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>> CHRISTY: As I mentioned, as
John mentioned earlier which we

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talked about not doing and I did
anyway. >> JOHN: It’s okay,

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this is why we train.

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[UPBEAT
MUSIC]

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>>JOHN: Hi, I'm John Grunsfeld,
NASA astronaut.

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>>CHRISTY:  Hi I’m Christy
Hansen,

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Johnson Space Center EVA task
astronaut training lead, and

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flight controller. >> JOHN: An
“EVA” means extravehicular

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activity, which is just another
long way of saying “spacewalk,”

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and I got to do eight spacewalks
on the Hubble Space Telescope.

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You might wonder, how did we
learn to do the complex tasks

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using all the cool tools that we
used on the Hubble Space

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Telescope? Christy, how did we
learn how to do all of that?

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>>CHRISTY: So as the EVA task
training lead, one of my big

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duties was to work together with
the astronauts, for about two

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years, as well as my Goddard
engineering colleagues, to

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develop tools, techniques, and
procedures to train crews. But

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generically, from Johnson Space
Center, I had to train the crew

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on how to work on mockups that
simulated flight-like hardware

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on orbit. And there are various
venues that we did that. So the

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neutral buoyancy tank is a giant
swimming pool that’s 40 feet

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deep, 6.2 million gallons of
water, and we can take mockups

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which are volumetric equivalents
of space tools and science

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instruments on orbit, take them
down under the water and put

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them in flight-like positions.
“Volumetrically similar” meaning

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same size, screw positions are
in the same location, um

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distances from point A to point
B are the same as what you’ll

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see on the telescope. So in the
neutral buoyancy tank we have a

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mockup of the Hubble Space
Telescope, so it’s built out of

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different materials with holes
in it you know because you don’t

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want a heavy metal object in the
pool but in terms of distances

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to a science instrument, or like
a hand rail sill those are all

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the same. >>JOHN: This
particular mockup which means

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model of what we have on orbit
on the Hubble, I actually had on

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my desk for a long time because
I wanted to practice over and

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over and over again. My goal was
to you know, memorize to learn

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every single screw of the
hundreds of screws that we had

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to remove on Hubble, so that
when I got to orbit there were

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no surprises. Same for how to
use the tools, and how to turn

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the lights on, [TOOL WHIRRS] run
the tool, change the torques,

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change the direction of the
tool. All those things had to be

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second nature so when I got to
orbit it was just about fixing

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the Hubble. Sometimes I would
come to the Goddard Space Flight

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Center where we had the full
mockup of the camera and I would

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put on EVA gloves, spacewalking
gloves, and practice removing

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the screws and doing the whole
task. >>CHRISTY: One thing about

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doing these tasks at Goddard,
because they did have higher

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fidelity mockup units in the
building 29 clean room was

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understanding, not only the
tasks at hand, but what areas

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you can’t touch when you’re in a
spacesuit. So in a higher

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fidelity volumetric simulator at
Goddard for example, when John

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is performing the duties on this
advanced camera for survey

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upgrade task he can look around
inside the telescope and it

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looks more like what it’ll
actually look like in space. As

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compared to the neutral buoyancy
tank where you just see kind of

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a lot of plastic around you, and
you can envision there are

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certain areas, like seals, and
radiators that you’re not

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supposed to touch, and sharp
edges, you learn- so you piece

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all those parts together. We
also have the virtual reality

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lab. So the pool, you know the
pool’s good for body

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positioning, and translating,
and managing tools, but it’s not

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really good cause there’s drag
in the water right? So you’re

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not really- you don’t really-
you know you’re moving a mockup

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but you’re not really feeling
what a 500 pound mass feels

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like. So we take that into the
virtual reality lab where we

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have a mass simulator called
Charlotte. And we can take the

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giant axial instruments that
weigh what 800, 900 pounds? Or a

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battery. Put in all the mass
specs into the simulator, and

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then the crew, like John, can
stand there with a headset on

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that makes it look like he’s in
space, holding handrails on a

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mockup and simulates what it
would feel like to move an 800

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pound mass around an orbit.
>>JOHN: All in all, the tools,

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the training, the mockups
allowed us to repair and upgrade

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the Hubble Space Telescope so
that now it’s doing better than

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ever. [UPBEAT MUSIC]

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[UPBEAT MUSIC]

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[SILENCE]

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>>CHRISTY: [LAUGHS] Ready,
should I start?

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>>JOHN: Just don’t be late.
>>CHRISTY: I know don’t be late.

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I hate when people are late by
the way. Okay. Ready?

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[UPBEAT MUSIC]

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>>JOHN: Hi, I’m John.
[LAUGHS] >>CHRISTY: Do I need to

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do this? [LAUGHTER] >>JOHN: Do
it again, one more time.

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>>CHRISTY: Okay ready?