1 00:00:13,279 --> 00:00:17,717 ♪ 2 00:00:17,717 --> 00:00:18,651 >> FROM THE FURTHEST REACHES OF 3 00:00:18,651 --> 00:00:23,857 OUR SOLAR SYSTEM TO THE STORMS 4 00:00:23,857 --> 00:00:25,892 OF JUPITER, NASA'S NEW FRONTIERS 5 00:00:25,892 --> 00:00:27,927 PROGRAM WAS CREATED TO TACKLE 6 00:00:27,927 --> 00:00:31,064 QUESTIONS ABOUT OUR SOLAR SYSTEM 7 00:00:31,064 --> 00:00:32,766 DEEMED TOP PRIORITY FROM THE 8 00:00:32,766 --> 00:00:33,466 PLANETARY COMMUNITY. 9 00:00:33,466 --> 00:00:38,638 NEW HORIZONS BEGAN IN 2006. 10 00:00:38,638 --> 00:00:41,608 NEW HORIZON'S FIRST ENCOUNTER 11 00:00:41,608 --> 00:00:45,812 WITH PLUTO AND IT'S MOONS AND 12 00:00:45,812 --> 00:00:51,985 UNCOVERED THAT IT'S DWARF PLANET 13 00:00:51,985 --> 00:00:56,823 WAS FOR COMPLICATED. 14 00:00:56,823 --> 00:01:03,797 NAMED 2014 MU 69, THE KUIPER 15 00:01:03,797 --> 00:01:05,965 BELT HOLDING KEYS TO 16 00:01:05,965 --> 00:01:09,869 UNDERSTANDINGS OF OUR SOLAR 17 00:01:09,869 --> 00:01:33,626 SYSTEM. 18 00:01:33,626 --> 00:01:37,497 THE TEAM WILL USE STATE OF THE 19 00:01:37,497 --> 00:01:39,632 ART LABS TO HELP SCIENTISTS 20 00:01:39,632 --> 00:01:41,101 UNDER THE BUILDING BLOCKS OF 21 00:01:41,101 --> 00:01:42,802 LIFE AS WELL AS IMPROVE OUR 22 00:01:42,802 --> 00:01:45,038 UNDERSTANDING OF ASTROIDS THAT 23 00:01:45,038 --> 00:01:46,139 COULD IMPACT EARTH. 24 00:01:46,139 --> 00:01:47,407 TODAY WE ANNOUNCE OUR NEXT 25 00:01:47,407 --> 00:01:49,008 MISSION TO EXPLORE OUR SOLAR 26 00:01:49,008 --> 00:01:51,744 SYSTEM. 27 00:01:51,744 --> 00:01:53,746 >> NASA IS PUSHING THE 28 00:01:53,746 --> 00:01:55,148 BOUNDARIES OF HUMAN KNOWLEDGE 29 00:01:55,148 --> 00:01:58,384 AND EXPANDING THE LIMITS OF 30 00:01:58,384 --> 00:01:58,785 TECHNOLOGY. 31 00:01:58,785 --> 00:02:00,887 TODAY I'M PROUD TO ANNOUNCE THAT 32 00:02:00,887 --> 00:02:04,891 OUR NEXT NEW FRONTIERS MISSION 33 00:02:04,891 --> 00:02:09,562 "DRAGONFLY" WILL EXPLORE 34 00:02:09,562 --> 00:02:16,336 SATURN'S LARGEST MOON TITAN. 35 00:02:16,336 --> 00:02:17,670 TITAN IS UNLIKE ANY OTHER PLACE 36 00:02:17,670 --> 00:02:19,672 IN OUR SOLAR SYSTEM, AND THE 37 00:02:19,672 --> 00:02:21,574 MOST COMPARABLE TO EARLY EARTH. 38 00:02:21,574 --> 00:02:23,309 THE INSTRUMENTS ON BOARD WILL 39 00:02:23,309 --> 00:02:28,681 HELP US INVESTIGATE ORGANIC 40 00:02:28,681 --> 00:02:30,950 CHEMISTRY, LOOK AT 41 00:02:30,950 --> 00:02:32,252 INHABITABILITY AND LOOK AT PAST 42 00:02:32,252 --> 00:02:34,521 AND PRESENT LIFE. 43 00:02:34,521 --> 00:02:36,089 THIS REVOLUTIONARY MISSION WOULD 44 00:02:36,089 --> 00:02:39,159 HAVE BEEN UNTHINKABLE JUST A FEW 45 00:02:39,159 --> 00:02:41,027 SHORT YEARS AGO. 46 00:02:41,027 --> 00:02:42,295 A GREAT NATION DOES GREAT 47 00:02:42,295 --> 00:02:42,896 THINGS. 48 00:02:42,896 --> 00:02:45,165 WE'LL LAUNCH DRAGONFLY TO 49 00:02:45,165 --> 00:02:50,236 EXPLORE THE FRONTIERS OF HUMAN 50 00:02:50,236 --> 00:02:54,507 KNOWLEDGE FOR THE BENEFIT OF ALL 51 00:02:54,507 --> 00:02:56,142 HUMANITY. 52 00:02:56,142 --> 00:02:59,045 >> HELLO, WELCOME TO NASA LIVE. 53 00:02:59,045 --> 00:03:00,880 I'M GREY HAUTALUOMA, AND I'M 54 00:03:00,880 --> 00:03:03,449 YOUR HOST TO TODAY'S EDITION. 55 00:03:03,449 --> 00:03:07,420 THE DRAGONFLY HAS BEEN SELECTED 56 00:03:07,420 --> 00:03:11,257 TO VISIT STURN'S MOON "TITAN." 57 00:03:11,257 --> 00:03:14,661 LET'S GET SOME CONTEXT ABOUT 58 00:03:14,661 --> 00:03:21,768 THAT. 59 00:03:21,768 --> 00:03:23,036 >> HELLO, I'M THE ASSOCIATE 60 00:03:23,036 --> 00:03:25,905 ADMINISTRATOR OF SCIENCE. 61 00:03:25,905 --> 00:03:29,309 >> WE'RE SO EXCITED TO IS WITH 62 00:03:29,309 --> 00:03:30,343 "V" SELECTED DRAGONFLY TO GO 63 00:03:30,343 --> 00:03:33,880 FORWARD AS THE NEW FRONTIERS 64 00:03:33,880 --> 00:03:34,214 MISSION. 65 00:03:34,214 --> 00:03:35,415 IT'S THE SCIENCE THAT MOTIVATES 66 00:03:35,415 --> 00:03:37,584 US TO DO THIS EXCITING AND 67 00:03:37,584 --> 00:03:38,084 DIFFICULT MISSION. 68 00:03:38,084 --> 00:03:40,820 A MISSION THAT HAS ELEMENTS OF 69 00:03:40,820 --> 00:03:41,921 INSTRUMENTATION, AND ALSO HAS 70 00:03:41,921 --> 00:03:45,258 THE ABILITY OF FLYING IN THAT 71 00:03:45,258 --> 00:03:46,826 ATMOSPHERE OF TITAN, A WORLD 72 00:03:46,826 --> 00:03:50,363 THAT WE HAVE, OF COURSE, LOOKED 73 00:03:50,363 --> 00:03:54,500 AT WITH CAN ICY ANY ANALYSIS 74 00:03:54,500 --> 00:03:57,971 WITH WITH THE ITALIAN SPACE 75 00:03:57,971 --> 00:03:58,304 AGENCY. 76 00:03:58,304 --> 00:03:59,639 >> WHAT EXCITES ME ABOUT THIS 77 00:03:59,639 --> 00:04:01,808 MISSION IS THAT TITAN HAS ALL 78 00:04:01,808 --> 00:04:07,113 THE KEY INGREDIENT FOR LIFE, 79 00:04:07,113 --> 00:04:08,915 LIQUID WATER AND LIQUID METHANE, 80 00:04:08,915 --> 00:04:11,217 MOLECULES AND THE ENERGY 81 00:04:11,217 --> 00:04:12,018 REQUIRED FOR LIFE. 82 00:04:12,018 --> 00:04:14,454 WE HAVE ON TITAN, AN OPPORTUNITY 83 00:04:14,454 --> 00:04:15,755 TO OBSERVE THE PROCESSES THAT 84 00:04:15,755 --> 00:04:17,590 WERE PRESENT ON EARLY EARTH WHEN 85 00:04:17,590 --> 00:04:20,126 LIFE BEGAN TO FORM, AND POSSIBLY 86 00:04:20,126 --> 00:04:22,028 EVEN CONDITIONS THAT MAY HARBOR 87 00:04:22,028 --> 00:04:22,695 LIFE TDAY. 88 00:04:22,695 --> 00:04:25,398 WE MAY BE ABLE TO LOOK FOR BIO 89 00:04:25,398 --> 00:04:26,165 SIGNATURES THERE TODAY. 90 00:04:26,165 --> 00:04:28,268 WHAT AN EXCITING MISSION. 91 00:04:28,268 --> 00:04:31,571 >> AND OF COURSE THAT MISSION IS 92 00:04:31,571 --> 00:04:34,107 LED BY DR. ELIZABETH TURTLE AT 93 00:04:34,107 --> 00:04:36,209 JOHNS HOPKINS APPLIED PHYSICS 94 00:04:36,209 --> 00:04:36,609 LABORATORY. 95 00:04:36,609 --> 00:04:39,212 ALSO BY A CORE TEAM THAT BROUGHT 96 00:04:39,212 --> 00:04:41,314 TOGETHER A VERY DIVERSE GROUP, 97 00:04:41,314 --> 00:04:43,316 CLOSE TO 40% FEMALE. 98 00:04:43,316 --> 00:04:45,485 BUT ALSO AN ENGINEERING TEAM 99 00:04:45,485 --> 00:04:47,053 THAT BROUGHT JUST NOW, JUST A 100 00:04:47,053 --> 00:04:49,689 COUPLE OF YEARS AGO BROUGHT 101 00:04:49,689 --> 00:04:54,027 TOGETHER THE PARKER SOLAR PROBE, 102 00:04:54,027 --> 00:04:56,963 A VERY HARD AND CHALLENGING 103 00:04:56,963 --> 00:04:57,463 MISSION. 104 00:04:57,463 --> 00:04:59,198 WE BRUGHT THAT TOGETHER BELOW 105 00:04:59,198 --> 00:05:00,700 COST AND ON SCHEDULE. 106 00:05:00,700 --> 00:05:01,934 WE'RE VERY EXCITED TO SEE WHAT 107 00:05:01,934 --> 00:05:03,403 WILL HAPPEN HERE. 108 00:05:03,403 --> 00:05:06,039 GO DRAGONFLY. 109 00:05:06,039 --> 00:05:08,308 >> GO DRAGONFLY. 110 00:05:08,308 --> 00:05:09,776 >> THANKS THOMAS AND LAURIE. 111 00:05:09,776 --> 00:05:11,811 THEY WANTED TO BE HERE WITH US, 112 00:05:11,811 --> 00:05:14,113 BUT THEY'RE ON ANOTHER CONTINENT 113 00:05:14,113 --> 00:05:15,581 RIGHT NOW. 114 00:05:15,581 --> 00:05:25,825 BUT WE HAVE PEOPLE WHO CAN 115 00:05:25,825 --> 00:05:32,432 ANSWER QUESTIONS FOR YOU YOU. 116 00:05:32,432 --> 00:05:40,940 SEND YOUR QUESTIONS TO @ASK 117 00:05:40,940 --> 00:05:41,240 NASA. 118 00:05:41,240 --> 00:05:45,545 >> TITAN IS THE ONLY MOON IN THE 119 00:05:45,545 --> 00:05:49,382 SOLAR SYSTEM WITH A THICK 120 00:05:49,382 --> 00:05:49,782 ATMOSPHERE. 121 00:05:49,782 --> 00:05:51,684 THERE ARE CHEMICAL REACTIONS 122 00:05:51,684 --> 00:05:54,187 GOING ON THAT CAUSE MOLECULES TO 123 00:05:54,187 --> 00:05:56,856 BE FORMED, AND THEN THEY DRIFT 124 00:05:56,856 --> 00:05:58,825 DOWN AROUND THE ATMOSPHERE LIKE 125 00:05:58,825 --> 00:06:00,960 A SURFACE, ALMOST LIKE A LIGHT 126 00:06:00,960 --> 00:06:02,662 SNOW THAT IS ALWAYS FORMING. 127 00:06:02,662 --> 00:06:08,334 IT IS THAT COMPLICATED ORGANIC 128 00:06:08,334 --> 00:06:09,469 SYNTHESIS THAT DRIVES OUR 129 00:06:09,469 --> 00:06:11,037 INTEREST TOWARDS TITAN. 130 00:06:11,037 --> 00:06:13,172 >> AS THOMAS SAID, WE'VE BEEN 131 00:06:13,172 --> 00:06:16,142 THERE BEFORE WITH A PROBE. 132 00:06:16,142 --> 00:06:18,378 >> THE PROBE WAS PROVIDED BY THE 133 00:06:18,378 --> 00:06:19,278 EUROPEAN SPACE AGENCY. 134 00:06:19,278 --> 00:06:20,813 AND IT WAS A TREMENDOUS MISSION. 135 00:06:20,813 --> 00:06:24,817 IT WAS DELIVERED BY THE CASSINI 136 00:06:24,817 --> 00:06:26,919 SPACECRAFT, AND IT WAS THE FIRST 137 00:06:26,919 --> 00:06:29,088 PROBE TO LAND ON TITAN. 138 00:06:29,088 --> 00:06:31,758 WE'RE GOING TO GO NEAR THAT 139 00:06:31,758 --> 00:06:32,492 LOCATION. 140 00:06:32,492 --> 00:06:34,394 IT TOLD US WHAT THE ATMOSPHERE 141 00:06:34,394 --> 00:06:35,928 WAS LIKE. 142 00:06:35,928 --> 00:06:36,629 WHAT PROPERTIES AND CONDITIONS 143 00:06:36,629 --> 00:06:38,731 WE CAN EXPECT AND TO A LIMITED 144 00:06:38,731 --> 00:06:40,733 EXTENT WHAT THE SURFACE WAS 145 00:06:40,733 --> 00:06:41,033 LIKE. 146 00:06:41,033 --> 00:06:44,737 WE WOULD NOT BEEN AGE TO DO THE 147 00:06:44,737 --> 00:06:47,306 DRAGONFLY MISSION WITHOUT THE 148 00:06:47,306 --> 00:06:49,976 DATA THAT PROVIDED. 149 00:06:49,976 --> 00:06:52,111 >> IT'S AMAZING THAT WE'VE BEEN 150 00:06:52,111 --> 00:06:53,880 ABLE TO DO THAT, TO FLY TO THE 151 00:06:53,880 --> 00:06:55,648 MOON AND LAND. 152 00:06:55,648 --> 00:06:58,284 WHY IS IT SUCH AN INTERESTING 153 00:06:58,284 --> 00:06:58,618 TARGET. 154 00:06:58,618 --> 00:07:01,020 >> IN ADDITION TO THAT ORGANIC 155 00:07:01,020 --> 00:07:04,624 HAZE THAT IS SNOWING DOWN, TITAN 156 00:07:04,624 --> 00:07:05,992 HAS A METHANE CYCLE. 157 00:07:05,992 --> 00:07:09,595 EARTH HAS A HYDROLOGIC CYCLE 158 00:07:09,595 --> 00:07:12,231 WHERE CLOUDS FORM AND THEY 159 00:07:12,231 --> 00:07:14,634 CONDENSE AND EVENTUALLY RAIN. 160 00:07:14,634 --> 00:07:16,202 TITAN HAS SOMETHING SIMILAR TO 161 00:07:16,202 --> 00:07:20,039 THAT, BUT INSTEAD OF LIQUID 162 00:07:20,039 --> 00:07:26,612 WATER ITS LIQUID METHANE. 163 00:07:26,612 --> 00:07:28,281 AND IT WILL COME TOGETHER IN 164 00:07:28,281 --> 00:07:29,982 RAINSTORMS THAT CARVE THE 165 00:07:29,982 --> 00:07:32,051 SURFACE AND CREATE LAKES AND 166 00:07:32,051 --> 00:07:33,886 RIVERS AND CANYONS. 167 00:07:33,886 --> 00:07:37,924 AND EVEN THOUGH IT'S REALLY COLD 168 00:07:37,924 --> 00:07:40,760 ON TIE ON, IT HAS SIMILARITIES 169 00:07:40,760 --> 00:07:41,961 TO EARTH. 170 00:07:41,961 --> 00:07:43,429 >> THERE ARE A LOT OF EITHER ON 171 00:07:43,429 --> 00:07:46,732 TITAN LIKE EARTH, RIVERS, LAKES. 172 00:07:46,732 --> 00:07:47,166 >> MM-HMM. 173 00:07:47,166 --> 00:07:48,868 >> IF WE WERE WITH DRAGONFLY ON 174 00:07:48,868 --> 00:07:51,170 THE SURFACE, WOULD W RECOGNIZE 175 00:07:51,170 --> 00:07:51,604 IT? 176 00:07:51,604 --> 00:07:54,440 OR IS SUCH AN ANCIENT EARTH-LIKE 177 00:07:54,440 --> 00:07:55,842 ATMOSPHERE WE WOULDN'T KNOW WHAT 178 00:07:55,842 --> 00:07:58,244 WE WERE LOOKING AT. 179 00:07:58,244 --> 00:07:59,011 >> WE WOULD DEFINITE RECOGNIZE 180 00:07:59,011 --> 00:07:59,278 IT. 181 00:07:59,278 --> 00:08:01,447 ONE OF THE GREAT THINGS WITH 182 00:08:01,447 --> 00:08:03,316 DRAGONFLY, THE CAMERA THAT IT 183 00:08:03,316 --> 00:08:05,418 HAS LOOKING FORWARD AND 184 00:08:05,418 --> 00:08:05,785 DOWNWARD. 185 00:08:05,785 --> 00:08:08,955 AS THE DRAGONFLY FLIES OVER THE 186 00:08:08,955 --> 00:08:10,456 SURFACE IT WILL TAKE PICTURES 187 00:08:10,456 --> 00:08:12,158 AND SEND THEM BACK TO EARTH. 188 00:08:12,158 --> 00:08:13,392 WE'LL HAVE THE EXPERIENCE AS IF 189 00:08:13,392 --> 00:08:15,261 WE WERE RIDING ALONG WITH 190 00:08:15,261 --> 00:08:17,797 DRAGONFLY LOOKING AT THIS ALIEN 191 00:08:17,797 --> 00:08:19,899 BUT YET FAMILI SURFACE THAT 192 00:08:19,899 --> 00:08:21,767 HAS THESE RIVERS AND MOUNTAINS. 193 00:08:21,767 --> 00:08:26,472 THAT'S GOING TO BE A TREMENDOUS 194 00:08:26,472 --> 00:08:27,507 EXPERIENCE FOR THE PUBLIC. 195 00:08:27,507 --> 00:08:29,575 I THINK EVERYBODY IS GOING TO 196 00:08:29,575 --> 00:08:31,978 ENJOY IT. 197 00:08:31,978 --> 00:08:33,579 >> THE ATMOSPHERE IS THICKER 198 00:08:33,579 --> 00:08:35,715 THAN EARTH'S, AND THAT 199 00:08:35,715 --> 00:08:40,219 CONTRIBUTES TO THE METHANE CYCLE 200 00:08:40,219 --> 00:08:41,687 AND THE SNOWING. 201 00:08:41,687 --> 00:08:43,222 TELL US ABOUT THAT PROCESS. 202 00:08:43,222 --> 00:08:44,490 >> THAT'S ONE OF THE EXCITING 203 00:08:44,490 --> 00:08:49,795 THINGS THAT THE CASSINI MISSION 204 00:08:49,795 --> 00:08:51,230 REVEALED TO US. 205 00:08:51,230 --> 00:08:53,032 WHERE YOU HAVE THE RAIN COMING 206 00:08:53,032 --> 00:08:56,836 DOWN AND THE COLLECTING INTO 207 00:08:56,836 --> 00:08:59,772 LAKES, LIKE EARTH'S GREAT LAKES 208 00:08:59,772 --> 00:09:04,644 FILLED WITH THIS LIQUID METHANE. 209 00:09:04,644 --> 00:09:05,778 IT CRATES THAT WEATHER CYCLE, 210 00:09:05,778 --> 00:09:08,614 JUST LIKE ON EARTH, EXCEPT 211 00:09:08,614 --> 00:09:10,016 WITHOUT THE LIQUID WATER. 212 00:09:10,016 --> 00:09:14,453 THE TEMPERATURE ABOUT TITAN IS 213 00:09:14,453 --> 00:09:16,289 MINUS 300-DEGREE FAHRENHEIT. 214 00:09:16,289 --> 00:09:17,990 THAT'S ONE KEY DIFFERENCE. 215 00:09:17,990 --> 00:09:22,695 EVEN SOW, WE HAVE, BECAUSE OF 216 00:09:22,695 --> 00:09:31,470 THOSE, AND WE'LL BE ABLE TO LOOK 217 00:09:31,470 --> 00:09:34,874 AT TITAN JUST AS IF WE'RE FLYING 218 00:09:34,874 --> 00:09:35,775 OVER EARTH. 219 00:09:35,775 --> 00:09:37,610 >> WHAT ARE WE GOING TO LOOK AT 220 00:09:37,610 --> 00:09:37,910 THERE? 221 00:09:37,910 --> 00:09:40,146 >> FIRST WE'RE GOING TO LAND IN 222 00:09:40,146 --> 00:09:41,314 SAND DO YOU KNOW AREAS. 223 00:09:41,314 --> 00:09:42,415 THAT'S THE SAFEST PLACE TO LAND, 224 00:09:42,415 --> 00:09:43,883 AND WE'LL HAVE QUESTIONS ABOUT 225 00:09:43,883 --> 00:09:44,150 IT. 226 00:09:44,150 --> 00:09:47,853 THE ULTIMATE GOAL IS TO GET TO A 227 00:09:47,853 --> 00:09:48,187 CRATER. 228 00:09:48,187 --> 00:09:51,991 AND WE WANT TO GET THERE BECAUSE 229 00:09:51,991 --> 00:09:54,160 WE THINK AT THE CRATER IS THAT 230 00:09:54,160 --> 00:10:00,132 THE THREE INGREDIENTS THAT YOU 231 00:10:00,132 --> 00:10:02,335 NEED FOR LIFE CAME IN AND WAS 232 00:10:02,335 --> 00:10:03,069 MIXED TOGETHER. 233 00:10:03,069 --> 00:10:05,905 WE WANT DRAGONFLY TO GET TO THAT 234 00:10:05,905 --> 00:10:07,239 CRATER SO WE CAN DIRECTLY 235 00:10:07,239 --> 00:10:08,507 INVESTIGATE WHAT HAPPENS WHEN 236 00:10:08,507 --> 00:10:10,309 YOU MIX THOSE THREE THINGS 237 00:10:10,309 --> 00:10:10,743 TOGETHER. 238 00:10:10,743 --> 00:10:14,480 9 GREAT THING ABOUT TIE TON, 239 00:10:14,480 --> 00:10:17,717 IT'S VERY SIMILAR TEMCALLY TO 240 00:10:17,717 --> 00:10:20,186 EARTH BEFORE WE EVOLVED. 241 00:10:20,186 --> 00:10:27,827 WE CAN'T ABOUT BACK IN TIME AT 242 00:10:27,827 --> 00:10:29,996 WE CAN GO BACK TO TITAN, PURSUE 243 00:10:29,996 --> 00:10:31,831 THOSE QUESTIONS, LOOK AT THAT 244 00:10:31,831 --> 00:10:33,399 CHEMISTRY, AND GET A GLIMPSE OF 245 00:10:33,399 --> 00:10:34,834 WHAT THOSE CONDITIONS WERE LIKE 246 00:10:34,834 --> 00:10:37,770 THAT LED TO LIFE ON EARTH. 247 00:10:37,770 --> 00:10:43,476 >> SO THE. 248 00:10:43,476 --> 00:10:47,013 THERE ARE A HOLE VARIETY OF 249 00:10:47,013 --> 00:10:49,148 THINGS, AND WHAT ABOUT THESE 250 00:10:49,148 --> 00:10:49,982 SAMPLES THAT THESE INSTRUMENTS 251 00:10:49,982 --> 00:10:51,684 WILL BE TAKING. 252 00:10:51,684 --> 00:10:53,953 >> THEY'LL SPEND A LOT OF TIME 253 00:10:53,953 --> 00:10:55,154 OVER THE SAND DUNES. 254 00:10:55,154 --> 00:11:00,559 SIMILAR TO THE SAND DUNES IN THE 255 00:11:00,559 --> 00:11:02,528 AREA IN AFRICA. 256 00:11:02,528 --> 00:11:06,399 SO WHAT WE'LL DO, WE'LL FLY 257 00:11:06,399 --> 00:11:07,400 DRAG. 258 00:11:07,400 --> 00:11:14,306 FLY OVER OH, ABOUT, IS THAT'S 259 00:11:14,306 --> 00:11:18,477 WHY WE GO THROUGH THE ANALYSIS 260 00:11:18,477 --> 00:11:20,346 WHAT ARE THOSE SANDS MADE OF? 261 00:11:20,346 --> 00:11:21,647 HAVE THEY DRIFTED DOWN? 262 00:11:21,647 --> 00:11:24,016 HAVE THEY BEEN MODIFIED? 263 00:11:24,016 --> 00:11:25,885 HAVE THEY BEEN BLOWN IN FROM 264 00:11:25,885 --> 00:11:27,553 LONG DISTANCES? 265 00:11:27,553 --> 00:11:29,488 THAT WILL BE A VERY EXCITING 266 00:11:29,488 --> 00:11:31,090 PART OF THE MISSION. 267 00:11:31,090 --> 00:11:34,527 >> WHY DO WE CALL TITAN OCEAN 268 00:11:34,527 --> 00:11:35,861 WORLD? 269 00:11:35,861 --> 00:11:42,535 >> YES, OCEAN WORLDS ARE AN 270 00:11:42,535 --> 00:11:47,473 EARTH IS AN OCEAN WORLD BECAUSE 271 00:11:47,473 --> 00:11:50,276 WE HAVE AN OCEAN ON THE SURFACE. 272 00:11:50,276 --> 00:11:53,279 IN OTHER PLANETS WITH ATMOSPHERE 273 00:11:53,279 --> 00:11:54,947 YOU DON'T TYPICALLY SEE OCANS 274 00:11:54,947 --> 00:11:56,148 AT THE SURFACE. 275 00:11:56,148 --> 00:11:59,685 WHAT WE SEE IN A WORLD LIKE TIE 276 00:11:59,685 --> 00:12:03,456 ON IT AND SIMILARLY, THEY HAVE 277 00:12:03,456 --> 00:12:06,192 FOLKS BELOW 9 SURFACE. 278 00:12:06,192 --> 00:12:13,232 THAT HAS. 279 00:12:13,232 --> 00:12:15,835 WHAT DRAGONFLY WILL DO IS LET US 280 00:12:15,835 --> 00:12:17,703 KNOW IF THAT OCEAN IS CLOSE 281 00:12:17,703 --> 00:12:21,240 ENOUGH TO THE SURFACE TO MIX 282 00:12:21,240 --> 00:12:23,642 WITH THOSE COMPLEX MOLECULES 283 00:12:23,642 --> 00:12:25,077 FALLING OUT OF THE ATMOSPHERE. 284 00:12:25,077 --> 00:12:29,215 IF SO, THAT MEANS WE HAVE MORE 285 00:12:29,215 --> 00:12:30,483 UP GREEDS THAT COULD COME 286 00:12:30,483 --> 00:12:32,618 TOGETHER TO COULD LEAD TO LIVE. 287 00:12:32,618 --> 00:12:34,353 >> WE'RE STARTING T GET 288 00:12:34,353 --> 00:12:36,689 QUESTIONS ON SOCIAL MEDIA. 289 00:12:36,689 --> 00:12:42,394 WE'LL TURN IN TO HIM. 290 00:12:42,394 --> 00:12:45,297 >> IF YOU WANT TO ASK A QUESTION 291 00:12:45,297 --> 00:12:53,806 GO TO #ASK NASA: FROM TED 292 00:12:53,806 --> 00:12:54,173 CURIOSITY. 293 00:12:54,173 --> 00:12:56,442 WHAT IS THE EXPECTED LIFE SPAN 294 00:12:56,442 --> 00:12:58,077 OF DRAGONFLY? 295 00:12:58,077 --> 00:12:59,411 >> THAT'S A GOOD QUESTION. 296 00:12:59,411 --> 00:13:02,515 ONCE WE LAND WE'LL SPEND TWO AND 297 00:13:02,515 --> 00:13:04,049 A HALF YEARS FLYING AROUND 298 00:13:04,049 --> 00:13:04,350 TITAN. 299 00:13:04,350 --> 00:13:06,652 AND WE'LL DO IT, AS YOU SAID A 300 00:13:06,652 --> 00:13:08,053 COUPLE OF DOZEN FLIGHTS. 301 00:13:08,053 --> 00:13:20,032 AND THAT WILL ALLOW US TO GO 180 302 00:13:20,032 --> 00:13:22,434 >> WILL DRAGONFLY HAVE WHEEL OR 303 00:13:22,434 --> 00:13:24,370 TRACKS OR ONLY PROPELLERS? 304 00:13:24,370 --> 00:13:26,872 >> IT ONLY HAS PROPELLERS. 305 00:13:26,872 --> 00:13:27,573 IT HAS SKIDS UNDERNEATH SO WE 306 00:13:27,573 --> 00:13:29,108 CAN LAND ON THOSE SKIDS. 307 00:13:29,108 --> 00:13:31,911 BUT ANY TIME WE WANT TO MOVE, 308 00:13:31,911 --> 00:13:35,915 WE'LL USE THOSE PRO BELLERS FOR 309 00:13:35,915 --> 00:13:37,016 THEIR FLIGHTS. 310 00:13:37,016 --> 00:13:44,723 SOME FLIGHTS MAY BE 8 OR # MPH 311 00:13:44,723 --> 00:13:45,591 LONG. 312 00:13:45,591 --> 00:13:46,959 THAT'S THE BEAUTY DRAGONFLY, 313 00:13:46,959 --> 00:13:48,527 BECAUSE WHAT WE'VE LEARNED WHEN 314 00:13:48,527 --> 00:13:53,098 WE GO TO OTHER WORLDS, IF CAN 315 00:13:53,098 --> 00:13:54,967 MOVE AROUND, IF YOU HAVE 316 00:13:54,967 --> 00:13:55,868 MOBILITY, YOU CAN LEARN MORE. 317 00:13:55,868 --> 00:13:57,503 THERE IS NOTHING MORE 318 00:13:57,503 --> 00:13:59,138 FRUSTRATING SPENDING A YEAR, TEN 319 00:13:59,138 --> 00:14:00,272 YEARS TRYING TO GET SOMEWHERE, 320 00:14:00,272 --> 00:14:02,408 AND YOU REALIZE I WISH WE WERE 321 00:14:02,408 --> 00:14:05,244 TEN FEET OVER IN THAT DIRECTION. 322 00:14:05,244 --> 00:14:06,712 DRAGONFLY WILL MAKE THAT COME 323 00:14:06,712 --> 00:14:07,112 TRUE. 324 00:14:07,112 --> 00:14:09,415 >> YouTube IS WITH US, AND 325 00:14:09,415 --> 00:14:11,483 WHAT ROCKET IS GOING TO BE USED 326 00:14:11,483 --> 00:14:13,919 TO SEND DRAGONFLY TO TITAN? 327 00:14:13,919 --> 00:14:15,621 >> THAT'S A GOOD QUESTION. 328 00:14:15,621 --> 00:14:20,759 AND ONCE WE GET CLOSER TO IF 329 00:14:20,759 --> 00:14:23,495 IT'S A WE'LL LOOK AT WHAT 330 00:14:23,495 --> 00:14:25,898 PERFORMANCE WE NEED AND WHAT 331 00:14:25,898 --> 00:14:30,269 FRONT POSSIBLY. 332 00:14:30,269 --> 00:14:31,604 >> AND IT'S A LONG FLIGHT. 333 00:14:31,604 --> 00:14:32,872 IT WIL TAKE EIGHT YEARS. 334 00:14:32,872 --> 00:14:35,841 WE'RE USING A GRAVITY ASSIST? 335 00:14:35,841 --> 00:14:39,411 >> WE'LL LAUNCH IN 2026, AND 336 00:14:39,411 --> 00:14:41,680 WE'LL ARRIVE IN 2034. 337 00:14:41,680 --> 00:14:43,048 IT IS A LONG FLIGHT. 338 00:14:43,048 --> 00:14:44,817 AND THAT IS THE CURSE OF 339 00:14:44,817 --> 00:14:46,518 EXPLORATION IN THE OUTER SOLAR 340 00:14:46,518 --> 00:14:46,852 SYSTEM. 341 00:14:46,852 --> 00:14:48,487 IT ALWAYS TAKES A LONG TIME TO 342 00:14:48,487 --> 00:14:49,788 GET THERE. 343 00:14:49,788 --> 00:15:01,767 WE'LL DO A GRAPHIST GRAPH. 344 00:15:01,767 --> 00:15:07,606 >> IS TITAN GEOLOGICALLY ACTIVE. 345 00:15:07,606 --> 00:15:09,341 >> AH, THAT'S A GREAT QUESTION 346 00:15:09,341 --> 00:15:12,711 AND THAT'S SOMETHING THAT WE'RE 347 00:15:12,711 --> 00:15:13,078 DEBATING. 348 00:15:13,078 --> 00:15:16,148 IT'S GEOLOGICALLY ACTIVE IN THE 349 00:15:16,148 --> 00:15:21,387 FACT THAT METHANE HAS BEEN 350 00:15:21,387 --> 00:15:21,921 COLLECTING IN LAKES. 351 00:15:21,921 --> 00:15:25,391 AND THE QUESTION IS ARE THERE 352 00:15:25,391 --> 00:15:26,725 CRYO VOLCANOS. 353 00:15:26,725 --> 00:15:32,064 INSTEAD OF ERUPTING LAVA, TITAN 354 00:15:32,064 --> 00:15:49,114 IS SO COLD, WOULD BE THERE BE 355 00:15:49,114 --> 00:15:50,883 IT'S STILL AN OPEN DEBATE. 356 00:15:50,883 --> 00:15:52,851 BUT WHAT WE'RE HOPING IS THAT 357 00:15:52,851 --> 00:15:54,186 DRAGONFLY WILL BE ABLE TO SAMPLE 358 00:15:54,186 --> 00:15:56,322 SOME OF THOSE CRYO LAVAS FROM 359 00:15:56,322 --> 00:15:58,857 THE IMPACT AND SEE HOW THAT 360 00:15:58,857 --> 00:16:01,026 LICKED WATER IS MIXED WITH THE 361 00:16:01,026 --> 00:16:01,527 SURFACE MATERIALS. 362 00:16:01,527 --> 00:16:03,262 >> THIS IS GOING TO BE A GREAT 363 00:16:03,262 --> 00:16:03,662 MISSION. 364 00:16:03,662 --> 00:16:06,265 WE'RE GOING TO TAKE MORE 365 00:16:06,265 --> 00:16:21,180 QUESTIONS AT AT #ASK NASA. 366 00:16:21,180 --> 00:16:23,248 WE'RE GOING TO FIND MORE ABOUT 367 00:16:23,248 --> 00:16:26,919 THE ACTUAL SPACECRAFT. 368 00:16:26,919 --> 00:16:28,721 HERE YOU GO, SOPHIA. 369 00:16:28,721 --> 00:16:30,456 >> THANK YOU, GREY. 370 00:16:30,456 --> 00:16:32,291 YES, WE'RE AT JOHNS HOPKINS 371 00:16:32,291 --> 00:16:34,026 APPLIED PHYSICS LABORATORY. 372 00:16:34,026 --> 00:16:37,262 I'M HERE WITH THE PRINCIPAL 373 00:16:37,262 --> 00:16:38,297 INVESTIGATOR, ZIBI. 374 00:16:38,297 --> 00:16:41,000 THANK YOU FOR BRINGING US HERE. 375 00:16:41,000 --> 00:16:41,600 >> MY PLEASURE. 376 00:16:41,600 --> 00:16:44,803 >> WE FOUND OUT YESTERDAY THAT 377 00:16:44,803 --> 00:16:47,006 THIS IS GOING TO BE THE NEXT 378 00:16:47,006 --> 00:16:47,973 FRAN TEARS MISSION. 379 00:16:47,973 --> 00:16:48,741 >> WE'RE THRILLED AND READY TO 380 00:16:48,741 --> 00:16:50,909 JUMP ON IN AND GET GOING TO GO 381 00:16:50,909 --> 00:16:52,211 TO TITAN. 382 00:16:52,211 --> 00:16:53,045 >> NOW WE CAN PACK ABOUT THE 383 00:16:53,045 --> 00:16:54,346 HARDWARE OF THIS. 384 00:16:54,346 --> 00:16:56,915 THIS IS A ONE-FOURTH SCALE MODEL 385 00:16:56,915 --> 00:16:59,118 OF DRAGONFLY. 386 00:16:59,118 --> 00:17:00,519 >> YES. 387 00:17:00,519 --> 00:17:01,754 >> LET'S DESCRIBE WHAT SIZE IS 388 00:17:01,754 --> 00:17:02,554 THIS HERE? 389 00:17:02,554 --> 00:17:05,858 >> YES, THIS IS A ONE-FOURTH 390 00:17:05,858 --> 00:17:07,359 SCALE MODEL. 391 00:17:07,359 --> 00:17:09,795 DRAGONFLY IS THE SIZE OF A MARS 392 00:17:09,795 --> 00:17:10,095 ROVER. 393 00:17:10,095 --> 00:17:12,598 IT STANDS ABOUT THIS HIGH AND 10 394 00:17:12,598 --> 00:17:14,733 SO WE'RE USED TO DRONES THAT ARE 395 00:17:14,733 --> 00:17:17,202 SMALL THINGS THAT WE FLY AROUND 396 00:17:17,202 --> 00:17:18,470 IN OUR BACKYARDS. 397 00:17:18,470 --> 00:17:22,574 DRAGONFLY IS REALLY A MARS ROVER 398 00:17:22,574 --> 00:17:23,876 SCIENCE DRONE THAT WILL BE ABLE 399 00:17:23,876 --> 00:17:28,514 TO FLY FROM PLACE TO PLACE IN 400 00:17:28,514 --> 00:17:30,549 WHAT DO YOU GET OUT OF THIS 401 00:17:30,549 --> 00:17:31,383 MISSION? 402 00:17:31,383 --> 00:17:34,820 WHAT IS THE END GOAL. 403 00:17:34,820 --> 00:17:37,689 >> WELL, TITAN IS REALLY A 404 00:17:37,689 --> 00:17:40,192 LABORATORY TO UNDERSTAND THE 405 00:17:40,192 --> 00:17:40,559 CHEMISTRY. 406 00:17:40,559 --> 00:17:43,095 # THE CHEMISTRY THAT TOOK THE 407 00:17:43,095 --> 00:17:43,929 STEP TO BIOLOGY. 408 00:17:43,929 --> 00:17:48,100 WE KNOW THAT TITAN HAS RICH 409 00:17:48,100 --> 00:17:52,971 COMPLEX KELLER UNDER THE SUR 410 00:17:52,971 --> 00:17:54,807 THIS IS ENERGY IN THE SUNLIGHT, 411 00:17:54,807 --> 00:17:56,208 AND WE KNOW THERE HAS BEEN 412 00:17:56,208 --> 00:17:58,010 LIQUID WATER ON THE SURFACE IN 413 00:17:58,010 --> 00:17:59,044 THE PAST. 414 00:17:59,044 --> 00:18:02,347 THESE INGREDIENTS THAT ARE 415 00:18:02,347 --> 00:18:09,755 NECESSARY TO THEY'VE BEEN DOING 416 00:18:09,755 --> 00:18:13,258 CHEMISTRY EXPERIMENTS, AND 417 00:18:13,258 --> 00:18:14,326 DRAGONFLY DESIGNS TO PICK UP 418 00:18:14,326 --> 00:18:15,994 THOSE EXPERIMENTS AND STUDY 419 00:18:15,994 --> 00:18:16,295 THEM. 420 00:18:16,295 --> 00:18:17,529 >> LET'S TAKE A TOUR OF WHAT 421 00:18:17,529 --> 00:18:18,263 WE'VE GOT HERE. 422 00:18:18,263 --> 00:18:19,631 CAN YOU SHOW US WHAT WE'RE 423 00:18:19,631 --> 00:18:20,933 LOOKING AT? 424 00:18:20,933 --> 00:18:21,934 >> ABSOLUTELY. 425 00:18:21,934 --> 00:18:25,104 THIS IS THE ONE-FOURTH SCALE 426 00:18:25,104 --> 00:18:26,338 MODEL OF DRAG. 427 00:18:26,338 --> 00:18:26,605 FLY. 428 00:18:26,605 --> 00:18:30,776 MOST OF THE INSTRUMENTS ARE LDS 429 00:18:30,776 --> 00:18:33,879 THE BODY OF THE LANDER, 430 00:18:33,879 --> 00:18:37,583 PROTECTED FROM THE ENVIRONMENT 431 00:18:37,583 --> 00:18:42,721 THIS IS WHERE OUR AFFORD-LOOKING 432 00:18:42,721 --> 00:18:47,259 AM HARASS WILLING AT. 433 00:18:47,259 --> 00:18:51,096 WE HAVE. 434 00:18:51,096 --> 00:18:53,232 THIS IS HOW WE COMMUNICATE 435 00:18:53,232 --> 00:18:54,800 SENDING DATA DIRECTLY FROM THE 436 00:18:54,800 --> 00:18:56,935 SURFACE OF TITAN BACK TO US ON 437 00:18:56,935 --> 00:18:57,236 EARTH. 438 00:18:57,236 --> 00:19:02,274 THESE TWO BOXES ON THE HIGH GAIN 439 00:19:02,274 --> 00:19:05,978 ACTIVITY ARE BO FOR THE ANTENNA 440 00:19:05,978 --> 00:19:09,515 ALLOWS US TO MOVE THOSE CAMERAS 441 00:19:09,515 --> 00:19:09,848 AROUND. 442 00:19:09,848 --> 00:19:11,950 WE CAN MOVE AND POINT TOWARDS 443 00:19:11,950 --> 00:19:12,584 EARTH TO COMMUNICATE. 444 00:19:12,584 --> 00:19:15,354 AND THAT MEANS THAT WE CAN MOVE 445 00:19:15,354 --> 00:19:18,891 THESE AROUND TO TAKE A PANORAMA 446 00:19:18,891 --> 00:19:26,632 TO CREATE AN UP PARTICIPATE. 447 00:19:26,632 --> 00:19:30,035 >> I THERE IS A DRILL ON EACH 448 00:19:30,035 --> 00:19:30,335 SIDE. 449 00:19:30,335 --> 00:19:32,371 YOU CAN SEE THE DRILL--BECAUSE 450 00:19:32,371 --> 00:19:35,507 DRAGONFLY FLIES, WE'RE NOT USE 451 00:19:35,507 --> 00:19:38,243 TO HAVING AN ARE WE HAVE TO 452 00:19:38,243 --> 00:19:40,679 THINK ABOUT AERODYNAMICS. 453 00:19:40,679 --> 00:19:42,681 WE HAVE PROTECTION TO MAKE SURE 454 00:19:42,681 --> 00:19:44,416 WE DON'T HAVE A LOT OF DRAG WHEN 455 00:19:44,416 --> 00:19:46,451 WE'RE FLYING. 456 00:19:46,451 --> 00:19:53,091 THESE TWO DRILLS FEED A PNEUMATI 457 00:19:53,091 --> 00:19:53,425 SYSTEM. 458 00:19:53,425 --> 00:19:55,627 WE CAN DRILL DOWN AND THEN SUCK 459 00:19:55,627 --> 00:20:00,432 MATERIAL UP INTO THE MASS 460 00:20:00,432 --> 00:20:01,333 SPECTROMETER. 461 00:20:01,333 --> 00:20:02,734 AND THAT SITS HERE INSIDE THE 462 00:20:02,734 --> 00:20:03,068 LANDER. 463 00:20:03,068 --> 00:20:05,804 THEN THERE IS ANOTHER WAY WE CAN 464 00:20:05,804 --> 00:20:06,838 MEASURE THE COMPOSITION OF 465 00:20:06,838 --> 00:20:08,207 SURFACE MATERIALS. 466 00:20:08,207 --> 00:20:13,645 THAT'S THE GAMMA RAY AND NEUTRON 467 00:20:13,645 --> 00:20:14,079 SPECTROMETER. 468 00:20:14,079 --> 00:20:21,320 WE CAN WE GET VERY HIGH, VERY 469 00:20:21,320 --> 00:20:25,724 FINE MEASUREMENTS AT VERY LOCAL 470 00:20:25,724 --> 00:20:35,434 LANDING SIGHTS AND THEM WE CAN 471 00:20:35,434 --> 00:20:36,735 GET A FEW-- 472 00:20:36,735 --> 00:20:39,805 >> THIS WILL SEND A PULSE OF 473 00:20:39,805 --> 00:20:40,138 ENERGY. 474 00:20:40,138 --> 00:20:42,140 >> YES, USUALLY WHEN WE HAVE 475 00:20:42,140 --> 00:20:43,775 GAMMA RAY SPECTROMETER IN 476 00:20:43,775 --> 00:20:45,944 FLIGHT, WE CAN USE THE COSMIC 477 00:20:45,944 --> 00:20:47,479 RAYS AS IT'S SOURCES. 478 00:20:47,479 --> 00:20:49,748 BUT THE ATMOSPHERE THEY WOULDS 479 00:20:49,748 --> 00:20:50,182 YOU FROM THAT. 480 00:20:50,182 --> 00:21:01,393 WE HAVE TO BRING A NEW TRAP, AND 481 00:21:01,393 --> 00:21:06,231 SENSE THE NEW MATERIALS IN THE 482 00:21:06,231 --> 00:21:07,466 SUB SURFACE. 483 00:21:07,466 --> 00:21:09,468 >> IT IS UNUSUAL TO HAVE A 484 00:21:09,468 --> 00:21:10,002 FLYING DEVICE HERE. 485 00:21:10,002 --> 00:21:11,670 WE HAVE EIGHT ROTORS ON THIS. 486 00:21:11,670 --> 00:21:14,006 WHY DID YOU CHOOSE TO FLY 487 00:21:14,006 --> 00:21:15,307 INSTEAD OF ROLE? 488 00:21:15,307 --> 00:21:17,376 >> YES, SO FLYING ON TITAN IS 489 00:21:17,376 --> 00:21:19,111 ACTUALLY EASIER THAN FLYING ON 490 00:21:19,111 --> 00:21:19,511 EARTH. 491 00:21:19,511 --> 00:21:22,648 THE ATMOSPHERE IS FOUR TIMES 492 00:21:22,648 --> 00:21:33,959 DENSER AT THE PAR IT WAS 493 00:21:33,959 --> 00:21:35,360 AND IT'S ACTUALLY EASER TO FLY 494 00:21:35,360 --> 00:21:36,194 ON TITAN. 495 00:21:36,194 --> 00:21:38,964 SO IF YOU PUT ON WINGS, IT WOULD 496 00:21:38,964 --> 00:21:41,600 BE EASIER TO FLY ON TITAN. 497 00:21:41,600 --> 00:21:44,002 SO IT'S THE EASIER WAY TO GO AND 498 00:21:44,002 --> 00:21:45,470 WE WANT TO UNDERSTAND HOW THE 499 00:21:45,470 --> 00:21:47,172 MATERIALS ON THE SURFACE HAVE 500 00:21:47,172 --> 00:21:50,742 INTERACTED IN DIFFERENT WAYS. 501 00:21:50,742 --> 00:21:51,243 >> WONDERFUL. 502 00:21:51,243 --> 00:21:53,378 SO MUCH MORE SCIENCE WHICH IS 503 00:21:53,378 --> 00:21:55,147 ALL THAT WE WANT. 504 00:21:55,147 --> 00:21:55,647 >> ABSOLUTELY. 505 00:21:55,647 --> 00:21:57,883 >> LET'S TAKE A LOOK AGAIN 506 00:21:57,883 --> 00:22:00,786 BECAUSE WE HAVE MORE PARTS 507 00:22:00,786 --> 00:22:01,720 BEHIND HERE. 508 00:22:01,720 --> 00:22:03,722 WHAT ARE WE LOOKING AT. 509 00:22:03,722 --> 00:22:12,097 >> YES, DRAGONFLY IS DESIGNED TO 510 00:22:12,097 --> 00:22:15,534 MULTI MISSION ISOTROPE MISSION. 511 00:22:15,534 --> 00:22:18,236 AND SO WE USE THIS TO CHARGE A 512 00:22:18,236 --> 00:22:18,570 BATTERY. 513 00:22:18,570 --> 00:22:19,705 AND TEN ALL OF OUR ACTIVITIES 514 00:22:19,705 --> 00:22:21,340 ARE PERFORMED OFF OF THAT 515 00:22:21,340 --> 00:22:21,673 BATTERY. 516 00:22:21,673 --> 00:22:24,209 SO WHEN WE FLY, WE FLY OFF THE 517 00:22:24,209 --> 00:22:24,543 BATTERY. 518 00:22:24,543 --> 00:22:27,045 THEN WHEN WE LAND, WE CAN 519 00:22:27,045 --> 00:22:28,880 RECHARGE FROM THE MRTG BECAUSE 520 00:22:28,880 --> 00:22:30,782 THERE IS NOT ENOUGH SIGN LIGHT 521 00:22:30,782 --> 00:22:32,551 THAT GETS TO THE SURFACE OF 522 00:22:32,551 --> 00:22:34,553 TITAN THAT FAR OUT IN THE SOLAR 523 00:22:34,553 --> 00:22:37,856 SYSTEM IN ORDER TO BE ABLE TO DO 524 00:22:37,856 --> 00:22:38,290 SOLAR POWER. 525 00:22:38,290 --> 00:22:39,691 >> IS THERE SOMETHING THAT 526 00:22:39,691 --> 00:22:41,259 YOU'RE REALLY EAGER TO TELL THE 527 00:22:41,259 --> 00:22:43,395 PUBLIC ABOUT THIS MISSION? 528 00:22:43,395 --> 00:22:48,166 >> THE THING--THERE ARE SO MANY 529 00:22:48,166 --> 00:22:48,567 THINGS. 530 00:22:48,567 --> 00:22:51,336 ONE OF THE THINGS IS 531 00:22:51,336 --> 00:22:52,804 PARTICULARLY EXCITING ABOUT THIS 532 00:22:52,804 --> 00:22:54,339 MISSION IS THAT WE CAN DO THE 533 00:22:54,339 --> 00:22:56,575 VERY DETAILED CHEMICAL 534 00:22:56,575 --> 00:22:58,176 MEASUREMENT, BUT TO BE ABLE TO 535 00:22:58,176 --> 00:23:02,781 PUT THEM IN TITAN AS A SYSTEM SO 536 00:23:02,781 --> 00:23:03,915 WE UNDERSTAND THE WAY THE 537 00:23:03,915 --> 00:23:05,283 MATERIALS INTERACT, THE WAY THEY 538 00:23:05,283 --> 00:23:07,085 HAVE BEEN MIXED TOGETHER. 539 00:23:07,085 --> 00:23:10,956 WE HAVE IN ADDITION TO THE 540 00:23:10,956 --> 00:23:14,192 CAMERAS AND THE INSTRUMENTS THAT 541 00:23:14,192 --> 00:23:20,432 MEASURE THE ATMOSPHERE AND 542 00:23:20,432 --> 00:23:22,734 UNDERSTAND HOW IT CHANGES FROM 543 00:23:22,734 --> 00:23:30,108 DAY-TO-DAY, AND WE HAVE A SIZE 544 00:23:30,108 --> 00:23:32,577 SIZEMOMETER AND UNDERSTAND THE 545 00:23:32,577 --> 00:23:33,945 SEISMIC ACTIVITY AND THE 546 00:23:33,945 --> 00:23:36,148 THICKNESS OF THE ICE SHELF OVER 547 00:23:36,148 --> 00:23:41,686 THE DEEP INTERIOR LIQUID WATER. 548 00:23:41,686 --> 00:23:44,222 >> THE WAY YOU'RE TALKING ABOUT 549 00:23:44,222 --> 00:23:46,858 THIS MISSION, IT SOUNDS LIKE 550 00:23:46,858 --> 00:23:47,993 WE'RE TALKING ABOUT A PLANET, 551 00:23:47,993 --> 00:23:49,895 BUT THIS IS A MOON THAT WE'RE 552 00:23:49,895 --> 00:23:53,031 TALKING ABOUT. 553 00:23:53,031 --> 00:23:54,466 IT HAS RIVERS, AN ATMOSPHERE, 554 00:23:54,466 --> 00:23:57,702 AND STILL, IT'S ORBITING SATURN. 555 00:23:57,702 --> 00:24:02,340 HOW WONDERFUL WOULD IT BE TO GO 556 00:24:02,340 --> 00:24:05,777 AFTER THERE. 557 00:24:05,777 --> 00:24:07,245 WE HAVE THE MATERIALS THAT ARE 558 00:24:07,245 --> 00:24:10,148 AT THESE LOW TEMPERATURES AND 559 00:24:10,148 --> 00:24:12,017 THE BEDROCK ARE ICE AND SAN 560 00:24:12,017 --> 00:24:14,386 DUNES ARE MADE OF ORGANNING SAND 561 00:24:14,386 --> 00:24:14,820 GRAINS. 562 00:24:14,820 --> 00:24:17,689 AND THE LIQUID ON THE SURFACE IS 563 00:24:17,689 --> 00:24:18,390 LIQUID METHANE. 564 00:24:18,390 --> 00:24:20,792 DESPITE THE FACT THAT THESE ARE 565 00:24:20,792 --> 00:24:22,327 VERY DIFFERENT MATERIALS THAN 566 00:24:22,327 --> 00:24:26,465 WE'RE USED TO, THE ENVIRONMENT 567 00:24:26,465 --> 00:24:31,336 THAT THEY'VE MADE WAS UP 568 00:24:31,336 --> 00:24:33,238 CREDITABLY FAMILIAR FEEL. 569 00:24:33,238 --> 00:24:35,674 >> LET'S TALK BRIEFLY ABOUT THAT 570 00:24:35,674 --> 00:24:36,074 VARIABILITY. 571 00:24:36,074 --> 00:24:38,176 WHAT DOES IT LOOK LIKE? 572 00:24:38,176 --> 00:24:43,715 >> THE DRAGONFLY, THE INITIAL 573 00:24:43,715 --> 00:24:44,983 LANDING FLIGHT ARE THAT IS 574 00:24:44,983 --> 00:24:45,484 EQUATORIAL DUNES. 575 00:24:45,484 --> 00:24:49,221 THEY HAVE THE LARGEST ZEN 576 00:24:49,221 --> 00:24:55,093 GARDENS WRAPPED AROUND THE 577 00:24:55,093 --> 00:24:57,362 EQUATORIAL REGION. 578 00:24:57,362 --> 00:24:58,697 ALTHOUGH THE MATERIALS ARE VERY 579 00:24:58,697 --> 00:25:00,098 DIFFERENT, THIS IS VERY SIMILAR 580 00:25:00,098 --> 00:25:02,667 TO SOME OF THE REGIONS THAT WE 581 00:25:02,667 --> 00:25:03,502 HAVE HERE ON EARTH. 582 00:25:03,502 --> 00:25:06,204 THERE IS A VERY GOOD ANALOGUE 583 00:25:06,204 --> 00:25:09,908 FOR THE DUNES THAT WE'LL BE 584 00:25:09,908 --> 00:25:11,910 VISITING IN THE DESERT WHERE WE 585 00:25:11,910 --> 00:25:15,180 HAVE DUNES THAT AE VERY SIMILAR 586 00:25:15,180 --> 00:25:18,750 BUT MADE OF SILICON AND ARE 587 00:25:18,750 --> 00:25:19,084 WARMER. 588 00:25:19,084 --> 00:25:21,620 >> I THINK ITS TIME TO GO WITH 589 00:25:21,620 --> 00:25:29,828 SOME QUESTIONS WITH #ASK NASA. 590 00:25:29,828 --> 00:25:31,963 I'M GOING TO TAKE A LOOK AT WHAT 591 00:25:31,963 --> 00:25:41,106 WE'VE GOT GOING HERE. 592 00:25:41,106 --> 00:25:44,242 TOM IS ASKING, WILL WE GET 593 00:25:44,242 --> 00:25:45,744 HIGH-QUALITY PICTURES? 594 00:25:45,744 --> 00:25:47,412 >> YES, WE'LL HAVE A SUITE OF 595 00:25:47,412 --> 00:25:50,081 CAMERAS THAT WILL BE ABLE TO 596 00:25:50,081 --> 00:25:57,322 TAKE DIFFERENT RESOLUTIONS. 597 00:25:57,322 --> 00:25:58,123 WE'LL IMAGE FORWARD AND 598 00:25:58,123 --> 00:26:00,292 DOWNWARD, AND VERY HIGH 599 00:26:00,292 --> 00:26:02,060 RESOLUTION CAMERAS UNDERNEATH 600 00:26:02,060 --> 00:26:05,697 THE LANDER THAT WILL IMAGE THE 601 00:26:05,697 --> 00:26:08,199 SITE WHERE WE'RE SAMPLING AT 602 00:26:08,199 --> 00:26:09,534 VERY HIGH RESOLUTION. 603 00:26:09,534 --> 00:26:12,304 WE'LL BE ABLE TO GET THE CONTEXT 604 00:26:12,304 --> 00:26:17,309 OF DIFFERENT SCALES WITH THE CAM 605 00:26:17,309 --> 00:26:19,578 FROM A THING THAT SITS REALLY 606 00:26:19,578 --> 00:26:20,412 FUN BECAUSE WE HAVE DUNES ON 607 00:26:20,412 --> 00:26:22,714 TITAN, ONE OF THE THINGS WE WANT 608 00:26:22,714 --> 00:26:26,384 TO STUDY IS THE WAY THE SANDS 609 00:26:26,384 --> 00:26:26,685 MOVE. 610 00:26:26,685 --> 00:26:27,652 HOW MUCH WIND DO YOU NEED TO 611 00:26:27,652 --> 00:26:29,220 MAKE THE STAND MOVES. 612 00:26:29,220 --> 00:26:31,923 AND WE DON'T HAVE TO WAIT FOR 613 00:26:31,923 --> 00:26:38,663 THERE TO BE A BREEZE. 614 00:26:38,663 --> 00:26:40,332 >> JUST ONE ROTOR AT A TIME? 615 00:26:40,332 --> 00:26:40,799 >> EXACTLY. 616 00:26:40,799 --> 00:26:42,334 >> THEN WE CAN USE THE CAMERAS 617 00:26:42,334 --> 00:26:44,603 TO LOOK DOWN IN THAT AREA AND 618 00:26:44,603 --> 00:26:49,574 WATCH AND SEE HOW MUCH IT TOOK 619 00:26:49,574 --> 00:26:51,543 TO GET THE SANDS TO MOVE. 620 00:26:51,543 --> 00:26:53,244 >> I'M EXCITED TO SEE THESE 621 00:26:53,244 --> 00:26:54,412 PICTURES COME BACK. 622 00:26:54,412 --> 00:26:55,981 TOO BAD IT WILL BE A FEW YEARS. 623 00:26:55,981 --> 00:26:57,682 >> IT WILL BE A LITTLE BIT. 624 00:26:57,682 --> 00:26:59,284 YOU HAVE TO BE PATIENT. 625 00:26:59,284 --> 00:27:05,690 >> WE IS THERE A THICK WHITE SAN 626 00:27:05,690 --> 00:27:07,826 AND KEY AREAS OF EXPLORATION, 627 00:27:07,826 --> 00:27:09,394 AND WHAT DO YOU EXPECT? 628 00:27:09,394 --> 00:27:10,929 >> YES, CASSINI HAS DONE A LOT 629 00:27:10,929 --> 00:27:12,831 OF WORK FOR US TO SCOUT THE AREA 630 00:27:12,831 --> 00:27:16,935 THAT WE'LL BE LANDING IN. 631 00:27:16,935 --> 00:27:21,473 WE'LL INITIALLY LAND IN THE SAND 632 00:27:21,473 --> 00:27:21,773 DUNES. 633 00:27:21,773 --> 00:27:24,175 THERE WILL BE RICH MATERIAL IN 634 00:27:24,175 --> 00:27:25,477 THE SAND DUNES THEMSELVES AND 635 00:27:25,477 --> 00:27:26,444 THE SAND PARTICLES THEMSELVES. 636 00:27:26,444 --> 00:27:29,147 AND THEN WE'LL GO DOWN INTO THE 637 00:27:29,147 --> 00:27:31,416 IMPACT CRATER, SO WE HAVE 638 00:27:31,416 --> 00:27:34,419 INFORMATION FROM C ASSINI AT THE 639 00:27:34,419 --> 00:27:35,220 HIGH LEVEL ABOUT THE NATURE OF 640 00:27:35,220 --> 00:27:37,989 THE SURFACE AND WHAT WE MAY 641 00:27:37,989 --> 00:27:38,423 ENCOUNTER. 642 00:27:38,423 --> 00:27:40,692 BUT WHAT WE WANT TO BE ABLE TO 643 00:27:40,692 --> 00:27:42,527 DO IS EX-FLOOR THAT HIGH 644 00:27:42,527 --> 00:27:50,335 RESOLUTION AT A MUCH MORE. 645 00:27:50,335 --> 00:27:52,771 >> WILL RAIN ON TITAN POSE ANY 646 00:27:52,771 --> 00:27:53,104 THREAT? 647 00:27:53,104 --> 00:27:56,441 >> WE HAVE THOROUGHLY TESTED THE 648 00:27:56,441 --> 00:27:58,176 SYSTEM TO MAKE SURE THAT IT IS 649 00:27:58,176 --> 00:27:59,811 NOT A THREAT IN TERMS OF THE 650 00:27:59,811 --> 00:28:01,079 FLIGHT SYSTEM. 651 00:28:01,079 --> 00:28:03,548 AND AT THIS TIME IN TITAN'S YEAR 652 00:28:03,548 --> 00:28:06,317 WE DON'T ACTUALLY EXPECT RAIN AT 653 00:28:06,317 --> 00:28:08,353 THE LOW LATITUDES. 654 00:28:08,353 --> 00:28:12,757 TITAN'S YEAR IS--BECAUSE SATURN 655 00:28:12,757 --> 00:28:15,427 SYSTEM HAS A TOTE SYSTEM SIMILAR 656 00:28:15,427 --> 00:28:17,996 TO EARTH. 657 00:28:17,996 --> 00:28:19,264 TODAY TAN HAS SIMILAR SENSE. 658 00:28:19,264 --> 00:28:22,567 IN NORTHERN WINTER, THE NORTH 659 00:28:22,567 --> 00:28:26,705 WOOL IS NOT ILLUMINATED BY THE 660 00:28:26,705 --> 00:28:26,971 SUN. 661 00:28:26,971 --> 00:28:29,574 EXCEPT FOR TITAN'S YEARS ARE 12 662 00:28:29,574 --> 00:28:31,076 YEARS LONG. 663 00:28:31,076 --> 00:28:34,212 BUT BECAUSE CASSINI WAS ABLE TO 664 00:28:34,212 --> 00:28:35,780 OBSERVE 13 YEARS, IT'S ALMOST A 665 00:28:35,780 --> 00:28:37,515 HALF A TITAN YEAR. 666 00:28:37,515 --> 00:28:41,886 WE KNOW HOW THE AND BECAUSE 667 00:28:41,886 --> 00:28:48,893 WE'RE GOING TO BE LANDING AN AT 668 00:28:48,893 --> 00:28:53,131 A SIMILAR LATITUDE OF THE ROVER, 669 00:28:53,131 --> 00:28:54,866 AND AT THAT TIME OF YEAR THE 670 00:28:54,866 --> 00:28:58,369 WEATHER SYSTEMS ARE AT THE SOUTH 671 00:28:58,369 --> 00:28:58,670 POLE. 672 00:28:58,670 --> 00:29:02,307 >> WILL DRAGONFLY BE ABLE TO 673 00:29:02,307 --> 00:29:03,308 TRANSMIT VIDEO. 674 00:29:03,308 --> 00:29:07,545 >> WELL, WE'LL TAKE A SERIES OF 675 00:29:07,545 --> 00:29:19,224 I THINK MAGAZINESES, AND WE WOP 676 00:29:19,224 --> 00:29:20,825 WE'RE TRANSMITTING FROM THE 677 00:29:20,825 --> 00:29:22,560 SURFACE OF TITAN TO EARTH, WE'LL 678 00:29:22,560 --> 00:29:26,030 BE ABLE TO PUT TOGETHER A SERIES 679 00:29:26,030 --> 00:29:28,066 OF IMAGES IN A SEQUENCE. 680 00:29:28,066 --> 00:29:29,701 >> WE'LL BE GETTING IMAGES FROM 681 00:29:29,701 --> 00:29:31,302 THE SURFACE OF TITAN. 682 00:29:31,302 --> 00:29:34,405 IT WILL BE GOOD. 683 00:29:34,405 --> 00:29:37,375 >> FROM TWITTER, CAN DRAGONFLY 684 00:29:37,375 --> 00:29:38,309 LAND ON HILLS OR MOUNTAINOUS 685 00:29:38,309 --> 00:29:38,610 AREAS? 686 00:29:38,610 --> 00:29:40,945 >> SO DRAGONFLY IS DESIGNED TO 687 00:29:40,945 --> 00:29:44,949 FLY AUTONOMOUSLY, AND TO LAND 688 00:29:44,949 --> 00:29:45,383 AUTONOMOUSLY. 689 00:29:45,383 --> 00:29:50,288 SO WE HAVE A HARD NAVIGATION 690 00:29:50,288 --> 00:29:55,193 SYSTEM SO WE WOULD BE ABLE TO 691 00:29:55,193 --> 00:29:57,228 DETECT SLOPES THAT ARE TOO STEEP 692 00:29:57,228 --> 00:30:01,332 IS TO LAND ON AND THEN NAVIGATE 693 00:30:01,332 --> 00:30:03,535 TO WIDENING INFORMATIONING 694 00:30:03,535 --> 00:30:03,868 SIGHTS. 695 00:30:03,868 --> 00:30:05,770 TO SOME DEGREE IT IS SLOPE BUT 696 00:30:05,770 --> 00:30:08,339 ALWAYS MAKE SURE THAT WE FIND AN 697 00:30:08,339 --> 00:30:10,708 AREA THAT THEY CAN LAND ON. 698 00:30:10,708 --> 00:30:13,411 >> AND THEN WHO MANAGES THIS 699 00:30:13,411 --> 00:30:15,046 MISSION? 700 00:30:15,046 --> 00:30:28,793 >> THE MICHIGAN IS MISSION 701 00:30:28,793 --> 00:30:31,162 >> IT WILL BE FROM HERE AT JOHNS 702 00:30:31,162 --> 00:30:32,897 HOPKINS APPLIED PHYSICS 703 00:30:32,897 --> 00:30:33,298 LABORATORY. 704 00:30:33,298 --> 00:30:35,466 >> WE HAVE DONE THE INITIAL 705 00:30:35,466 --> 00:30:36,000 MISSION CONCEPT. 706 00:30:36,000 --> 00:30:38,002 WE'VE DEMONSTRATED THAT THE 707 00:30:38,002 --> 00:30:39,304 CONCEPT CLOSES. 708 00:30:39,304 --> 00:30:41,873 THAT THE DESIGN IS ROBUST TO THE 709 00:30:41,873 --> 00:30:43,308 ENVIRONMENT THAT WE UNDERSTAND. 710 00:30:43,308 --> 00:30:45,109 AS WE MOVE FORWARD WITH THE 711 00:30:45,109 --> 00:30:46,544 DEVELOPMENT OF THE MISSION, 712 00:30:46,544 --> 00:30:49,514 THERE WILL ABSOLUTELY BE DESIGN 713 00:30:49,514 --> 00:30:50,648 TWEAKS, MODIFICATIONS AS WE 714 00:30:50,648 --> 00:30:53,418 START TO BUILD THE DIFFERENT 715 00:30:53,418 --> 00:30:54,953 UNITS TOGETHER. 716 00:30:54,953 --> 00:30:57,488 THE FUNDAMENTAL DESIGN OF 717 00:30:57,488 --> 00:31:01,826 DRAGONFLY, WE WOULD EXPECT TO 718 00:31:01,826 --> 00:31:04,696 SEE IT STAY VERY MUCH THE SAME. 719 00:31:04,696 --> 00:31:07,966 THERE MAY BE MODIFICATIONS, 720 00:31:07,966 --> 00:31:11,069 MAYBE TO THE AERODYNAMIC SHAPE. 721 00:31:11,069 --> 00:31:15,340 I THINK THE ROTO COPTER WILL 722 00:31:15,340 --> 00:31:16,007 APPRECIATE THAT. 723 00:31:16,007 --> 00:31:18,343 >> BEFORE WE GO TO OUR NEXT 724 00:31:18,343 --> 00:31:20,144 SECTION, I WANT TO REMIND YOU IN 725 00:31:20,144 --> 00:31:23,147 THIS FRONT AREA WE HAVE A MASS 726 00:31:23,147 --> 00:31:23,581 SPECTROMETER. 727 00:31:23,581 --> 00:31:24,649 AND I HEAR THAT WE HAVE A GRAT 728 00:31:24,649 --> 00:31:26,317 MODEL OF THAT BACK IN THE 729 00:31:26,317 --> 00:31:26,651 STUDIO. 730 00:31:26,651 --> 00:31:30,421 SO GREY, TAKE IT AWAY. THANK 731 00:31:30,421 --> 00:31:31,155 YOU. 732 00:31:31,155 --> 00:31:32,190 >> THANKS, LADIES. 733 00:31:32,190 --> 00:31:37,295 SO AS ZIBI MENTIONED, THE MODEL 734 00:31:37,295 --> 00:31:40,565 SHE WAS SHOWING TO YOU IS A 735 00:31:40,565 --> 00:31:42,700 ONE-QUARTER SCALE MODEL. 736 00:31:42,700 --> 00:31:45,503 HERE YOU HAVE THE MASS 737 00:31:45,503 --> 00:31:47,372 SPECTROMETER THAT SITS AT THE 738 00:31:47,372 --> 00:31:49,040 FRONT NOSE OF DRAGONFLY. 739 00:31:49,040 --> 00:31:50,341 IT'S AT THE TOP. 740 00:31:50,341 --> 00:31:52,410 YOU HEARD US TALK. 741 00:31:52,410 --> 00:31:57,615 OUR COLD WE WANT TO BE ABLE TO 742 00:31:57,615 --> 00:31:58,683 KEEP THEM WARM. 743 00:31:58,683 --> 00:32:00,652 THIS AREA RIGHT HERE, WHICH I'LL 744 00:32:00,652 --> 00:32:03,154 TALK ABOUT, BUT THE MASS 745 00:32:03,154 --> 00:32:04,522 SPECTROMETER IS THERE, SO WE'LL 746 00:32:04,522 --> 00:32:06,557 BE ABLE TO GET DATA TO DETERMINE 747 00:32:06,557 --> 00:32:08,526 WHAT THE SURFACE OF TITAN IS 748 00:32:08,526 --> 00:32:09,894 BUILT OF. 749 00:32:09,894 --> 00:32:21,406 THIS IS AN AN INCREDIBLE AND 750 00:32:21,406 --> 00:32:22,807 COMPLICATED FORM OF IT. 751 00:32:22,807 --> 00:32:25,109 WE HAVE DRILLS IN THE SKIDS OF 752 00:32:25,109 --> 00:32:25,476 DRAGONFLY. 753 00:32:25,476 --> 00:32:30,214 IT WILL CREATE A SAMPLE AND THEN 754 00:32:30,214 --> 00:32:37,588 STUCKED IT FROM THAT TUBE TO THE 755 00:32:37,588 --> 00:32:38,623 FRONT. 756 00:32:38,623 --> 00:32:41,159 AND THESE CELLS HERE, THESE 757 00:32:41,159 --> 00:32:42,460 TUBES ARE CERTAIN SAMPLE CELLS. 758 00:32:42,460 --> 00:32:45,563 THERE ARE 48 OF THEM. 759 00:32:45,563 --> 00:32:46,864 THE SAMPLES ARE DELIVERED TO 760 00:32:46,864 --> 00:32:48,900 THESE TUBES AND THEN WE CAN TAKE 761 00:32:48,900 --> 00:32:50,168 TWO DIFFERENT MEASUREMENTS. 762 00:32:50,168 --> 00:32:59,277 THERE IS A MASS SPECTROMETER, 763 00:32:59,277 --> 00:33:01,980 AND FOR THE SECOND MEASUREMENT 764 00:33:01,980 --> 00:33:02,380 WE BAKE IT. 765 00:33:02,380 --> 00:33:08,853 WE HEAT IT UP SO IT WILL CREATE 766 00:33:08,853 --> 00:33:09,187 GASSES. 767 00:33:09,187 --> 00:33:15,760 AND THEN THIS WILL IT GIVES US A 768 00:33:15,760 --> 00:33:18,229 TREMENDOUS AMOUNT OF INFORMATION 769 00:33:18,229 --> 00:33:23,234 ABOUT THE COPE BOTTLE, AT ALSO 770 00:33:23,234 --> 00:33:28,740 FOR SIGNS OF LIFE. 771 00:33:28,740 --> 00:33:29,741 >> THANKS A LOT, CURT. 772 00:33:29,741 --> 00:33:32,176 IT'S NOT EVERY DAY THAT WE CAN 773 00:33:32,176 --> 00:33:34,812 SEE A LIFE-SIZED MODEL AN 774 00:33:34,812 --> 00:33:36,247 INSTRUMENT THAT WILL FLY HALFWAY 775 00:33:36,247 --> 00:33:37,648 ACROSS THE SOLAR SYSTEM. 776 00:33:37,648 --> 00:33:39,851 IF YOU'RE TUNING IN WE'RE 777 00:33:39,851 --> 00:33:41,552 TALKING ABOUT SATURN'S TITAN, 778 00:33:41,552 --> 00:33:42,854 WHERE WE'RE GOING FLY. 779 00:33:42,854 --> 00:33:45,289 THIS IS PART OF THE NEW 780 00:33:45,289 --> 00:33:45,823 FRONTIERS PROGRAM. 781 00:33:45,823 --> 00:33:48,259 WE HAVE CURT NIEBUR AND ANOTHER 782 00:33:48,259 --> 00:33:52,930 TEAM MEMBER WITH US NOW, LYNNAE 783 00:33:52,930 --> 00:33:58,903 QUICK, HEAD OF THE SCIENCE AND 784 00:33:58,903 --> 00:34:08,646 SCIENCE 785 00:34:08,646 --> 00:34:10,048 DRAGONFLY IS ABOUT THE FUTURE. 786 00:34:10,048 --> 00:34:11,949 TELL US MORE ABOUT WHAT THAT IS. 787 00:34:11,949 --> 00:34:15,953 >> YES A UNIQUE STUDENT TO GET 788 00:34:15,953 --> 00:34:17,855 STUDENTS INVOLVED IN DRAGONFLY 789 00:34:17,855 --> 00:34:18,189 SCIENCE. 790 00:34:18,189 --> 00:34:19,857 WHAT WE WOULD LIKE TO DO IS HAVE 791 00:34:19,857 --> 00:34:22,960 STUDENTS COME AND SCIENTISTS AND 792 00:34:22,960 --> 00:34:25,229 ENGINEER WORK ON THE DRAGONFLY 793 00:34:25,229 --> 00:34:27,565 MISSION THROUGHOUT THE ENTIRE 794 00:34:27,565 --> 00:34:28,933 LIFE CYCLE OF THE MISSION. 795 00:34:28,933 --> 00:34:31,669 WE HOPE TO HAVE STUDENTS GET 796 00:34:31,669 --> 00:34:33,671 EXPERIENCE IN REALTIME AND 797 00:34:33,671 --> 00:34:39,510 WORKING WITH THEM AND TAP A WAY 798 00:34:39,510 --> 00:34:41,846 TO WORKING WITH THEM LATER IN 799 00:34:41,846 --> 00:34:42,880 THEIR CAREERS. 800 00:34:42,880 --> 00:34:45,349 >> WHY IS S.O.E. IMPORTANT? 801 00:34:45,349 --> 00:34:46,084 >> S.O.E. IS VERY IMPORTANT. 802 00:34:46,084 --> 00:34:47,618 WHAT WE WANT TO DO IS TRAIN THE 803 00:34:47,618 --> 00:34:54,525 NEXT GENERATION OF PLANETARY 804 00:34:54,525 --> 00:34:54,959 BLOOD CASTS. 805 00:34:54,959 --> 00:34:56,360 AND THIS IS A PRFECT MODEL TO 806 00:34:56,360 --> 00:34:57,128 DO THAT. 807 00:34:57,128 --> 00:35:01,065 WHAT WE'LL BE DOING IS BRING 808 00:35:01,065 --> 00:35:13,945 STUDENT FROM A BLOOD --THIS IS 809 00:35:13,945 --> 00:35:18,616 LABORATORY WITH A GRAB BAG OF SO 810 00:35:18,616 --> 00:35:19,817 MANY THINGS THEY CAN DO. 811 00:35:19,817 --> 00:35:22,053 AND IT WILL MAKE A GREAT 812 00:35:22,053 --> 00:35:23,521 CONTRIBUTION TO SCIENCE. 813 00:35:23,521 --> 00:35:25,623 DRAGONFLY WILL NOT BE LAUNCHING 814 00:35:25,623 --> 00:35:27,592 UNTIL 2026, AND THEN IT WILL 815 00:35:27,592 --> 00:35:29,460 REACH TITAN IN 2034. 816 00:35:29,460 --> 00:35:30,962 BY THAT TIME A LOT OF US ON THE 817 00:35:30,962 --> 00:35:32,897 MISSION NOW WILL BE MID CAREER 818 00:35:32,897 --> 00:35:34,465 OR LATE CAREER, AND REALLY WHAT 819 00:35:34,465 --> 00:35:36,167 WE WANT TO DO IS TRAIN PEOPLE 820 00:35:36,167 --> 00:35:38,002 WHO CAN COME AND WHO CAN TAKE 821 00:35:38,002 --> 00:35:42,740 OVER AND PICK UP UP THE REIGNS 822 00:35:42,740 --> 00:35:43,841 FAR AS LEADERSHIP ON OUR 823 00:35:43,841 --> 00:35:44,275 MISSION. 824 00:35:44,275 --> 00:35:46,944 NOT ONLY ON DRAGONFLY BUT OTHER 825 00:35:46,944 --> 00:35:48,980 MISSIONS FOR THE FUTURE. 826 00:35:48,980 --> 00:35:51,048 >> SO YOU'RE A SCIENTIST. 827 00:35:51,048 --> 00:35:57,722 I IMAGINE THIS WOULD HAVE 828 00:35:57,722 --> 00:35:59,590 INTERESTED YOU IN YOUR CAREER. 829 00:35:59,590 --> 00:36:00,658 >> IT DEFINITELY WOULD HAVE 830 00:36:00,658 --> 00:36:02,793 INTERESTED ME IN MY CAREER. 831 00:36:02,793 --> 00:36:06,764 I WAS A PHYSICS MAJOR AND THIS 832 00:36:06,764 --> 00:36:11,202 COULD BE APPLIED TO PLANETARY 833 00:36:11,202 --> 00:36:11,536 SCIENCE. 834 00:36:11,536 --> 00:36:13,171 I DIDN'T LEARN THAT UNTIL MUCH 835 00:36:13,171 --> 00:36:13,838 LATER. 836 00:36:13,838 --> 00:36:16,440 IF THERE WAS AN ENHANCEMENT 837 00:36:16,440 --> 00:36:18,376 OPTION WHEN I WAS IN COLLEGE, 838 00:36:18,376 --> 00:36:24,015 THAT WOULD HAVE OPENED MY EYES 839 00:36:24,015 --> 00:36:24,749 TO PLANETARY TECHNOLOGY AS A 840 00:36:24,749 --> 00:36:25,816 FIELD MUCH EARLIER. 841 00:36:25,816 --> 00:36:27,385 >> THANK YOU, LYNNAE. 842 00:36:27,385 --> 00:36:28,085 >> THANK YOU. 843 00:36:28,085 --> 00:36:30,488 >> THIS IS A NEW ANNOUNCEMENT, 844 00:36:30,488 --> 00:36:30,888 DRAGONFLY. 845 00:36:30,888 --> 00:36:32,623 WE'RE JUST GETTING UP AND 846 00:36:32,623 --> 00:36:32,957 RUNNING. 847 00:36:32,957 --> 00:36:35,893 THERE WILL BE MORE MATERIALS IN 848 00:36:35,893 --> 00:36:36,928 THE FUTURE. 849 00:36:36,928 --> 00:36:40,731 YOU CAN GO TO WWW.NASA.GOV AND 850 00:36:40,731 --> 00:36:42,066 FIND OUT HOW YOU CAN GET 851 00:36:42,066 --> 00:36:44,035 INVOLVED WITH DRAGONFLY. 852 00:36:44,035 --> 00:36:45,836 WE'RE GOING TO GO TO SOCIAL 853 00:36:45,836 --> 00:36:50,441 MEDIA TO ANSWER MORE QUESTIONS. 854 00:36:50,441 --> 00:36:58,416 AGAIN, THAT'S #ASK NASA. 855 00:36:58,416 --> 00:36:59,984 DAVID WANTS TO KNOW, AND I THINK 856 00:36:59,984 --> 00:37:03,020 THIS IS ONE FOR YOU, CURT, HOW 857 00:37:03,020 --> 00:37:07,024 CAN YOU BE SURE THAT DRAGONFLY 858 00:37:07,024 --> 00:37:12,630 WON'T BRING BACK CONTAMINATION. 859 00:37:12,630 --> 00:37:14,498 >> THAT IS CALLED PLANETARY 860 00:37:14,498 --> 00:37:14,899 PROTECTION. 861 00:37:14,899 --> 00:37:16,934 WE WANT TO MAKE SURE THAT WE 862 00:37:16,934 --> 00:37:19,337 DON'T CONTAMINATE WHAT WE'RE 863 00:37:19,337 --> 00:37:20,738 GOING THERE FOR TO STUDY. 864 00:37:20,738 --> 00:37:25,176 AND THEN WE NEED TO BE CAREFUL 865 00:37:25,176 --> 00:37:29,313 NOT TO TAKE ANYTHING TO TITAN. 866 00:37:29,313 --> 00:37:31,983 WE HAVE PROCESSES AND TECHNIQUES 867 00:37:31,983 --> 00:37:36,187 THAT WE USE THAT CLAN ALL OF 868 00:37:36,187 --> 00:37:43,394 OUR SPACECRAFT, WE MAKE SURE 869 00:37:43,394 --> 00:37:46,697 THAT THE SPACECRAFT ARE VERY 870 00:37:46,697 --> 00:37:48,099 CLEAN. 871 00:37:48,099 --> 00:37:49,634 SOMETIMES PARTS ARE BAKED AT 872 00:37:49,634 --> 00:37:50,635 HIGH TEMPERATURES. 873 00:37:50,635 --> 00:37:54,372 WE KNOW ONCE WE LAND, IT'S MINUS 874 00:37:54,372 --> 00:37:54,772 300 DEGREES. 875 00:37:54,772 --> 00:37:57,208 ANYTHING WE THAT BRING ALONG 876 00:37:57,208 --> 00:38:02,947 THAT IS ALIVE IS GOING TO EVEN 877 00:38:02,947 --> 00:38:16,193 IF OUR CLEANING PROCE THIS, ESIS 878 00:38:16,193 --> 00:38:18,763 FAIL WE CAN THINGS WE CAN FALL 879 00:38:18,763 --> 00:38:21,432 BACK ON. 880 00:38:21,432 --> 00:38:24,969 >> WHAT WILL BE ABLE TO APPLY TO 881 00:38:24,969 --> 00:38:25,269 MARS. 882 00:38:25,269 --> 00:38:26,671 >> THE BIG DIFFERENCE IS THERE 883 00:38:26,671 --> 00:38:28,639 IS A LOT OF METHANE ON TITAN. 884 00:38:28,639 --> 00:38:32,410 WHAT WE'RE SEEING AT MARS IS A 885 00:38:32,410 --> 00:38:33,077 SMALL AMOUNT. 886 00:38:33,077 --> 00:38:34,345 THEY'RE TRYING TO UNDERSTAND 887 00:38:34,345 --> 00:38:36,781 WHAT THOSE MEASUREMENTS MEAN AND 888 00:38:36,781 --> 00:38:42,086 HOW IT EFFECTS US THROUGH TIME. 889 00:38:42,086 --> 00:38:44,889 BUT THE INTERESTING THING IS 890 00:38:44,889 --> 00:38:46,324 THAT METHANE SHOULD NOT STICK 891 00:38:46,324 --> 00:38:46,657 AROUND. 892 00:38:46,657 --> 00:38:48,893 IT SHOULD BREAK APART. 893 00:38:48,893 --> 00:38:51,395 SO SOMETHING IS REPLENISHING IT. 894 00:38:51,395 --> 00:38:52,997 ONE OF THE THINGS THAT WE WANT 895 00:38:52,997 --> 00:38:55,299 TO UNDERSTAND AND DRAGONFLY WILL 896 00:38:55,299 --> 00:38:57,601 HELP US TO UNDERSTAND WHAT IS 897 00:38:57,601 --> 00:39:00,705 THE SOURCE OF ALL THAT METHANE. 898 00:39:00,705 --> 00:39:04,275 WE THINK IT'S GEOLOGIC IN 899 00:39:04,275 --> 00:39:09,580 NATURE, NOT BIO LOGIC. 900 00:39:09,580 --> 00:39:14,452 BUT IT CAN HAVE A ROLE, AND 901 00:39:14,452 --> 00:39:16,520 WE'RE GOING TO INVESTIGATE. 902 00:39:16,520 --> 00:39:17,054 >> INTERESTING. 903 00:39:17,054 --> 00:39:20,524 ONE FOR YOU, LYNNAE, CAN STUDENT 904 00:39:20,524 --> 00:39:22,693 FROM AROUND THE WORLD WORK ON 905 00:39:22,693 --> 00:39:26,063 THE DRAGONFLY PROJECT. 906 00:39:26,063 --> 00:39:27,031 >> CAN STUDENTS FROM AROUND THE 907 00:39:27,031 --> 00:39:29,734 WORLD WORK ON THE DRAGONFLY 908 00:39:29,734 --> 00:39:30,167 PROJECT? 909 00:39:30,167 --> 00:39:32,069 I'M SURE WE'LL FIND A WAY FOR 910 00:39:32,069 --> 00:39:37,775 ALL THE PEOPLE WHO WILL INTEREST 911 00:39:37,775 --> 00:39:41,145 INTERESTED TO WORK ON THIS, 912 00:39:41,145 --> 00:39:42,713 WE'RE EXCITED TO HAVE STUDENTS 913 00:39:42,713 --> 00:39:43,647 FROM ALL DIFFERENT BACKGROUNDS 914 00:39:43,647 --> 00:39:45,282 TO WORK WITH US ON THS MISSION. 915 00:39:45,282 --> 00:39:47,485 >> A LOT OF DETAILS STILL TO BE 916 00:39:47,485 --> 00:39:48,986 WORKED OUT. 917 00:39:48,986 --> 00:39:49,787 DEFINITELY SOMETHING TO GET 918 00:39:49,787 --> 00:39:50,488 EXCITED ABOUT. 919 00:39:50,488 --> 00:39:53,824 HERE IS AN INTERESTING ONE FOR 920 00:39:53,824 --> 00:39:54,225 YOU, CURT. 921 00:39:54,225 --> 00:39:57,795 WILL WE SEE IMAGES OF SATURN IN 922 00:39:57,795 --> 00:40:00,030 THE TITANIUM SKY? 923 00:40:00,030 --> 00:40:00,898 >> THAT'S A GOOD QUESTION. 924 00:40:00,898 --> 00:40:02,900 AND TO BE HONEST WITH YOU, I 925 00:40:02,900 --> 00:40:03,501 DON'T KNOW? 926 00:40:03,501 --> 00:40:07,138 CAN YOU SEE ENOUGH OF SATURN 927 00:40:07,138 --> 00:40:10,274 THREW THE CLOUDS AND THICK, HAZY 928 00:40:10,274 --> 00:40:10,708 ATMOSPHERE? 929 00:40:10,708 --> 00:40:14,011 >> I'M NOT SURE THAT YOU COULD. 930 00:40:14,011 --> 00:40:15,413 MAYBE A FAINT TRACE, BUT I DON'T 931 00:40:15,413 --> 00:40:21,218 THINK WE'LL SEE MUCH OF SATURN 932 00:40:21,218 --> 00:40:23,421 THREW THE CLOUDS. 933 00:40:23,421 --> 00:40:23,921 >> STAY TUNE. 934 00:40:23,921 --> 00:40:24,455 >> THAT'S RIGHT. 935 00:40:24,455 --> 00:40:26,791 >> IS THERE A LIMIT ON DRAGONFLY 936 00:40:26,791 --> 00:40:28,359 ACE FLIGHT? 937 00:40:28,359 --> 00:40:32,730 >> THE ULTIMATE LIMIT IS THE 938 00:40:32,730 --> 00:40:35,399 MMRCG, THE NUCLEAR POWER SOURCE. 939 00:40:35,399 --> 00:40:39,136 THAT'S WHAT CHARGES UP THE 940 00:40:39,136 --> 00:40:40,971 BATTERY. 941 00:40:40,971 --> 00:40:42,706 BUT FORTUNATELY, WITH THE WAY 942 00:40:42,706 --> 00:40:44,708 WE'VE DESIGNED THIS MISSION, IT 943 00:40:44,708 --> 00:40:48,779 WILL TAE RATE YEARS BEFORE THAT 944 00:40:48,779 --> 00:40:56,620 PARTICULAR ENOUGH POWER SOURCE 945 00:40:56,620 --> 00:40:58,088 STOPS PROVIDING ENERGY. 946 00:40:58,088 --> 00:40:59,323 BUT THAT'S THE LONG LIMIT. 947 00:40:59,323 --> 00:41:03,994 WE HAVE TO WORRY ABOUT PARTS AND 948 00:41:03,994 --> 00:41:08,532 MOTORS WEAR OUT. 949 00:41:08,532 --> 00:41:10,768 DESIGNING THINGS TO LAST HOW 950 00:41:10,768 --> 00:41:19,009 LONG THEY NEED TO LAST. 951 00:41:19,009 --> 00:41:23,147 SOME OF THE THINGS THAT WERE 952 00:41:23,147 --> 00:41:25,082 DESIGNED FOR 90 DAYS FOR MARS 953 00:41:25,082 --> 00:41:26,550 LASTED OVER A DECADE. 954 00:41:26,550 --> 00:41:29,587 >> HOW LONG WILL IT TAKE TO 955 00:41:29,587 --> 00:41:32,056 DOWNLOAD THE LINK FROM TITAN TO 956 00:41:32,056 --> 00:41:32,490 EARTH? 957 00:41:32,490 --> 00:41:34,091 >> THAT'S AN INTERESTING 958 00:41:34,091 --> 00:41:34,458 QUESTION. 959 00:41:34,458 --> 00:41:37,194 WE HAVE THAT REALLY LARGE HIGH 960 00:41:37,194 --> 00:41:38,629 GAIN ANTENNA. 961 00:41:38,629 --> 00:41:43,033 AND IT IS ABOUT YAY-BIG ACROSS. 962 00:41:43,033 --> 00:41:44,869 WE'LL BE USING THAT, NOT WHEN 963 00:41:44,869 --> 00:41:47,171 WE'RE FLYING BUT WHEN WE'RE 964 00:41:47,171 --> 00:41:47,505 LANDED. 965 00:41:47,505 --> 00:41:48,739 I DON'T KNOW WHAT THE DATA RATES 966 00:41:48,739 --> 00:41:49,707 ARE GOING TO BE? 967 00:41:49,707 --> 00:41:51,709 IT WILL TAKE SEVERAL MINUTES OF 968 00:41:51,709 --> 00:41:54,545 DOWN LINK TIME TO GET EACH 969 00:41:54,545 --> 00:41:54,845 IMAGE. 970 00:41:54,845 --> 00:41:57,414 THAT'S WHY LIBBY SAID WE'RE NOT 971 00:41:57,414 --> 00:42:00,317 GOING TO HAVE HIGH-DEPTH MOVIES 972 00:42:00,317 --> 00:42:03,153 WHEN WE'RE FLYING, BUT WE'LL BE 973 00:42:03,153 --> 00:42:07,024 ABLE TO SEND BACK HIGH-QUALITY 974 00:42:07,024 --> 00:42:08,392 STITCHES TAKEN WHILE IN FLIGHT, 975 00:42:08,392 --> 00:42:10,127 AND THEN STITCH THAT INTO A 976 00:42:10,127 --> 00:42:10,427 MOVIE. 977 00:42:10,427 --> 00:42:11,695 >> WE APPRECIATE YOUR TIME 978 00:42:11,695 --> 00:42:11,996 TODAY. 979 00:42:11,996 --> 00:42:12,897 THAT'S ALL WE HAVE TIME FOR 980 00:42:12,897 --> 00:42:14,398 RIGHT NOW AS FAR AS QUESTIONS. 981 00:42:14,398 --> 00:42:16,367 BUT THIS IS NOT THE END. 982 00:42:16,367 --> 00:42:21,372 THERE IS AN ANOTHER AT 3:00 P.M. 983 00:42:21,372 --> 00:42:21,772 ON MONDAY. 984 00:42:21,772 --> 00:42:25,175 IF YOU WANT TO COME BACK AND ASK 985 00:42:25,175 --> 00:42:28,479 MORE QUESTIONS OF CURT AND 986 00:42:28,479 --> 00:42:29,914 LYNNAE, WE CAN DO THAT. 987 00:42:29,914 --> 00:42:33,183 WHAT ARE YOU MOST EXCITED ABOUT 988 00:42:33,183 --> 00:42:34,251 DRAGONFLY? 989 00:42:34,251 --> 00:42:38,689 >> I FEEL LIKE CURT SET ME UP 990 00:42:38,689 --> 00:42:43,561 WITH THAT WITH CRYO VOLCANO. 991 00:42:43,561 --> 00:42:46,697 I CREATE MODELS OF THE SURFACES 992 00:42:46,697 --> 00:42:47,932 OF OCEAN WORLDS. 993 00:42:47,932 --> 00:42:50,534 I'M USED TO THINKING ABOUT WORLD 994 00:42:50,534 --> 00:42:56,740 LIKE EUROPA, AND THERE IS NO 995 00:42:56,740 --> 00:42:58,042 ATMOSPHERE AND NO WEATHER. 996 00:42:58,042 --> 00:42:59,543 BUT WITH TITAN, THAT'S A 997 00:42:59,543 --> 00:43:01,245 DIFFERENT SITUATION. 998 00:43:01,245 --> 00:43:02,313 WE MAY HAVE FLUIDS THAT ERUPT ON 999 00:43:02,313 --> 00:43:05,349 THE SURFACE, SO WE MIGHT HAVE 1000 00:43:05,349 --> 00:43:07,184 YOUNG SURFACE AREAS THAT ARE SET 1001 00:43:07,184 --> 00:43:10,087 UP AND WEATHERED. 1002 00:43:10,087 --> 00:43:11,255 THAT'S SOMETHING THAT I HAVEN'T 1003 00:43:11,255 --> 00:43:17,461 REALLY THOUGHTS THAT I HAVEN'T 1004 00:43:17,461 --> 00:43:19,296 HAD TO THINK ABOUT, BUT I'M 1005 00:43:19,296 --> 00:43:21,298 EXCITED TO THNK ABOUT THEM NOW. 1006 00:43:21,298 --> 00:43:22,533 >> JUST THE IDEA THAT WE'RE 1007 00:43:22,533 --> 00:43:24,835 GOING TO BE FLYING OVER AN ALIEN 1008 00:43:24,835 --> 00:43:27,438 WORLD THAT IS CIRCLING ANOTHER 1009 00:43:27,438 --> 00:43:29,106 PLANET IS MIND BOGGLING TO ME. 1010 00:43:29,106 --> 00:43:33,677 I THINK AS WE'RE SKIMMING ACROSS 1011 00:43:33,677 --> 00:43:35,212 THE THE PICTURES WE GET BACK ARE 1012 00:43:35,212 --> 00:43:36,513 GOING TO BE UNBELIEVABLE. 1013 00:43:36,513 --> 00:43:38,349 BUT I THINK THE REAL THING THAT 1014 00:43:38,349 --> 00:43:40,484 WILL TAKE OUR BREATH AWAY AS 1015 00:43:40,484 --> 00:43:43,754 WE'RE GETTING CLOSER AND CLOSER, 1016 00:43:43,754 --> 00:43:45,789 AND WE SEE THAT FILL THE IMAGE 1017 00:43:45,789 --> 00:43:47,558 AND GET BIGGER AND BIGGER AND WE 1018 00:43:47,558 --> 00:43:50,327 GET CLOSER AND CLOSER, THAT'S 1019 00:43:50,327 --> 00:43:52,863 GOING TO EXCITE THE ENTIRE 1020 00:43:52,863 --> 00:43:53,197 PLANET. 1021 00:43:53,197 --> 00:43:54,565 >> I THINK YOU'RE RIGHT ABOUT 1022 00:43:54,565 --> 00:43:55,032 THAT, CURT. 1023 00:43:55,032 --> 00:43:57,167 THIS IS IT FOR TODAY. 1024 00:43:57,167 --> 00:43:59,103 BUT AS I'VE SAID, THIS IS JUST 1025 00:43:59,103 --> 00:44:00,037 THE BEGINNING. 1026 00:44:00,037 --> 00:44:02,473 THIS IS GOING TO BE A GREAT 1027 00:44:02,473 --> 00:44:04,441 MISSION, AND PEOPLE AROUND THE 1028 00:44:04,441 --> 00:44:05,743 WORLD WILL HAVE A CHANCE TO BE 1029 00:44:05,743 --> 00:44:06,810 INVOLVED IN IT FOR YEARS TO 1030 00:44:06,810 --> 00:44:07,728 COME. 1031 00:44:07,728 --> 00:44:08,896 WE'LL HAVE MORE ON MONDAY AT 1032 00:44:08,896 --> 00:44:09,730 3:30. 1033 00:44:09,730 --> 00:44:10,964 JOIN US F THAT AND WE'LL HAVE 1034 00:44:10,964 --> 00:44:12,049 MORE QUESTIONS AND WE'LL LOOK 1035 00:44:12,049 --> 00:44:13,000 FORWARD TO TALKING TO YOU ALL. 1036 00:44:13,000 --> 00:44:15,085 GO DRAGONFLY. 1037 00:44:15,085 --> 00:44:17,755 ♪ 1038 00:44:17,755 --> 00:44:24,495 ♪