QUICKLY.
BUT THE LAN SENTENCE STORY
DOESN'T ACTUALLY START WITH
NASA.
STARTERS WITH THE UNITED STATES
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY.
BUT LET'S PAUSE FOR A SECOND,
OBVIOUSLY, THERE WAS BIG PUSH TO
MAKE EARTH OBSERVING SATELLITE
BUT WHAT IT DID NEED TO DO?
LANDSAT ANSWER TIRE JOB IS TO
COLLECT LIGHT, VISIBLE LIGHT
LIKE, THEN NON-VISIBLE LIGHT
LIKE THIS.
AFTER LANDSAT CAPTURES THE LIGHT
OF SEAS, IT CAN MAKE TWO KINDS
OF PICTURES.
TRUE COLOR IMAGE AND FALSE COLOR
IMAGES.
DID YOU KNOW THE ICE CAN DETECT
RED, GREEN, AND BLUE.
IT SOUNDS CRAZY, YOU ABOUT ITS
TRUE.
IF YOU TOOK A MAGNIFYING GROSS
THE VIRN PROBABLY LOOKING AT
NOW, YOU WOULD SEE A JUMBLE OF
RED, BLUE, GREEN DOTS MIX
TOGETHER WITH DIFFERENT TINSTIES
THE BRAIN INTERPRETS ALL THE
COLORS OF THE RAINBOW.
TRUE COLOR IMAGES ARE MADE BY
COMBINING RED, BLUE, GREEN
LIGHT.
LANDSAT ALSO CAPTURES INFRARED
LIGHT BEYOND WHAT WE CAN SEE,
AND THAT LIGHT CAN REVEAL
INCREDIBLE CHING THINGS WHEN YOU
LOOK AT A FALSE COLOR IMAGE LOOK
THOUGH PLANT, HOW HEALTHY THOSE
PLANTS ARE, HEALTHY CORAL REEF,
EVEN DEAD CORAL REEFS, THE
POSSIBILITIES ARE NEARLY YOU
ENDLESS.
THE TRUE TEST CAME WHEN LANDSAT
ONE LAUNCHED ON JULY23rd,
1972.
BUT WITH THIS LAUNCH, THE UNITED
STATES AND SOON THE WORLD WOULD
SNEAP A NEW PARADIGM OF EARTH'S
OBSERVATION.
NEVER BEFORE SEEN SNAPSHOT OF
LAND RESOURCES AND THE
ENVIRONMENT WOULD BE KEY FOR
CRITICAL DECISION MAKING DECADES
INTO THE FUTURE.
>> WE ARE NOW JOINED BY RESEARCH
NASA ASSISTANT.
NUKE CAN I, THANKS SO MUCH FOR
BEING WITH US TODAY.
>> THANK YOU.
THANK YOU.
I APPRECIATE BEING HERE TODAY.
>> OF COURSE.
>> SO NIKKI, AS YOU MAY KNOW, I
RECENTLY HEARD YOUR STORY AND
YOUR BACKGROUND AND HOW YOU GOT
STARTED IN THIS RESEARCH, SO I
DEFINITELY NEED YOU TO TELL OUR
VIEWERS ABOUT THAT.
IF YOU COULD, GIVE US A LITTLE
BIT OF THAT BACKGROUND AND SPA
SPECIFICALLY HOW LANDSAT WAS
INVOLVED IN A MEMORABLE MOMENT
OF YOUR LIFE.
>> SURE.
THANK YOU.
>> SO THE STORY YOU JUST THEATER
WAS SHARED WITH YOU WAS THE
RESULT OF THE USGS HUMAN
DIMENSIONS AND LANDSAT
COLLABORATION.
IN THAT STORE ROY YOU HEARD I AM
MEMBER OF THE NAVAJO NATION
WHICH IS ONE OF OVER 500 NATIVE
AMERICAN TRAIN TO! TRIBES
LOCATED IN THE UNITED STATES.
IN THAT STORE RITE SHARES SOME
BACKGROUND OF WHO I AM.
WHERE I COME FROM.
ONE OF THE THINGS YOU WILL LEARN
IS ONE OF THE FIRST HOMES I GREW
UP IN DIDN'T HAVE RUNNING WATER,
SO WE HAD TO HAUL WATER FROM
LOCAL WATERING POINTS TO SUPPORT
OUR LIVELIHOOD.
I BELIEVE IT IS FROM THAT POINT,
THAT I BEGAN TO GET INTERESTED
IN WATER, JOINS, SO GROWING UP,
I WAS SURROUNDED IN THE AREA BY
FAMILY, WE SPOKE OF LANGUAGE
WHICH WAS THE NAVAJO BRIDGE
THAT.
WHEN I WENT TO COLLEGE IN THE
PUR SITE OF THE ACADEMIC CAREER.
THAT WAS ONE THING THAT CAME AS
SHOCK, CULTURE SHOCK LEAVING THE
LANDSCAPE THAT I KNEW, THE
PEOPLE THAT I KNEW AND
SURROUNDED BY SO LUCKILY FOR ME.
WHEN I TOOK A REMOTE CLASS, I
LEARNED ABOUT LANDSAT AND WHAT
THE DATA PRODUCED PREENED VIDES
SO THAT COMES IN THE AREA OF
EARTH OBSERVATION SATELLITE IM
MADGE VOW IN THAT WAY I USED
LANDSAT REMIND ME OF HOME TO TO
LOOK AT THE LANDSCAPE THAT I
GROUP ON AND NOT FEEL SO HOME
SICK TOON FEEL A WAY OF HAVING A
CONNECTION TO HOME AND IN MANY
WAYS WORKING WITH THE NASA
PROJECT, AND THE CURRENT ROLE I
AM IN, I FEEL THAT AGAIN HAS
BROUGHT ME AWAY BACK HOME AGAIN,
THEN IN REALITY, LANDSAT HELPS
USES TO HAVE THAT RELATION TO
HOPE AS WE LIVE ON PLANET EARTH
AND EARTH IS OUR HOME.
>> AIN'T THAT THE FLU SO YOU
MENTIONED A COUPLE OF
TESTIMONIES.
I HAVE BEEN HEARING A LOT OF THE
TERMS LATELY HERE WORKING IN
NASA EARTH SCIENCE DURING THE
SUMMER MONTHS WHEN WE HAD HEAT
WAVES AND DROUGHTS SO YOU
MENTIONED RAO AND ESAT.
I KNOW YOU KNOW A LOT ABOUT
THOSE.
OUR AUDIENCE MAY NOT.
VERY IMPORTANT TERMS.
CAN YOU PLEASE EXPLAIN WHAT
THOSE MEAN?
THEN, PLEASE, SPECIFICALLY.
HOW HAS THE NAVAJO NATION
PROJECT HELPED THAT COMMUNITY
WHERE YOU GROUP.
>> YEAH, AT THE TIME JOINED THE
TEAM, I JOINED THE TEAM TO HELP
I! IN THESE CAPACITY-BUILDING
EFFORTS TO LOOK AT THE DROUGHT
SEVERITY OF EVALUATION TOOL,
WHICH AT THE TIME WAS FUNDED BY
AS, THE WESTERN WATER
APPLICATIONS OFFICE, SO THIS
PROJECT WAS CO DEVELOPED WITH
THE DESERT RESEARCH IN STAY TUT
AND THE NAVAJO NATION DEPARTMENT
OF WATER RESOURCES SO USES
REMOTE SENSING THAT IS MODELED
WITHIN THAT THAT COMBINED INTO
THIS WEB INTERFACE THAT YOU SEE
HERE ON THE SCREEN THAT WAS
REALLY DESIGNED TO BE USER
FRIENDLY TO MEET THE UNIQUE
CHALLENGES OF WATER MANAGEMENT
ON THE NAVAJO NATION.
WHAT DOES THAT MEAN?
WELL, WHAT IT DOES, IT USE THE
SATELLITE IMAGE TROY TELL STORY
THROUGH THE LANDSCAPE, SO LAND
SATURDAY IS ONE OF THE SATELLITE
DATA BASES THAT IS USED WITH
OTHER DATA THAT IS COLLECTED AND
VERIFIED.
THE DEPARTMENT OF WATT REMEMBER
SORSES HAS CONTRIBUTED GROUND
BASED DATA TO WHERE WE LOOK AT
THE INTERACTIONS BETWEEN THE
DATA WE SEE COMING THE SATELLITE
AND THE DATA WE SEE COMING THE
GROUND, TO BETIME USE THESE
DROUGHT MONITORING EFFORTS
WORKING AT PRECIPITATION, LOOK
AT SNOW, ULTIMATELY LOOKING AT
THE IMPACT OF DROUGHT ON THE
LANDSCAPE THROUGH THE DROUGHT
CONDITIONS TO FOR THE ANALYZE
CROP MAIL SIS, SURFACE WATER,
AND ALSO, TO BE ABLE TO LOOK AT
THE SNOW PACK STATE, SO OVERALL,
LOOKING AT THE IMPACT ON THE
WATER CYCLE.
>> YOU MENTIONED CROPS.
YOU KNOW YOU PROBABLY KNOW MORE
THAN MOST.
THIS PHRASE WATER IS LIFE,
RIGHT?
OBVIOUSLY, ON THAT LISTING OF
WHAT WE NEED SR. VIVE IS FOOD.
THERE IS A VERY DIRECT
CORRELATION AND RELATIONSHIP
BETWEEN WATER SUPPLY, FOOD
SUPPLY.
WHAT CAN YOU TELL US ABOUT HOW
LANDSAT AND OTHER MASSAS
SATELLITES ARE INVOLVED IN
MONITORING THAT FOOD SUPPLY?
>> SURE.
I TOTALLY AGREE WITH YOU.
MINE LANGUAGE, IN THOUSANDS OF
OTHER WAYS, WE CAN TRANSLATE
THAT STATEMENT BECAUSE IT IS
TRUE THAT ACROSS THE GLOBE, THE
IMPORTANCE OF WATER AND FOOD
WILL REMAIN A CONSTANT ISSUE OF
GREAT IMPORTANCE THAT WE ARE ALL
FAMILIAR.
I SHARED WITH YOU SOME WAYS THAT
SATELLITE DATA IS BEING USED IN
A WAY TO LOOK AT HIM PACKS OF
THE WATER CYCLE.
WE NEED WATER TO GROW
VEGETATION.
OFTENTIMES, IT IS TO GROW FOOD.
WHEN THE WATER RESOURCES ARE
IMPACTED THAT IMPACTS THE FOOD
PRODUCTION WHICH CAN IMPACT FOOD
SECURITY.
DROUGHT IS ONE OF THOSE MAJOR
EVENTS TO CONTINUE TO MONITOR.
EARTH IS A BIG PLACE, HOWEVER,
WE NEED TOUND AREA STAN AS ONE
PLANET, WE ARE ALL ON CONNECTED
HOW DOES IT HELP US TRACK AND
MONITOR THE FOOD AND WHAT WE
DRINK?
SO THINK OF THE LAST TIME YOU
WENT TO THE GROCERY STORE YOU
AND SEE THAT BEAUTIFUL DISPLAY
OF PRODUCE.
OFTENTIMES THE WATER IS MISSING
THERE.
SO DO WE GIVE A MOMENT TO THINK
ABOUT WHAT IT TOOK TO GET THAT
PIECE OF FRUIT OR VEGGABLE TO
OUR HAND TONES JOIT?
IF NOT, THAT IS OK.
BUT MILLIONS OF OTHERS IN
DIFFERENT WAYS HAVE THOUGHT
ABOUT THAT QUESTION IN DIFFERENT
WAYS TO USE SATELLITE DATA TO BE
ABLE TO MONITOR THAT, TO ENSURE
WE HAVE THE FOOD OR THAT BOTTLE
OF WATER AVAILABLE TO US TO
CONSUME AND SO THAT IS WHAT
SATELLITE DATA HELPS US TO DO
AND SATELLITE DATA CONTINUOUSLY
COLLECTS THESE IMAGES TO TELL
THIS STORY WE'RE INTERESTED IN
OF WHAT IS HAPPENING THE
LANDSCAPE.
WHAT PAIMING THE CROPS AND THE
PRODUCTION OF CROP RINSE.
SATELLITE DATA FOR EXAMPLE CAN
HELP US UNDERSTAND SOIL MOISTURE
WHICH IS REALLY BIG AREA OF HOW
MUCH WATER IS IN THE SOIL.
HOW THE BEST IMPACT THE CROP
PRODUCTION BE A SATELLITE DATA
HELPS US TO LOOK AT IRRIGATION,
CROP YIELD, AND CROP PRODUCTION,
PRODUCTIVITY, MANY OTHER SOIL
AND CROP CHARACTER RACE TUCKSES
THAT GO INTO GETTING THAT SEED
THAT IS PLANTED IN THE TEETHER
FOOD ON OUR TABLE.
>> THANKS.
>> MY FIRST REACTION IS TO GET
OUT OF THE WAY, BUT NOW, I HAVE
A TOTALLY DIFFERENT THOUGHT THAT
I WILL TAKE WITH ME EVERY TIME I
I AM IN THE GROCERY STORE.
THANK YOU FOR THAT.
THANK YOU FOR JOINING US, INCOME
CAN I.
WE WILL BE BACK WITH YOU,
NUCLEAR A LITTLE BIT LATER TO
ANSWER SOME OF THE VIEWER
QUESTIONS.
GAIN, GET THOSE IN RIGHT NOW IF
YOU WANT TO USING HASHTAG
LANDSAT.
I BELIEVE WE CAN SEE, THE DATA
WE RECEIVED FROM LAN SENTENCE
AND LOTS OF OTHER SATELLITES ARE
REALLY IMPORTANT TO OUR EVERY
DAY LIVES.
EVEN TO HOW WE SOURCE OUR FOOD.
WITH THAT IN MIND, HOW ABOUT WE
HEAD TO THE KITCHEN AND SEE HOW
NASA DATA IS BEING SERVED UP.
>> I AM YOUR HOST CAL LIEN, AND
THIS IS NAPTIME WITH AS? SO WE
CAN SEN A ROVER TO MARS BUT NOW
THE QUESTION IS, CAN WE MAKE A
TASTY DIP.
THIS IS MY DOG LOUIE.
WE LOVE CHEESE.
I WILL EAT A BAKED POTATO IN MY
LIFETIME, I PROMISE YOU THAT.
ITS MY FIRST TIME.
I AM REALLY NOT SURE HOW IT IS
GOING TO TASTE.
DID YOU KNOW AS? PLAYS A BIG
PART IN THE FOOD YOU EAT?
WE TRACK FOOD SECURITY.
SO COINCIDENTALLY.
WE HAVE SOME OF THE CROPS THAT
WE KEEP AN EYE ON.
♪
>> TELL AUGUSTS LITTLE BIT ABOUT
MASSA STUDIES AGRICULTURE TURE
IN THE FIRST PLACE WHEN WE ARE
KNOWN FOR SPACE EXPLORATION THAN
COOKING.
>> AS WE ALL KNOW, OUR PLANET
EARTH IS LASS PLANET AN SO NASA
HAS SATELLITES THAT ARE POINTING
OUT TO SPACE AND ALSO HAS A LOT
OF EARTH OBSERVING SATELLITES
POINTING DOWN HERE IN EARTH.
OF COURSE, THAT IS CRITICAL
BECAUSE WE LIVE HERE.
THAT IS IMPORTANT FOR US TO
TRACK AND UNDERSTAND HOW WE ARE
CHANGING THE PLANET.
HOW THE PLAN KNITS RESPONDING
AND TRACKING AGRICULTURE WHICH
WE ARE CONCERNED WITH HERE.
FOOD SECURITY AND AGRICULTURE
ARE THE BIGGEST CHALLENGES WE
FACE IN THIS CENTURY.
THE NASA SATELLITE DATA SINCE
GOING BACK TO EARLY DAYS OF
SATELLITE MONITORING.
THERE HAS BEEN A LARGE FOCUS ON
AGRICULTURE.
AGRICULTURE RECOVERSES A HUGE
PART OF THELAND SYSTEM AND HELPS
US TO GET ACCURATE, A TIMELY
UNDERSTANDING OF POTENTIAL
SHORTFALLS OR SURPLUSES OF CROPS
AND PRODUCTION AROUND THE WORLD.
SO I HAVE THIS IN FRONT OF ME
AND THE MOST UNDER RATED PART OF
A CHEESE BOARD WHICH ARE CARROTS
AND OLIVES.
>> YEAH.
NO ARE WATER INTENSIVE CROPS.
THEY ARE GROWN TO CENTRAL FALL
VALLY WHICH IS SOMEPLACE WHERE
PROPER WATER MANAGEMENT IS
CRITICAL.
I SEE GRAPES THERE.
>> SPEAK OF GRAPES.
NASA HAS ONGOING PROJECT WITH
THE U.S. DEPARTMENT OF
AGRICULTURE IN CALIFORNIA CALLED
GRAPE X WHERE WE'RE USING DATA
FROM LANDSAT SATELLITE ALONG
WITH MULTIPLE OTHER SPACE AND
GROUND-BASED OBSERVATION SOURCES
AND ADVANCED COMPUTER MODELS TO
HELP TO SCHEDULE IRRIGATION FOR
THESE VINEYARDS AND THEREFORE
PROSERVICE THE PRECIOUS RESOURCE
TO WATER THAT IS PRECIOUS IN
CALIFORNIA.
>> LE, IT SEEMS TO ME THAT
INSTRUMENTS ONBOARD THE ISV
CRUCIAL WHEN IT COMES TO
MONITORING THE CLIMATE CHANGE.
YES.
IT COMPLIMENTS THIS HE OTHER
SATELLITES LIKE LANDSAT TO
CREATE A CONTINUOUS LONG-TERM
RECORD OF THE EARTH'S SYSTEMS.
AND RIGHT NOW, NASES SA IS
WORKING ON FUTURE MISSIONS THAT
WILL BUILD ON THESE RECORDS TO
PROVIDE CLIMATE SCIENTISTS A
HOLISTIC VIEW OF THE EARTH AND
PROVIDES UNIQUE IN SIGHT INTO
HOW VEGETATION AROUND THE WORLD
ARE REACTING TO ENVIRONMENTLE
AND CLIMATE.
>> KEEPING A ANYON THE FOOD
SOURCES IS ONE OF THE MANY
APPLICATION OF LANDSAT DATA.
THERE IS ANOTHER BIG ONE, THAT
WE ALL HEARD ABOUT, PEG, LISTEN
THE SUMMERTIME MONTHS AS WELL.
THAT IS HELPING SCIENTISTS
MONITOR WILDFIRES AND THEIR
EFFECTS ACROSS OUR PLANET.
TO TAKE THAT TOPIC, I WILL
NOWELL COME IN A SENIOR
SCIENTISTS AT AS? SEA GODDARD
SPACEFLIGHT CENTER.
LIZ?
THANK YOU SO MUCH THANKS FOR
BEING ON THE SHOW.
>> THANKS FOR HAVING ME.
>> OUR PLEASURE.
FIRST, JUST LIKE I DID WITH
INCOME CAN I.
I AND TOLD YOU HAVE A MEMORABLE
MOMENT FROM EARLY IN YOUR
CAREER, THAT INVOLVES FIRES AND
LANDSAT.
COULD YOU SHARE THAT WITH US?
>> YEAH.
NIKKI'S STORY WAS INCREDIBLE TO
HEAR AND I APPRECIATE SHE SHARED
IT WITH US.
I STARTED USING LANDSAT IMAGERY
TO LOOK AT FOREST FIRES IN
COLLEGE.
THEN AS GRADUATE STUDENT, I GOT
TO GO TO ALASKA, THERE ARE
NORTHERN FORESTS THERE THAT CAN
BURN DURING WILDFIRES, AND I
WOULD DIG IN THE SOIL, AND TRY
TO UNDERSTAND HOW MUCH CARBON IS
RELEASED FROM THE FIRES.
THEN, AS PHD STUDENT, I ACTUALLY
HAD THE OPPORTUNITY TO TAKE MY
INFANT SON WITH ME TO ALASKA.
MY HUSBAND CAME.
HE TOOK HIS MATERNITY LEAVE.
THE THIEF US TRAVELED AROUND IN
CAMPS THEN I TOOK MASHMENTS OF
THE SOIL LAYERS THAT PURN BURNED
THEN COMPARE WITH IT LANDSAT
IMAGERY SO IT WAS INCREDIBLE
EXPERIENCE FOR US BUT DAUNTING
FOR US AS PARENTS.
>> I KNOW I WAS GOING TO SAY
WHEN I FIRST HAD OUR INFANT, I
ALSO WANTED TO GO TO ALASKA AND
DOCUMENT WILDFIRES, BUT
ACTUALLY, THAT IS NOT TRUE.
THANK YOU FOR YOUR WORK THERE.
ONE THING I LEARNED FROM WORKING
HERE IN EARTH SCIENCE IN AS,
THAT FIRES ARE NOT ACUTE THING
THAT POP UP EVERY ONCE AWHILE IN
CERTAIN AREAS.
THEY ARE CONSTANTLY HAPPENING
AROUND THE WORLD.
A LOT OF THEM.
COULD YOU TAKE A SECOND TO
DESCRIBE THE GLOBAL PHENOMENON
OF FIRES IN A WAY THAT HELPS
PEOPLE LIKE ME UNDERSTAND THE
SCOPE AND SCALE OF THEM?
>> YEAH.
>> SURE.
WILDFIRE IS NATURAL OCCURRENCE
ACROSS THE LANDSCAPE.
WE HAVE, I THINK, WORLDWIDE, WE
HAVE THE AREA OF THE SIZE OF
EUROPEAN UNION BURNS EVERY YEAR.
SO IT IS INCREDIBLE AMOUNT OF
FIRE.
FIRE CLEARS RUNNER BRUSH.
FIRE HELPS NEW SEEDS TO GROW.
FIRE ALSO JUST HELPS TO KEEP
FORESTS IN THEIR NATURAL CYCLES
OF GROWTH.
WHEN WE USE THIS LANDSAT FOR, WE
CAN SEE WHERE FIRES ARE BURNING,
HOW THEIR FREQUENCY IS.
HOW SEVERE THEY ARE.
HOW INTENSE THESE FIRES ARE AND
CAN HELP US TO HAVE A BIG
PICTURE OF THIS FIRE AND WHERE
IT IS IN THE LANDSCAPE.
>> I MEAN, WE KNOW LOTS OF
SATELLITE ARE INVOLVED IN FIRE
RESEARCHING SOME FORM OF
FASHION.
CAN YOU DESCRIBE HOW LANDSAT
WORKS IN HARMONY WITH THOSE
OTHER SATELLITES UP THERE AS
WELL TO UNDERSTAND FIRES?
>> ISSUE.
YEAH.
SO LANDSAT 9 IS NOW UP THERE.
THAT IS GOING TO GIVE US A LOT
OF LANDSAT 8 A VIEW EVERY EIGHT
DAYS WHERE FIRES ARE ON THE
LANDSCAPE.
AND WHEN WE TAKE INTO ACCOUNT
OTHER SATELLITE IMAGERY AS WELL
FROM COMPARABLE SATELLITE WE ARE
HAVING A FEW EVERY TWO OR THREE
DAYS, SO WITH THE 50-YEAR RECORD
THAT WE HAVE, WE ARE GETTING
INCREDIBLE AMOUNT OF DATA IN.
I WOULD LOOIC TO THINK ABOUT A
FAMILY PHOTO 58 BUM.
IF YOU HAVE A PICTURE OF SOMEONE
AS BABY THEN ABLE TO WATCH THEM
GROW UNTIL THEY ARE 50-YEAR-OLD
ADULT.
YOU ARE SEEING HOW THEY ARE
CHANGE OVERTIME.
WE'RE SEEING THAT WITH THE
LANDSAT IMAGERY NOW, TOO.
HAVING THAT RECORD REALLY HELPS
US TO LOOK AT ALL THE DIFFERENT
ASPECTS OF WILDFIRE AND REALLY
BELTER UNDERSTAND HOW IT IS
PAIMING THE LANDSCAPE THEN HOW
FIRE AND RESOURCE MANAGERS CAN
TAKE THAT AND USE IT TO BETTER
ALLOCATE RESOURCES WHERE THINK
THERE MAY BE SEVERE OR INTENSE
WILDFIRE.
1:00 SOME OF US THINK OF FIRE AS
THE EFFECT OF THE HOTTER, DRIER
CLIMATE.
THERE IS ANOTHER ASPECT OF THAT,
I THINK, WE SHOULD KNOW MORE
ABOUT.
THAT IS EFFECT FROM FIRES, SO
WHAT CAN LANDSAT AND OTHER NASA
DATA TEACH US ABOUT THE AFTER
FIRE CONSEQUENCES OF FIRES ON
EARTH, WHETHER THAT IS ON THE
LAND OR IN THE ATMOSPHERE.
>> SURE.
YEAH.
SO LANDSAT IMAGERY AS WELL AS
OTHER SATELLITE PRODUCTS FROM
AS? AND OTHERS THEY ARE REALLY
USEFUL INUND STANG HOW WILDFIRE
IS PAIMING THE LISTENED AND
ATMOSPHERE.
I WILL START WITH THE
ATMOSPHERE.
WHEN THE FIRE BURNS, IT IS
RELEASING A LOT OF CAR MOON THE
AT MOGS OFFICER.
THAT IS GOING INTO THE
ATMOSPHERE.
THAT CAN ACTUALLY CAUSE MORE
WHICH CAN CREATE DNS FOR MORE
FIRE DONE THE ROAD.
1:00 THAT IS ONE THING.
THEN, THE SECOND THING IS THAT
THESE CONDITIONS OF SMOKE CAN BE
HARMFUL FOR HUMAN HEALTH.
WHEN WE THINK ABOUT IT.
WE HAVE TO THINK ABOUT WHERE IS
THE SMOKE IN?
HOW ARE PEOPLE GOING TO BE
IMPACTED?
HO WE GOING TO HAVE MORE PEOPLE
IN THE EMERGENCY ROOM WELL
RESPIRATORY ISSUES IN THIS SMOKE
CAN ALSO TRAVEL THOUSANDS OF
MILES AND SO THERE ARE OTHER EX
ABLE PELLS, FOR EX A PELL.
IN CANADIAN WILDFIRES, HAVE
ACTUALLY THE SMOKE FROM THE
FIRES HAVE ACTUALLY TRAVELED ALL
THE WAY OVER TO GREENLAND AND
HAVE BEEN DEPOSITED ON THE ICE
SHEETS THERE AND RESULTED IN
MORE MELTING OF THE ICE SUITS
BECAUSE IT WARMS WITH UP MORE
THAN THE ICE WOULD NORMALLY.
THEN I ALSO WANT TO POINT OUT,
BE THERE ARE REALLY IMPORTANT
IMPACTS ON THE LAND AS WELL.
SO THIS IS WHERE, THIS IS SOME
OF THE WORK I DO COMES IN SO WE
ARE LOOKING AT HOW FOREST FIRES
ACROSS THE LANDSCAPE HOW THOSE
AREAS RECOVER AFTER A FIRE AND
WE CAN SEE WHERE THERE MAY BE
POTENTIAL FOR EROSION OR
LANDSLIDES, AND SO, WE ARE
LOOKING AT HOW THE LAND RECOVERS
FROM A FIRE.
WHAT VEGETATION IS COMING BACK.
WHERE MIGHT THERE BE A RISKS
THEN WE CAN GIVE THAT
INFORMATION TO LAND GER, FIRE
MANAGER, NATURAL RESOURCE
MANAGER, TO HELP THEM UNDERSTAND
WHERE THEY MAY NEED TO ALLOCATE
RESOURCES FOR RESTORATION.
>> THANKS SO MUCH.
THOUGH ARE ALL VERY FASCINATING
ANSWERS ABOUT SOMETHING TERRIBLE
AND FASCINATING AT THE SAM TIME.
NESS THAT FOR YOUR WORK.
PLEASE DON'T GO ANYWHERE.
IT IS NOW TIME TO TAKE SOME
QUESTIONS FROM OUR VIEWERS.
IF YOU ARE JUST TUNING IN,
REMEMBER YOU CAN HAVE YOUR
QUESTIONS ANSWERED LIVE RIGHT
HERE, JUST USE HASHTAG LANDSAT
ON SOCIAL OR THE COMMENT BOX
FROM WHEREVER ARE WATCHING.
SINCE MANY OF ARE YOU WATCHING
ON SOCIAL, I WANTED TO MENTION
ONE OTHER THING THAT THE WHOLE
LANDSAT TEAM IS ENJOYING AS WE
SPEAK WHICH IS HASHTAG LANDSAT
CRASH.
IF YOU DON'T HAVE BEEN A
QUESTION BUT WANT TO HELP US
COME-QUATE ABOUT THE MISSION.
HERE IS WHAT TO DO.
GO THO THE LANDSAT IMAGE
GALLERY.
YOU CAN SEARCH THAT YOU.
ICE CITY TO FIND ON-LINE.
THERE IS TONS OF GREAT IMAGES.
SCROLL UNTIL YOU FIND AN IMAGE
THAT INSPIRES.
YOU THEN CREATE SOMETHING
ARTISTIC OR CRAFTY BASE BASED ON
THAT IMAGE.
TAKE A PHOTO OR TWO.
SHARE WITH US ON SOCIAL MEDIA
USING THE HASHTAG.
THEN IF YOU DON'T DO ART, BUT
YOU LAKE TO LOOK AT ART, GO
CHECK OUT THE HASHTAG ANYWAY.
WE HAVE ALREADY GOTTEN A LOT OF
AMAZING CREATIVE CONTRIBUTIONS.
ALL RIGHT.
NOW LET'S BRING BACK JACKIE
MCKIANNE LIZ TO ANSWER THOSE
QUESTIONS.
AGAIN, THANK YOU BOTH FOR
STAYING WITH US.
OUR FIRST QUESTION IS FROM JANE
ON FACEBOOK.
SHE ASKS: HOW ARE YOU WORKING
WITH U.S. TO BETTER UNDERSTAND
HAZARDS?
LIZ, OVER TO YOU.
>> WE ARE GETTING A LOT OF
IMAGERY THROUGH THE CHANNELS,
BUT EVEN NASA WORK TOGETHER TO
MAKE SOME BURN SEVERITY PRODUCTS
THAT WE TUESDAY REALLY
UNDERSTAND WHAT IS HAPPENING
AFTER A FIRE BURN OR HOW SEVERE
IT BURNS THEN TRYING TO
UNDERSTAND WHAT IS GOING TO
HAPPEN IN THAT REGION AFTER FIRE
SO IT IS A COMBINATION BETWEEN
BOTH OF THOSE AGENCIES.
>> THANK YOU.
>> WHILE YOU SEE MUCH LAND
BECOMING UNUSABLE.
ARE THERE AREAS THAT ARE
IMPROVING?
ING YEAH.
SO I THINK THAT QUESTION CAN GO
BACK TO LOOKING AT THE HUMAN
IMPACTS BUT ALSO THE NATURE
IMPACT TO WHAT TO SPEAK TO WHAT
LIZ SHARED WITH US SO I REALLY
FIND IT INTERESTING THAT THERE
IS AN OPPORTUNITY THAT SATELLITE
IMAGERY PROVIDES US, FOR
EXAMPLE, WE DISCUSS WILDFIRE,
HOW WE CAN MONITOR THE IMPACTS
THAT WILDFIRE HAS ON THE
LANDSCAPE WHETHER THEY ARE
CONNECTED TO LANDS OR TO PLACES
THAT ARE MORE OPEN AREAS BUT
WITH THAT, IMAGERY, WE ARE ABLE
TO SEE REVENGE TATION THAT COMES
BRACK THE WILDFIRES AND THEN AS
WAS MENTIONED WE ARE ALSO ABLE
TO PUT INPUT INTO LOOKING AT HOW
WE MIGHT WHEN THE EROSION THAT
COMES WITH THE WILDFIRES THAT
IMPACTED THE WATERSHED OR ABLE
TO LOOK AT HOW WE MIGHT HELP THE
VEGETATION COME BACK TO SOME OF
THE NATURAL STATE THAT IT WAS AT
BEFORE AND I THINK THOSE ARE TWO
WAYS TOGETHER IN WHICH THE
NATURAL CYCLE AND THE HUMAN
IMPACT COULD COMING TO TIN
HELPING THOSE LANDSCAPES.
>> WHAT SURPRISES HAVE THESE
LANDSAT OBSERVATIONS GIVEN YOU?
>> LE WHERE, I SURPRISED WHEN WE
ABLE TO FIGURE OUT WHAT WE ARE
LOOKING AT AND UNDERSTAND IT IN
A NEW WAY.
AM SURPRISED WHEN I LEARN ABOUT
HOW SEVERELY BURNED CERTAIN
AREAS ARE.
SOMETIMES, YOU KNOW, IT IS HARD
TO REALLY SEE IT.
WHAT WE DOON WITH THIS LANDSAT
IS LOOK AT AN ENTIRE AREA,
SOMETIMES ITS REMOTE LOCATION.
WE CANNOT ALWAYS GET THERE.
BUT WHEN WE CAN USE THE IMAGERY
WE CAN LOOK AT THESE LARGER
AREAS AND ON REGIONAL SCALE, IT
IS INCREDIBLE HOW MUCH FIRE THAN
THERE CAN IN CERTAIN AREAS.
>> AXE LIE LUT.
I CAN IMAGINE.
>> AGES LATELY.
I CAN IMAGINE.
ALL RIGHT.
WE HAVE A QUESTION FROM MORDECAI
ON TWITTER.
THE QUESTION IS: HOW LONG IS
COMMISSIONING CALLIE BRIGGS AND
VALIDATION BEFORE PEOPLE CAN
START USING LANDSAT 9 DATA?
SO I WILL TAKE THAT ONE A LITTLE
BIT.
WE HAVE A QUESTION RIGHT AFTER
THAT ON FACEBOOK WHICH IS
SIMILAR QUESTION ABOUT WHEN,
WHERE WILL LANDSAT IMAGES BE
AVAILABLE?
SO THE SHORTEST ANSWER TO THAT
OR THOSE QUESTIONS THAT IS THE
DATA IS MANAGED BY U.S.
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY.
I IS A PARTNER MISSION.
THAT TYPICALLY HAPPENS AT 100
DAYS AFTER LAUNCH.
3:00 SO REALISTICALLY WHEN THAT
DATA IS HAS BECOME OPEN AND
AVAILABLE FOR THE PUBLIC AND
RESEARCHER AND EVERYONE TO USE,
THAT WILL BE PROBABLY EARLY
JANUARY AFTER THE HOLIDAYS BUT
THAT IS JUST A LITTLE BIT AFTER
THAT 100-DAY MARK AND YOU CAN
JUST HEAD OVER THIS USGS
ARCHIVES AND FIND THOSE THAT
POINT.
>> LIZ, YOU HAVE BEEN STUDY REG
MOTE SENTION FOR A LONG TIME
THEY ARE ALL A LITTLE BIT
DIFFERENT.
DO YOUR BEST TO ROW DOING HOW
LONG THE LANDSAT 9 SAT LATE WILL
LOST THAT WELL, ONE THING THAT
HAS BEEN GREAT THE LANDSAT
PROGRAM, SOME OF THE SATELLITES
HAVE ACTUALLY OUTLIVED THEIR
EXPECTED LIFE SPAN.
SO WE, AS WE SAID IN THAT VIDEO
IN THE BEGINNING, WE HAD
SATELLITE THAT HAS BEEN UP
THERE, AT LEAST, ONE OF THESE
SATELLITES FOR ALMOST 50 YEARS,
AND SO I HELPED LANDSAT 9 EXCEED
THE DESIGN LIFE IN SPACE UP
THERE FOR MANY YEARS THEN WE
KEEP GOING THIS PROGRAM BECAUSE
HAVING THIS LONG-TERM LOOK
REALLY HELPS US UNDERSTAND HOW
THE EARTH IS CLANGING.
CHANGING.
AXE WILLINGLY.
>> THAT IS ABOUT ALL THE TIME WE
HAVE.
LIZ AND NUKE CAN I.
THANK YOU AGAIN, SO MUCH, FOR
JOINING US TODAY.
HATE BANS PRIVILEGE TO TALK WITH
YOU.
>> YEAH.
SURE.
THANK FOUR THIS OPPORTUNITY.
>> THANKS SO MUCH FOR HAVING US.
>> AND THANKS TO ALL OF YOU OUR
VIEWERS FOR JOINING US ON-LINE.
LIKE WE MENTIONED BEFORE,
LANDSAT 9 LAUNCHED ON MONDAY
FROM VAN DENBRG SPACE FORCE IS
ABOUT AND NOW CONTINUING THE
NEARLY 50 YEAR LEG SY OF THIS
AMAZING LEGENDARY EARTH
OBSERVING SATELLITE PROGRAM.
YOU CAN STAY UP-TO-DATE ON HOW
AS? STUDY THIS IS THE HOME
PLANET ALL THE TIME BAY
FOLLOWING AUTISM'S EARTH ON
FACEBOOK, TWITTER AND INSTAGRAM.
IF YOU WANT TO LEARN MORE ABOUT
ALL THINGS LAN SENTENCE.
WE JUST RECENTLY RELEASED A
REALLY COOL INTERACTIVE WEBSITE,
SO CHECK THAT OUT AT NASA.
GOV/LANDSAT 9.
GAIN, I AM JACOB RICH MOBBED.
IT HAS BEEN AN HONOR TO BE YOUR
HOST FOR NASA SCIENCE LIVE.
WE HOPE TO SEE YOU AT THE NEXT
ONE.